WO2015149923A1

WO2015149923A1 - Training apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2015149923A1
Application number: PCT/EP2015/000665
Authority: WO
Inventors: Raja Dravid
Original assignee: Lungarella, Max
Priority date: 2014-03-31
Filing date: 2015-03-27
Publication date: 2015-10-08
Also published as: DE202014011013U1; DE102014004672A1; DE102014004672B4

Abstract

In a training apparatus with force-introducing means (18) which are movable when a training force is applied by the person training and which are under the influence of a resetting means (38) applying a counterforce to be overcome in order to move the force-introducing means (18), and with a feedback device (46) for control and feedback, effected by output means, of the training parameter generated by the person training, the resetting device (46) has at least one contraction unit (39a, 39b) with a contraction hose (40a, 40b) which, when its interior is exposed to fluid, experiences a longitudinal contraction, wherein the hose interior, in order to produce the counterforce, can be subjected to a working fluid that is at a working pressure above the atmospheric pressure, and wherein a control device (45) is provided for controlling the exposure of the contraction hose (40a, 40b) to fluid in accordance with at least one training parameter.

Description

exerciser

The invention relates to a training device with movable by the exercising person by applying a training force force introduction means, which are under the action of a force applied to move the force introduction means applying counter-force applying the return device, and with a feedback device for controlling and by means of issuing means of feedback from the of training person generated training size.

Such training devices have long been known. For example, crosstrainer or ergometers that are suitable for cardiovascular training are frequently to be found in fitness studios. Crosstrainer or ergometer have force introduction means in the form of pedals and / or hand levers, by means of which initiates the exercising person against a resistance force. The resistance is variable, for example in the case of an ergometer, the resistance when pedaling the pedals. Furthermore, such crosstrainer or ergometer on a feedback device with which can be controlled by the exercising person training size control, for example, in the case of an ergometer, the Watt number. Furthermore, it is also known to run stored training programs in which the resistance varies over the duration of the exercise program. These training However, programs are one-dimensional and run according to a certain pattern of resistance changes. From the person to be trained so is always a training program to select that she or possibly a coach for suitable. An analysis of the specific abilities of the exercising person is made neither before the start of the training nor during the training.

In the end, isolated, uniform patterns of movement occur in conventional exercise machines. While this approach does provide some maintenance or increase in muscle mass by increasing the performance of specific muscle groups, it neglects interaction between the human musculoskeletal system, intrinsic body information on strength, posture and movement, and extrinsic multisensory information about the training environment.

The object of the invention is to provide a training device of the type mentioned, which allows a holistic, realistic motivation-demanding training involving the cognitive abilities of the exercising person.

This object is achieved by a training device having the features of independent claim 1. Further developments of the inventions are shown in the subclaims.

The training device according to the invention is characterized in that the restoring device has at least one contraction unit with a contraction hose undergoing longitudinal contraction when fluid is applied to its inner space, wherein the inner space of the hose causes the opposing force to be at a working fluid below a working pressure above atmospheric pressure can be acted upon, and wherein a control device is provided for controlling the fluid loading of the contraction tube as a function of at least one training size.

Thus, the exerciser is capable of detecting, controlling, analyzing and responding to the posture of the exercising person and the exercise quantities generated by him / her by transmitting the exercise quantities generated by the contraction unit on the exercising person's musculoskeletal system the control device varies fluently. The generated training quantities include kinematic training variables and dynamic training variables. The training variables include, for example, the force, energy, power, speed with which the force introduction means are moved, the position of the trained body part of the exercising person, for example the knee angle of a knee or the bending angle of the trunk. Of course, combinations of training sizes mentioned above are conceivable.

