WO2016060762A1 - Method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving signals in a transportation system via surface waves over power lines - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving signals in a transportation system via surface waves over power lines Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016060762A1 WO2016060762A1 PCT/US2015/049932 US2015049932W WO2016060762A1 WO 2016060762 A1 WO2016060762 A1 WO 2016060762A1 US 2015049932 W US2015049932 W US 2015049932W WO 2016060762 A1 WO2016060762 A1 WO 2016060762A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- waveguide
- wire
- wave
- electromagnetic waves
- disturbance
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 62
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 claims description 180
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 180
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 110
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 64
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 64
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 64
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 60
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 40
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 37
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 33
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 22
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000000116 mitigating effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000013473 artificial intelligence Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003909 pattern recognition Methods 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012706 support-vector machine Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000711981 Sais Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006362 TeflonĀ® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005055 memory storage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013475 authorization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007175 bidirectional communication Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010267 cellular communication Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000293001 Oxytropis besseyi Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013528 artificial neural network Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013145 classification model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003066 decision tree Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012489 doughnuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001151 other effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002096 quantum dot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007723 transport mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006163 transport media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H04B5/28—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
- B61L27/70—Details of trackside communication
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
- H01Q1/46—Electric supply lines or communication lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
- H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
- H04B2203/5462—Systems for power line communications
- H04B2203/5466—Systems for power line communications using three phases conductors
Definitions
- the subject disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving signals in a transportation system.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a guided wave communications system in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a dielectric waveguide coupler in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a dielectric waveguide coupler in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a dielectric waveguide coupler in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a dielectric waveguide coupler and transceiver in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a dual dielectric waveguide coupler in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a bidirectional dielectric waveguide coupler in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a bidirectional dielectric waveguide coupler in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a bidirectional repeater system in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a waveguide coupling system in accordance with various aspects described herein
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a waveguide coupling system in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a flow diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a method for transmitting a transmission with a dielectric waveguide coupler as described herein.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a waveguide system in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIGs. 15A, 15B, 15C, 15D, 15E, 15F, and 15G illustrate example, non- limiting embodiments of sources for disturbances detectable by the waveguide system of FIG. 14 as described herein.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a system for managing a power grid communication system in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 17A illustrates a flow diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a method for detecting and mitigating disturbances occurring in a communication network of the system of FIG. 16.
- FIG. 17B illustrates a flow diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a method for detecting and mitigating disturbances occurring in a communication network of the system of FIG. 16.
- FIG. 18A illustrates an example, non-limiting embodiment for mitigating a disturbance detected by the waveguide system of FIG. 14 as described herein.
- FIG. 18B illustrates another example, non-limiting embodiment for mitigating a disturbance detected by the waveguide system of FIG. 14 as described herein.
- FIGs. 19A, 19B, and 19C depict block diagrams of example, non-limiting embodiments of a transportation system and components thereof in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIGs. 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D depict block diagrams of example, non- limiting embodiments of devices for delivering communication services to users of the transportation system in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 21 is a block diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a computing environment in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 22 is a block diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a mobile network platform in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 23 is a block diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a communication device in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- the backhaul network that links the communication cells (e.g., microcells and macrocells) to network devices of the core network correspondingly expands.
- an extended communication system that links base station devices and their distributed antennas is desirable.
- a guided wave communication system can be provided to enable alternative, increased or additional network connectivity and a waveguide coupling system can be provided to transmit and/or receive guided wave (e.g., surface wave) communications on a wire, such as a wire that operates as a single-wire transmission line (e.g., a utility line), that operates as a waveguide and/or that otherwise operates to guide the transmission of an electromagnetic wave.
- guided wave e.g., surface wave
- a waveguide coupler that is utilized in a waveguide coupling system can be made of a dielectric material, or other low-loss insulator (e.g., Teflon, polyethylene and etc.), or even be made of a conducting (e.g., metallic, non- metallic, etc.) material, or any combination of the foregoing materials.
- a dielectric material or other low-loss insulator (e.g., Teflon, polyethylene and etc.), or even be made of a conducting (e.g., metallic, non- metallic, etc.) material, or any combination of the foregoing materials.
- conducting e.g., metallic, non- metallic, etc.
- transmission media can include one or more of the following, either alone or in one or more combinations: wires, whether insulated or not, and whether single-stranded or multi-stranded; conductors of other shapes or configurations including wire bundles, cables, rods, rails, pipes; non-conductors such as dielectric pipes, rods, rails, or other dielectric members; combinations of conductors and dielectric materials; or other guided wave transmission media.
- an apparatus comprises a waveguide that facilitates propagation of a first electromagnetic wave at least in part on a waveguide surface, wherein the waveguide surface does not surround in whole or in substantial part a wire surface of a wire, and, in response to the waveguide being positioned with respect to the wire, the first electromagnetic wave couples at least in part to the wire surface and travels at least partially around the wire surface as a second electromagnetic wave, and wherein the second electromagnetic wave has at least one wave propagation mode for propagating longitudinally along the wire.
- an apparatus comprises a waveguide that has a waveguide surface that defines a cross sectional area of the waveguide wherein a wire is positioned outside of the cross-sectional area of the waveguide such that a first electromagnetic wave, traveling along the wire at least in part on the wire surface, couples at least in part to the waveguide surface and travels at least partially around the waveguide surface as a second electromagnetic wave.
- a method comprises emitting, by a transmission device, a first electromagnetic wave that propagates at least in part on a waveguide surface of a waveguide, wherein the waveguide is not coaxially aligned with a wire.
- the method can also include configuring the waveguide in proximity of the wire to facilitate coupling of at least a part of the first electromagnetic wave to a wire surface, forming a second electromagnetic wave that propagates longitudinally along the wire and at least partially around the wire surface.
- an apparatus comprises, in one or more embodiments, a waveguide having a slot formed by opposing slot surfaces that are non-parallel, wherein the opposing slot surfaces are separated by a distance that enables insertion of a wire in the slot, wherein the waveguide facilitates propagation of a first electromagnetic wave at least in part on a waveguide surface, and, in response to the waveguide being positioned with respect to the wire, the first electromagnetic wave couples at least in part to a wire surface of the wire and travels at least partially around the wire surface as a second electromagnetic wave for propagating longitudinally along the wire, and wherein the second electromagnetic wave has at least one wave propagation mode.
- an apparatus comprises, in one or more embodiments, a waveguide, wherein the waveguide comprises a material that is not electrically conductive and is suitable for propagating electromagnetic waves on a waveguide surface of the waveguide, wherein the waveguide facilitates propagation of a first
- the first electromagnetic wave couples at least in part to a wire surface of the wire and travels at least partially around the wire surface as a second electromagnetic wave, and wherein the second electromagnetic wave has at least one wave propagation mode for propagating longitudinally along the wire.
- One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes an apparatus having a waveguide that facilitates transmission or reception of electromagnetic waves along a wire surface of a wire of a power grid that also facilitates delivery of electric energy to devices.
- the apparatus can further include one or more sensors that facilitate sensing of a disturbance that is adverse to the waveguide, the wire, the transmission or reception of electromagnetic waves that propagate along the wire surface or waveguide surface, or any combination thereof.
- One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a method for transmitting, by an apparatus having a waveguide and a sensor, electromagnetic waves that propagate along a wire surface of a wire that facilitates delivery of electric energy to devices, and sensing, by the sensor, a disturbance that is adverse to the electromagnetic waves that propagate along the wire surface.
- One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a machine-readable (e.g., computer-readable, processor-readable, etc.) storage medium having executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations, including inducing with or via a waveguide, electromagnetic waves guided along a surface of a transmission medium, and collecting sensing data from a sensor, the sensing data associated with a disturbance that is adverse to the electromagnetic waves guided along the surface of the transmission medium.
- a machine-readable e.g., computer-readable, processor-readable, etc.
- One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes an apparatus having a processor and a memory.
- the processor can perform an operation of receiving telemetry information from a waveguide system coupled to a sensor, detecting from the telemetry information a disturbance that is adverse to one of operations of the waveguide system, the transmission or reception of the electromagnetic waves along the wire surface or the waveguide surface, or a combination thereof, and reporting the disturbance.
- the waveguide system can comprise a waveguide that can be positioned with respect to a wire of a power grid that facilitates delivery of electric energy to devices.
- the waveguide can also facilitate transmission or reception of electromagnetic waves along a wire surface of the wire, while the sensor can facilitate sensing disturbances adverse to electromagnetic waves.
- One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a method for receiving, by a network element comprising a processor, telemetry information from a waveguide system, determining, by the network element, a disturbance from sensing data included in the telemetry information, and transmitting, by the network element, instructions to the waveguide system to adjust a route of the electromagnetic waves to avoid or compensate for the disturbance determined.
- the waveguide system can facilitate transmission of electromagnetic waves along a wire surface of a wire of a power grid and sensing of disturbances adverse to the transmission or reception of the electromagnetic waves.
- One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a machine-readable (e.g., computer-readable, processor-readable, etc.) storage medium having executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations, including receiving telemetry information from an apparatus that induces electromagnetic waves on a wire surface of a wire of a power grid for delivery of communication signals to a recipient communication device coupled to the power grid, and detecting a disturbance from the telemetry information that is adverse to a delivery of the
- One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a method for transmitting, by a waveguide system, first electromagnetic waves on a surface of a transmission medium via a communications interface of the waveguide, and receiving, by the waveguide system, second electromagnetic waves propagating on the surface of the transmission medium.
- the transmission medium can be represented by a component of a passenger transportation system that enables transport of a vehicle of the passenger transportation system.
- One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a waveguide system having a waveguide that facilitates transmission or reception of electromagnetic waves that propagate along a surface of a component of a passenger transportation system, a memory that stores instructions, and a processor. Responsive to executing the instructions, the processor can perform operations including transmitting first
- One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a machine-readable device having instructions.
- the processor can perform operations including transmitting first electromagnetic waves that propagate on a surface of a component of a transit system, and receiving second electromagnetic waves that propagate on the surface of the component of the transit system.
- Various embodiments described herein relate to a waveguide coupling system for launching and extracting guided wave (e.g., surface wave communications that are electromagnetic waves) transmissions from a wire.
- guided wave e.g., surface wave communications that are electromagnetic waves
- transmissions can propagate as waves guided by a waveguide, such as a strip or length of dielectric material or other coupler.
- the electromagnetic field structure of the guided wave can be inside and/or outside of the waveguide.
- this waveguide When this waveguide is brought into close proximity to a wire (e.g., a utility line or other transmission line), at least a portion of the guided waves decouples from the waveguide and couples to the wire, and continue to propagate as guided waves, such as surface waves about the surface of the wire.
- a wire e.g., a utility line or other transmission line
- a surface wave is a type of guided wave that is guided by a surface of the wire, which can include an exterior or outer surface of the wire, or another surface of the wire that is adjacent to or exposed to another type of medium having different properties (e.g., dielectric properties).
- a surface of the wire that guides a surface wave can represent a transitional surface between two different types of media.
- the surface of the wire can be the outer or exterior conductive surface of the bare or uninsulated wire that is exposed to air or free space.
- the surface of the wire can be the conductive portion of the wire that meets the insulator portion of the wire, or can otherwise be the insulator surface of the wire that is exposed to air or free space, or can otherwise be any material region between the insulator surface of the wire and the conductive portion of the wire that meets the insulator portion of the wire, depending upon the relative differences in the properties (e.g., dielectric properties) of the insulator, air, and/or the conductor and further dependent on the frequency and propagation mode or modes of the guided wave.
- properties e.g., dielectric properties
- guided waves such as surface waves can be contrasted with radio transmissions over free space / air or conventional propagation of electrical power or signals through the conductor of the wire.
- conventional electrical power or signals can still propagate or be transmitted through the conductor of the wire, while guided waves (including surface waves and other electromagnetic waves) can propagate or be transmitted about the surface of the wire, according to an example embodiment.
- a surface wave can have a field structure (e.g., an electromagnetic field structure) that lies primarily or substantially outside of the line, wire, or transmission medium that serves to guide the surface wave.
- the electromagnetic waves traveling along the wire and around the outer surface of the wire are induced by other
- the inducement of the electromagnetic waves can be independent of any electrical potential, charge or current that is injected or otherwise transmitted through the wires as part of an electrical circuit. It is to be appreciated that while a small current in the wire may be formed in response to the propagation of the electromagnetic wave along the wire, this can be due to the propagation of the electromagnetic wave along the wire surface, and is not formed in response to electrical potential, charge or current that is injected into the wire as part of an electrical circuit.
- the electromagnetic waves traveling on the wire therefore do not require a circuit to propagate along the wire surface.
- the wire therefore is a single wire transmission line that is not part of a circuit. Also, in some embodiments, a wire is not necessary, and the electromagnetic waves can propagate along a single line transmission medium that is not a wire.
- the term "about" a wire used in conjunction with a guided wave can include fundamental wave propagation modes and other guided waves having a circular or substantially circular field distribution (e.g., electric field, magnetic field, electromagnetic field, etc.) at least partially around a wire or other transmission medium.
- a guided wave e.g., surface wave
- a circular or substantially circular field distribution e.g., electric field, magnetic field, electromagnetic field, etc.
- a guided wave when it propagates "about" a wire or other transmission medium, it can do so according to a wave propagation mode that includes not only the fundamental wave propagation modes (e.g., zero order modes), but additionally or alternatively other non-fundamental wave propagation modes such as higher-order guided wave modes (e.g., 1 st order modes, 2 nd order modes, etc.), asymmetrical modes and/or other guided (e.g., surface) waves that have non-circular field distributions around a wire or other transmission medium.
- fundamental wave propagation modes e.g., zero order modes
- other non-fundamental wave propagation modes such as higher-order guided wave modes (e.g., 1 st order modes, 2 nd order modes, etc.), asymmetrical modes and/or other guided (e.g., surface) waves that have non-circular field distributions around a wire or other transmission medium.
- such non-circular field distributions can be unilateral or multilateral with one or more axial lobes characterized by relatively higher field strength and/or one or more nulls or null regions characterized by relatively low-field strength, zero-field strength or substantially zero field strength.
- the field distribution can otherwise vary as a function of a longitudinal axial orientation around the wire such that one or more regions of axial orientation around the wire have an electric or magnetic field strength (or combination thereof) that is higher than one or more other regions of axial orientation, according to an example embodiment.
- the relative positions of the wave higher order modes or asymmetrical modes can vary as the guided wave travels along the wire.
- Guided wave communication system 100 depicts an exemplary environment in which a dielectric waveguide coupling system can be used.
- Guided wave communication system 100 can comprise a first instance of a distributed system 150 that includes one or more base station devices (e.g., base station device 104) that are communicably coupled to a central office lOland/or a macrocell site 102 .
- Base station device 104 can be connected by a wired (e.g., fiber and/or cable), or by a wireless (e.g., microwave wireless) connection to the macrocell site 102 and the central office 101.
- a second instance of the distributed system 160 can be used to provide wireless voice and data services to mobile device 122 and to residential and/or commercial establishments 142 (herein referred to as establishments 142).
- System 100 can have additional instances of the distribution systems 150 and 160 for providing voice and/or data services to mobile devices 122-124 and establishments 142 as shown in FIG. 1.
- Macrocells such as macrocell site 102 can have dedicated connections to the mobile network and base station device 104 can share and/or otherwise use macrocell site 102's connection.
- Central office 101 can be used to distribute media content and/or provide internet service provider (ISP) services to mobile devices 122-124 and establishments 142.
- ISP internet service provider
- the central office 101 can receive media content from a
- the central office 101 can also be communicatively coupled to the Internet 103 for providing internet data services to mobile devices 122-124 and establishments 142.
- Base station device 104 can be mounted on, or attached to, utility pole 116. In other embodiments, base station device 104 can be near transformers and/or other locations situated nearby a power line. Base station device 104 can facilitate connectivity to a mobile network for mobile devices 122 and 124. Antennas 112 and 114, mounted on or near utility poles 118 and 120, respectively, can receive signals from base station device 104 and transmit those signals to mobile devices 122 and 124 over a much wider area than if the antennas 112 and 114 were located at or near base station device 104.
