WO2015110618A2

WO2015110618A2 - Variable-speed machine gearbox unit

Info

Publication number: WO2015110618A2
Application number: PCT/EP2015/051436
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ralf Martin Dinter
Original assignee: Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date: 2014-01-24
Filing date: 2015-01-26
Publication date: 2015-07-30
Also published as: WO2015110618A3; DE102014201324A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a variable-speed machine gearbox unit comprising a variable-speed electric machine (R) having a stator (1) and a rotor (2) and a speed modulation planetary gearbox (P) comprising a sun gear (P1), a ring gear (P2) and a planetary carrier (PS), in which gearbox planetary gears (PP) that mesh with both the sun gear (P1) and the ring gear (P2) are rotatably mounted. The machine (R) and the gearbox (P) are coaxially arranged in a housing (4) and form a single structural unit. The rotor (2) is non-rotatably connected to the planetary carrier (PS) or the ring gear (P2) and is mounted by means of same.

Description

description

Variable Speed Engine Transmission Unit The present invention relates to a variable speed engine transmission unit.

GB 1 305 393 A (WH Allen Sons & Co. Ltd.) 31.01.1973 be ^¬ writes a variable speed drive having a larger speed constant electric motor, a smaller variable speed electric motor and a three-shaft epicyclic. The two driving electric motors and an output shaft can be connected in any combination with each of the sun gear, the planetary carrier and the ring gear of the transmission.

DE 36 40 146 A1 (H.-G. Eckhardt) 01.06.1988 describes a variable-speed drive with a three-shaft planetary gear, the two drive shafts of which are connected to drive machines which are operated independently of one another. The one, variable speed, prime mover can also be operated as a generator.

US7494438B2 (Ebara Corp., JP) 24.02.2009, which is regarded as closest matching gender prior art, discloses a variable speed drive for a turbomachine, umfas ^¬ send a more powerful constant speed motor, a less powerful variable-speed motor and an excess storage planetary gear , The speed constant motor drives via a countershaft to a planet carrier of the transmission, while the variable-speed motor is rotatably coupled to a sun gear of the transmission. The ring gear of Ge ^¬ ^¬ ver drive is connected to the input shaft of the turbomachine.

It is an object of the invention to provide an improved transmission be ^¬ . The object is achieved by a variable-speed Ma ^¬ machine-transmission unit according to claim 1.

The variable-speed machine-gear unit comprises a variable-speed electric machine and a superimposed planetary gear. The machine includes a stator and a rotor. The transmission includes a sun gear, a ring gear and a planet carrier. In the planet carrier meshing with both the sun gear and the ring gear planet gears are rotatably mounted. In this case, the machine and the transmission are arranged coaxially as a unit in a common housing, i. the axis of rotation of the sun gear and the rotor coincide. The rotor is rotatably connected either to the planet carrier or to the ring gear. In addition, the rotor is mounted over the planet carrier or the ring gear, i. via the same transmission component with which it is rotatably connected. In other words, the rotor has no independent bearing relative to the housing, but it is rotatably mounted relative to the housing by means of the mounting of the planet carrier or the Hohlrad-.

By the term "electrical machine" such electrical ^¬ rule machines are meant, which, operated according to the operating point of the machine both as a motor and as a generator can be ben. The power flow is a motor or a generator depending on the operating point of the engine.

The common housing may be made of two or more components, such as e.g. Basic body, (bearing) cover, flanges, shields, be composed.

The present invention, in which an also "regulator" said variable-speed electric machine, such as, is integrated in a gear in ^¬ in particular ^¬ sondere in a variable speed drive comprising a constant speed electric motor and a variable-speed electric machine is used, has the Advantage that the thus formed inte ^¬ grated machine-gear unit or regulator-gearbox Unit in a simple way with a constant speed

Electric motor, in particular a standard electric motor, can be connected. A standard or standard electric motor is an electric motor that can be purchased in standard size "off the shelf", ie unlike a custom engine, such engines are also referred to as standard motor or catalog motor - due to the produced high numbers are standard motors usually less expensive than custom Sondermo ^¬ tors For example, Siemens AG in the Siemens catalog D 81.1, July 2011, order No. E86060-K5581-A111-A4 standard motors of the type "IEC squirrel-cage motors.. described "; This standard motor type includes the following series: 1LE, 1PC, ILA, 1LG, 1LP, 1PP.

