WO2011108803A2 - Manufacturing method for three-dimensional helical actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a manufacturing method for a photonic actuator. The present invention comprises the following five steps: (1) forming a silica nanocolloid FCC single crystal on a surface of a mold, which has been treated with fluorosilane; (2) forming a photonic crystal through self-assemby of said single crystal; (3) adding a non-polar PDMS precursor to, infiltrating, and thermal-curing said photonic crystallization area; (4) adding a methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane monolayer onto an oxygen plasma-treated PDMS layer; and (5) applying a polar PU-HEMA layer and UV-curing. The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a new actuator, which brings together a variety of technologies, and the invention enables a new one-dimensional scroll structure and a three-dimensional photonic actuator, wherein the colors and forms thereof can be adjusted simultaneously, through an external stimulus from the combination of a hydrogel, a photonic crystal, and an actuator.

Description

Manufacturing Method of 3D Spiral Actuator

The present invention combines a high-molecular hydrogel, photonic crystal, and three-dimensional spiral structure, and uses a new actuator that can be applied to fabricate a new device using characteristics that change shape, color, and structure according to external stimuli. Is to implement.

Research and development on the hydrogel, photonic crystal, and actuator used in the present invention has been studied with a lot of interests before, research on each technology and market applications can be easily found, but only for each technology There is a lot of research into the combination of these various technologies. Various types of highly functional photonic actuators manufactured using polymer materials, which are organic compounds, have not existed in any existing technical field. There is a growing need for highly functional photonic actuators for the application of new devices in the field of mechanical, electrical and electronic biotechnology at the nano / micro scale.

Actuator manufacturing method according to the present invention based on the basic principle of the existing actuator through the introduction of photonic crystals and hydrogel to provide a basis for a variety of color and morphological changes to have a more stubborn and higher functionality than the conventional actuator The present invention provides a method of manufacturing a photonic actuator applicable to a technical field such as photon, electric and magnetic devices and chemical and biological sensors.

The three-dimensional spiral actuator manufacturing method according to the present invention

Forming a silica nano colloidal FCC single crystal on the surface of a mold substituted with fluorine;

A second step of self-assembling the single crystal to form a photonic crystal;

A third step of thermosetting reaction by adding and infiltrating a nonpolar PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) precursor to the space of the photonic crystal;

A fourth step of raising the methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane monolayer on the oxygen plasma treated PDMS layer;

A fifth step of performing UV curing by applying a polar polyurethane (PU) / 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) layer; Characterized in that it comprises a.

In addition, the mold is characterized in that the tilting of the mold 0 ~ 45 ° in the process of the thermosetting reaction of the third step.

Furthermore, the component ratio of PU: HEMA in the PU / HEMA layer is characterized in that 1 ~ 9: 9 ~ 1.

Other specific details of the embodiments of the present invention are included in the following detailed description.

Actuator manufacturing method according to the present invention can implement a new one-dimensional scroll structure and three-dimensional photonic actuator capable of simultaneously adjusting the color and shape by external stimulation by the combination of hydrogel, photonic crystal, and actuator The manufacture of new actuators incorporating technology has excellent capabilities for applications in photonics, electricity, magnetic devices and chemical and biological sensors and related materials.

1 is a view showing the glass transition temperature (Tg) and the physical characteristics of the PU / HEMA composite by the HEMA component ratio, (a) is a graph showing the change in Tg due to the difference in the component ratio of HEMA, (b) PU / HEMA Graph showing changes in physical properties due to differences in component ratios.

Figure 2 (a) is an actuator manufacturing process of the one-dimensional kenti lever structure.

Figure 2 (b) is a SEM photograph of the colloidal single crystal represented by [111].

Figure 2 (c) is a SEM image of a single crystal represented by.

Figure 2 (d) is a SEM photograph of the single crystal after the addition of PDMS

Figure 2 (e) is a photograph of the actuator of the one-dimensional kentilever structure.

Figure 3 is a 270nm silica colloidal photonic crystal produced by the manufacturing process of FIG.

4 is a diagram of a reflection spectrum of assembled photonic crystals.

Figure 5a is a scroll actuator photograph produced.