- FIG. 1 displays three utility poles, in each instance of the distribution systems 150 and 160, with one base station device, for purposes of simplicity.
- utility pole 116 can have more base station devices, and more utility poles with distributed antennas and/or tethered connections to establishments 142.
- a dielectric waveguide coupling device 106 can transmit the signal from base station device 104 to antennas 112 and 114 via utility or power line(s) that connect the utility poles 116, 118, and 120.
- radio source and/or coupler 106 upconverts the signal (e.g., via frequency mixing) from base station device 104 or otherwise converts the signal from the base station device 104 to a millimeter- wave band signal and the dielectric waveguide coupling device 106 launches a millimeter- wave band wave that propagates as a guided wave (e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave) traveling along the utility line or other wire.
- a guided wave e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave
- another dielectric waveguide coupling device 108 receives the guided wave (and optionally can amplify it as needed or desired or operate as a digital repeater to receive it and regenerate it) and sends it forward as a guided wave (e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave) on the utility line or other wire.
- the dielectric waveguide coupling device 108 can also extract a signal from the millimeter-wave band guided wave and shift it down in frequency or otherwise convert it to its original cellular band frequency (e.g., 1.9 GHz or other defined cellular frequency) or another cellular (or non-cellular) band frequency.
- An antenna 112 can transmit (e.g., wirelessly transmit) the downshifted signal to mobile device 122. The process can be repeated by dielectric waveguide coupling device 110, antenna 114 and mobile device 124, as necessary or desirable.
- Transmissions from mobile devices 122 and 124 can also be received by antennas 112 and 114 respectively.
- Repeaters on dielectric waveguide coupling devices 108 and 110 can upshift or otherwise convert the cellular band signals to millimeter- wave band and transmit the signals as guided wave (e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave) transmissions over the power line(s) to base station device 104.
- guided wave e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave
- Media content received by the central office 101 can be supplied to the second instance of the distribution system 160 via the base station device 104 for distribution to mobile devices 122 and establishments 142.
- the dielectric waveguide coupling device 110 can be tethered to the establishments 142 by one or more wired connections or a wireless interface.
- the one or more wired connections may include without limitation, a power line, a coaxial cable, a fiber cable, a twisted pair cable, or other suitable wired mediums for distribution of media content and/or for providing internet services.
- the wired connections from the waveguide coupling device 110 can be communicatively coupled to one or more very high bit rate digital subscriber line (VDSL) modems located at one or more corresponding service area interfaces (SAIs - not shown), each SAI providing services to a portion of the establishments 142.
- VDSL modems can be used to selectively distribute media content and/or provide internet services to gateways (not shown) located in the establishments 142.
- the SAIs can also be communicatively coupled to the establishments 142 over a wired medium such as a power line, a coaxial cable, a fiber cable, a twisted pair cable, or other suitable wired mediums.
- the waveguide coupling device 110 can be communicatively coupled directly to establishments 142 without intermediate interfaces such as the SAIs.
- system 100 can employ diversity paths, where two or more utility lines or other wires are strung between the utility poles 116, 118, and 120 (e.g., for example, two or more wires between poles 116 and 120) and redundant transmissions from base station 104 are transmitted as guided waves down the surface of the utility lines or other wires.
- the utility lines or other wires can be either insulated or uninsulated, and depending on the environmental conditions that cause transmission losses, the coupling devices can selectively receive signals from the insulated or uninsulated utility lines or other wires. The selection can be based on measurements of the signal-to-noise ratio of the wires, or based on determined weather/environmental conditions (e.g., moisture detectors, weather forecasts, etc.).
- the use of diversity paths with system 100 can enable alternate routing capabilities, load balancing, increased load handling, concurrent bi-directional or synchronous
- dielectric waveguide coupling devices 106, 108, and 110 in FIG. 1 are by way of example only, and that in other embodiments, other uses are possible.
- dielectric waveguide coupling devices can be used in a backhaul communication system, providing network connectivity to base station devices.
- Dielectric waveguide coupling devices can be used in many circumstances where it is desirable to transmit guided wave communications over a wire, whether insulated or not insulated.
- Dielectric waveguide coupling devices are improvements over other coupling devices due to no contact or limited physical and/or electrical contact with the wires that may carry high voltages.
- the apparatus can be located away from the wire (e.g., spaced apart from the wire) and/or located on the wire so long as it is not electrically in contact with the wire, as the dielectric acts as an insulator, allowing for cheap, easy, and/or less complex installation.
- conducting or non-dielectric couplers can be employed, for example in configurations where the wires correspond to a telephone network, cable television network, broadband data service, fiber optic communications system or other network employing low voltages or having insulated transmission lines.
- base station device 104 and macrocell site 102 are illustrated in an embodiment, other network configurations are likewise possible.
- devices such as access points or other wireless gateways can be employed in a similar fashion to extend the reach of other networks such as a wireless local area network, a wireless personal area network or other wireless network that operates in accordance with a communication protocol such as a 802.11 protocol, WIMAX protocol, UltraWideband protocol, Bluetooth protocol, Zigbee protocol or other wireless protocol.
- System 200 comprises a dielectric waveguide 204 that has a wave 206 propagating as a guided wave about a waveguide surface of the dielectric waveguide 204.
- the dielectric waveguide 204 is curved, and at least a portion of the waveguide 204 can be placed near a wire 202 in order to facilitate coupling between the waveguide 204 and the wire 202, as described herein.
- the dielectric waveguide 204 can be placed such that a portion of the curved dielectric waveguide 204 is parallel or substantially parallel to the wire 202.
- the portion of the dielectric waveguide 204 that is parallel to the wire can be an apex of the curve, or any point where a tangent of the curve is parallel to the wire 202.
- the wave 206 travelling along the dielectric waveguide 204 couples, at least in part, to the wire 202, and propagates as guided wave 208 around or about the wire surface of the wire 202 and longitudinally along the wire 202.
- the guided wave 208 can be characterized as a surface wave or other electromagnetic wave, although other types of guided waves 208 can supported as well without departing from example embodiments.
- a portion of the wave 206 that does not couple to the wire 202 propagates as wave 210 along the dielectric waveguide 204.
- the dielectric waveguide 204 can be configured and arranged in a variety of positions in relation to the wire 202 to achieve a desired level of coupling or non-coupling of the wave 206 to the wire 202.
- the curvature and/or length of the dielectric waveguide 2014 that is parallel or substantially parallel, as well as its separation distance (which can include zero separation distance in an embodiment), to the wire 202 can be varied without departing for example embodiments.
- the arrangement of dielectric waveguide 204 in relation to the wire 202 may be varied based upon considerations of the respective intrinsic characteristics (e.g., thickness, composition, electromagnetic properties, etc.) of the wire 202 and the dielectric waveguide 204, as well as the characteristics (e.g., frequency, energy level, etc.) of the waves 206 and 208.
- the respective intrinsic characteristics e.g., thickness, composition, electromagnetic properties, etc.
- the characteristics e.g., frequency, energy level, etc.
- the guided wave 208 stays parallel or substantially parallel to the wire 202, even as the wire 202 bends and flexes. Bends in the wire 202 can increase transmission losses, which are also dependent on wire diameters, frequency, and materials. If the dimensions of the dielectric waveguide 204 are chosen for efficient power transfer, most of the power in the wave 206 is transferred to the wire 202, with little power remaining in wave 210. It will be appreciated that the guided wave 208 can still be multi-modal in nature (discussed herein), including having modes that are non-fundamental or asymmetric, while traveling along a path that is parallel or substantially parallel to the wire 202, with or without a fundamental transmission mode. In an embodiment, non- fundamental or asymmetric modes can be utilized to minimize transmission losses and/or obtain increased propagation distances.
- parallel is generally a geometric construct which often is not exactly achievable in real systems. Accordingly, the term parallel as utilized in the subject disclosure represents an approximation rather than an exact configuration when used to describe embodiments disclosed in the subject disclosure. In an embodiment, substantially parallel can include approximations that are within 30 degrees of true parallel in all dimensions.
- the wave 206 can exhibit one or more wave propagation modes.
- the dielectric waveguide modes can be dependent on the shape and/or design of the waveguide 204.
- the one or more dielectric waveguide modes of wave 206 can generate, influence, or impact one or more wave propagation modes of the guided wave 208 propagating along wire 202.
- the wave propagation modes on the wire 202 can be similar to the dielectric waveguide modes since both waves 206 and 208 propagate about the outside of the dielectric waveguide 204 and wire 202 respectively.
- the modes can change form, or new modes can be created or generated, due to the coupling between the dielectric waveguide 204 and the wire 202.
- differences in size, material, and/or impedances of the dielectric waveguide 204 and wire 202 may create additional modes not present in the dielectric waveguide modes and/or suppress some of the dielectric waveguide modes.
- the wave propagation modes can comprise the fundamental transverse electromagnetic mode (Quasi-TEM 0 o), where only small electric and/or magnetic fields extend in the direction of propagation, and the electric and magnetic fields extend radially outwards while the guided wave propagates along the wire.
- This guided wave mode can be donut shaped, where few of the electromagnetic fields exist within the dielectric waveguide 204 or wire 202.
- Waves 206 and 208 can comprise a fundamental TEM mode where the fields extend radially outwards, and also comprise other, non-fundamental (e.g., asymmetric, higher-level, etc.) modes. While particular wave propagation modes are discussed above, other wave propagation modes are likewise possible such as transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes, based on the frequencies employed, the design of the dielectric waveguide 204, the dimensions and composition of the wire 202, as well as its surface characteristics, its optional insulation, the electromagnetic properties of the surrounding environment, etc.
- TE transverse electric
- TM transverse magnetic
- guided wave 208 can travel along the conductive surface of an oxidized uninsulated wire, an unoxidized uninsulated wire, an insulated wire and/or along the insulating surface of an insulated wire.
- a diameter of the dielectric waveguide 204 is smaller than the diameter of the wire 202.
- the dielectric waveguide 204 supports a single waveguide mode that makes up wave 206. This single waveguide mode can change as it couples to the wire 202 as surface 208. If the dielectric waveguide 204 were larger, more than one waveguide mode can be supported, but these additional waveguide modes may not couple to the wire 202 as efficiently, and higher coupling losses can result.
- the diameter of the dielectric waveguide 204 can be equal to or larger than the diameter of the wire 202, for example, where higher coupling losses are desirable or when used in conjunction with other techniques to otherwise reduce coupling losses (e.g., impedance matching with tapering, etc.).
- the wavelength of the waves 206 and 208 are comparable in size, or smaller than a circumference of the dielectric waveguide 204 and the wire 202.
- the wire 202 has a diameter of 0.5 cm, and a corresponding
- the wavelength of the transmission is around 1.5 cm or less, corresponding to a frequency of 20 GHz or greater.
- a suitable frequency of the transmission and the carrier-wave signal is in the range of 30 - 100 GHz, perhaps around 30-60 GHz, and around 38 GHz in one example.
- the waves 206 and 208 can exhibit multiple wave propagation modes including fundamental and/or non- fundamental (symmetric and/or asymmetric) modes that propagate over sufficient distances to support various communication systems described herein.
- the waves 206 and 208 can therefore comprise more than one type of electric and magnetic field configuration.
- the electrical and magnetic field configurations will remain the same from end to end of the wire 202.
- the electric and magnetic field configurations can change as the guided wave 208 propagates down wire 202.
- the dielectric waveguide 204 can be composed of nylon, Teflon, polyethylene, a polyamide, or other plastics. In other embodiments, other dielectric materials are possible.
- the wire surface of wire 202 can be metallic with either a bare metallic surface, or can be insulated using plastic, dielectric, insulator or other sheathing.
- a dielectric or otherwise non-conducting/insulated waveguide can be paired with either a bare/metallic wire or insulated wire.
- a metallic and/or conductive waveguide can be paired with a bare/metallic wire or insulated wire.
- an oxidation layer on the bare metallic surface of the wire 202 can also provide insulating or dielectric properties similar to those provided by some insulators or sheathings.
- wave 206, 208 and 210 are presented merely to illustrate the principles that wave 206 induces or otherwise launches a guided wave 208 on a wire 202 that operates, for example, as a single wire transmission line.
- Wave 210 represents the portion of wave 206 that remains on the dielectric waveguide 204 after the generation of guided wave 208.
- the actual electric and magnetic fields generated as a result of such wave propagation may vary depending on the frequencies employed, the particular wave propagation mode or modes, the design of the dielectric waveguide 204, the dimensions and composition of the wire 202, as well as its surface characteristics, its optional insulation, the electromagnetic properties of the surrounding environment, etc.
- dielectric waveguide 204 can include a termination circuit or damper 214 at the end of the dielectric waveguide 204 that can absorb leftover radiation or energy from wave 210.
- the termination circuit or damper 214 can prevent and/or minimize the leftover radiation or energy from wave 210 reflecting back toward transmitter circuit 212.
- the termination circuit or damper 214 can include termination resistors, and/or other components that perform impedance matching to attenuate reflection.
- the coupling efficiencies are high enough, and/or wave 210 is sufficiently small, it may not be necessary to use a termination circuit or damper 214.
- these transmitter and termination circuits or dampers 212 and 214 are not depicted in the other figures, but in those embodiments, transmitter and termination circuits or dampers may possibly be used.
- a single dielectric waveguide 204 that generates a single guided wave 208
- multiple dielectric waveguides 204 placed at different points along the wire 202 and/or at different axial orientations about the wire can be employed to generate and receive multiple guided waves 208 at the same or different frequencies, at the same or different phases, at the same or different wave propagation modes.
- the guided wave or waves 208 can be modulated to convey data via a modulation technique such as phase shift keying, frequency shift keying, quadrature amplitude modulation, amplitude modulation, multi-carrier modulation and via multiple access techniques such as frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, code division
- multiplexing multiplexing via differing wave propagation modes and via other modulation and access strategies.
- System 300 comprises a dielectric waveguide 304 and a wire 302 that has a wave 306 propagating as a guided wave about a wire surface of the wire 302.
- the wave 306 can be characterized as a surface wave or other electromagnetic wave.
- the dielectric waveguide 304 is curved or otherwise has a curvature, and can be placed near a wire 302 such that a portion of the curved dielectric waveguide 304 is parallel or substantially parallel to the wire 302.
- the portion of the dielectric waveguide 304 that is parallel to the wire can be an apex of the curve, or any point where a tangent of the curve is parallel to the wire 302.
- the guided wave 306 travelling along the wire 302 can couple to the dielectric waveguide 304 and propagate as guided wave 308 about the dielectric waveguide 304.
- a portion of the guided wave 306 that does not couple to the dielectric waveguide 304 propagates as guided wave 310 (e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave) along the wire 302.
- the guided waves 306 and 308 stay parallel to the wire 302 and dielectric waveguide 304, respectively, even as the wire 302 and dielectric waveguide 304 bend and flex. Bends can increase transmission losses, which are also dependent on wire diameters, frequency, and materials. If the dimensions of the dielectric waveguide 304 are chosen for efficient power transfer, most of the energy in the guided wave 306 is coupled to the dielectric waveguide 304 and little remains in guided wave 310.
- a receiver circuit can be placed on the end of waveguide 304 in order to receive wave 308.
- a termination circuit can be placed on the opposite end of the waveguide 304 in order to receive guided waves traveling in the opposite direction to guided wave 306 that couple to the waveguide 304. The termination circuit would thus prevent and/or minimize reflections being received by the receiver circuit. If the reflections are small, the termination circuit may not be necessary.
- the dielectric waveguide 304 can be configured such that selected polarizations of the surface wave 306 are coupled to the dielectric waveguide 304 as guided wave 308.
- guided wave 306 is made up of guided waves or wave propagation modes with respective polarizations
- dielectric waveguide 304 can be configured to receive one or more guided waves of selected polarization(s).
- Guided wave 308 that couples to the dielectric waveguide 304 is thus the set of guided waves that correspond to one or more of the selected polarization(s), and further guided wave 310 can comprise the guided waves that do not match the selected polarization(s).
