WO2013182227A1

WO2013182227A1 - Tank for liquid-filled transformers or inductors

Info

Publication number: WO2013182227A1
Application number: PCT/EP2012/060603
Authority: WO
Inventors: Friedrich AMETZBERGER; Anton HOLZER; Helmut Pregartner; Horst RECHBERGER; Harald SCHOBER
Original assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2012-06-05
Filing date: 2012-06-05
Publication date: 2013-12-12
Also published as: BR112014030107A2; KR101944967B1; MX2014014846A; BR112014030107B1; EP2856477B1; EP2856477A1; MX336178B; BR112014030107B8; CN104335301B; IN2014DN09796A; KR20150023639A; CN104335301A

Abstract

Tank for a liquid-filled transformer or inductor, comprising: a) an outer tank casing (2) comprising a bottom part (3); b) an inner tank casing (5), enclosed by the outer tank casing (2) at a distance (4), wherein the outer tank casing (2) and the inner tank casing (5) are formed from metal; c) a plastic or polymer material (7), which is incorporated in an intermediate space (6), bounded by the inner surface (14) of the outer tank casing (2) and the inner surface (13) of the inner tank casing (5), and at least partially fills this intermediate space (6), wherein the plastic or polymer material and the adhesion thereof to the inner surfaces (13, 14) is designed such that d) shearing forces are transmitted between the inner and outer tank casings (2, 5) and that e) the transmission of structure-borne sound that is generated in the case of operation of an active part (10) arranged in the interior space (9) of the tank between the inner tank casing (5) and the outer tank casing (2) is inhibited.

Description

description

Boiler for liquid-filled transformers or chokes

Technical area

The present invention relates to a boiler for a liquid-cooled transformer or choke, as used in power supply networks.

PRIOR ART Electrical transformers or chokes, as they are known in

Power supply networks are used exist

Usually made of a magnetic core with electrical windings, which in one, with an insulating and

Coolant, e.g. Oil, filled cauldron are included.

The disadvantage here is that during operation of the transformer or the throttle of the magnetic core by magnetostriction and also on the individual conductors of the windings

acting forces vibrate the surrounding insulating and cooling liquid. These vibrations propagate in the insulating and cooling liquid and rain the

Boiler wall to an unwanted sound radiation. In order to reduce operating noise of a transformer or a choke, passive measures have long been known.

From DE 23 09 564, for example, is known

Exterior wall of a transformer tank with plates made

Cover soft material and fill the cavity located between boiler wall and plate with a sound-absorbing and / or sound-absorbing material. For foaming polyurethane foam is proposed by the

Injection holes are injected into individual cells. Each cell is bounded by two metallic stiffeners and each connected via an elastic sealing strip outer plate. The disadvantage here is that the metallic

Stiffeners and plates increase the external dimensions, whereby the transport of a power transformer, which often leads through tunnels, is difficult. In addition, the sound absorbing device of a variety of

Consists of individual parts, so that their production is complex.

In the AT 23 77 31 an airborne sound elastic transformer wall is proposed, which is formed by the fact that on the outside of the metallic wall

Polyurethane foam is sprayed or mounted in the form of plates. The polyurethane foam are to

Tuning of the damping granular masses, for example of steel particles or quartz sand, mixed. The disadvantage is that the sprayed plastic environment

exposed unprotected.

From GB 679 241 an arrangement for reducing the noise emission of a transformer is known, in which the boiler wall of a transformer filled with oil is enclosed on the outside with a further housing. There is air in the space between the inner and outer walls of the boiler. Again, it is disadvantageous that increase the external dimensions of the transformer by the sound-insulating measures.

Furthermore, for example, in the construction of ships or bridge carriageways so-called sandwich plate systems are known with which the rigidity and strength of a metallic structure can be increased by an uncured between two metal layers

Plastic material is sprayed, which is suitable after curing, shear forces between the metal layers transferred to. Such a structural laminate, also as

Sandwich Plate System (SPS) is described, for example, in WO 2003/101728, WO 01/32414, WO 99/058 333. The noise insulation of large power transformers and chokes is still unsatisfactorily solved. All passive acting solutions, which attach measures to the outside to the sound insulation, become on machines of large achievement by the maximally permissible outside

Dimensions limited by the transport, e.g. by the profile of a road or rail tunnel, are given.