The integration of the regulator into the transmission ei ^¬ ne compact design of the machine-gear unit is achieved. Compared with conventional solutions thus clutches between the variable-speed electric machine and the transmission can be omitted. The storage of rotating parts of the regulator will be taken over by components of the transmission, namely the planet carrier or the ring gear. Thus, according to the invention, the bearing of the regulator integrated into the transmission without significant structural complexity. It is suffi ^¬ accordingly to form the shaft of the ring gear or the planet carrier so that the rotor of the regulator can be arranged radially on the shaft. Accordingly, the housing must be designed so that the stator of the Regula ^¬ sector can be arranged on the housing so that the stator radially surrounds the rotor.

Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the electric machine is designed as an internal rotor torque motor ^¬ forms. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the transmission has exactly two drive shafts and exactly one

Output shaft on, and the machine is in relation to the Son ^¬ nenrad on the same side of the transmission as the

Output shaft or arranged on the opposite side.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the housing has a flange on an end face opposite the output shaft for mounting to a connecting flange of an electric motor, in particular a standard electric motor.

According to a preferred embodiment of the variable-speed machine-gear unit, the control of the rotational speed of the variable-speed electric machine by means of a frequency converter takes place.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the stator is rotatably connected to the housing.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the planet carrier is mounted with respect to the sun gear on both sides of the transmission or only on one side. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the planet carrier and the ring gear are mounted relative to each other, ie, the planet carrier and the ring gear are supported on each other. This has the advantage that an independent storage ^{¬ point} for supporting the respective rotating transmission component is dispensable on the housing; Thus, the structural on ^¬ wall is reduced for the housing. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sun shaft bearing shaft, the so-called. Sun shaft, relative to the planet carrier or the ring gear, depending on which of these two rotatable transmission components is rotatably connected to the rotor of the machine stored. The sun shaft is thus supported via bearings on the planet carrier or the ring gear. This has the advantage that a separate La ^¬ gerstelle for supporting the sun shaft on the housing is ent ^¬ compliant; Thus, the structural complexity of the housing is reduced.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is a variable-speed drive comprising a variable-speed machine-gear unit, as described above, and a constant-speed electric motor. In this case, the electric motor is either rotationally coupled to the sun gear or rotatably coupled to the planet carrier or the ring gear, depending on which of these two rotatable transmission components (planet carrier and ring gear) is not already rotatably connected to the rotor of the machine. During the drehzahlkon ^¬ stante electric motor is continuously operated motor, the variable speed electric machine of the rotational speed ^¬ moving machine-gear unit is working, depending on the operation point ^¬ as a motor or as a generator. The power flow is therefore depending on the operating point of the electric machine mo ^¬ toric or regenerative.

According to a preferred embodiment of the variable speed drive, the electric motor is arranged coaxially with the sun gear, i. the axes of rotation of the rotor of the electric motor and the sun shaft coincide.

According to a preferred embodiment of the variable-speed drive, the electric motor is a motor of an electric motor series, preferably a series of standard electric motors, and / or the variable-speed machine-gear unit is a variable-speed machine Gear unit from a series of drehzahlveränderli ^¬ Chen machine-gearbox units.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is a motor kit for variable speed drives, as described above. The kit comprises an electric motor series of constant-speed electric motors, in particular standard motors, and a series of variable-speed machine-gear units, the series of variable-speed machine-gear units comprising groups of two or more variable-speed machine-gear units suitable for combination with one constant-speed electric motor of the electric motor series.