- the dielectric waveguide 304 can be configured to receive guided waves of a particular polarization based on an angle/rotation around the wire 302 that the dielectric waveguide 304 is placed. For instance, if the guided wave 306 is polarized horizontally, most of the guided wave 306 transfers to the dielectric waveguide as wave 308. As the dielectric waveguide 304 is rotated 90 degrees around the wire 302, though, most of the energy from guided wave 306 would remain coupled to the wire as guided wave 310, and only a small portion would couple to the wire 302 as wave 308.
- waves 306, 308, and 310 are shown using three circular symbols in FIG. 3 and in other figures in the specification. These symbols are used to represent a general guided wave, but do not imply that the waves 306, 308, and 310 are necessarily circularly polarized or otherwise circularly oriented.
- waves 306, 308, and 310 can comprise a fundamental TEM mode where the fields extend radially outwards, and also comprise other, non-fundamental (e.g. higher-level, etc.) modes. These modes can be asymmetric (e.g., radial, bilateral, trilateral, quadrilateral, etc,) in nature as well.
- guided wave communications over wires can be full duplex, allowing simultaneous communications in both directions. Waves traveling one direction can pass through waves traveling in an opposite direction. Electromagnetic fields may cancel out at certain points and for short times due to the superposition principle as applied to waves. The waves traveling in opposite directions propagate as if the other waves did't there, but the composite effect to an observer may be a stationary standing wave pattern. As the guided waves pass through each other and are no longer in a state of superposition, the interference subsides. As a guided wave (e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave) couples to a waveguide and move away from the wire, any interference due to other guided waves (e.g., surface waves or other electromagnetic wave) decreases.
- a guided wave e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave
- guided wave 306 e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave
- another guided wave e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave
- guided wave 306 couples to dielectric waveguide 304 as wave 308, and moves away from the wire 302, any interference due to the passing guided wave subsides.
- guided wave 306 induces or otherwise launches a wave 308 on a dielectric waveguide 304.
- Guided wave 310 represents the portion of guided wave 306 that remains on the wire 302 after the generation of wave 308.
- the actual electric and magnetic fields generated as a result of such guided wave propagation may vary depending on one or more of the shape and/or design of the dielectric waveguide, the relative position of the dielectric waveguide to the wire, the frequencies employed, the design of the dielectric waveguide 304, the dimensions and composition of the wire 302, as well as its surface characteristics, its optional insulation, the electromagnetic properties of the surrounding environment, etc.
- System 400 comprises a dielectric waveguide 404 that has a wave 406 propagating as a guided wave about a waveguide surface of the dielectric waveguide 404.
- the dielectric waveguide 404 is curved, and an end of the dielectric waveguide 404 can be tied, fastened, or otherwise mechanically coupled to a wire 402.
- the end of the dielectric waveguide 404 is fastened to the wire 402
- the end of the dielectric waveguide 404 is parallel or substantially parallel to the wire 402.
- another portion of the dielectric waveguide beyond an end can be fastened or coupled to wire 402 such that the fastened or coupled portion is parallel or
- the coupling device 410 can be a nylon cable tie or other type of non-conducting/dielectric material that is either separate from the dielectric waveguide 404 or constructed as an integrated component of the dielectric waveguide 404.
- the dielectric waveguide 404 can be adjacent to the wire 402 without surrounding the wire 402.
- the guided wave 406 travelling along the dielectric waveguide 404 couples to the wire 402, and propagates as guided wave 408 about the wire surface of the wire 402.
- the guided wave 408 can be characterized as a surface wave or other electromagnetic wave.
- wave 406 and 408 are presented merely to illustrate the principles that wave 406 induces or otherwise launches a guided wave 408 on a wire 402 that operates, for example, as a single wire transmission line.
- the actual electric and magnetic fields generated as a result of such wave propagation may vary depending on one or more of the shape and/or design of the dielectric waveguide, the relative position of the dielectric waveguide to the wire, the frequencies employed, the design of the dielectric waveguide 404, the dimensions and composition of the wire 402, as well as its surface characteristics, its optional insulation, the electromagnetic properties of the surrounding environment, etc.
- an end of dielectric waveguide 404 can taper towards the wire 402 in order to increase coupling efficiencies.
- the tapering of the end of the dielectric waveguide 404 can provide impedance matching to the wire 402, according to an example embodiment of the subject disclosure.
- an end of the dielectric waveguide 404 can be gradually tapered in order to obtain a desired level of coupling between waves 406 and 408 as illustrated in FIG. 4.
- the coupling device 410 can be placed such that there is a short length of the dielectric waveguide 404 between the coupling device 410 and an end of the dielectric waveguide 404. Maximum coupling efficiencies are realized when the length of the end of the dielectric waveguide 404 that is beyond the coupling device 410 is at least several wavelengths long for whatever frequency is being transmitted.
- System 500 comprises a transmitter/receiver device 506 that launches and receives waves (e.g., guided wave 504 onto dielectric waveguide 502).
- the guided waves 504 can be used to transport signals received from and sent to a base station 520,mobile devices 522, or a building 524 by way of a communications interface 501.
- the communications interface 501 can be an integral part of system 500. Alternatively, the communications interface 501 can be tethered to system 500.
- the communications interface 501 can comprise a wireless interface for interfacing to the base station 520, the mobile devices 522, or building 524 utilizing any of various wireless signaling protocols (e.g., LTE, WiFi, WiMAX, IEEE 802. xx, etc.).
- the communications interface 501 can also comprise a wired interface such as a fiber optic line, coaxial cable, twisted pair, or other suitable wired mediums for transmitting signals to the base station 520 or building 524.
- the communications interface 501 may not be necessary.
- the output signals (e.g., Tx) of the communications interface 501 can be combined with a millimeter- wave carrier wave generated by a local oscillator 512 at frequency mixer 510.
- Frequency mixer 510 can use heterodyning techniques or other frequency shifting techniques to frequency shift the output signals from communications interface 501.
- signals sent to and from the communications interface 501 can be modulated signals such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signals formatted in accordance with a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) wireless protocol or other wireless 3G, 4G, 5G or higher voice and data protocol, a Zigbee, WIMAX, UltraWideband or IEEE 802.11 wireless protocol or other wireless protocol.
- LTE Long-Term Evolution
- this frequency conversion can be done in the analog domain, and as a result, the frequency shifting can be done without regard to the type of communications protocol that the base station 520, mobile devices 522, or in-building devices 524use. As new communications technologies are developed, the
- the communications interface 501 can be upgraded or replaced and the frequency shifting and transmission apparatus can remain, simplifying upgrades.
- the carrier wave can then be sent to a power amplifier (āPAā) 514 and can be transmitted via the transmitter receiver device 506 via the diplexer 516.
- PA power amplifier
- Signals received from the transmitter/receiver device 506 that are directed towards the communications interface 501 can be separated from other signals via diplexer 516.
- the transmission can then be sent to low noise amplifier ("LNA") 518 for amplification.
- LNA low noise amplifier
- a frequency mixer 521, with help from local oscillator 512 can downshift the transmission (which is in the millimeter- wave band or around 38 GHz in some embodiments) to the native frequency.
- the communications interface 501 can then receive the transmission at an input port (Rx).
- transmitter/receiver device 506 can include a cylindrical or non-cylindrical metal (which, for example, can be hollow in an embodiment, but not necessarily drawn to scale) or other conducting or non-conducting waveguide and an end of the dielectric waveguide 502 can be placed in or in proximity to the waveguide or the transmitter/receiver device 506 such that when the transmitter/receiver device 506 generates a transmission, the guided wave couples to dielectric waveguide 502 and propagates as a guided wave 504 about the waveguide surface of the dielectric waveguide 502. Similarly, if guided wave 504 is incoming (coupled to the dielectric waveguide 502 from a wire), guided wave 504 then enters the transmitter / receiver device 506 and couples to the cylindrical waveguide or conducting waveguide. While
- transmitter/receiver device 506 is shown to include a separate waveguideā an antenna, cavity resonator, klystron, magnetron, travelling wave tube, or other radiating element can be employed to induce a guided wave on the waveguide 502, without the separate waveguide.
- dielectric waveguide 502 can be wholly constructed of a dielectric material (or another suitable insulating material), without any metallic or otherwise conducting materials therein.
- Dielectric waveguide 502 can be composed of nylon, Teflon, polyethylene, a polyamide, other plastics, or other materials that are nonconducting and suitable for facilitating transmission of electromagnetic waves on an outer surface of such materials.
- dielectric waveguide 502 can include a core that is conducting/metallic, and have an exterior dielectric surface.
- a transmission medium that couples to the dielectric waveguide 502 for propagating electromagnetic waves induced by the dielectric waveguide 502 or for supplying electromagnetic waves to the dielectric waveguide 502 can be wholly constructed of a dielectric material (or another suitable insulating material), without any metallic or otherwise conducting materials therein.
- FIG. 5 shows that the opening of transmitter receiver device 506 is much wider than the dielectric waveguide 502, this is not to scale, and that in other embodiments the width of the dielectric waveguide 502 is comparable or slightly smaller than the opening of the hollow waveguide. It is also not shown, but in an embodiment, an end of the waveguide 502 that is inserted into the transmitter/receiver device 506 tapers down in order to reduce reflection and increase coupling efficiencies.
- the transmitter/receiver device 506 can be communicably coupled to a communications interface 501, and alternatively, transmitter/receiver device 506 can also be communicably coupled to the one or more distributed antennas 112 and 114 shown in FIG. 1. In other embodiments, transmitter receiver device 506 can comprise part of a repeater system for a backhaul network.
- the one or more waveguide modes of the guided wave generated by the transmitter/receiver device 506 can couple to one or more wave propagation modes of the guided wave 504.
- the wave propagation modes can be different than the hollow metal waveguide modes due to the different characteristics of the hollow metal waveguide and the dielectric waveguide.
- wave propagation modes can comprise the fundamental transverse electromagnetic mode (Quasi-TEMoo), where only small electrical and/or magnetic fields extend in the direction of propagation, and the electric and magnetic fields extend radially outwards from the dielectric waveguide 502 while the guided waves propagate along the dielectric waveguide 502.
- the fundamental transverse electromagnetic mode wave propagation mode does not exist inside a waveguide that is hollow. Therefore, the hollow metal waveguide modes that are used by transmitter/receiver device 506 are waveguide modes that can couple effectively and efficiently to wave propagation modes of dielectric waveguide 502.
- FIG. 6 illustrated is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a dual dielectric waveguide coupling system 600 in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- two or more dielectric waveguides e.g., 604 and 606 can be positioned around a wire 602 in order to receive guided wave 608.
- the guided wave 608 can be characterized as a surface wave or other electromagnetic wave.
- one dielectric waveguide is enough to receive the guided wave 608. In that case, guided wave 608 couples to dielectric waveguide 604 and propagates as guided wave 610.
- dielectric waveguide 606 can be placed such that guided wave 608 couples to dielectric waveguide 606.
- four or more dielectric waveguides can be placed around a portion of the wire 602, e.g., at 90 degrees or another spacing with respect to each other, in order to receive guided waves that may oscillate or rotate around the wire 602, that have been induced at different axial orientations or that have non-fundamental or higher order modes that, for example, have lobes and/or nulls or other asymmetries that are orientation dependent.
- dielectric waveguides there may be less than or more than four dielectric waveguides placed around a portion of the wire 602 without departing from example embodiments. It will also be appreciated that while some example embodiments have presented a plurality of dielectric waveguides around at least a portion of a wire 602, this plurality of dielectric waveguides can also be considered as part of a single dielectric waveguide system having multiple dielectric waveguide subcomponents. For example, two or more dielectric waveguides can be manufactured as single system that can be installed around a wire in a single installation such that the dielectric waveguides are either pre-positioned or adjustable relative to each other (either manually or automatically) in accordance with the single system.
- Receivers coupled to dielectric waveguides 606 and 604 can use diversity combining to combine signals received from both dielectric waveguides 606 and 604 in order to maximize the signal quality. In other embodiments, if one or the other of a dielectric waveguides 604 and 606 receive a transmission that is above a predetermined threshold, receivers can use selection diversity when deciding which signal to use.
- the graphical representations of waves 608 and 610 are presented merely to illustrate the principles that guided wave 608 induces or otherwise launches a wave 610 on a dielectric waveguide 604.
- the actual electric and magnetic fields generated as a result of such wave propagation may vary depending on the frequencies employed, the design of the dielectric waveguide 604, the dimensions and composition of the wire 602, as well as its surface characteristics, its optional insulation, the electromagnetic properties of the surrounding environment, etc.
- FIG. 7 illustrated is a block diagram of an example, non- limiting embodiment of a bidirectional dielectric waveguide coupling system 700 in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- two dielectric waveguides 704 and 714 can be placed near a wire 702 such that guided waves (e.g., surface waves or other electromagnetic waves) propagating along the wire 702 are coupled to dielectric waveguide 704 as wave 706, and then are boosted or repeated by repeater device 710 and launched as a guided wave 716 onto dielectric waveguide 714.
- the guided wave 716 can then couple to wire 702 and continue to propagate along the wire 702.
- the repeater device 710 can receive at least a portion of the power utilized for boosting or repeating through magnetic coupling with the wire 702, which can be a power line.
- repeater device 710 can repeat the transmission associated with wave 706, and in other embodiments, repeater device 710 can be associated with a distributed antenna system and/or base station device located near the repeater device 710.
- Receiver waveguide 708 can receive the wave 706 from the dielectric waveguide 704 and transmitter waveguide 712 can launch guided wave 716 onto dielectric waveguide 714.
- the signal can be amplified to correct for signal loss and other inefficiencies associated with guided wave communications or the signal can be received and processed to extract the data contained therein and regenerated for transmission.
- a signal can be extracted from the transmission and processed and otherwise emitted to mobile devices nearby via distributed antennas communicably coupled to the repeater device 710.
- signals and/or communications received by the distributed antennas can be inserted into the transmission that is generated and launched onto dielectric waveguide 714 by transmitter waveguide 712. Accordingly, the repeater system 700 depicted in FIG. 7 can be comparable in function to the dielectric waveguide coupling device 108 and 110 in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 7 shows guided wave transmissions 706 and 716 entering from the left and exiting to the right respectively, this is merely a simplification and is not intended to be limiting.
- receiver waveguide 708 and transmitter waveguide 712 can also function as transmitters and receivers respectively, allowing the repeater device 710 to be bi-directional.
- repeater device 710 can be placed at locations where there are discontinuities or obstacles on the wire 702. These obstacles can include
- the repeater device 710 can help the guided (e.g., surface) waves jump over these obstacles on the line and boost the transmission power at the same time.
- a dielectric waveguide can be used to jump over the obstacle without the use of a repeater device.
- both ends of the dielectric waveguide can be tied or fastened to the wire, thus providing a path for the guided wave to travel without being blocked by the obstacle.
- FIG. 8 illustrated is a block diagram of an example, non- limiting embodiment of a bidirectional dielectric waveguide coupler 800 in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- the bidirectional dielectric waveguide coupler 800 can employ diversity paths in the case of when two or more wires are strung between utility poles. Since guided wave transmissions have different transmission efficiencies and coupling efficiencies for insulated wires and un-insulated wires based on weather, precipitation and atmospheric conditions, it can be advantageous to selectively transmit on either an insulated wire or un-insulated wire at certain times.
- repeater device uses a receiver waveguide 808 to receive a guided wave traveling along uninsulated wire 802 and repeats the transmission using transmitter waveguide 810 as a guided wave along insulated wire 804.
- repeater device can switch from the insulated wire 804 to the un-insulated wire 802, or can repeat the transmissions along the same paths.
- Repeater device 806 can include sensors, or be in communication with sensors that indicate conditions that can affect the transmission. Based on the feedback received from the sensors, the repeater device 806 can make the determination about whether to keep the transmission along the same wire, or transfer the transmission to the other wire.
- Bidirectional repeater system 900 includes waveguide coupling devices 902 and 904 that receive and transmit transmissions from other coupling devices located in a distributed antenna system or backhaul system.
- waveguide coupling device 902 can receive a transmission from another waveguide coupling device, wherein the transmission has a plurality of subcarriers.
- Diplexer 906 can separate the transmission from other transmissions, and direct the transmission to low-noise amplifier ("LNA") 908.