Presentation of the invention

It is an object of the present invention to provide a boiler for liquid-filled transformers or chokes whose noise emission during operation is as low as possible without unduly increasing the outer dimensions.

This task is solved by a boiler with the

Features of claim 1 and by a method for

Production of such a boiler with the characteristics of

Claim 10. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the respective dependent claims.

According to a basic idea of the invention, a steel-plastic-steel sandwich construction known per se is used for the production of a double-walled boiler. The double wall boiler constructed in this way comprises: a) an outer boiler shell with a bottom part; b) one from the outer shell of the boiler at a distance

enclosed inner boiler shell, wherein the outer and the inner boiler shell are formed of metal;

c) a plastic or polymer material, which in a space bounded by the inner surface of the outer shell of the boiler and the inner surface of the inner boiler shell is introduced and at least partially fills this space, wherein the plastic or polymer material and its

Adhesion to the inner surfaces is designed so that d) that shear forces are transmitted between the inner and outer boiler shell, and

e) that the transmission of structure-borne noise, which is generated in the operating case of one, arranged in the interior of the boiler active part is inhibited between the outer shell of the boiler and the inner shell of the boiler.

The arranged between the two boiler walls plastic is dimensioned in its properties so that on the one hand the line of structure-borne noise is inhibited from the interior of the boiler in the outer space. When in operation the

Active part, that is the soft magnetic core and the electrical windings thereon, the

Stimulate insulating liquid to vibrate, these vibrations reach only weakened to the outer wall of the boiler. The noise emission of a transformer or a choke is thereby reduced.

On the other hand, the connection between plastic and metallic shell wall is designed so that shear forces can be transmitted between the inner and outer shell wall. As a result, the sandwich construction also assumes a supporting function. The consequence of this is that stiffeners are made smaller and take up less space. Despite the sound insulation, there is no increase in the external dimensions. Since the otherwise usually required inner stiffeners can be made smaller, also increases the usable light

Boiler width. For internals is therefore more space to

Available. Another advantage is that the boiler

overall lighter weight can be performed. In the manufacture of the boiler for this purpose, a suitable plastic in a liquid (not yet cured) state by injection openings, which are provided on the inner and / or outer shell boiler sprayed. For the outlet of the air corresponding outlet openings are provided. The thus introduced between the walls of the double-walled boiler plastic acts in a cured state in an analogous manner as a box-carrier or an I-beam. It adheres so strongly to the inner surfaces of the walls that

Shear forces can be transmitted and thus contributes to the mechanical stability of the boiler as a whole.

It may be advantageous if the inner shell of the shell has a thickness which is smaller than the thickness of the outer shell of the shell.

It had been found to be favorable if the thickness of the inner shell of the shell is made half the thickness of the outer shell of the shell.

Depending on the composition and nature of the polymeric material, the body sound conduction can be very well inhibited if the distance between the inner surfaces of the inner and outer shell of the boiler is in a range of about 5 mm to 50 mm. Particularly preferred is in a

Power transformer or power choke a thickness of the plastic or polymer material of about 30 mm.

Although, in a transformer or reactor, the waste heat generated during operation is largely dissipated to the outside space by the insulating liquid (e.g., transformer insulating liquid), the insulating property of the resin between turns of the boiler is

Disadvantage. To counter this, it may be beneficial if the plastic or polymer material of the sandwich construction thermally conductive additives or similar acting filler are mixed. This may also be advantageous if embedded in the plastic between a layer Cooling line is housed, which is integrated into the cooling system of the transformer or the throttle.