For a cost-effective production and warehousing, it is advantageous to be able to build the various motors of a motor series with as many similar components on the modular principle. Thus, standard motors can be used to expand existing series.

In the following the invention with reference to several embodiment examples with the aid of the accompanying drawings, he explained. It shows

Fig. 1 is a concept of a conventional variable speed

Drive;

2 shows a concept of a variable-speed drive with a machine-gear unit according to the invention;

3 shows a first transmission diagram of a transmission contained in a machine-transmission unit; FIG. 4 shows a further transmission ^{diagram of a} transmission contained in a machine transmission unit; FIG. FIG. 5 shows a further transmission ^{diagram of a} transmission contained in a machine transmission unit; FIG.

FIG. 6 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a speed-variable machine-gear unit; FIG.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a machine-gear unit connected to an electric motor; Fig. 8 shows another embodiment of a Drehzahlver ^¬ änderliche Engine Transmission unit; and

Figs. 9 to 14

schematic representations of different types of variable-speed drives.

Fig. 1 shows a conventional variable speed drive comprising an electric machine R, an electric motor M and a three-wave superposition gear P. By means of the switch S, the electric machine R and the electric ^¬ motor M can be connected to an electrical voltage network N respectively. The electrical machine R can be operated by means of an inverter C variable speed. The electrical ^¬ R cal machine operates according to the operating point as a motor or as a generator, whereas the electric motor M functions as a motor speed constant. The electric machine R is rotatably coupled by means of a first drive shaft 5, the electric motor M by means of a second drive shaft 6 each with the Überlagerungsge ^¬ gear P. The superposition gear P can be connected by means of an output shaft 10 with a working machine. The drive of the transmission P is effected by the two drive shafts 5 and 6, wherein the first Antriebswel ^¬ le 5 can also feed back power to the variable-speed electrical machine R ^¬ , which then works as a generator.

An advantage of this variable speed drive, which is a more powerful constant speed electric motor with a lower-power variable-speed electric machine combined, compared to solutions with a single variable speed motor is that in comparison to the electric motor lower power electric machine of the variable speed drive can be operated with a much smaller inverter than the single-motor solution.

Fig. 2 schematically illustrates the present invention, in which the also called "regulator" variable speed electric ^¬ cal machine of the variable-speed drive is integrated into the transmission, so that formed in this way inte ^¬ grated variable-speed machine-gear unit, which with an electric motor of any size can be combined, represents a compact expansion module for a conventional electric ^¬ motor, with which this can be quickly and easily transformed into a variable speed drive.

The three-shaft superposition gear can be designed as a differential planetary gear. A differential planetary gear is characterized in that the three components sun gear, ring gear and planet ^carrier are rotatably ge ^{¬ bearings} ; In this case, meshing planet gears are rotatably mounted in the planet carrier both with the sun gear and the ring gear. In each case, two of the three components Son ^¬ nenrad, ring gear and planet carrier are driven, while the remaining component serves as an output. In the figures 3 to 5 different schemes of a differential planetary gear P are shown, which can be selected depending on the desired translation.

Fig. 3 shows a first transmission diagram of the planetary gear P, in which the planet carrier PS with the first drive shaft 7 of the planetary gear P and the sun gear PI is connected to the second drive shaft 8 of the planetary gear P. The planet PP mounted in the planet carrier PS mesh with the rotatably mounted ring gear P2, which is connected to the output shaft 10 of the planetary gear P. Fig. 4 shows another transmission ^scheme of Planetengetrie ^¬ bes P, in which the ring gear P2 with the first Antriebswel ^¬ le 7 of the planetary gear P and the sun gear PI is connected to the second drive shaft 8 of the planetary gear P. The planet carrier PS is connected to the output shaft 10 of the planetary gear P.

Fig. 5 shows another transmission scheme of the planetary gearing P, wherein the ring gear P2 is connected to the first Antriebswel ^¬ le 7 of the planetary gear P and the planet carrier PS with the second drive shaft 8 of the planetary gear P. The sun gear PI is connected to the output shaft 10 of the tarpaulin gear P ^¬ .