Figure 5b is a photograph showing the actuating process acting along the y-axis by the solvent.

6 is a photograph showing the sides, the stomach, and the middle of FIGS. 5A and 5B, (a) a left-hand scroll actuator in a polar acetic acid solvent, and (b) a right-hand scroll actuator in a non-polar nucleic acid solvent.

Figure 7 (a) is a one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator structure, (b) is a three-dimensional polypeptide spring spiral actuator structure diagram, (c) is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional DNA double spiral actuator.

8 is a view showing a manufacturing process of a three-dimensional spiral photonic actuator.

9 is a photograph of the operation of a three-dimensional spring photonic actuator in a capillary.

10 is a photograph of the operation of a three-dimensional double helical actuator under nonpolar hexane solvent conditions.

11 is a photograph showing computer simulation data of a three-dimensional double spiral actuator.

In order to solve the above problems, the manufacturing method of the actuator according to the present invention

Forming a silica nanocolloidal FCC single crystal on the surface of a mold substituted with fluorine;

A second step of self-assembling the single crystal to form a photonic crystal;

Adding a non-polar PDMS precursor to the space of the photonic crystal and infiltrating the thermosetting reaction;

A fourth step of raising the methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane monolayer on the oxygen plasma treated PDMS layer;

And a fifth step of performing UV curing by applying a polar PU / HEMA layer.

Further, the mold is produced using a unit in the mold can be observed with the eyes, the size of the actuator is characterized in that the production can be up to 100㎛ ~ 1m.

In addition, the mold is characterized in that the tilting of the mold 0 ~ 45 ° in the process of the thermosetting reaction of the third step.

In addition, the component ratio of PU to HEMA in the PU / HEMA layer is characterized in that 1 ~ 9: 9 ~ 1.

According to the present invention, it is possible to develop a variety of photons / electric / devices, chemical / biological sensors, photonic actuators, and the like using a new concept using photonic crystals, which can be applied to many other industrial fields.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

EXAMPLE

In the manufacturing process of the actuator according to the present invention, by combining a polymer hydrogel, photonic crystal, and three-dimensional spiral structure, a new three-dimensional photonic actuator that simultaneously changes shape and color according to an external stimulus is intended.

The simplest and simplest existing actuator is a one-dimensional cantilever structure that is mainly used in MEMS (microelectromechanical systems). The one-dimensional centrifugal actuator of the present invention was manufactured using silicon nanoparticles and a polymer. The polymer used in the actuator is considered to be an ideal material because it can change the surface freely and easily change the shape and size in response to the external environment compared to the silicon inorganic material. In addition, the polymer material is used as a material for silicon-based electronic devices and bio devices that are currently being studied in various fields because they can easily change molecular structure and have chemical and mechanical stability.

In order to realize the cantilever type bilayer structure in the present invention, a flexible, transparent, heat-curable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and a UV-curable polyurethane / 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (PU / HEMA) elastomer composite are respectively non-polar ( Selective swelling experiments were performed in polar / nonpolar solvents by selecting hydrophobic) and polar (hydrophilic) materials. 1 is a view showing the glass transition temperature (Tg) and physical properties by the HEMA component ratio in the PU / HEMA composite. Figure 1 (a) is a change in Tg due to the difference in the component ratio of HEMA, Figure 1 (b) is a change in physical properties according to the difference in the component ratio of PU / HEMA. As shown here, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), and universal mechanical tester (UMT) experiments are performed by varying the component ratios of PU and HEMA to find the optimal reaction conditions of the selected PU / HEMA. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and physical properties according to the HEMA component ratio in PU / HEMA composites were investigated.

PU and HEMA were manufactured with various component ratios, and the thermal and mechanical analysis showed the best thermal and mechanical properties at the composition ratio of 7: 3, and was selected as the optimal PU / HEMA component ratio for the manufacture of actuators.

Prior to implementing a three-dimensional spiral photonic actuator, a one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator capable of reversibly adjusting colors and shapes in both directions depending on the polarity or nonpolarity of the solvent may be implemented.

Hereinafter, a manufacturing process of the one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator will be described.