- LNA low-noise amplifier
- a frequency mixer 928, with help from a local oscillator 912, can downshift the
- An extractor 932 can extract the signal on the subcarrier that corresponds to antenna or other output component 922 and direct the signal to the output component 922. For the signals that are not being extracted at this antenna location, extractor 932 can redirect them to another frequency mixer 936, where the signals are used to modulate a carrier wave generated by local oscillator 914.
- the carrier wave, with its subcarriers, is directed to a power amplifier (āPAā) 916 and is retransmitted by waveguide coupling device 904 to another repeater system, via diplexer 920.
- PA power amplifier
- a PA 924 can boost the signal for transmission to the mobile device.
- An LNA 926 can be used to amplify weak signals that are received from the mobile device and then send the signal to a multiplexer 934 which merges the signal with signals that have been received from waveguide coupling device 904.
- the signals received from coupling device 904 have been split by diplexer 920, and then passed through LNA 918, and downshifted in frequency by frequency mixer 938.
- the signals are combined by multiplexer 934, they are upshifted in frequency by frequency mixer 930, and then boosted by PA 910, and transmitted back to the launcher or on to another repeater by waveguide coupling device 902.
- bidirectional repeater system 900 can be just a repeater without the antenna/output device 922. It will be appreciated that in some embodiments, a bidirectional repeater system 900 could also be implemented using two distinct and separate uni-directional repeaters. In an alternative embodiment, a bidirectional repeater system 900 could also be a booster or otherwise perform retransmissions without downshifting and upshifting. Indeed in example embodiment, the retransmissions can be based upon receiving a signal or guided wave and performing some signal or guided wave processing or reshaping, filtering, and/or amplification, prior to retransmission of the signal or guided wave.
- the waveguide coupler system comprises a wire 1006 that is positioned with respect to a waveguide 1002, such that the wire 1006 fits within or near a slot formed in the waveguide 1002 that runs longitudinally with respect to the wire 1004.
- the waveguide coupler system comprises a wire 1014 that is positioned with respect to a waveguide 1008, such that the wire 1014 fits within or near a slot formed in the waveguide 1008 that runs longitudinally with respect to the wire 1004.
- the slot surfaces of the waveguide 1008 can be non parallel, and two different exemplary embodiments are shown in FIG. 10B. In the first, slot surfaces 1010a and 1010b can be non parallel and aim outwards, slightly wider than the width of the wire 1014. In the other embodiment, the slots surfaces 1012a and 1012b can still be non-parallel, but narrow to form a slot opening smaller than a width of the wire 1014.
- the waveguide coupler system shows a wire 1020 that fits within a slot formed in waveguide 1016.
- the slot surfaces 1018a and 1018b in this exemplary embodiment can be parallel, but the axis 1026 of the wire 1020 is not aligned with the axis 1024 of the waveguide 1016.
- the waveguide 1016 and the wire 1020 are therefore not coaxially aligned.
- a possible position of the wire at 1022 also has an axis 1028 that is not aligned with the axis 1024 of the waveguide 1016.
- FIGs. 10A, 10B, and IOC in various embodiments, diverse combinations of the listed features are possible.
- FIG. 11 depicts a cross sectional representation of the waveguide and wire embodiments shown in FIGs. 2, 3, 4, and etc.
- the wire 1104 can be positioned directly next to and touching waveguide 1102.
- the wire 1204 can still be placed near, but not actually touching waveguide strip 1202.
- electromagnetic waves traveling along the waveguides can induce other electromagnetic waves on to the wires and vice versa.
- the wires 1104 and 1204 are placed outside the cross-sectional area defined by the outer surfaces of waveguides 1102 and 1202.
- a waveguide does not surround, in substantial part, a wire surface of a wire when the waveguide does not surround an axial region of the surface, when viewed in cross-section, of more than 180 degrees.
- a waveguide does not surround, in substantial part a surface of a wire when the waveguide surrounds an axial region of the surface, when viewed in cross- section, of 180 degrees or less.
- wires 1104 and 1204 having a circular shape and waveguides 1102 and 1202 having rectangular shapes
- wires and waveguides can have a variety of shapes, sizes, and configurations.
- the shapes can include, but not be limited to: ovals or other ellipsoid shapes, octagons, quadrilaterals or other polygons with either sharp or rounded edges, or other shapes.
- the wires 1104 and 1204 can be stranded wires comprising smaller gauge wires, such as a helical strand, braid or other coupling of individual strands into a single wire. Any of wires and waveguides shown in the figures and described throughout this disclosure can include one or more of these embodiments.
- FIG.13 illustrates a process in connection with the aforementioned systems.
- the process in FIG.13 can be implemented for example by systems 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 illustrated in FIGs. 1-9 respectively. While for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the process is shown and described as a series of blocks, it is to be understood and appreciated that the claimed subject matter is not limited by the order of the blocks, as some blocks may occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other blocks from what is depicted and described herein. Moreover, not all illustrated blocks may be required to implement the methods described hereinafter.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a flow diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a method for transmitting a transmission with a dielectric waveguide coupler as described herein.
- Method 1300 can begin at 1302 where a first electromagnetic wave is emitted by a transmission device as a guided wave that propagates at least in part on a waveguide surface of a waveguide, wherein the waveguide surface of the waveguide does not surround in whole or in substantial part a wire surface of a wire.
- the transmission that is generated by a transmitter can be based on a signal received from a base station device, access point, network, a mobile device, or other signal source.
- the guided wave couples at least a part of the first electromagnetic wave to a wire surface, forming a second electromagnetic wave (e.g., a surface wave) that propagates at least partially around the wire surface, wherein the wire is in proximity to the waveguide.
- a second electromagnetic wave e.g., a surface wave
- the guided wave, or surface wave stays parallel to the wire even as the wire bends and flexes.
- Bends can increase transmission losses, which are also dependent on wire diameters, frequency, and materials.
- the coupling interface between the wire and the waveguide can also be configured to achieve the desired level of coupling, as described herein, which can include tapering an end of the waveguide to improve impedance matching between the waveguide and the wire.
- the transmission that is emitted by the transmitter can exhibit one or more waveguide modes.
- the waveguide modes can be dependent on the shape and/or design of the waveguide.
- the propagation modes on the wire can be different than the waveguide modes due to the different characteristics of the waveguide and the wire.
- the guided wave exhibits multiple wave propagation modes.
- the guided wave can therefore comprise more than one type of electric and magnetic field configuration.
- the electrical and magnetic field configurations may remain substantially the same from end to end of the wire or vary as the transmission traverses the wave by rotation, dispersion, attenuation or other effects.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a waveguide system 1402in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- the waveguide system 1402 can comprise sensors 1404, a power management system 1405, a waveguide 1406, and a communications interface 1408.
- the waveguide system 1402 can be coupled to a power line 1410 for facilitating data communications in accordance with embodiments described in the subject disclosure.
- the waveguide 1406 can comprise all or part of the system 500, such as shown in FIG. 5, for inducing electromagnetic waves on a surface of the power line 1410 that longitudinally propagate along the surface of the power line 1410 as described in the subject disclosure.
- Non-limiting techniques for coupling the waveguide 1406 to the power line 1410 are shown in FIGs. 2-4 and 6.
- the waveguide 1406 can also serve as a repeater for retransmitting electromagnetic waves on the same power line 1410 or for routing electromagnetic waves between power lines 1410 as shown in FIGs. 7-8.
- the communications interface 1408 can comprise the communications interface 501 shown in FIG. 5, in an example embodiment.
- the communications interface 1408 couples to the waveguide 1406 for up-converting signals operating at an original frequency to electromagnetic waves operating at a carrier frequency that propagate on a surface of a coupling device of the waveguide 1406, such as the dielectric 502 of FIG. 5, and that induce corresponding electromagnetic waves that propagate on a surface of the power line 1410.
- the power line 1410 can be a wire (e.g., single stranded or multi-stranded) having a conducting surface or insulated surface.
- the communications interface 1408 can also receive signals from the waveguide 1406 that have been down- converted from electromagnetic waves operating at a carrier frequency to signals at their original frequency.
- Signals received by the communications interface 1408 for up-conversion can include without limitation signals supplied by a central office 141 lover a wired or wireless interface of the communications interface 1408, a base station 1414 over a wired or wireless interface of the communications interface 1408, wireless signals transmitted by mobile devices 1420 to the base station 1414 for delivery over the wired or wireless interface of the communications interface 1408, signals supplied by in-building communication devices 1418 over the wired or wireless interface of the communications interface 1408, and/or wireless signals supplied to the communications interface 1408 by mobile devices 1412 roaming in a wireless communication range of the communications interface 1408.
- the communications interface 1408 may not be included in the waveguide system 1402.
- the electromagnetic waves propagating along the surface of the power 1410 can be modulated and formatted to include packets or frames of data that include a data payload and further include networking information (such as header information for identifying one or more destination waveguide systems 1402).
- the networking information may be provided by the waveguide system 1402 or an originating device such as the central office 1411, the base station 1414, mobile devices 1420, or in-building devices 1418, or a combination thereof.
- the modulated electromagnetic waves can include error correction data for mitigating signal disturbances.
- the networking information and error correction data can be used by a destination waveguide system 1402 for detecting transmissions directed to it, and for down-converting and processing with error correction data transmissions that include voice and/or data signals directed to recipient communication devices communicatively coupled to the destination waveguide system 1402.
- the sensors 1404 can comprise one or more of a temperature sensor 1404a, a disturbance detection sensor 1404b, a loss of energy sensor 1404c, a noise sensor 1404d, a vibration sensor 1404e, an environmental (e.g., weather) sensor 1404f, and/or an image sensor 1404g.
- the temperature sensor 1404a can be used to measure ambient temperature, a temperature of the waveguide 1406, a temperature of the power line 1410, temperature differentials (e.g., compared to a setpoint or baseline, between 1046 and 1410, etc.), or any combination thereof.
- temperature metrics can be collected and reported periodically to a network management system 1601 by way of the base station 1414.
- the disturbance detection sensor 1404b can perform measurements on the power line 1410 to detect disturbances such as signal reflections, which may indicate a presence of a downstream disturbance that may impede the propagation of
- a signal reflection can represent a distortion resulting from, for example, an electromagnetic wave transmitted on the power line 1410 by the waveguide 1406 that reflects in whole or in part back to the waveguide 1406 from a disturbance in the power line 1410 located downstream from the waveguide 1406.
- Signal reflections can be caused by obstructions on the power line 1410.
- a tree limb shown in FIG. 15(A) may cause electromagnetic wave reflections when the tree limb is lying on the power line 1410, or is in close proximity to the power line 1410 which may cause a corona discharge 1502.
- Other illustrations of obstructions that can cause electromagnetic wave reflections can include without limitation an object 1506 that has been entangled on the power line 1410 as shown in FIG. 15(C) (e.g., clothing, a shoe wrapped around a power line 1410 with a shoe string, etc.), a corroded build-up 1512 on the power line 1410 as shown in FIG. 15(F), or an ice build-up 1514 as shown in FIG. 15 (G).
- Power grid components may also interfere with the transmission of electromagnetic waves on the surface of power lines 1410. Illustrations of power grid components that may cause signal reflections include without limitation a transformer 1504 illustrated in FIG. 15(B) and a joint 1510 for connecting spliced power lines such as illustrated in FIG. 15(E). A sharp angle 1508 on a power line 1410, as shown in FIG. 15(D), may also cause electromagnetic wave reflections.
- the disturbance detection sensor 1404b can comprise a circuit to compare magnitudes of electromagnetic wave reflections to magnitudes of original
- the disturbance detection sensor 1404b can further comprise a spectral analyzer circuit for performing spectral analysis on the reflected waves.
- the spectral data generated by the spectral analyzer circuit can be compared with spectral profiles via pattern recognition, an expert system, curve fitting, matched filtering or other artificial intelligence, classification or comparison technique to identify a type of disturbance based on, for example, the spectral profile that most closely matches the spectral data.
- the spectral profiles can be stored in a memory of the disturbance detection sensor 1404b or may be remotely accessible by the disturbance detection sensor 1404b.
- the profiles can comprise spectral data that models different disturbances that may be encountered on power lines 1410 to enable the disturbance detection sensor 1404b to identify
- the disturbance detection sensor 1404b can also utilize the waveguide 1406 to transmit electromagnetic waves as test signals to determine a roundtrip time for an electromagnetic wave reflection.
- the round trip time measured by the disturbance detection sensor 1404b can be used to calculate a distance traveled by the electromagnetic wave up to a point where the reflection takes place, which enables the disturbance detection sensor 1404b to calculate a distance from the waveguide 1406 to the downstream disturbance on the power line 1410.
- the distance calculated can be reported to the network management system 1601 by way of the base station 1414.
- the location of the waveguide system 1402 on the power line 1410 may be known to the network management system 1601, which the network management system 1601 can use to determine a location of the disturbance on the power line 1410 based on a known topology of the power grid.
- the waveguide system 1402 can provide its location to the network management system 1601 to assist in the determination of the location of the disturbance on the power line 1410.
- the location of the waveguide system 1402 can be obtained by the waveguide system 1402 from a pre-programmed location of the waveguide system 1402 stored in a memory of the waveguide system 1402, or the waveguide system 1402 can determine its location using a GPS receiver (not shown) included in the waveguide system 1402.
- the power management system 1405 provides energy to the aforementioned components of the waveguide system 1402.
- the power management system 1405 can receive energy from solar cells, or from a transformer (not shown) coupled to the power line 1410, or by inductive coupling to the power line 1410 or another nearby power line.
- the power management system 1405 can also include a backup battery and/or a super capacitor or other capacitor circuit for providing the waveguide system 1402 with temporary power.
- the loss of energy sensor 1404c can be used to detect when the waveguide system 1402 has a loss of power condition and/or the occurrence of some other malfunction.
- the loss of energy sensor 1404c can detect when there is a loss of power due to defective solar cells, an obstruction on the solar cells that causes them to malfunction, loss of power on the power line 1410, and/or when the backup power system malfunctions due to expiration of a backup battery, or a detectable defect in a super capacitor. When a malfunction and/or loss of power occurs, the loss of energy sensor 1404c can notify the network management system 1601 by way of the base station 1414.
- the noise sensor 1404d can be used to measure noise on the power line 1410 that may adversely affect transmission of electromagnetic waves on the power line 1410.
- the noise sensor 1404d can sense unexpected electromagnetic interference, noise bursts, or other sources of disturbances that may interrupt transmission of modulated
- a noise burst can be caused by, for example, a corona discharge, or other source of noise.
- the noise sensor 1404d can compare the measured noise to a noise profile obtained by the waveguide system 1402 from an internal database of noise profiles or from a remotely located database that stores noise profiles via pattern recognition, an expert system, curve fitting, matched filtering or other artificial intelligence, classification or comparison technique. From the comparison, the noise sensor 1404d may identify a noise source (e.g., corona discharge or otherwise)based on, for example, the noise profile that provides the closest match to the measured noise.
- a noise source e.g., corona discharge or otherwise
- the noise sensor 1404d can also detect how noise affects transmissions by measuring transmission metrics such as bit error rate, packet loss rate, jitter, packet retransmission requests, etc.
- the noise sensor 1404d can report to the network management system 1601 by way of the base station 1414 the identity of noise sources, their time of occurrence, and transmission metrics, among other things.
- the vibration sensor 1404e can include accelerometers and/or gyroscopes to detect 2D or 3D vibrations on the power line 1410.
- the vibrations can be compared to vibration profiles that can be stored locally in the waveguide system 1402, or obtained by the waveguide system 1402 from a remote database via pattern recognition, an expert system, curve fitting, matched filtering or other artificial intelligence, classification or comparison technique.
- Vibration profiles can be used, for example, to distinguish fallen trees from wind gusts based on, for example, the vibration profile that provides the closest match to the measured vibrations.
- the results of this analysis can be reported by the vibration sensor 1404e to the network management system 1601 by way of the base station 1414.
- the environmental sensor 1404f can include a barometer for measuring atmospheric pressure, ambient temperature (which can be provided by the temperature sensor 1404a), wind speed, humidity, wind direction, and rainfall, among other things.