In all three transmission schemes described, the second drive shaft 8 of the planetary gear P can be connected to the drehzahlkon ^¬ constant motor M. The output shaft 10 of the planetary gear P forms a connection to a working machine. The first drive shaft 7 of the planetary gear P can be connected to the variable-speed electric machine, ie the regulator. As a result of the integration of the regulator and the gear unit into a structural unit, the first drive shaft 7 of the planetary gear P is thus integrated into the machine / gearbox unit.

6 shows a first ^exemplary embodiment of a speed-variable machine-transmission unit with the transmission diagram shown in FIG. 3, comprising a regulator R and a superposition gear P, the term "regulator" being synonymous with a variable-speed electric machine Depending on the operating point of the machine-gearbox combination, regulator R is operated by a motor or by a generator, as a rule the speed change of the variable-speed electric motor R is achieved by a converter.

The engine-transmission unit R, P is housed in a common housing 4. For the sake of simplicity, the Individual components of the housing 4, of which the housing is composed for reasons of mountability of the machine-gear combination, not shown in Fig. 6. The housing 4 has at its two opposite end faces each one ne shaft passage for a drive shaft 8 and a koa ^¬ xial to the drive shaft 8 arranged output shaft 10 on. At the transmission-side end of the drive shaft 8, a sun gear PI of the transmission P is arranged rotatably or the drive ^¬ shaft 8 is formed as a sun gear PI, while the

Output shaft 10 rotationally fixed with a rotatably mounted

Ring gear P2 of the transmission P is connected.

The gear housing 4 has the front side in each case a ring ^¬ shaped bearing stub 18, 20 for the implementation and storage of the drive shaft 8 and the output shaft 10. The bearing ^¬ lugs 18, 20 have receptacles or guide elements for first bearing LI, L2 and a shaft seal Dl the drive shaft 8 and second bearing L5, L6 and a shaft seal D4 of the output shaft 10 on.

The drive shaft 8 is mounted with the first bearings LI, L2 in the bearing neck 18 on the drive side of the machine-gearbox combination R, P. On the side facing away from the gear inside of the first bearing LI, L2, a seal Dl is arranged between the drive shaft 8 and the housing, which prevents dirt from entering the inside of the housing from the outside and escaping lubricant from the inside of the housing. The storage of the sun gear PI relative to the housing 4 thus takes place by means of the first bearing LI, L2.

In a constructed as the engine compartment first housing portion, the components of the regulator R are arranged: a fixed to the Ge ^¬ housing 4 stator 1 and a bearing supported on a planet carrier PS rotor 2. The spaced apart from the stator 1 by a ring-shaped air gap rotor 2 is via an elec ^¬ trical isolation IS rotatably on the planet carrier PS, also referred to as a web attached, which is rotatably mounted in the housing 4 by means of third bearing L3, L4. It is the The engine compartment R containing the electrical components stator 1 and rotor 2 is sealed by seals D2 and D3 with respect to the gear compartment P containing a lubricant. These seals D2, D3 are on the one hand on the outer periphery of a hollow shaft stub of the planet carrier PS and on the other hand on two annular ribs, which protrude from the inside of the housing 4.

The working space of the electric machine R and the transmission P are sealed against each other. In this way, the

Lubricant from gearbox P does not get to electric machine R. The positions of the seals may also differ from those shown in FIG. In an alternative embodiment of the engine / transmission unit it can be provided that a transmission lubricant such as transmission oil also serves as coolant, both for the transmission P and for the regulator R. For this purpose it can be provided that the seals D2 and D3, which seal the engine compartment R in relation to the lubricant-containing gear compartment P in FIG. 6, are dispensed with.