Fabrication of 1-D Scroll Photonic Actuators

The one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator was manufactured through a total of five steps as shown in (a) of FIG. 2, and the crystal structure of the photonic crystal formed during the assembly process from (b) to (d) of FIG. Was observed by SEM.

Referring to the process related to this, in the actuator manufacturing method,

Forming a silica nanocolloidal FCC single crystal on the surface of a mold substituted with fluorine;

A second step of self-assembling the single crystal to form a photonic crystal;

Adding a non-polar PDMS precursor to the space of the photonic crystal and infiltrating the thermosetting reaction;

A fourth step of raising the methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane monolayer on the oxygen plasma treated PDMS layer;

Applying a polar PU / HEMA layer is to undergo a fifth step of performing UV curing.

2 (b) is an SEM photograph of the colloidal single crystal represented by [111], and FIG. 2 (c) is an SEM photograph of the colloidal single crystal represented by [011]. FIG. 2D is a photograph of SEM of a single crystal after adding PDMS.

In addition, the one-dimensional photonic actuator manufactured through the actuator assembly process is shown in the photograph (e) of Figure 2 to confirm the length unit.

In the fifth step, the one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator separated from the mold after curing is shown in FIG. 3. The fabricated one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator is transparent in the visible region. This is because, firstly, the PDMS layer and the PU / HEMA layer material do not absorb light in the visible region, and secondly, the refractive index (n) of the PDMS layer and silica colloid is equal to 1.43.

As shown in FIG. 4, the reflection spectrum was measured perpendicular to the [111] region of the photonic crystal in order to confirm an association between the transparency and the color change of the photonic actuator. 4 is a reflection spectrum of the assembled photonic crystal, (a) of FIG. 4 is silica, (b) is PDMS / silica, FIG. 4 (c) is PDMS / silica in a hexane solvent, and FIG. 4 (D) is the spectrum of PDMS / silica in acetic acid solvent.

The silica colloidal crystal having a diameter of 270 nm used in the present invention exhibits a reflection peak of 70% maximum intensity at a green wavelength of 596 nm, but the reflection peak disappears through infiltration with PDMS having the same refractive index as silica, thereby obtaining a transparent sample. . On the other hand, the reflection spectra under solvent conditions show a different pattern: the swelled silica / PDMS photonic crystals in hexane solvent show a broad and low intensity 7% reflection peak at a wavelength of 459 nm, while the swelled silica / PDMS photo in acetic acid solvent The nick crystal will show a reflection peak of 20% maximum intensity at a wavelength of 659 nm.

Reflection peaks at specific wavelengths under solvent conditions exhibit original transparency when the solvent is removed. The reason for the occurrence of such a reflection peak is that as soon as the solvent infiltrates the colloidal template, low transmittance is observed due to the high crystallinity of the silica colloidal crystal in the silica / PDMS layer.

Looking at the actuating process of the one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator produced as described above, in Figure 5 (a) the one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator is the x-axis in the width direction, the y-axis in the xy-plane according to the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system It is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, and the z axis is expressed in the thickness direction.

The prepared scroll photonic actuator was stretched in the long axis direction. When the force was removed, the scroll photonic actuator was bent toward the PDMS layer having a larger restoring force as shown in FIG. Therefore, in order to give the direction of the actuator, the left / right hand orientation was determined based on the PDMS layer with the + z axis as shown by the Cartesian coordinate system. The left / right hand orientation of the actuator acts as an important distinguishing factor in distinguishing the color and form according to the solvent in the actuator driving experiment.

As shown in FIG. 6, the fabricated one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator was placed in a polar / non-polar solvent to observe changes in structure and color according to swelling time.

In FIG. 6A, the one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator is blue, yellow / green, and red according to a viewing point in which the deformation occurs in the right hand direction in acetic acid, a polar solvent, according to the left / right hand orientation. On the contrary, in hexane, which is a non-polar solvent, as shown in FIG. The reason why the one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator with left / right hand orientation is different in color is that solvents with low refractive index (n = 1.37) show a sufficient difference in dielectric constant from silica absorbed in the PDMS layer. This is because the d-spacing of the crystal structures between each other is changed.