- the environmental sensor 1404f can collect raw information and process this information by comparing it to environmental profiles that can be obtained from a memory of the waveguide system 1402 or a remote database to predict weather conditions before they arise via pattern recognition, an expert system, knowledge-based system or other artificial intelligence, classification or other weather modeling and prediction technique.
- the environmental sensor 1404f can report raw data as well as its analysis to the network management system 1601.
- the image sensor 1404g can be a digital camera (e.g., a charged coupled device or CCD imager, infrared camera, etc.) for capturing images in a vicinity of the waveguide system 1402.
- the image sensor 1404g can include an electromechanical mechanism to control movement (e.g., actual position or focal points/zooms) of the camera for inspecting the power line 1410 from multiple perspectives (e.g., top surface, bottom surface, left surface, right surface and so on).
- the image sensor 1404g can be designed such that no electromechanical mechanism is needed in order to obtain the multiple perspectives.
- the collection and retrieval of imaging data generated by the image sensor 1404g can be controlled by the network management system 1601, or can be autonomously collected and reported by the image sensor 1404g to the network management system 1601.
- Other sensors that may be suitable for collecting telemetry information associated with the waveguide system 1402 and/or the power lines 1410 for purposes of detecting, predicting and/or mitigating disturbances that can impede electromagnetic wave transmissions on power lines 1410 (or any other form of a transmission medium of electromagnetic waves) may be utilized by the waveguide system 1402.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a system 1600 for managing a power grid 1603 and a communication system 1605 embedded therein in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- communication system 1605 comprises a plurality of waveguide systems 1402 coupled to power lines 1410 of the power grid 1603. At least a portion of the waveguide systems 1402 used in the communication system 1605 can be in direct communication with a base station 1414 and/or the network management system 1601. Waveguide systems 1402 not directly connected to a base station 1414 or the network management system 1601 can engage in communication sessions with either a base station 1414 or the network management system 1601 by way of other downstream waveguide systems 1402 connected to a base station 1414 or the network management system 1601.
- the network management system 1601 can be communicatively coupled to equipment of a utility company 1602 and equipment of a communications service provider 1604 for providing each entity, status information associated with the power grid 1603 and the communication system 1605, respectively.
- the network management system 1601, the equipment of the utility company 1602, and the communications service provider 1604 can access communication devices utilized by utility company personnel 1606 and/or communication devices utilized by communications service provider personnel 1608 for purposes of providing status information and/or for directing such personnel in the management of the power grid 1603 and/or communication system 1605.
- FIG. 17A illustrates a flow diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a method 1700 for detecting and mitigating disturbances occurring in a communication network of the system 1600 of FIG. 16.
- Method 1700 can begin with step 1702 where a waveguide system 1402 transmits and receives messages embedded in, or forming part of, modulated electromagnetic waves or another type of electromagnetic waves traveling along a surface of a power line 1410.
- the messages can be voice messages, streaming video, and/or other data/information exchanged between communication devices communicatively coupled to the communication system 1605.
- the sensors 1404 of the waveguide system 1402 can collect sensing data.
- the sensing data can be collected in step 1704 prior to, during, or after the transmission and/or receipt of messages in step 1702.
- the waveguide system 1402 (or the sensors 1404 themselves) can determine from the sensing data an actual or predicted occurrence of a disturbance in the communication system 1605 that can affect
- the waveguide system 1402 can process temperature data, signal reflection data, loss of energy data, noise data, vibration data, environmental data, or any combination thereof to make this determination.
- the waveguide system 1402 may also detect, identify, estimate, or predict the source of the disturbance and/or its location in the communication system 1605. If a disturbance is neither detected/identified nor predicted/estimated at step 1708, the waveguide system 1402 can proceed to step 1702 where it continues to transmit and receive messages embedded in, or forming part of, modulated electromagnetic waves traveling along a surface of the power line 1410.
- a duration threshold and a frequency of occurrence threshold can be used at step 1710 to determine when a disturbance adversely affects communications in the communication system 1605.
- a duration threshold is set to 500 ms
- a frequency of occurrence threshold is set to 5 disturbances occurring in an observation period of 10 sec.
- a disturbance having a duration greater than 500ms will trigger the duration threshold.
- any disturbance occurring more than 5 times in a 10 sec time interval will trigger the frequency of occurrence threshold.
- a disturbance may be considered to adversely affect signal integrity in the communication systems 1605 when the duration threshold alone is exceeded. In another embodiment, a disturbance may be considered as adversely affecting signal integrity in the communication systems 1605 when both the duration threshold and the frequency of occurrence threshold are exceeded. The latter
- step 1710 is thus more conservative than the former embodiment for classifying disturbances that adversely affect signal integrity in the communication system 1605. It will be appreciated that many other algorithms and associated parameters and thresholds can be utilized for step 1710 in accordance with example embodiments.
- the waveguide system 1402 may proceed to step 1702 and continue processing messages. For instance, if the disturbance detected in step 1708 has a duration of 1 ms with a single occurrence in a 10 sec time period, then neither threshold will be exceeded. Consequently, such a disturbance may be considered as having a nominal effect on signal integrity in the communication system 1605 and thus would not be flagged as a disturbance requiring mitigation.
- the occurrence of the disturbance, its time of occurrence, its frequency of occurrence, spectral data, and/or other useful information may be reported to the network management system 1601 as telemetry data for monitoring purposes.
- the waveguide system 1402 can proceed to step 1712 and report the incident to the network management system 1601.
- the report can include raw sensing data collected by the sensors 1404, a description of the disturbance if known by the waveguide system 1402, a time of occurrence of the disturbance, a frequency of occurrence of the disturbance, a location associated with the disturbance, parameters readings such as bit error rate, packet loss rate, retransmission requests, jitter, latency and so on. If the disturbance is based on a prediction by one or more sensors of the waveguide system 1402, the report can include a type of disturbance expected, and if predictable, an expected time occurrence of the disturbance, and an expected frequency of occurrence of the predicted disturbance when the prediction is based on historical sensing data collected by the sensors 1404 of the waveguide system 1402.
- the network management system 1601 can determine a mitigation, circumvention, or correction technique, which may include directing the waveguide system 1402 to reroute traffic to circumvent the disturbance if the location of the disturbance can be determined.
- the waveguide system 1402 detecting the disturbance may direct a repeater 1802 such as the one shown in FIG. 18A to connect the waveguide system 1402 from a primary power line 1804 affected by the disturbance to a secondary power line 1806 to enable the waveguide system 1402 to reroute traffic to a different transmission medium and avoid the disturbance 1801.
- the waveguide system 1402 can itself perform the rerouting of traffic from the primary power line 1804 to the secondary power line 1806. It is further noted that for bidirectional communications (e.g., full or half-duplex communications), the repeater 1802 can be configured to reroute traffic from the secondary power line 1806 back to the primary power line 1804 for processing by the waveguide system 1402.
- the repeater 1802 can be configured to reroute traffic from the secondary power line 1806 back to the primary power line 1804 for processing by the waveguide system 1402.
- the waveguide system 1402 can redirect traffic by instructing a first repeater 1812 situated upstream of the disturbance and a second repeater 1814 situated downstream of the disturbance to redirect traffic from a primary power line 1804 temporarily to a secondary power line 1806 and back to the primary power line 1804 in a manner that avoids the disturbance 1801 as shown in FIG. 18B.
- the repeaters 1812 and 1814 can be configured to reroute traffic from the secondary power line 1806 back to the primary power line 1804.
- the network management system 1601 may direct the waveguide system 1402 (in the embodiments of FIGs. 18A-18B) to instruct repeater(s) to utilize unused time slot(s) and/or frequency band(s) of the secondary power line 1806 for redirecting data and/or voice traffic away from the primary power line 1804 to circumvent the disturbance 1801.
- the network management system 1601 can notify equipment of the utility company 1602 and/or equipment of the communications service provider 1604, which in turn may notify personnel of the utility company 1606 and/or personnel of the communications service provider 1608 of the detected disturbance and its location if known. Field personnel from either party can attend to resolving the disturbance at a determined location of the disturbance.
- the disturbance can be removed or otherwise mitigated by personnel of the utility company and/or personnel of the communications service provider, such personnel can notify their respective companies and/or the network management system 1601 utilizing field equipment (e.g., a laptop computer, smartphone, etc.) communicatively coupled to network management system 1601, and/or equipment of the utility company and/or the communications service provider.
- the notification can include a description of how the disturbance was mitigated and any changes to the power lines 1410 that may change a topology of the communication system 1605.
- the network management system 1601 can direct the waveguide system 1402 at step 1720 to restore the previous routing configuration used by the waveguide system 1402 or route traffic according to a new routing configuration if the restoration strategy used to mitigate the disturbance resulted in a new network topology of the communication system 1605.
- the waveguide system 1402 can be configured to monitor mitigation of the disturbance by transmitting test signals on the power line 1410 to determine when the disturbance has been removed. Once the waveguide 1402 detects an absence of the disturbance it can autonomously restore its routing configuration without assistance by the network management system 1601 if it determines the network topology of the communication system 1605 has not changed, or it can utilize a new routing configuration that adapts to a detected new network topology.
- FIG. 17B illustrates a flow diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a method 1750 for detecting and mitigating disturbances occurring in a communication network of the system 1600 of FIG. 16.
- methodl750 can begin with step 1752 where a network management system 1601 receives from equipment of the utility company 1602 or equipment of the communications service provider 1604 maintenance information associated with a maintenance schedule.
- the network management system 1601 can at step 1754 identify from the maintenance information, maintenance activities to be performed during the maintenance schedule. From these activities, the network management system 1601 can detect a disturbance resulting from the maintenance (e.g., scheduled replacement of a power line 1410, scheduled
- the network management system 1601 can receive at step 1755 telemetry information from one or more waveguide systems 1402.
- the telemetry information can include among other things an identity of each waveguide system 1402 submitting the telemetry information, measurements taken by sensors 1404 of each waveguide system 1402, information relating to predicted, estimated, or actual disturbances detected by the sensors 1404 of each waveguide system 1402, location information associated with each waveguide system 1402, an estimated location of a detected disturbance, an identification of the disturbance, and so on.
- the network management system 1601 can determine from the telemetry information a type of disturbance that may be adverse to operations of the waveguide, transmission of the electromagnetic waves along the wire surface, or both.
- the network management system 1601 can also use telemetry information from multiple waveguide systems 1402 to isolate and identify the disturbance. Additionally, the network management system 1601 can request telemetry information from waveguide systems 1402 in a vicinity of an affected waveguide system 1402 to triangulate a location of the disturbance and/or validate an identification of the disturbance by receiving similar telemetry information from other waveguide systems 1402.
- the network management system 1601 can receive at step 1756 an unscheduled activity report from maintenance field personnel.
- Unscheduled maintenance may occur as result of field calls that are unplanned or as a result of unexpected field issues discovered during field calls or scheduled maintenance activities.
- the activity report can identify changes to a topology configuration of the power grid 1603 resulting from field personnel addressing discovered issues in the communication system 1605 and/or power grid 1603, changes to one or more waveguide systems 1402 (such as replacement or repair thereof), mitigation of disturbances performed if any, and so on.
- the network management system 1601 can determine from reports received according to steps 1752 through 1756if a disturbance will occur based on a maintenance schedule, or if a disturbance has occurred or is predicted to occur based on telemetry data, or if a disturbance has occurred due to an unplanned maintenance identified in a field activity report. From any of these reports, the network management system 1601 can determine whether a detected or predicted disturbance requires rerouting of traffic by the affected waveguide systems 1402 or other waveguide systems 1402 of the communication system 1605.
- the network management system 1601 can proceed to step 1760 where it can direct one or more waveguide systems 1402 to reroute traffic to circumvent the disturbance similar to the illustrations of FIGs. 18A or 18B.
- the network management system 1601 can proceed to step 1770 and skip steps 1762, 1764, 1766, andl772.
- the network management system 1601 can direct one or more waveguide systems 1402 to use a new routing configuration that adapts to the new topology.
- the network management system 1601 can notify maintenance personnel of the utility company 1606 or the communications service provider 1608 of a location of the disturbance, a type of disturbance if known, and related information that may be helpful to such personnel to mitigate the disturbance.
- the network management system 1601 can direct one or more waveguide systems 1402 to reconfigure traffic routes at a given schedule (consistent with the maintenance schedule) to avoid disturbances caused by the maintenance activities during the maintenance schedule.
- the network management system 1601 can monitor when the disturbance(s) have been mitigated by field personnel. Mitigation of a disturbance can be detected at step 1762 by analyzing field reports submitted to the network management system 1601 by field personnel over a communications network (e.g., cellular communication system) utilizing field equipment (e.g., a laptop computer or handheld computer/device). If field personnel have reported that a disturbance has been mitigated, the network management system 1601 can proceed to step 1764 to determine from the field report whether a topology change was required to mitigate the disturbance.
- a communications network e.g., cellular communication system
- field equipment e.g., a laptop computer or handheld computer/device
- a topology change can include rerouting a power line 1410, reconfiguring a waveguide system 1402 to utilize a different power line 1410, otherwise utilizing an alternative link to bypass the disturbance and so on. If a topology change has taken place, the network management system 1601 can direct at step 1770 one or more waveguide systems 1402 to use a new routing configuration that adapts to the new topology.
- the network management system 1601 can proceed to step 1766 where it can direct one or more waveguide systems 1402 to send test signals to test a routing configuration that had been used prior to the detected disturbance(s).
- Test signals can be sent to affected waveguide systems 1402 in a vicinity of the disturbance.
- the test signals can be used to determine if signal disturbances (e.g., electromagnetic wave reflections) are detected by any of the waveguide systems 1402. If the test signals confirm that a prior routing configuration is no longer subject to previously detected disturbance(s), then the network management system 1601 can at step 1772 direct the affected waveguide systems 1402 to restore a previous routing configuration.
- test signals analyzed by one or more waveguide systems 1402 and reported to the network management system 1601 indicate that the disturbance(s) or new disturbance(s) are present, then the network management system 1601 will proceed to step 1768 and report this information to field personnel to further address field issues. The network management system 1601 can in this situation continue to monitor mitigation of the disturbance(s) at step 1762.
- the waveguide systems 1402 can be configured to be self-adapting to changes in the power grid 1603 and/or to mitigation of disturbances. That is, one or more affected waveguide systems 1402 can be configured to self monitor mitigation of disturbances and reconfigure traffic routes without requiring instructions to be sent to them by the network management system 1601. In this embodiment, the one or more waveguide systems 1402 that are self-configurable can inform the network management system 1601 of its routing choices so that the network management system 1601 can maintain a macro-level view of the communication topology of the communication system 1605.
- FIGs. 19A, 19B, and 19C depict block diagrams of example, non-limiting embodiments of a transportation system 1900 and components thereof in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 19A depicts a vehicle 1902 (such as a railroad car or carriageā referred to herein for illustration purposes only as railroad car 1902) used by the transportation system 1900 for transport of passengers and/or cargo.
- the railroad car 1902 can be powered by power lines 1904 located overhead of the railroad car 1902, which can be accessed by a mechanism 1905 (e.g., a mechanical arm) that makes electrical contact with the power lines 1904.
- a mechanism 1905 e.g., a mechanical arm
- power can be delivered to the railroad car 1902 via the track 1909 shown in FIG.
- the railroad car 1902 can enable communication services by way of an upper communications interface 1906 or a lower communications interface 1908.
- the upper communications interfacel906 or the lower communications interface 1908 can enable communications via an optical interface or waveguide interface that transmits or receives electromagnetic waves 1911 that propagate on a transmission medium.
- the upper communications interface 1906 can utilize the power lines 1904 as a transmission medium of the electromagnetic waves 1911 as depicted in FIG.
- the lower communications interface 1908 can utilize a surface of a track 1909, such as the side surface of the rail, that is not directly in contact with the railroad car wheels 1907as a transmission medium of the electromagnetic waves 191 las depicted in FIG. 20C.