In a gear chamber formed as a second housing portion, the components of the planetary gear P angeord ^¬ net are. The planets mounted on the planetary carrier PS planetary axes PA planet PP mesh on the one hand with the

Sun gear PI and on the other hand with a ring gear P2. In this case, the planet carrier is mounted ge ^¬ gen PS on one side via a bearing against the housing 4 and L4 on the other side via a bearing L3, the ring gear P2. The ring gear P2 is connected to the

Output shaft 10 rotatably connected and stored on this in the second bearings L5, L6 in the transmission housing. On the side of the second bearings L5, L6 facing away from the regulator R, the seal D4 protects the gear chamber against the ingress of dirt or against the escape of lubricant.

By combining a variable-speed electric machine R with a standard electric motor M, the Scope of an existing series of standard electric motor M can be easily extended.

As an alternative to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, in which the regulator R is arranged on the left side of the transmission P, the regulator R can also be arranged on the opposite, right side of the transmission P.

As an alternative to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, in which the bearings L3, L4 of the planet carrier PS are arranged on both end sides of the planet wheels PP, the bearings L3, L4 of the planet carrier PS can also be arranged on the same end face of the planetary gears PP, i. either right or left.

It is also possible that the sun PI is supported relative to the plane ^¬ pinion carrier hp.

It is also possible that the planetary gear P is a transmission of the transmission schemes shown in Figs. 4 or 5.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic side view of a variable speed ^¬ drive M, R, P, with a variable-speed machine-gear unit R, P, for example, as shown in Fig. 6, which by means of a flange Fl, F2 with ei ^¬ nem speed constant standard electric motor M is connected. The housing 4 of the machine-gear unit R, P has two end faces 41, 42. On a front side 41 of the housing 4, a flange F2 is formed on which a flange Fl of the standard electric motor M is mounted.

Fig. 8 shows another embodiment of a speed ^¬ variable machine-gear unit with the transmission scheme shown in Fig. 4. With regard to the details, reference is made to the above explanation of FIG. 6, which applies here analogously, with the differences that in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 the rotor 2 is arranged fixed against rotation on the ring gear P2 and by means of the ring gear P2 with respect to the housing 4 is rotatably supported, and that carry the sun gear PI ^¬ de shaft 8 via the bearings LI, L2 is supported on a attached to the ring gear P2 hollow shaft stub. In addition, the shaft 8 carrying the sun gear PI is supported directly on the housing 4 via a further bearing L7.

Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of a variable speed drive with a three-wave superposition planetary gear in which the speed constant electric motor M with the sun gear PI, the rotor 2 of the variable-speed regulator with the planet carrier P2 and the output shaft 10 is rotatably coupled to the ring gear P2. The stator 1 of the regulator is rotatably mounted on the housing 4. The stator 1 and the rotor 2 of the regulator are arranged in relation to the sun gear PI on the same side as the electric motor M ^¬ .

Fig. 10 is a schematic representation of a variable speed drive with a three-wave superposition planetary gear in which the speed constant electric motor M with the sun gear PI, the rotor 2 of the variable speed regulator with the ring gear P2 and the output shaft 10 is rotatably coupled to the planet carrier PS. The stator 1 of the regulator is rotatably mounted on the housing 4. The stator 1 and the rotor 2 of the regulator are arranged in relation to the sun gear PI on the same side as the electric motor M ^¬ .

11 is a schematic representation of a variable speed drive with a three-wave superposition

Planetary gear in which the constant-speed electric motor M with the planet carrier PS, the rotor 2 of the variable-speed regulator with the ring gear P2 and the output shaft 10 is rotatably coupled to the sun gear PI. The stator 1 of the regulator is rotatably mounted on the housing 4. Of the

Stator 1 and the rotor 2 of the regulator are arranged with respect to the sun gear PI on the same side as the electric motor M ^¬ . -

Fig. 12 is a schematic representation of a variable speed drive with a three-wave superposition planetary gear in which the speed constant electric motor M with the ring gear P2, the rotor 2 of the variable speed regulator with the planet carrier PS and the output shaft 10 is rotatably coupled to the sun gear PI. The stator 1 of the re ^¬ gulator is rotatably mounted on the housing 4. The stator 1 and the rotor 2 of the regulator are arranged with respect to the sun gear PI on the opposite side of the electric motor M.