An important aspect of the invention is that the exercise involves the cognitive abilities of the exercising person. The exercising person must therefore actively activate the body part to be trained in order to achieve the training goal. It trains the central nervous system as well as the periphalic nervous system. The training device thus enables a neuro-muscular training. The interaction between brain and body of the exercising person is promoted. The combination of strength, coordination and motor learning enables a comprehensive training, whereby the training device can be used in particular for the Neurore- habilitation. The fluid pressure of the contraction tube allows a continuous adjustment of the resistance. The system is also substantially free of inertia, so that the force introduction means respond directly to the exercising person or to the body part which acts on the force introduction means. The minimal inertia allows the exerciser a "freer" movement and thus simplifies or accelerates motor learning.

By the feedback device, the user receives feedback on the generated training size, which he then to achieve a training goal, which may be stored, for example in the form of a training program, according to activation of the trained body part, for example, increase the applied training force can vary. This variation can essentially be reproduced without delay with the contraction units. The feedback on the generated training size is essentially delay-free. There is a bidirectional interaction between the exercising person and the exerciser. Furthermore, the feedback device is used for diagnostics, for example for determining various types of power, coordination, symmetry, neuromuscular inequality between different parts of the body, for example left and right leg or the like.

In a particularly preferred manner, a processor or CPU is provided, on which various training programs can be called up and which is coupled to the control device via an interface. The training programs can be loaded and stored on the processor. Alternatively, the storage in a cloud would be conceivable. In the

The interface can be, for example, a wireless interface, for example infrared or radio interface. le act. However, a wired interface is also possible. The processor is expediently aboard the training device. However, it is also possible to use an external processor, which is for example part of an external computer, for example a laptop.

The training programs or the training software are those that involve the cognitive abilities of the exercising person and / or those that train reflexes without involving the brain of the exercising person. In particular, these are not training programs of this type, in which only the resistance is varied over the duration of the training program and this is to be understood by the exercising person, as is the case with ergometers or crosstrainers, for example, but the training programs require active involvement of cognitive skills. For example, it would be possible to use the force introduction means as a kind of control means, left-hand or left-handed force-actuating means operable by left arm or left leg to control left or alternatively right and right arm or right hand or right hand Leg operable right force application means for control to the right or alternatively to the left can be used. The active control of the exercising person thus takes place by actuating the correspondingly assigned force-introducing means and, in addition, by the intensity, for example more force or less force, of the generated exercise size. With these instruments, it is then possible, for example, to work through a training program in which changes of direction are important. In a development of the invention, the feedback device has measuring means for measuring the training variable generated by the exercising person. The measuring means may comprise sensors, in particular force sensors. Alternatively or additionally, it is possible to use displacement sensors which measure, for example, the length contraction of the contraction unit. It is also possible to form a force sensor by using an encoder, a pressure sensor and the mathematical model of the contraction unit.

Particularly preferably, the processor is set up to compare the training variable generated by the exercising person with a predetermined training task. From this a training result can be derived.

In a particularly preferred manner, the microcontroller has a comparator for comparing the current actual training size applied by the exercising person with a target training variable predetermined by the training program, the comparator having output means for outputting a deviation of the actual training variable from the target training variable. Training size is coupled. As a result, the exercising person receives feedback about the deviation of the actual training size from the target training size and therefore feedback on how far away it is from the training target, that is, for example, the target training variable. The actual / desired training variable can be, for example, an actual / desired position.

It is possible that the target training variable stored at a current time by means of a training program is an absolute value or a value range. If in the latter case, the actual training size in the tolerance field, the Feedback in the way that the training goal is achieved.

In a particularly preferred manner, the processor contains a diagnostic module with diagnostic software, via which qualitative statements about the training of the exercising person with regard to training quality, performance and progress can be made.

In one embodiment of the invention, the output means are designed as optical output means having a graphical user interface, wherein preferably the graphical user interface has a monitor, in particular a touch screen monitor.

In a particularly preferred manner, the monitor for displaying the currently running training program with a course of the target training size and a course of the actual training size and a measure of the deviation of the actual training size of the target training size is set up. The monitor can be set up, for example, to display training videos in which the trainee has to travel a video-visualized training course, which is optionally equipped with several changes of direction that can be generated by the force introduction means. Here, above all, the deviation and a measure of the deviation can be displayed so that the exercising person is informed at any time whether the training goal has been reached or not. As a measure of deviations, for example, a percentage can be displayed.