In a preferred embodiment, the boiler is characterized in that the inner shell of the boiler in

Substantially flush abutting metal plates

is formed, wherein the metal plates are welded by welding to strips or other spacers, which in turn are welded to the inner surface of the outer shell of the boiler. This embodiment is particularly preferred in the manufacture of power transformers. For smaller power it can also be advantageous if the inner boiler is made in one piece and is introduced as a kind of insert in the pot-shaped outer boiler.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING For further explanation of the invention, in the following part of the description, reference is made to drawings from which further advantageous embodiments, details and developments of the invention, based on a non

restricting embodiment, can be found. Show it:

Figure 1 shows a boiler according to an embodiment of the

Invention, wherein the intermediate space formed between an inner and an outer boiler shell is filled with a plastic;

Figure 2 shows the inner boiler shell of Figure 1, in one

perspective view; Figure 3 is a representation of the detail "X" of Figure 1;

Figure 4 shows a section through the horizontal circumferential

Stiffening of Figure 1 in a range of Connection between front and long side of the boiler, seen from above;

Figure 5 shows a detail of the boiler end wall, shown in a vertical section, seen from the outside;

Figure 6 shows a detail of the boiler end wall, shown in a vertical section, seen from the inside; 7 shows a detail of the boiler wall in the region of a

Pipe passage through the boiler wall, shown in a vertical section;

8 shows a detail of the boiler wall in the region of a

Insulating fluid connection, shown in a vertical section;

Figure 9 shows a detail of the double-wall boiler, the

Embedding a cooling line in the

Plastic layer shows.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION FIG. 1 shows a boiler 1 whose jacket is in the manner of a

Double wall boiler is constructed. The two double walls 2, 5 are formed by an outer shell shell 2 and an inner shell shell 5, which are arranged at a distance 4 from each other. Between these two jackets 2, 5 is a circumferential gap 6, which is filled according to the invention with a plastic or polymer material 7. The outer shell shell 2 continues downwards tapering to a bottom part 3. The bottom part 3 rests on elastic supports 19 on a foundation. On the lid 8 are the

electrical connections 23 (bushings) arranged. Before the transformer / throttle is put into operation, a negative pressure is generated in the interior 9 in the usual way. To increase the mechanical stability of the boiler under vacuum ensure different stiffeners are mounted on the boiler inside and outside, of which in the figure 1 the

Clarity because only externally arranged stiffeners

16 are shown. The stiffeners 16 run around the top and bottom of the boiler shell. The interior 9 of the boiler 1 is filled with an insulating liquid (transformer oil) 24. The insulating liquid 24 surrounds an arranged in the interior 9 active part 10. This active part consists in a

Transformer and a choke out of one

soft magnetic core around which an electric winding is wound. The active part 10 is not shown in detail in the drawing of Figure 1 for the sake of clarity. When operating a transformer or a throttle, the magnetic core is known to be excited by magnetostriction to vibrate. These vibrations propagate on the insulating liquid 24. Also the head of the

electrical winding are excited in the case of operation to vibrations, which also affect the surrounding

Impact insulating fluid. In the insulating liquid 24 sound waves are formed, which also impinge on the inner jacket 5. According to the invention, a plastic with a property is now provided in the intermediate space 6, which acts on the propagation of structure-borne noise to the outer shell 2 inhibiting. As a result, the vibration excitation of the outer

Mantels 2 lower and the noise emission is reduced.

Figure 2 shows the inner boiler shell 5 in one

perspective view. The inner jacket 5 is formed in each case by opposing longitudinal and end sides. Each of these sides is made of individual metal plates 18

assembled, which show at joints blunt to each other. They are flush with each other and each form a flat side surface or end face. As will be explained in more detail below, in the manufacture of the

boiler according to the invention these metal plates 18 on strips

17 (see FIG. 4) welded to an inner surface 14 of the outer shell 2 of the boiler. At a

Front side is an entry hatch 26 to see in a assembled state of the boiler with a hatch cover 20 is closed (Figure 5). The delimitation of the interspace of FIG. 6 between the inner and outer boiler shells 2, 5 takes place by means of a terminating strip 20.