Fig. 13 is a schematic representation of a variable speed drive with a three-wave superposition planetary gear in which the speed constant electric motor M with the sun gear PI, the rotor 2 of the variable speed regulator with the ring gear P2 and the output shaft 10 is rotatably coupled to the planet carrier PS. The stator 1 of the regulator is rotatably mounted on the housing 4. The stator 1 and the rotor 2 of the regulator are disposed on the side opposite to the electric motor M with respect to the sun gear PI.

14 is a schematic representation of a variable speed drive with a three-wave superposition

Stator 1 and the rotor 2 of the regulator are arranged with respect to the sun gear PI on the opposite side of the electric motor M.

Claims

claims

1. Variable speed engine-transmission unit, comprehensive ^¬ send

- A variable speed electric machine (R) with egg ^¬ nem stator (1) and a rotor (2) and

- A superposition planetary gear (P) with a sun gear (PI), a ring gear (P2) and a planet carrier (PS), in which both with the sun gear (PI) and with the ring gear (P2) meshing planet gears (PP) rotatable are stored, wherein the machine (R) and the transmission (P) as a Bauein ^{¬ unit} in a common housing (4) are arranged coaxially,

characterized,

that the rotor (2) with the planet carrier (PS) or

Ring gear (P2) rotatably connected and stored above it.

2. Variable-speed engine-transmission unit according to claim 1, wherein the transmission (P) exactly two drive shafts (7, 8) and exactly one output shaft (10) and the Ma ^¬ machine (R) with respect to the sun gear (PI) on the same Be ^¬ te of the transmission (P) as the output shaft (10) or on the opposite side is arranged.

3. Variable speed engine transmission unit after

Claim 2, wherein the housing (4) on one of the output shaft (10) opposite end face (41) has a flange (F2) for mounting to a connecting flange (Fl) of an electric motor (M).

4. Variable-speed engine-gear unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the stator (1) with the housing (4) is rotatably connected.

5. Variable speed engine-gear unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the planet carrier (PS) with respect to the sun gear (PI) is mounted on both sides of the transmission (P) or only on one side.

6. Variable-speed engine-gear unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the planet carrier (PS) and the ring gear (P2) are mounted relative to each other.

7. Variable speed engine-gear unit according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the sun gear (PI) bearing shaft (8) relative to the planet carrier (PS) or the ring gear (P2), depending on which of these two rotatable transmission components ( PS, P2) is rotatably connected to the rotor (2) of the machine (R) is mounted.

8. Variable-speed drive comprising a variable-speed machine-gear unit according to one of claims to claims 1 to 7 and a constant-speed electric motor

(M), wherein the electric motor (M) with the sun gear (PI) or the planet carrier (PS) or the ring gear (P2), depending on which of these two rotatable transmission components (PS, P2) not with the rotor (2) the machine (R) is rotatably connected, is rotationally coupled.

9. variable speed drive according to claim 8, wherein the electric motor (M) coaxial with the sun gear (PI) is arranged.

10. Variable speed drive according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the electric motor (M) is a motor of an electric motor series, preferably a series of standard electric motors, and / or the machine (R) is an electrical machine from a series of electric machines.

11. Motor-construction kit for variable-speed drives according to one of claims 8 to 10, comprising an electric motor series of constant-speed electric motors (Ml, M2, M3, ···, Mn) and a series of variable-speed electric ^¬ cal machines (Rl, R2 , R3, Rn), whereby the series of variable-speed electrical machines (R1, R2, R3, Rn) groups of two or more speed-variable includes electrical machines (Rl, R2, R3), which are suitable for combination with a constant-speed electric motor (Ml) of the electric motor series.