In polar acetic acid, the color varies with time, but in non-polar nucleic acids, it appears blue regardless of time, because the long-range positional order in the silica colloidal crystal has disappeared or the d-spacing is too far away. This is because the gap moves into the near-IR region and the visible blue is the second photonic band gap.

Therefore, one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator can be realized by the destruction of one-dimensional symmetrical structure, and reversible actuating with one-dimensional cantilever structure that shows left / right hand orientation and various colors according to the polarity / non-polarity of solvent. Causes a reaction.

Fabrication of 3D Spring Helical and 3D DNA Dual Helical Actuators

The advanced three-dimensional spiral photonic actuator is an actuator that can simultaneously adjust color and shape according to external stimulus by applying a spiral structure to one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator. It is a spring spiral like polypeptide and double spiral like DNA. Two three-dimensional spiral photonic actuators of structure were fabricated. The three-dimensional spiral photonic actuator realizes a spiral structure by changing the symmetrical structure in the one-layer scroll photonic actuator having a bilayer structure, and responds to the external environment change more sensitively and accurately. In the three-dimensional spring spiral structure, the same swelling action as that of the one-dimensional scrolling structure is used as the driving force of the actuator, and the left / right hand is swelled by the selective swelling action depending on the polarity of the solvent in the PU / HEMA layer or the PDMS layer. Three-dimensional spring spiral structure in the direction is implemented.

As shown in Figure 7, through the implementation of a new symmetrical structure by adjusting the inclination of the bilayer symmetric structure through the production of a three-dimensional spring spiral or double-helical photonic actuator according to the change of the external environment, it is possible to adjust various forms and colors will be.

The bilayer symmetrical structure parallel to the xz-plane shown in (a) of FIG. 7 was confirmed in the first year study to be reversibly transformed into a scroll structure in a polar / nonpolar solvent, and as shown in FIG. By adjusting the tilt of the structure and placing it diagonally, a spring spiral structure such as a polypeptide can be realized. In order to implement a more advanced double helical structure, by further applying a PDMS layer, two PDMS layers are diagonally wrapped on both sides of the central PU / HEMA layer diagonally to implement a double helical structure such as DNA (FIG. 7C). . Such a symmetrical structure can be produced by bonding two symmetrical structures of FIG.

The fabrication of the three-dimensional spring spiral photonic actuator is performed through the process shown in FIG. 8, and the manufacturing process is the same as that of the one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator, and the material used in the manufacturing is also the same PDMS and PU / as the one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator. HEMA was used.

The difference between the manufacturing process of the one-dimensional scroll photonic actuator and the three-dimensional spring spiral photonic actuator is the formation of silica nanocolloidal FCC single crystals followed by infiltration of non-polar PDMS precursors to tilt the mold 0-45 ° during thermal curing. This is because the PDMS layer and the PU / HEMA layer are arranged diagonally to implement a spiral structure in the swelling process. The slope of the mold was 11.3 ° as an angle that takes into account the lengths of the x and z axes.

The manufacturing process of the 3D double spiral photonic actuator is the same as that of FIG. 8, and two prepared spring spiral photonic actuators are prepared and bonded by PU / HEMA layers to yz-plane. 9 and 10 show the manufactured three-dimensional spring helical photonic actuator to observe the color and shape over time under polar / non-polar solvent conditions.

The three-dimensional spring helical photonic actuator was subjected to swelling experiments in a confined space called a capillary tube to more accurately observe the distortion in the helical structure.

FIG. 9 is a photograph of the operation of a three-dimensional spring photonic actuator in a capillary, illustrating: (a) swelling in the right hand direction in a nonpolar hexane solvent in a 1 nm diameter capillary; (b) in the left hand direction in a polar acetic acid solvent. Swelled state, (c) loosened in the right hand direction, (d) loosened in the left hand direction, (e) loosened in the right hand direction in a 2 mm diameter capillary tube, and (f) loosened in the left hand direction.

The diameter of the capillary tube used in the swelling experiment was tested using (a) to (d) of Fig. 11 and Fig. 11 (e) and (f) of 2 mm, and the three-dimensional spring spiral photonic actuator in the capillary was polarized. It was placed in the left hand / right hand direction by acting on a nonpolar solvent.