In a further development of the invention, the force-introducing means have two independently movable and coupled in each case with an associated contraction unit Pedals on. The fact that each pedal is coupled to a separate, associated construction unit, there is a decoupling of the pedals from each other. Therefore, not only unilateral but also asymmetric training protocols are possible. The pedals make it possible to train the leg and foot muscles as well as the lower trunk area in every imaginable way. Of course, it is also possible to use other force introduction means other than pedals, for example those which serve to activate the hip, the spine, the large spinal musculature or the shoulder girdle. When activating the front shoulder belt, hand levers can be used, for example, which are otherwise used in butterfly machines.

In a further development of the invention, the training device has a base frame on which the contraction units are mounted, which, on the other hand, are respectively coupled to the associated pedals via transmission means. The contraction units are therefore on the one hand am

Base frame and on the other hand suspended on the associated pedal.

In a particularly preferred manner, the transmission means are designed as transmissions, wherein preferably a lever gear is provided.

It is for example possible to equip the pedals with a pivotally mounted foot plate. Further, it is possible to provide a Pedalhubbegrenzer to limit the stroke of the pedal. It is possible to adjust the pedal stroke individually to the needs of the exercising person. For example, it is possible to provide an adaptive stop system driven by a motor, which is controlled by the control unit. device allows automatic and individual adjustment of the extent of movement (extension-diffraction).

In a further development of the invention, an adjustable base mounted on the base frame by means of adjustment is provided. Conveniently, the seat has a backrest whose inclination can be adjusted. Furthermore, the position of the seat with respect to the pedals along the base frame can be adjusted. Furthermore, a seat height adjustment is also provided. Thus, it is possible to adjust the optimum sitting position of the exercising person with respect to the pedals.

A preferred embodiment is shown in the drawing and will be explained in more detail below. The drawings show:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a preferred

Embodiment of the training device according to the invention,

FIG. 2 shows a further perspective representation obliquely from above of the exercise device according to the invention from FIG. 1,

Figure 3 is a further perspective view of the

Training device with view from the left,

Figure 4 is a side view of the training device of Figure 1 and

FIG. 5 shows a front view of the training device of FIG. 1. FIGS. 1 to 5 show a preferred exemplary embodiment of the training device 11 according to the invention. The training device 11 is explained below by way of example in the form of a training device for the strength or resistance training of the legs of a person exercising. Of course, the lower torso area as well as the cardiovascular system is also trained on the active use of the legs or feet of the exercising person. Furthermore, the reflexes and the involvement of the cognitive abilities can train the central and periphalic nervous system and thereby the motor skills of the exerciser.

The training device 11 has a base frame 12, on which a plurality of different functional units are arranged. The base frame 12 is expediently constructed of square tubes to a rectangular basic shape. The base frame is thus expediently made of four frame parts 13a-d fastened together in a rectangular shape. A front frame part 13a is provided, to which two transport rollers 14a, 14b are fastened at a distance from each other. The entire exercise device can be moved to another position via the transport rollers 14a, 14b. On the front frame part 13a is also a function module 15, which has a compressed air ^¬ interface with a compressed air connection 16 and an electrical interface, such as bus interface 17. Force introduction means 18, which are movable by the exercising person by applying a training force, are fastened to the upper side of the first frame part 13a in a manner which will be described in more detail below.

As shown in particular in FIGS. 2 and 3, two lateral frame parts 13b, 13c adjoin the front frame part 13a. Between the two lateral frame parts 13b, 13c is a cross member 19 which is connected on the one hand to one side and on the other side to the other side frame part 13b, 13c. The cross member 19 divides the base frame 12 into an active area 20 and a control area 21 between the front frame portion 13a and the cross member 19 parallel to the two side frame members 13b, 13c aligned guide rods 22 are arranged, on which a seat unit 23 is mounted linearly adjustable. The seat unit 23 comprises a guide carriage 24, which is penetrated by the guide rods 22.