FIG. 3 shows the detail "X" of FIG. 1 in one

enlarged sectional view. The outer vessel wall 2 has a shell thickness 12 which is greater than that

Jacket thickness 11 of the inner vessel wall 5. The adhesion of the plastic 7 to the inner surfaces 13 and 14 and its physical property is dimensioned so that a shear force between the two walls 5 and 2 can be transmitted. Thus, the metal-plastic composite contributes to mechanical stability and it is possible that the

Reinforcement 16, which prevents implosion of the boiler when applying the vacuum, can be dimensioned smaller, and consequently takes up less space.

FIG. 4 shows a section through the horizontally encircling stiffener 16. The metal plates 18 fastened to the strips 17 by means of a welded joint 25 are visible. The strips 17, in turn, are welded to the outer shell 2 as already mentioned. The stiffener 16 is in turn stiffened with ribs 28.

Figure 5 shows a vertical section through a

Kesselstirnwand, viewed from the outside. The already mentioned area around an access hatch 27 can be seen, the cavity formed by the double-wall structure 2, 5 being peripherally bordered by a circumferential end strip 20

is completed. You can also see outside

Ribs 28 and stiffeners 16. Figure 6 shows a vertical section through the

Kesselstirnwand, viewed from the inside. You can see the arranged on the outside of the boiler shell bottom

Stiffening rib 16, and with a view of the metal plate 18 a arranged in the interior 9 stiffening ribs 28. The double-wall structure sits on the end wall to the

Floor Part 3 calls. On the longitudinal side of the cuboidal inner vessel 5, the metal plate 18 ends where the

Rejuvenation in cross section to the bottom part 3 begins.

FIG. 7 shows a detail through the boiler wall in the region of a pipe feed-through 21, which is provided for the discharge of the insulating liquid. The intermediate space formed by the double-wall structure 2.5 is again closed by a closing strip 20.

Figure 8 shows a section of the boiler wall in the region of the connection of the cooling system. The connecting pipe 22 serves for connection to a heat exchanger, not shown. For marginal completion of the gap takes over here not a conclusion bar, but the connection pipe 22 itself. Figure 9 shows an enlarged view of a

preferred embodiment of the double-wall boiler. In order to allow a better heat dissipation from the interior 9, is the

Plastic 7 a filler 15 added, the one

comparatively better thermal conductivity. In addition, an embodiment is shown here, which additionally or alternatively, a cooling line 30 provides that of the

Insulating fluid (eg., Transformer oil) is flowing through. The cooling line 30 abuts against the inner wall 13 of the inner boiler shell 5 and is secured by means not shown clips. By the reference numeral 29 is exemplified one of a plurality of injection port or air outlet openings 29 in the inner vessel 5, which are closed again after the introduction of the plastic 7 (for example, welding).

In the production of the boiler according to the invention is now proceeded so that first the outer vessel 2 is manufactured in a conventional manner. This usually happens through a welding construction. For the embodiment described above takes place in a next

Manufacturing step attaching the strips 17 at the

Inner surface 14 of the outer shell shell 2. In this case, the strips 17 in one of the width of the metal plates 18th

corresponding distance on the inner surface 14 arranged welded with a fillet weld to the outer shell shell 2. Subsequently, the metal plates 18 are successively placed on the strips 17 and also welded by means of a fillet weld. This creates an inner boiler shell 5 with congruent flat front and side surfaces. In the further sequence, the plastic is then injected through injection openings 29, followed by curing and by adhesion a firm connection with the inner surfaces 13, 14. Finally, the injection openings and air outlet openings 29 are closed, for example

welded. The for the penetration of the plastic

required number and arrangement of

Injection openings / outlet openings 29 is dependent on the size of the metal plates 18 and the distance 4.

Although the invention in detail by the preferred

The invention has not been limited by the disclosed examples and other variations can be deduced therefrom by the person skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention

To leave invention.

Thus, the above embodiment shows an inner

Boiler shell without bottom part. Of course, a design is also conceivable, in which also the inner jacket has a bottom part and also the intermediate space is filled with plastic. In such an embodiment, the two coats are similar to a pot and a matching planter.