9 (a) and 9 (b) show a spring compressed form as an actuator after swelling under solvent conditions, and shows right hand orientation and blue color in hexane, a nonpolar solvent, and left hand orientation and orange color in acetic acid, a polar solvent. . If the solvent is removed here, as shown in (c) and (d) of FIG. 9, the swelling state is released and the spring form is unfolded and returned to the original transparent actuator. In Figure 9 (e) and (f) by increasing the diameter of the capillary tube to 2mm it is possible to increase the spring diameter of the actuator during the swelling process, compared with Figure 9 (c) and Figure 9 (d) It can be seen that the angle of distortion decreases due to less capillary influence.

Referring to FIG. 10, the three-dimensional double spiral photonic actuator is spontaneously implemented through a swelling process under non-polar hexane solvent conditions.

The three-dimensional double helical photonic actuator uses a non-polar hexane solvent to implement a double helical structure by using a selective swelling action on the non-polar PDMS layer surrounding both sides of the polar PU / HEMA layer (Fig. 10 ( a)). Also, in order to confirm the degree of swelling of the PDMS layer and the PU / HEMA layer, both ends are partially cut by the yz-plane of the three-dimensional double spiral photonic actuator in FIG. 10 (b), and the nonpolarity is the same as in FIG. 10 (a). Swelling was observed in hexane solvent.

On the other hand, the three-dimensional double spiral photonic actuator shows a difference in the swelling process that there is no left hand / right hand orientation with the one-dimensional scroll structure or the three-dimensional spring spiral structure. This is because the PDMS layer is asymmetrically arranged on both sides of the PU / HEMA layer, so that the left / right hand orientation is not established. In the swelling process, the PDMS layer shows a double helical structure surrounded by the outward shape. A distinct color is indicated in the hexane solvent of.

FIG. 11 is computer simulation data of a three-dimensional double spiral actuator, and the principle of driving and twisting the dual spiral actuator is understood through computer simulation in which the amount of stress applied to the inside of the actuator in the three-dimensional double spiral photonic actuator is measured.

The computer simulation of the three-dimensional double spiral photonic actuator was carried out under the same conditions as the experiment. The degree of swelling of the two layers was determined by comparing the amount of stress between the PDMS layer and the PU / HEMA layer during the double helical swelling reaction. In Figure 11 (a) side view the high stress is generated by the swelling of the PDMS layer and the distortion of the actuator itself in the PU / HEMA layer located in the middle of the actuator, the compression action occurs, the swelling of the PDMS layer toward the outside It can be seen that low stress is produced. In the upper view shown in (b) of FIG. 11, it was confirmed that higher stress was generated in the PDMS layer adjacent to the outer PU / HEMA layer due to the influence of the PU / HEMA layer at the center of the actuator, so that swelling did not sufficiently occur. By examining the stress distribution measured in the computer simulation, it was confirmed that the compression of the PU / HEMA layer occurred due to the swelling reaction of the PDMS layer, and the distortion between the swelling and the compressive action was realized to realize the double spiral structure.

As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated with reference to drawings according to the preferred embodiment, this invention is not limited to the structure and operation which were demonstrated by embodiment and shown by drawing. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications and variations of the present invention are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the appended claims. It is therefore evident that all such suitable changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention.

The present invention can be used in the manufacture of new devices in the field of mechanical, electrical and electronic biotechnology in the nano / micro unit and is industrially applicable.

Claims (5)

1. In the manufacturing method of the actuator,

   Forming a silica nano colloidal FCC single crystal on the surface of a mold substituted with fluorine;

   A second step of self-assembling the single crystal to form a photonic crystal;

   Adding a non-polar PDMS precursor to the space of the photonic crystal and infiltrating the thermosetting reaction;

   a fourth step of raising the methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane monolayer on the oxygen plasma treated PDMS layer;

   And a fifth step of performing UV curing by applying a polar PU / HEMA layer.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the mold is manufactured using a unit that can be observed by the eye, and the size of the actuator can be manufactured to 100 µm to 1 m.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mold is tilted at 0 ° to 45 ° during the thermosetting reaction of the third step.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the component ratio of PU: HEMA in the PU / HEMA layer is 1-9: 9-1.
5. An actuator manufactured according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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