- FIGs. 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D depict block diagrams of example, non- limiting embodiments of devices that can be used by the upper and lower
- electromagnetic waves 1911 can be transported from one place (e.g., medium) to another in a pseudo- optical fashion and diverted via lenses and reflectors, much like visible light.
- a reflector 2002 held by a supporting structure 2001 attached to the railroad car 1902 can be placed and oriented on power line 1904 such that initial electromagnetic wave transmissions 2007 sent by a transceiver 2006 are reflected parallel to the power line 1904, and thereby propagate as electromagnetic waves 1911 on a surface of the power line 1904.
- the initial electromagnetic wave transmissions 2007 can be the result of a transceiver such as shown in FIG. 9 up-converting signals to initial electromagnetic wave transmissions 2007 that are directed to the reflector 2002 by the lens of the transceiver 2006.
- electromagnetic waves 1911 propagating on along a surface of the power line 1904 can be reflected by reflector 2002 and sent as a beam to the lens of the transceiver 2006, which converts the electromagnetic waves to electrical signals that are down-converted by the transceiver of FIG. 9. While operating at microwave or millimeter wave frequencies (or yet other applicable frequencies), the lens of the transceiver 2006 operates similarly to an optical lens to focus the electromagnetic waves to and from the transceiver 2006.
- the reflector 2002 can be shaped as a half-circle as depicted in the cross- sectional view of FIG. 20 A to avoid physical interference with the power line 1904 and to prevent a reflection of all of the electromagnetic waves 1911 towards the optical transceiver 2006.
- a half-circle structure for the reflector 2002, less than 50% of the electromagnetic waves 1911 are reflected. This in turn limits the attenuation of the electromagnetic waves 1911 by 50% or less, which enables a substantial portion of the electromagnetic waves 1911 to continue to propagate past the reflector 2002 along the outer surface of the power line 1904.
- a repeater 710 such as shown in FIG.
- the electromagnetic waves 1911 can propagate on a surface 2112 of the track 1909 that does not make contact with the wheels of the railroad car 1902.
- An optical transceiver 2006 similar to the one previously described can transmit electromagnetic waves 2007 to the reflector 2002 which are reflected onto the surface 2112 of the track 1909.
- the optical transceiver 2006 can receive electromagnetic waves 2007 reflected from the electromagnetic waves 1911 propagating on the surface 2112 of the track 1909.
- the reflector 2002 can be configured as half-circle to enable a portion of the electromagnetic waves 1911 to continue propagating past the reflector 2002.
- Repeaters 710 can be used at periodic locations of the track 1909 to restore the electromagnetic waves 1911 to a desirable magnitude, thereby enabling other railroad cars 1902 at remote locations to make use of the communication services provided by the track 1909 by way of their own optical transceiver 2006.
- a dielectric waveguide 2020 attached to a waveguide system 1402 (such as depicted in FIG. 14), attached to the railroad car 1902, can be used in place of the optical transceiver 2006.
- the dielectric waveguide 2020 can be placed near the surface 2112 of the track 1909 at a desirable gap that avoids contact with the surface 2112.
- the dielectric waveguide 2020 can be placed near the power line 1904 at a desirable gap that avoids contact with the power line 1904.
- Each of the waveguide system 1402 can include a communications interface 1408 that can transmit and receive wireless RF signals.
- the communications interface 1408 of the waveguide system 1402 can be configured to transmit RF signals to provide wireless communication services to the railroad car 1902.
- the railroad car 1902 can be equipped with a wireless RF transceiver (not shown) that can be powered by the railroad car 1902, and that can communicate with waveguide systems 1402 at various locations depending on the communication range of each waveguide system 1402.
- the wireless transceiver can transition from one waveguide system 1402 to another as it becomes apparent that the communication range of one waveguide system 1402 weakens while another comes into the communication range of the wireless transceiver.
- the wireless transceiver and the waveguide system 1402 can be configured to communicate according to known RF standards (e.g., LTE) or can use other RF spectrum such as millimeter wavelengths for high bandwidth communications.
- LTE long term evolution
- An embodiment which relies on RF communications can be used in place of the foregoing embodiments shown in FIGs. 20 A- 20D.
- the reflector 2002 has been illustrated in the shape of a half circle, other shapes are likewise available to achieve the desired level of reflection.
- the reflector 2002 could also be in the shape of an oval, a circular or ovular segment, a rectangle, or a trapezoid without departing from example embodiments.
- any combination of embodiments of the subject disclosure can be applied to the embodiments associated with the transportation system 1900.
- FIGs. 19A-19C and 20A-20D can be adapted for other suitable transportation systems including automotive and other motor vehicles.
- cement or metal barriers used to separate motor vehicle traffic in highways can be adapted with waveguides and/or RF millimeter wave transceivers as described above for providing communication services (e.g., Internet and/or voice services) to vehicles.
- Power lines used to power buses can be adapted to use waveguides as described in the subject disclosure to provide communication services (e.g., Internet and/or voice services) to its passengers.
- Cement or metal barriers, power lines to power buses, railroad tracks to transport trains, and power lines to power trains are non-limiting illustrations of components of systems for transporting vehicles.
- FIGs. 19A-19C and 20A-20D can be used for enterprise and/or commercial applications such as, for example, logistics (e.g., receiving data from cargo transported by railroad cars 1902 of the transportation system 1900 and/or sending data to such cargo), communicating with enterprise personnel of the transportation system 1900, receiving telemetry information from railroad cars 1902 of the transportation system 1900, sending data to railroad cars 1902 of the transportation system 1900 for maintenance and/or control of such vehicles, and so on.
- logistics e.g., receiving data from cargo transported by railroad cars 1902 of the transportation system 1900 and/or sending data to such cargo
- FIG. 21 there is illustrated a block diagram of a computing environment in accordance with various aspects described herein.
- FIG. 21 and the following discussion are intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitable computing environment 2100 in which the various embodiments of the subject disclosure can be implemented. While the embodiments have been described above in the general context of computer-executable instructions that can run on one or more computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments can be also implemented in combination with other program modules and/or as a combination of hardware and software.
- program modules comprise routines, programs, components, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types.
- inventive methods can be practiced with other computer system configurations, comprising single-processor or multiprocessor computer systems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, as well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based or
- programmable consumer electronics and the like, each of which can be operatively coupled to one or more associated devices.
- the illustrated embodiments of the embodiments herein can be also practiced in distributed computing environments where certain tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network.
- program modules can be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
- Computing devices typically comprise a variety of media, which can comprise computer-readable storage media and/or communications media, which two terms are used herein differently from one another as follows.
- Computer-readable storage media can be any available storage media that can be accessed by the computer and comprises both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media.
- Computer-readable storage media can be implemented in connection with any method or technology for storage of information such as computer- readable instructions, program modules, structured data or unstructured data.
- Computer-readable storage media can comprise, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory
- RAM random access memory
- ROM read only memory
- EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read only memory
- flash memory or other memory
- compact disk read only memory CD-ROM
- digital versatile disk DVD
- other optical disk storage magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or other tangible and/or non-transitory media which can be used to store desired information.
- tangible or ānon- transitoryā herein as applied to storage, memory or computer-readable media, are to be understood to exclude only propagating transitory signals per se as modifiers and do not relinquish rights to all standard storage, memory or computer-readable media that are not only propagating transitory signals per se.
- Computer-readable storage media can be accessed by one or more local or remote computing devices, e.g., via access requests, queries or other data retrieval protocols, for a variety of operations with respect to the information stored by the medium.
- Communications media typically embody computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other structured or unstructured data in a data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and comprises any information delivery or transport media.
- modulated data signal or signals refers to a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in one or more signals.
- communication media comprise wired media, such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.
- the example environment can comprise a computer 2102, the computer 2102 comprising a processing unit 2104, a system memory 2106 and a system bus 2108.
- the system bus 2108 couples system components including, but not limited to, the system memory 2106 to the processing unit 2104.
- the processing unit 2104 can be any of various commercially available processors. Dual microprocessors and other multi-processor architectures can also be employed as the processing unit 2104.
- the system bus 2108 can be any of several types of bus structure that can further interconnect to a memory bus (with or without a memory controller), a peripheral bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of commercially available bus architectures.
- the system memory 2106 comprises ROM 2110 and RAM 2112.
- a basic input/output system (BIOS) can be stored in a non-volatile memory such as ROM, erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), EEPROM, which BIOS contains the basic routines that help to transfer information between elements within the computer 2102, such as during startup.
- the RAM 2112 can also comprise a high-speed RAM such as static RAM for caching data.
- the computer 2102 further comprises an internal hard disk drive (HDD) 2114 (e.g., EIDE, SATA), which internal hard disk drive 2114 can also be configured for external use in a suitable chassis (not shown), a magnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 2116, (e.g., to read from or write to a removable diskette 2118) and an optical disk drive 2120, (e.g., reading a CD-ROM disk 2122 or, to read from or write to other high capacity optical media such as the DVD).
- the hard disk drive 2114, magnetic disk drive 2116 and optical disk drive 2120 can be connected to the system bus 2108 by a hard disk drive interface 2124, a magnetic disk drive interface 2126 and an optical drive interface 2128, respectively.
- the interface 2124 for external drive implementations comprises at least one or both of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 1394 interface technologies. Other external drive connection technologies are within contemplation of the embodiments described herein.
- the drives and their associated computer-readable storage media provide nonvolatile storage of data, data structures, computer-executable instructions, and so forth.
- the drives and storage media accommodate the storage of any data in a suitable digital format.
- computer-readable storage media refers to a hard disk drive (HDD), a removable magnetic diskette, and a removable optical media such as a CD or DVD, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other types of storage media which are readable by a computer, such as zip drives, magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, cartridges, and the like, can also be used in the example operating environment, and further, that any such storage media can contain computer-executable instructions for performing the methods described herein.
- a number of program modules can be stored in the drives and RAM 2112, comprising an operating system 2130, one or more application programs 2132, other program modules 2134 and program data 2136. All or portions of the operating system, applications, modules, and/or data can also be cached in the RAM 2112.
- the systems and methods described herein can be implemented utilizing various commercially available operating systems or combinations of operating systems.
- Examples of application programs 2132 that can be implemented and otherwise executed by processing unit 2104 include the diversity selection determining performed by repeater device 806.
- a user can enter commands and information into the computer 2102 through one or more wired/wireless input devices, e.g., a keyboard 2138 and a pointing device, such as a mouse 2140.
- Other input devices can comprise a microphone, an infrared (IR) remote control, a joystick, a game pad, a stylus pen, touch screen or the like.
- IR infrared
- These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 2104 through an input device interface 2142 that can be coupled to the system bus 2108, but can be connected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, an IEEE 1394 serial port, a game port, a universal serial bus (USB) port, an IR interface, etc.
- a monitor 2144 or other type of display device can be also connected to the system bus 2108 via an interface, such as a video adapter 2146. It will also be
- a monitor 2144 can also be any display device (e.g., another computer having a display, a smart phone, a tablet computer, etc.) for receiving display information associated with computer 2102 via any communication means, including via the Internet and cloud-based networks.
- a computer typically comprises other peripheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers, printers, etc.
- the computer 2102 can operate in a networked environment using logical connections via wired and/or wireless communications to one or more remote computers, such as a remote computer(s) 2148.
- the remote computer(s) 2148 can be a workstation, a server computer, a router, a personal computer, portable computer, microprocessor- based entertainment appliance, a peer device or other common network node, and typically comprises many or all of the elements described relative to the computer 2102, although, for purposes of brevity, only a memory/storage device 2150 is illustrated.
- the logical connections depicted comprise wired/wireless connectivity to a local area network (LAN) 2152 and/or larger networks, e.g., a wide area network (WAN) 2154.
- LAN and WAN networking environments are commonplace in offices and companies, and facilitate enterprise- wide computer networks, such as intranets, all of which can connect to a global communications network, e.g., the Internet.
- the computer 2102 can be connected to the local network 2152 through a wired and/or wireless communication network interface or adapter 2156.
- the adapter 2156 can facilitate wired or wireless communication to the LAN 2152, which can also comprise a wireless AP disposed thereon for communicating with the wireless adapter 2156.
- the computer 2102 can comprise a modem 2158 or can be connected to a communications server on the WAN 2154 or has other means for establishing communications over the WAN 2154, such as by way of the Internet.
- the modem 2158 which can be internal or external and a wired or wireless device, can be connected to the system bus 2108 via the input device interface 2142.
- program modules depicted relative to the computer 2102 or portions thereof can be stored in the remote memory/storage device 2150. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are example and other means of establishing a communications link between the computers can be used.
- the computer 2102 can be operable to communicate with any wireless devices or entities operatively disposed in wireless communication, e.g., a printer, scanner, desktop and/or portable computer, portable data assistant, communications satellite, any piece of equipment or location associated with a wirelessly detectable tag (e.g., a kiosk, news stand, restroom), and telephone.
- any wireless devices or entities operatively disposed in wireless communication e.g., a printer, scanner, desktop and/or portable computer, portable data assistant, communications satellite, any piece of equipment or location associated with a wirelessly detectable tag (e.g., a kiosk, news stand, restroom), and telephone.
- This can comprise Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) and BLUETOOTHĀ® wireless technologies.
- Wi-Fi Wireless Fidelity
- BLUETOOTHĀ® wireless technologies can be a predefined structure as with a conventional network or simply an ad hoc communication between at least two devices.
- Wi-Fi can allow connection to the Internet from a couch at home, a bed in a hotel room or a conference room at work, without wires.
- Wi-Fi is a wireless technology similar to that used in a cell phone that enables such devices, e.g., computers, to send and receive data indoors and out; anywhere within the range of a base station.
- Wi-Fi networks use radio technologies called IEEE 802.11 (a, b, g, n, ac, etc.) to provide secure, reliable, fast wireless connectivity.
- a Wi-Fi network can be used to connect computers to each other, to the Internet, and to wired networks (which can use IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet).
- Wi-Fi networks operate in the unlicensed 2.4 and 5 GHz radio bands for example or with products that contain both bands (dual band), so the networks can provide real- world performance similar to the basic lOBaseT wired Ethernet networks used in many offices.
- FIG. 22 presents an example embodiment 2200 of a mobile network platform 2210 that can implement and exploit one or more aspects of the disclosed subject matter described herein.
- the mobile network platform 2210 can generate and receive signals transmitted and received by base stations (e.g., base station devices 102, 104 or520), central office (e.g., central office 101, 1411, or 2000), or repeater devices (e.g., repeater devices 710, or 806) associated with the disclosed subject matter.
- base stations e.g., base station devices 102, 104 or520
- central office e.g., central office 101, 1411, or 2000
- repeater devices e.g., repeater devices 710, or 806
- wireless network platform 2210 can comprise components, e.g., nodes, gateways, interfaces, servers, or disparate platforms, that facilitate both packet-switched (PS) (e.g., internet protocol (IP), frame relay, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)) and circuit- switched (CS) traffic (e.g., voice and data), as well as control generation for networked wireless telecommunication.
- PS packet-switched
- IP internet protocol
- ATM asynchronous transfer mode
- CS circuit- switched
- wireless network platform 2210 can be included in telecommunications carrier networks, and can be considered carrier-side components as discussed elsewhere herein.
- Mobile network platform 2210 comprises CS gateway node(s) 2212 which can interface CS traffic received from legacy networks like telephony network(s) 2240 (e.g., public switched telephone network (PSTN), or public land mobile network (PLMN)) or a signaling system #7 (SS7) network 2270.
- Circuit switched gateway node(s) 2212 can authorize and authenticate traffic (e.g., voice) arising from such networks.
- CS gateway node(s) 2212 can access mobility, or roaming, data generated through SS7 network 2270; for instance, mobility data stored in a visited location register (VLR), which can reside in memory 2230.
- VLR visited location register
- CS gateway node(s) 2212 interfaces CS- based traffic and signaling and PS gateway node(s) 2218.
- CS gateway node(s) 2212 can be realized at least in part in gateway GPRS support node(s) (GGSN). It should be appreciated that functionality and specific operation of CS gateway node(s) 2212, PS gateway node(s) 2218, and serving node(s) 2216, is provided and dictated by radio technology(ies) utilized by mobile network platform 2210 for telecommunication.