On the guide carriage 24, a box-shaped seat support 25 is fixed, on which a seat 26 is adjustably mounted. The seat 26 includes a seat cushion 27, a backrest 28, a neck support 29 and a headrest 30. Further, on the backrest side guide elements, about which the exercising person undergoes lateral support or lateral guidance of the back. The seat 26 can be adjusted in height by means of adjusting means, which may for example comprise a crank 31. Furthermore, the distance of the seat unit 23 to the force introduction means 18 can be adjusted by the linear displacement of the guide carriage 24. It goes without saying that the design of the seat or the seat unit can also be carried out in other ways and the seat unit shown in Figures 1 to 5 is purely exemplary. Finally, the seat unit still includes a tilt adjustment, about which the inclination of the backrest or the inclinations of the neck support and the headrest are adjustable.

In the example case, the force introduction means 18 comprise two independently movable pedals 32a, 32b. As shown in particular in FIG. 5, the embodiment shown there comprises provided right pedal 32a a pedal lever 33a, which is rotatably connected by means of a bearing eye with a first output shaft 34a. The pedal lever 33a is embodied angularly and has a base portion 35a equipped with the bearing eye and a bearing portion 36a connected to the base portion 35a, in particular integrally attached thereto. On the bearing portion 36a, a foot plate 37a is pivotally mounted. The introduced by means of the foot training size of the exercising person is thus transmitted via the pedal lever to the output shaft 34a.

As particularly shown in Figure 5, the left pedal 32b is constructed similarly to the right pedal 32a. Also, the left pedal consists of a pedal lever 33b, which in turn has a base portion 35b and a bearing portion 36b. In contrast to the right pedal 32a, the pedal lever 33b of the left pedal 32b is integrally attached to a second output shaft 34b. The two output shafts 34a, 34b form a so-called shaft-in-shaft combination, wherein the diameter of the second output shaft 34b is so large that it receives the first output shaft in the interior. By appropriate bearings, a relative mobility of the two output shafts 34a, 34b guaranteed. The pedals 32a, 32b is associated with a stopper system 50, with which the

Pedal stroke of the pedals 32a, 32b, in particular the pedal lever 33a, 33b limit. In this case, the pedal stroke of the pedals 32a, 32b can be limited independently. In this case, each pedal 32a, 32b may be associated with a stopper. The Pedalhubbegrenzung is advantageously carried out via a stop to which the associated pedal lever 33a, 33b abuts. The An ^¬ impact is infinitely adjustable over the entire stroke of the pedal, creating a continuous Pedalhubbegrenzung will create ge ^¬. With the pedal stroke limitation, the freedom of movement of the trained body part of the exercising- limit the person in order to avoid damage due to excessive movement of the body part. One example is the pedal stroke limitation for limiting the knee angle, which avoids maximum extension and flexion of the knee, which is absolutely necessary, especially in persons after a cruciate ligament operation, to avoid damage to the knee.

The force introduction means 18 in the form of the pedals 32a, 32b are under the action of a rear part device 38 which applies a force to move the force - ie the pedals - to be overcome.

In the example case, the rear part device has two contraction units 39a, 39b, each of which has a contraction tube 40a, 40b undergoing fluid contraction by means of compressed air from its interior of the tube when subjected to fluid contraction. The tube interior of the contraction tube 40a, 40b is for generating the counterforce with a working fluid in the form of compressed air which is at a working pressure that is above atmospheric pressure

acted upon. The compressed air is fed via the function module 15 and the compressed air connection 16. As shown in particular in FIGS. 1 and 2, a contraction unit 39a, 39b is associated with each pedal 32a, 32b. The two contraction units 39a, 39b of the embodiment have an identical structure. They each have a contraction tube 40a, 40b extending between a first and a second end piece 41a, 41b, 42a, 42b, which is designed such that a pressurization of fluid by means of compressed air of its interior space causes a length contraction of the associated contraction unit 39a, 39b and thus a mutual contraction Approximation of the two end pieces 41a, 41b, 42a, 42b causes. The contraction tube 40a, 40b is composed in the embodiment of a rubber-elastic material existing hose body 43a, 43b and a coaxial to the hose body 43a, 43b, preferably in the wall of the hose body 43a, 43b at least partially embedded Zugfaseranordnung (not shown) together.