The plastic formed in the gap does not have to be made of a fabric but can of course be made out be composed of different plastic layers and plastic structural elements. It is also conceivable that the lid is designed as a double-wall structure.

Compilation of the reference numbers used

1 boiler

2 outer shell of the boiler

3 bottom part

4 distance

5 inner shell of the boiler

6 space

7 plastic or polymer material

8 lid part

9 interior

10 active part

11 Jacket thickness of the inner boiler shell

12 Jacket thickness of the outer shell of the boiler

13 Inner surface of the inner shell of the boiler

14 Inner surface of the outer shell of the boiler

15 filler

16 stiffening

17 last

18 metal plate

19 edition

20 end bar

21 drainpipe

22 connecting pipe (heat exchanger)

23 electrical connections (feedthroughs)

24 insulating liquid (e.g., transformer oil)

25 welded joint

26 access hatch

27 hatch covers

28 rib

29 Opening

30 cooling line

Claims

A boiler for a liquid cooled transformer or reactor, comprising:

a) an outer boiler shell (2) with a bottom part

(3);

b) one from the outer shell of the boiler (2) at a distance

(4) enclosed inner shell shell (5), wherein the outer and the inner shell shell (2, 5) are formed of metal;

c) a plastic or polymer material (7), which in a space (6), bounded by the inner surface (14) of the outer shell shell (2) and the inner surface (13) of the inner shell shell (5) is introduced and this space (6 ) at least partially, wherein the plastic ^¬ or polymer material and its adhesion to the inner surfaces (13, 14) is designed so

d) that shearing forces are transmitted between the inner and outer shell of the boiler (2, 5), and e) that the transmission of structure - borne noise, which occurs in the

Operating case of one, in the interior (9) of the boiler arranged active part (10) is generated, between the inner boiler shell (5) and the outer shell of the boiler (2) is inhibited.

Boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the jacket thickness (11) of the inner boiler shell (5) is smaller than the jacket thickness (12) of the outer

Kesselmantels (7).

Kessel according to claim 2, characterized in that the jacket thickness (11) of the inner shell shell (5) is about half as thick as the shell thickness (12) of the outer

Kesselmantels (2) is.

4. Boiler according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized

characterized in that the distance (4) between the Inner surfaces (13,14) is selected in a range between 5 to 50 mm.

Boiler according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the intermediate space (6) a conduit (30) is arranged, which leads a cooling medium.

Boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that in the plastic or polymer material (7) a filler (15) is included, which has a lower compared to the plastic or polymer material (7) thermal resistance.

Boiler according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inner boiler shell (5) or the outer shell shell (2) closable openings

(29) for injection of the plastic or polymeric material

(7).

Boiler according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the inner shell of the shell (5) is formed of substantially flush abutting metal plates (18), the metal plates (18) being welded by welding to strips (17) which in turn on the inner surface (14) of the outer

Kesselmantels (2) are welded.

A method of manufacturing a boiler for a transformer or reactor comprising the steps of:

o producing a double-walled boiler, consisting of an outer boiler shell (2) and an inner boiler shell (5) spaced therefrom, wherein the inner and / or outer boiler shell (2, 5) at least several if necessary

has closable opening (29);

o introducing a plastic or polymer material through the opening (29).

10. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the production of the double-wall boiler is characterized by the order of the following method steps:

a) Make the outer shell of the boiler (2)

a metallic material;

b) producing the inner boiler shell (5), wherein in a first step on the inner surface (14) of the outer shell shell (2) metallic strips (17) or support body are welded, and in a first

Working step following second step on these strips (17) or supporting bodies metal plates (18) are welded.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that the metal plates (18) are arranged flush to each other lying flush.

12. The method of claim 10, 11 or 12, characterized in that the plastic or polymer material is injected through the openings (29) in an uncured state.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the by the two inner surfaces (14, 15) limited cavity is at least partially filled by plastic ^¬ or polymer material (7).

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that as the polymer material

Polyurethane elastomer is used.