- PS gateway node(s) 2218 can authorize and authenticate PS-based data sessions with served mobile devices.
- Data sessions can comprise traffic, or content(s), exchanged with networks external to the wireless network platform 2210, like wide area network(s) (WANs) 2250, enterprise network(s) 2270, and service network(s) 2280, which can be embodied in local area network(s) (LANs), can also be interfaced with mobile network platform 2210 through PS gateway node(s) 2218.
- WANs 2250 and enterprise network(s) 2260 can embody, at least in part, a service network(s) like IP multimedia subsystem (IMS).
- IMS IP multimedia subsystem
- packet- switched gateway node(s) 2218 can generate packet data protocol contexts when a data session is established; other data structures that facilitate routing of packetized data also can be generated.
- PS gateway node(s) 2218 can comprise a tunnel interface (e.g., tunnel termination gateway (TTG) in 3GPP UMTS network(s) (not shown)) which can facilitate packetized communication with disparate wireless network(s), such as Wi-Fi networks.
- TSG tunnel termination gateway
- wireless network platform 2210 also comprises serving node(s) 2216 that, based upon available radio technology layer(s) within technology resource(s) 2217, convey the various packetized flows of data streams received through PS gateway node(s) 2218.
- serving node(s) 2216 can deliver traffic without reliance on PS gateway node(s) 2218; for example, server node(s) can embody at least in part a mobile switching center.
- serving node(s) 2216 can be embodied in serving GPRS support node(s) (SGSN).
- server(s) 2214 in wireless network platform 2210 can execute numerous applications that can generate multiple disparate packetized data streams or flows, and manage (e.g., schedule, queue, format ...) such flows.
- Such application(s) can comprise add-on features to standard services (for example, provisioning, billing, customer support ...) provided by wireless network platform 2210.
- Data streams e.g., content(s) that are part of a voice call or data session
- PS gateway node(s) 2218 for authorization/authentication and initiation of a data session
- serving node(s) 2216 for communication thereafter.
- server(s) 2214 can comprise utility server(s), a utility server can comprise a provisioning server, an operations and maintenance server, a security server that can implement at least in part a certificate authority and firewalls as well as other security mechanisms, and the like.
- security server(s) secure communication served through wireless network platform 2210 to ensure network's operation and data integrity in addition to authorization and authentication procedures that CS gateway node(s) 2212 and PS gateway node(s) 2218 can enact.
- provisioning server(s) can provision services from external network(s) like networks operated by a disparate service provider; for instance, WAN 2250 or Global Positioning System (GPS) network(s) (not shown).
- GPS Global Positioning System
- Provisioning server(s) can also provision coverage through networks associated to wireless network platform 2210 (e.g., deployed and operated by the same service provider), such as the distributed antennas networks shown in FIG. l(s) that enhance wireless service coverage by providing more network coverage. Repeater devices such as those shown in FIGs 7, 8, and 9 also improve network coverage in order to enhance subscriber service experience by way of UE 2275.
- networks associated to wireless network platform 2210 e.g., deployed and operated by the same service provider
- Repeater devices such as those shown in FIGs 7, 8, and 9 also improve network coverage in order to enhance subscriber service experience by way of UE 2275.
- server(s) 2214 can comprise one or more processors configured to confer at least in part the functionality of macro network platform 2210. To that end, the one or more processor can execute code instructions stored in memory 2230, for example. It is should be appreciated that server(s) 2214 can comprise a content manager 2215, which operates in substantially the same manner as described
- memory 2230 can store information related to operation of wireless network platform 2210. Other operational information can comprise provisioning information of mobile devices served through wireless platform network 2210, subscriber databases; application intelligence, pricing schemes, e.g., promotional rates, flat-rate programs, couponing campaigns; technical specification(s) consistent with telecommunication protocols for operation of disparate radio, or wireless, technology layers; and so forth. Memory 2230 can also store information from at least one of telephony network(s) 2240, WAN 2250, enterprise network(s) 2260, or SS7 network 2270. In an aspect, memory 2230 can be, for example, accessed as part of a data store component or as a remotely connected memory store.
- FIG. 22 and the following discussion are intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitable environment in which the various aspects of the disclosed subject matter can be implemented. While the subject matter has been described above in the general context of computer-executable instructions of a computer program that runs on a computer and/or computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that the disclosed subject matter also can be implemented in combination with other program modules. Generally, program modules comprise routines, programs, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks and/or implement particular abstract data types.
- FIG. 23 depicts an illustrative embodiment of a communication device 2300.
- the communication device 2300 can serve as an illustrative embodiment of devices such as mobile devices and in-building devices referred to by the subject disclosure (e.g., in FIGs.l and 14).
- the communication device 2300 can comprise a wireline and/or wireless transceiver 2302 (herein transceiver 2302), a user interface (UI) 2304, a power supply 2314, a location receiver 2316, a motion sensor 2318, an orientation sensor 2320, and a controller 2306 for managing operations thereof.
- the transceiver 2302 can support short- range or long-range wireless access technologies such as Bluetooth Ā® , ZigBee Ā® , WiFi, DECT, or cellular communication technologies, just to mention a few (Bluetooth Ā® and ZigBee Ā® are trademarks registered by the Bluetooth Ā® Special Interest Group and the ZigBee Ā® Alliance, respectively).
- Cellular technologies can include, for example, CDMA- IX, UMTS/HSDPA, GSM/GPRS, TDMA/EDGE, EV/DO, WiMAX, SDR, LTE, as well as other next generation wireless communication technologies as they arise.
- the transceiver 2302 can also be adapted to support circuit-switched wireline access technologies (such as PSTN), packet- switched wireline access technologies (such as TCP/IP, VoIP, etc.), and combinations thereof.
- the UI 2304 can include a depressible or touch- sensitive keypad 2308 with a navigation mechanism such as a roller ball, a joystick, a mouse, or a navigation disk for manipulating operations of the communication device 2300.
- the keypad 2308 can be an integral part of a housing assembly of the communication device 2300 or an independent device operably coupled thereto by a tethered wireline interface (such as a USB cable) or a wireless interface supporting for example Bluetooth Ā® .
- the keypad 2308 can represent a numeric keypad commonly used by phones, and/or a QWERTY keypad with
- the UI 2304 can further include a display 2310 such as monochrome or color LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) or other suitable display technology for conveying images to an end user of the communication device 2300.
- a display 2310 such as monochrome or color LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) or other suitable display technology for conveying images to an end user of the communication device 2300.
- a portion or all of the keypad 2308 can be presented by way of the display 2310 with navigation features.
- the display 2310 can use touch screen technology to also serve as a user interface for detecting user input.
- the communication device 2300 can be adapted to present a user interface having graphical user interface (GUI) elements that can be selected by a user with a touch of a finger.
- GUI graphical user interface
- the touch screen display 2310 can be equipped with capacitive, resistive or other forms of sensing technology to detect how much surface area of a user's finger has been placed on a portion of the touch screen display. This sensing information can be used to control the manipulation of the GUI elements or other functions of the user interface.
- the display 2310 can be an integral part of the housing assembly of the communication device 2300 or an independent device communicatively coupled thereto by a tethered wireline interface (such as a cable) or a wireless interface.
- the UI 2304 can also include an audio system 2312 that utilizes audio technology for conveying low volume audio (such as audio heard in proximity of a human ear) and high volume audio (such as speakerphone for hands free operation).
- the audio system 2312 can further include a microphone for receiving audible signals of an end user.
- the audio system 2312 can also be used for voice recognition applications.
- the UI 2304 can further include an image sensor 2313 such as a charged coupled device (CCD) camera for capturing still or moving images.
- the power supply 2314 can utilize common power management technologies such as replaceable and rechargeable batteries, supply regulation technologies, and/or charging system technologies for supplying energy to the components of the
- the charging system can utilize external power sources such as DC power supplied over a physical interface such as a USB port or other suitable tethering technologies.
- the location receiver 2316 can utilize location technology such as a global positioning system (GPS) receiver capable of assisted GPS for identifying a location of the communication device 2300 based on signals generated by a constellation of GPS satellites, which can be used for facilitating location services such as navigation.
- GPS global positioning system
- the motion sensor 2318 can utilize motion sensing technology such as an accelerometer, a gyroscope, or other suitable motion sensing technology to detect motion of the communication device 2300 in three-dimensional space.
- the orientation sensor 2320 can utilize orientation sensing technology such as a magnetometer to detect the orientation of the communication device 2300 (north, south, west, and east, as well as combined orientations in degrees, minutes, or other suitable orientation metrics).
- the communication device 2300 can use the transceiver 2302 to also determine a proximity to a cellular, WiFi, Bluetooth Ā® , or other wireless access points by sensing techniques such as utilizing a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and/or signal time of arrival (TO A) or time of flight (TOF) measurements.
- the controller 2306 can utilize computing technologies such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), programmable gate arrays, application specific integrated circuits, and/or a video processor with associated storage memory such as Flash, ROM, RAM, SRAM, DRAM or other storage technologies for executing computer instructions, controlling, and processing data supplied by the aforementioned components of the communication device 2300.
- computing technologies such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), programmable gate arrays, application specific integrated circuits, and/or a video processor with associated storage memory such as Flash, ROM, RAM, SRAM, DRAM or other storage technologies for executing computer instructions, controlling, and processing data supplied by the aforementioned components of
- the communication device 2300 can include a slot for adding or removing an identity module such as a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card or Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC).
- SIM Subscriber Identity Module
- UICC Universal Integrated Circuit Card
- SIM or UICC cards can be used for identifying subscriber services, executing programs, storing subscriber data, and so on.
- the memory components described herein can be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can comprise both volatile and nonvolatile memory, by way of illustration, and not limitation, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, disk storage, and memory storage.
- nonvolatile memory can be included in read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory.
- Volatile memory can comprise random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory.
- RAM is available in many forms such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM).
- SRAM synchronous RAM
- DRAM dynamic RAM
- SDRAM synchronous DRAM
- DDR SDRAM double data rate SDRAM
- ESDRAM enhanced SDRAM
- SLDRAM Synchlink DRAM
- DRRAM direct Rambus RAM
- the disclosed memory components of systems or methods herein are intended to comprise, without being limited to comprising, these and any other suitable types of memory.
- multiprocessor computer systems mini-computing devices, mainframe computers, as well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices (e.g. , PDA, phone, watch, tablet computers, netbook computers, etc.), microprocessor-based or programmable consumer or industrial electronics, and the like.
- the illustrated aspects can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network; however, some if not all aspects of the subject disclosure can be practiced on stand-alone computers.
- program modules can be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
- Some of the embodiments described herein can also employ artificial intelligence (AI) to facilitate automating one or more features described herein.
- AI artificial intelligence
- artificial intelligence can be used to determine positions around a wire that dielectric waveguides 604 and 606 should be placed in order to maximize transfer efficiency.
- the embodiments e.g., in connection with automatically identifying acquired cell sites that provide a maximum value/benefit after addition to an existing
- a communication network can employ various AI-based schemes for carrying out various embodiments thereof.
- the classifier can be employed to determine a ranking or priority of the each cell site of the acquired network.
- Such classification can employ a probabilistic and/or statistical-based analysis (e.g., factoring into the analysis utilities and costs) to prognose or infer an action that a user desires to be automatically performed.
- a support vector machine (SVM) is an example of a classifier that can be employed.
- the SVM operates by finding a hypersurface in the space of possible inputs, which the hypersurface attempts to split the triggering criteria from the non-triggering events. Intuitively, this makes the classification correct for testing data that is near, but not identical to training data.
- Other directed and undirected model classification approaches comprise, e.g., naive Bayes, Bayesian networks, decision trees, neural networks, fuzzy logic models, and probabilistic classification models providing different patterns of independence can be employed. Classification as used herein also is inclusive of statistical regression that is utilized to develop models of priority.
- one or more of the embodiments can employ classifiers that are explicitly trained (e.g., via a generic training data) as well as implicitly trained (e.g., via observing UE behavior, operator preferences, historical information, receiving extrinsic information).
- SVMs can be configured via a learning or training phase within a classifier constructor and feature selection module.
- the classifier(s) can be used to automatically learn and perform a number of functions, including but not limited to determining according to a predetermined criteria which of the acquired cell sites will benefit a maximum number of subscribers and/or which of the acquired cell sites will add minimum value to the existing communication network coverage, etc.
- the terms "component,ā āsystemā and the like are intended to refer to, or comprise, a computer- related entity or an entity related to an operational apparatus with one or more specific functionalities, wherein the entity can be either hardware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution.
- a component may be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, computer-executable instructions, a program, and/or a computer.
- both an application running on a server and the server can be a component.
- One or more components may reside within a process and/or thread of execution and a component may be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon. The components may communicate via local and/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network such as the Internet with other systems via the signal).
- a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network such as the Internet with other systems via the signal).
- a component can be an apparatus with specific functionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric or electronic circuitry, which is operated by a software or firmware application executed by a processor, wherein the processor can be internal or external to the apparatus and executes at least a part of the software or firmware application.
- a component can be an apparatus that provides specific functionality through electronic components without mechanical parts, the electronic components can comprise a processor therein to execute software or firmware that confers at least in part the functionality of the electronic components. While various components have been illustrated as separate components, it will be appreciated that multiple components can be implemented as a single component, or a single component can be implemented as multiple components, without departing from example embodiments.
- the various embodiments can be implemented as a method, apparatus or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques to produce software, firmware, hardware or any combination thereof to control a computer to implement the disclosed subject matter.
- article of manufacture as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer- readable device or computer-readable storage/communications media.
- computer readable storage media can include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips), optical disks (e.g., compact disk (CD), digital versatile disk (DVD)), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., card, stick, key drive).
- magnetic storage devices e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips
- optical disks e.g., compact disk (CD), digital versatile disk (DVD)
- smart cards e.g., card, stick, key drive
- example and exemplary are used herein to mean serving as an instance or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as āexampleā or āexemplaryā is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word example or exemplary is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion.
- the term āorā is intended to mean an inclusive āorā rather than an exclusive āorā. That is, unless specified otherwise or clear from context, "X employs A or B" is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations.
- terms such as āuser equipment,ā āmobile station,ā āmobile,ā subscriber station,ā āaccess terminal,ā āterminal,ā āhandset,ā āmobile deviceā can refer to a wireless device utilized by a subscriber or user of a wireless communication service to receive or convey data, control, voice, video, sound, gaming or substantially any data-stream or signaling- stream.
- the foregoing terms are utilized interchangeably herein and with reference to the related drawings.
- processor can refer to substantially any computing processing unit or device comprising, but not limited to comprising, single- core processors; single-processors with software multithread execution capability; multi- core processors; multi-core processors with software multithread execution capability; multi-core processors with hardware multithread technology; parallel platforms; and parallel platforms with distributed shared memory.
- a processor can refer to an integrated circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic controller (PLC), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein.
- ASIC application specific integrated circuit
- DSP digital signal processor
- FPGA field programmable gate array
- PLC programmable logic controller
- CPLD complex programmable logic device
- processors can exploit nano-scale architectures such as, but not limited to, molecular and quantum-dot based transistors, switches and gates, in order to optimize space usage or enhance performance of user equipment.
- a processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing processing units.
- embodiments of the subject disclosure can be performed alone or in combination with other steps or functions of the subject disclosure, as well as from other embodiments or from other steps that have not been described in the subject disclosure. Further, more than or less than all of the features described with respect to an embodiment can also be utilized.
Abstract
Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, a system for transmitting first electromagnetic waves that propagate on a surface of a component of a transit system, and receiving second electromagnetic waves that propagate on the surface of the component of the transit system. Other embodiments are disclosed.
Description
METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR TRANSMITTING OR RECEIVING SIGNALS IN A TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM VIA SURFACE WAVES OVER POWER LINES
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application Serial No.
14/513,550 filed October 14, 2014. The contents of the foregoing are hereby incorporated by reference into this application as if set forth herein in full.
FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE
[0002] The subject disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving signals in a transportation system.