While the hose body 43a, 43b is responsible for the hermetic sealing of the hose interior bounded by the hose body 43a, 43b, the length contraction is decisively based on the tension fiber arrangement, which in the exemplary embodiment is composed of a plurality of high-tensile but simultaneously bendable fibers which form a Have cross-configuration, so that in the radial direction, a kind of grid structure results. If the inner space of the tube is subjected to a working fluid, for example compressed air, which is at a working pressure above atmospheric pressure, the grid angle within the Zugfaseranordnung and thus the inclination between the individual tensile fibers changes due to radial expansion, which ultimately causes the desired length contraction. When the working pressure is reduced, the contraction tube 40a, 40b stretches and the length of the contraction unit increases again.

Thus, as shown particularly in FIGS. 1 and 2, a first contraction unit 39a associated with the right foot lever and a second contraction unit 39b associated with the left foot lever are provided. The pedals 32a, 32b and their associated output shafts 34a, 34b are coupled via transfer means in the form of lever gears to the corresponding contraction units 39a, 39b. As shown particularly in FIG. 2, the outer contraction unit, that is to say the second contraction unit, is the one viewed from the front associated with the left end pedal 32b, with its first end 41b attached to a transmission lever 44b. The second end piece 42b is attached to the rear frame part 13d. As already mentioned above, the associated contraction tube 40b extends between the two end pieces 41b, 42b. In the state shown, the second contraction unit 39b, that is, the contraction tube 40b, is supplied with compressed air, resulting in a length contraction and thus a shortening, ie approximation, of the two end pieces 41b, 42b. By foot pressure of the exercising person on the left pedal can be on the output shaft and the transmission lever 44b of the contraction tube, overcoming a specific resistance back to its original position. This is the basis of the resistance training of this training device.

The first contraction unit 39a is also mounted with its first and second end piece 41a, 42a on the one hand on a transmission lever 44a and on the other hand on a rear frame part 13d. The mode of operation is identical to the second contraction unit.

An essential element of the invention is a control device 45 for controlling the fluid admission of the contraction tubes 40a, 40b as a function of the exercise size. The control device may, for example, comprise control hardware which is accommodated in the control region 21 of the base frame.

An essential element of the invention is a feedback device 46 for control and by means of output - with a successful feedback of the exercise size generated by the exercising person. The feedback device 46 comprises a processor which is on board the training device 11, for example, also in the control area 21, is housed. Various training programs can be called up on the processor, wherein the processor is coupled to the control device 45 via an interface. For example, a wireless transmission by means of infrared or radio between the processor and the control device 45 is suitable.

The feedback device comprises measuring means for measuring the training variable generated by the exercising person in the form of sensors. For example, it is possible to use force sensors that directly measure the force applied by the exercising person. Alternatively, however, distance measuring sensors could also be used which measure the change in length of the contraction tube.

The output means comprise an optical output in the form of a graphical user interface, which visualizes various training programs, results or information for the exercising person. In the example, a monitor 47, for example, a touch-screen monitor is provided, which is attached to a linkage, which in turn is also mounted on the front frame part 13a. The monitor 47 conveniently hangs in the field of vision of the exercising person. It is also possible to use a projector.

In order to ensure the best possible and effective training for the exercising person, it is first of all advisable to determine which focus the training should be placed on, ie, for example, building muscle, improving speed, training motor skills, reflexes or the like. Then, the optimal sitting position of the exercising person by appropriate change of Seat unit in position with respect to the pedals 32a, 32b, the seat height and the back tilt set.

Next, it is determined which training program is to be tailored to the specific needs of the exercising person. It is very important that the training program, which is already stored on the processor for example, includes the cognitive abilities of the exercising person. Purely by way of example, a training program in the form of a visualized on the monitor, for the exercising person in first-person perspective presented ski giant slalom in which the exercising person initiates the direction changes by the pedals. Thus, for a left direction change, it is necessary to operate the right pedal, while a right turn requires an actuation of the left pedal 32b.

The amount of change in direction is measured by the difference between the left and right pedal angle. In this case, the trainer must try to get around this goal in a Giant Slalom goal by correcting a turn to the left or right, and of course, driving around should be as close to the goal as possible. Through the feedback device, the exercising person immediately receives feedback about the success. It is possible, for example, to issue an error message if the gate is not properly bypassed, which may possibly be acoustically underlaid. Due to the fact that the processor has a comparator, the actual training variable, that is to say in the present case the extent of the change in direction is compared with a desired training variable predetermined by the training program, in the present case the ideal line, wherein the comparator with the output means for Output of a deviation is coupled. The deviation from the actual training size, for example actual line, from the target training variable, for example ideal line, can be displayed immediately, for example, for the exercising person in a percentage or a score, whereby in the latter case the deviation of the actual line from the ideal line increases is, the smaller the score is. Of course, the actual and ideal lines can also be visualized on the monitor.

Of course it is also possible to run completely different training programs. There are no limits here. For example, it is possible to insert a so-called feed-forward function, that is to first generate the training program in-situ, for example by first determining the abilities of the exercising person via the determination of the training amount applied via the pedals and thereby For example, a customized training program is created via a neural network. So it is possible to use a self-learning system.

Claims

claims

1. Exercise device having a force introduction means (18) which can be moved by the exercising person by applying an exercise force and which are under the action of a restoring device (38) to be overcome for moving the force introduction means (18), and with a feedback device (46). for checking and feedback of training variables generated by the exercising person by means of output means, characterized in that the rear part device (46) has at least one contraction unit (39a, 39b) with a contraction tube (40a, 40b) undergoing longitudinal contraction when fluid is applied to its inner tube in which the inner space of the hose can be acted upon by a working fluid which is at a working pressure above atmospheric pressure, and a control device (45) for controlling the fluid admission of the contraction hose (40a, 40b). is provided depending on at least one training size.

2. Training device according to claim 1, characterized in that a processor is provided, on which various training programs can be retrieved and which is coupled via an interface with the control device (45).

3. Training device according to claim 2, characterized in that the processor is on board the training device.

4. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that measuring means are provided for measuring the training variables generated by the exercising person.

5. Training device according to claim 4, characterized in that the measuring means comprises sensors, in particular force sensors.

6. Training device according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the processor is set up to compare the training size generated by the exercising person with a predetermined training task.

7. Training device according to one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the processor comprises a comparator for comparing the applied by the exercising person current actual training size with a training program predetermined target training size, wherein the comparator with the output means for outputting a Deviation of the actual training size from the target training size is coupled.

8. Training device according to claim 7, characterized in that the output means are designed as optical output means having a graphical user interface, wherein preferably the graphical user interface has a monitor (47), in particular a touch-screen monitor.

9. Training device according to claim 8, characterized in that the monitor (47) for displaying the currently running training program with a course of the target training size and a course of the actual training size and a measure of the deviation of the actual training size of the target training Training size is set up.

10. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the force introduction means have two independently movable and in each case with an associated contraction unit (39a, 39b) coupled pedals (32a, 32b).

11. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a base frame (12) on which the contraction units (39a, 39b) are mounted, on the other hand in each case in particular via the transmission means with the associated pedals (32a, 32b) are coupled.

12. Training device according to claim 11, characterized in that the transmission means are designed as a transmission, wherein preferably a lever mechanism is provided.

13. Training device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a seat unit (21) adjustably mounted on the base frame by means of adjusting means.

14. Training device according to one of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that a stopper system is provided for limiting the pedal stroke.