BACKGROUND
[0003] As smart phones and other portable devices increasingly become ubiquitous, and data usage increases, macrocell base station devices and existing wireless infrastructure in turn require higher bandwidth capability to address the increased demand. To provide additional mobile bandwidth, small cell deployment is being pursued, with microcells and picocells providing coverage for much smaller areas than traditional macrocells.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0004] Reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, and wherein:
[0005] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a guided wave communications system in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[0006] FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a dielectric waveguide coupler in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[0007] FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a dielectric waveguide coupler in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[0008] FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a dielectric waveguide coupler in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[0009] FIG. 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a dielectric waveguide coupler and transceiver in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[00010] FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a dual dielectric waveguide coupler in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[00011] FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a bidirectional dielectric waveguide coupler in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[00012] FIG. 8 illustrates a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a bidirectional dielectric waveguide coupler in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[00013] FIG. 9 illustrates a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a bidirectional repeater system in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[00014] FIGs. 10A, 10B, and lOCare block diagrams illustrating example, non- limiting embodiments of a slotted waveguide coupler in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[00015] FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a waveguide coupling system in accordance with various aspects described herein
[00016] FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a waveguide coupling system in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[00017] FIG. 13 illustrates a flow diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a method for transmitting a transmission with a dielectric waveguide coupler as described herein.
[00018] FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a waveguide system in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[00019] FIGs. 15A, 15B, 15C, 15D, 15E, 15F, and 15G illustrate example, non- limiting embodiments of sources for disturbances detectable by the waveguide system of FIG. 14 as described herein.
[00020] FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a system for managing a power grid communication system in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[00021] FIG. 17A illustrates a flow diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a method for detecting and mitigating disturbances occurring in a communication network of the system of FIG. 16.
[00022] FIG. 17B illustrates a flow diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a method for detecting and mitigating disturbances occurring in a communication network of the system of FIG. 16.
[00023] FIG. 18A illustrates an example, non-limiting embodiment for mitigating a disturbance detected by the waveguide system of FIG. 14 as described herein.
[00024] FIG. 18B illustrates another example, non-limiting embodiment for mitigating a disturbance detected by the waveguide system of FIG. 14 as described herein.
[00025] FIGs. 19A, 19B, and 19C depict block diagrams of example, non-limiting embodiments of a transportation system and components thereof in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[00026] FIGs. 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D depict block diagrams of example, non- limiting embodiments of devices for delivering communication services to users of the transportation system in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[00027] FIG. 21is a block diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a computing environment in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[00028] FIG. 22is a block diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a mobile network platform in accordance with various aspects described herein.
[00029] FIG. 23is a block diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a communication device in accordance with various aspects described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[00030] One or more embodiments are now described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various embodiments. It is evident, however, that the various embodiments can be practiced without these details (and without applying to any particular networked environment or standard).
[00031] To provide network connectivity to additional base station devices, the backhaul network that links the communication cells (e.g., microcells and macrocells) to network devices of the core network correspondingly expands. Similarly, to provide network connectivity to a distributed antenna system, an extended communication system that links base station devices and their distributed antennas is desirable. A guided wave communication system can be provided to enable alternative, increased or additional network connectivity and a waveguide coupling system can be provided to transmit and/or receive guided wave (e.g., surface wave) communications on a wire, such as a wire that operates as a single-wire transmission line (e.g., a utility line), that operates as a waveguide and/or that otherwise operates to guide the transmission of an electromagnetic wave.
[00032] In an embodiment, a waveguide coupler that is utilized in a waveguide coupling system can be made of a dielectric material, or other low-loss insulator (e.g., Teflon, polyethylene and etc.), or even be made of a conducting (e.g., metallic, non- metallic, etc.) material, or any combination of the foregoing materials. Reference throughout the detailed description to "dielectric waveguide" is for illustration purposes and does not limit embodiments to being constructed solely of dielectric materials. In other embodiments, other dielectric or insulating materials are possible. It will be appreciated that a variety of transmission media can be utilized with guided wave communications without departing from example embodiments. Examples of such transmission media can include one or more of the following, either alone or in one or
more combinations: wires, whether insulated or not, and whether single-stranded or multi-stranded; conductors of other shapes or configurations including wire bundles, cables, rods, rails, pipes; non-conductors such as dielectric pipes, rods, rails, or other dielectric members; combinations of conductors and dielectric materials; or other guided wave transmission media.
[00033] For these and/or other considerations, in one or more embodiments, an apparatus comprises a waveguide that facilitates propagation of a first electromagnetic wave at least in part on a waveguide surface, wherein the waveguide surface does not surround in whole or in substantial part a wire surface of a wire, and, in response to the waveguide being positioned with respect to the wire, the first electromagnetic wave couples at least in part to the wire surface and travels at least partially around the wire surface as a second electromagnetic wave, and wherein the second electromagnetic wave has at least one wave propagation mode for propagating longitudinally along the wire.
[00034] In another embodiment, an apparatus comprises a waveguide that has a waveguide surface that defines a cross sectional area of the waveguide wherein a wire is positioned outside of the cross-sectional area of the waveguide such that a first electromagnetic wave, traveling along the wire at least in part on the wire surface, couples at least in part to the waveguide surface and travels at least partially around the waveguide surface as a second electromagnetic wave.
[00035] In an embodiment, a method comprises emitting, by a transmission device, a first electromagnetic wave that propagates at least in part on a waveguide surface of a waveguide, wherein the waveguide is not coaxially aligned with a wire. The method can also include configuring the waveguide in proximity of the wire to facilitate coupling of at least a part of the first electromagnetic wave to a wire surface, forming a second electromagnetic wave that propagates longitudinally along the wire and at least partially around the wire surface.
[00036] In another embodiment, an apparatus comprises, in one or more embodiments, a waveguide having a slot formed by opposing slot surfaces that are non-parallel, wherein the opposing slot surfaces are separated by a distance that enables insertion of a wire in the slot, wherein the waveguide facilitates propagation of a first electromagnetic wave at least in part on a waveguide surface, and, in response to the waveguide being positioned
with respect to the wire, the first electromagnetic wave couples at least in part to a wire surface of the wire and travels at least partially around the wire surface as a second electromagnetic wave for propagating longitudinally along the wire, and wherein the second electromagnetic wave has at least one wave propagation mode.
[00037] In another embodiment, an apparatus comprises, in one or more embodiments, a waveguide, wherein the waveguide comprises a material that is not electrically conductive and is suitable for propagating electromagnetic waves on a waveguide surface of the waveguide, wherein the waveguide facilitates propagation of a first
electromagnetic wave at least in part on the waveguide surface, and, in response to the waveguide being positioned with respect to a wire, the first electromagnetic wave couples at least in part to a wire surface of the wire and travels at least partially around the wire surface as a second electromagnetic wave, and wherein the second electromagnetic wave has at least one wave propagation mode for propagating longitudinally along the wire.
[00038] One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes an apparatus having a waveguide that facilitates transmission or reception of electromagnetic waves along a wire surface of a wire of a power grid that also facilitates delivery of electric energy to devices. The apparatus can further include one or more sensors that facilitate sensing of a disturbance that is adverse to the waveguide, the wire, the transmission or reception of electromagnetic waves that propagate along the wire surface or waveguide surface, or any combination thereof.
[00039] One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a method for transmitting, by an apparatus having a waveguide and a sensor, electromagnetic waves that propagate along a wire surface of a wire that facilitates delivery of electric energy to devices, and sensing, by the sensor, a disturbance that is adverse to the electromagnetic waves that propagate along the wire surface.
[00040] One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a machine-readable (e.g., computer-readable, processor-readable, etc.) storage medium having executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations, including inducing with or via a waveguide, electromagnetic waves guided along a surface of a transmission medium, and collecting sensing data from a sensor, the sensing
data associated with a disturbance that is adverse to the electromagnetic waves guided along the surface of the transmission medium.
[00041] One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes an apparatus having a processor and a memory. The processor can perform an operation of receiving telemetry information from a waveguide system coupled to a sensor, detecting from the telemetry information a disturbance that is adverse to one of operations of the waveguide system, the transmission or reception of the electromagnetic waves along the wire surface or the waveguide surface, or a combination thereof, and reporting the disturbance. The waveguide system can comprise a waveguide that can be positioned with respect to a wire of a power grid that facilitates delivery of electric energy to devices. The waveguide can also facilitate transmission or reception of electromagnetic waves along a wire surface of the wire, while the sensor can facilitate sensing disturbances adverse to electromagnetic waves.
[00042] One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a method for receiving, by a network element comprising a processor, telemetry information from a waveguide system, determining, by the network element, a disturbance from sensing data included in the telemetry information, and transmitting, by the network element, instructions to the waveguide system to adjust a route of the electromagnetic waves to avoid or compensate for the disturbance determined. The waveguide system can facilitate transmission of electromagnetic waves along a wire surface of a wire of a power grid and sensing of disturbances adverse to the transmission or reception of the electromagnetic waves.
[00043] One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a machine-readable (e.g., computer-readable, processor-readable, etc.) storage medium having executable instructions that, when executed by a processor, facilitate performance of operations, including receiving telemetry information from an apparatus that induces electromagnetic waves on a wire surface of a wire of a power grid for delivery of communication signals to a recipient communication device coupled to the power grid, and detecting a disturbance from the telemetry information that is adverse to a delivery of the
communication signals to the recipient communication device.
[00044] One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a method for transmitting, by a waveguide system, first electromagnetic waves on a surface of a transmission
medium via a communications interface of the waveguide, and receiving, by the waveguide system, second electromagnetic waves propagating on the surface of the transmission medium. The transmission medium can be represented by a component of a passenger transportation system that enables transport of a vehicle of the passenger transportation system.
[00045] One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a waveguide system having a waveguide that facilitates transmission or reception of electromagnetic waves that propagate along a surface of a component of a passenger transportation system, a memory that stores instructions, and a processor. Responsive to executing the instructions, the processor can perform operations including transmitting first
electromagnetic waves that propagate on the surface of the component of the passenger transportation system.
[00046] One embodiment of the subject disclosure includes a machine-readable device having instructions. When the instructions are executed by a processor of a waveguide system, the processor can perform operations including transmitting first electromagnetic waves that propagate on a surface of a component of a transit system, and receiving second electromagnetic waves that propagate on the surface of the component of the transit system.
[00047] Various embodiments described herein relate to a waveguide coupling system for launching and extracting guided wave (e.g., surface wave communications that are electromagnetic waves) transmissions from a wire. At millimeter-wave frequencies (e.g., 30 to 300 GHz), wherein the wavelength can be small compared to the size of the equipment, transmissions can propagate as waves guided by a waveguide, such as a strip or length of dielectric material or other coupler. The electromagnetic field structure of the guided wave can be inside and/or outside of the waveguide. When this waveguide is brought into close proximity to a wire (e.g., a utility line or other transmission line), at least a portion of the guided waves decouples from the waveguide and couples to the wire, and continue to propagate as guided waves, such as surface waves about the surface of the wire.
[00048] According to an example embodiment, a surface wave is a type of guided wave that is guided by a surface of the wire, which can include an exterior or outer
surface of the wire, or another surface of the wire that is adjacent to or exposed to another type of medium having different properties (e.g., dielectric properties). Indeed, in an example embodiment, a surface of the wire that guides a surface wave can represent a transitional surface between two different types of media. For example, in the case of a bare or uninsulated wire, the surface of the wire can be the outer or exterior conductive surface of the bare or uninsulated wire that is exposed to air or free space. As another example, in the case of insulated wire, the surface of the wire can be the conductive portion of the wire that meets the insulator portion of the wire, or can otherwise be the insulator surface of the wire that is exposed to air or free space, or can otherwise be any material region between the insulator surface of the wire and the conductive portion of the wire that meets the insulator portion of the wire, depending upon the relative differences in the properties (e.g., dielectric properties) of the insulator, air, and/or the conductor and further dependent on the frequency and propagation mode or modes of the guided wave.
[00049] According to an example embodiment, guided waves such as surface waves can be contrasted with radio transmissions over free space / air or conventional propagation of electrical power or signals through the conductor of the wire. Indeed, with surface wave or guided wave systems described herein, conventional electrical power or signals can still propagate or be transmitted through the conductor of the wire, while guided waves (including surface waves and other electromagnetic waves) can propagate or be transmitted about the surface of the wire, according to an example embodiment. In an embodiment, a surface wave can have a field structure (e.g., an electromagnetic field structure) that lies primarily or substantially outside of the line, wire, or transmission medium that serves to guide the surface wave.
[00050] According to an example embodiment, the electromagnetic waves traveling along the wire and around the outer surface of the wire are induced by other
electromagnetic waves traveling along a waveguide in proximity to the wire. The inducement of the electromagnetic waves can be independent of any electrical potential, charge or current that is injected or otherwise transmitted through the wires as part of an electrical circuit. It is to be appreciated that while a small current in the wire may be formed in response to the propagation of the electromagnetic wave along the wire, this
can be due to the propagation of the electromagnetic wave along the wire surface, and is not formed in response to electrical potential, charge or current that is injected into the wire as part of an electrical circuit. The electromagnetic waves traveling on the wire therefore do not require a circuit to propagate along the wire surface. The wire therefore is a single wire transmission line that is not part of a circuit. Also, in some embodiments, a wire is not necessary, and the electromagnetic waves can propagate along a single line transmission medium that is not a wire.
[00051] According to an example embodiment, the term "about" a wire used in conjunction with a guided wave (e.g., surface wave) can include fundamental wave propagation modes and other guided waves having a circular or substantially circular field distribution (e.g., electric field, magnetic field, electromagnetic field, etc.) at least partially around a wire or other transmission medium. In addition, when a guided wave propagates "about" a wire or other transmission medium, it can do so according to a wave propagation mode that includes not only the fundamental wave propagation modes (e.g., zero order modes), but additionally or alternatively other non-fundamental wave propagation modes such as higher-order guided wave modes (e.g., 1st order modes, 2nd order modes, etc.), asymmetrical modes and/or other guided (e.g., surface) waves that have non-circular field distributions around a wire or other transmission medium.
[00052] For example, such non-circular field distributions can be unilateral or multilateral with one or more axial lobes characterized by relatively higher field strength and/or one or more nulls or null regions characterized by relatively low-field strength, zero-field strength or substantially zero field strength. Further, the field distribution can otherwise vary as a function of a longitudinal axial orientation around the wire such that one or more regions of axial orientation around the wire have an electric or magnetic field strength (or combination thereof) that is higher than one or more other regions of axial orientation, according to an example embodiment. It will be appreciated that the relative positions of the wave higher order modes or asymmetrical modes can vary as the guided wave travels along the wire.
[00053] Referring now to FIG. 1, a block diagram illustrating an example, non- limiting embodiment of a guided wave communication system 100 is shown. Guided wave communication system 100 depicts an exemplary environment in which a dielectric
waveguide coupling system can be used.
[00054] Guided wave communication system 100 can comprise a first instance of a distributed system 150 that includes one or more base station devices (e.g., base station device 104) that are communicably coupled to a central office lOland/or a macrocell site 102 . Base station device 104 can be connected by a wired (e.g., fiber and/or cable), or by a wireless (e.g., microwave wireless) connection to the macrocell site 102 and the central office 101. A second instance of the distributed system 160 can be used to provide wireless voice and data services to mobile device 122 and to residential and/or commercial establishments 142 (herein referred to as establishments 142). System 100 can have additional instances of the distribution systems 150 and 160 for providing voice and/or data services to mobile devices 122-124 and establishments 142 as shown in FIG. 1.
[00055] Macrocells such as macrocell site 102 can have dedicated connections to the mobile network and base station device 104 can share and/or otherwise use macrocell site 102's connection. Central office 101 can be used to distribute media content and/or provide internet service provider (ISP) services to mobile devices 122-124 and establishments 142. The central office 101 can receive media content from a
constellation of satellites 130 (one of which is shown in FIG. 1) or other sources of content, and distribute such content to mobile devices 122-124 and establishments 142 via the first and second instances of the distribution system 15 and 160. The central office 101 can also be communicatively coupled to the Internet 103 for providing internet data services to mobile devices 122-124 and establishments 142.
[00056] Base station device 104 can be mounted on, or attached to, utility pole 116. In other embodiments, base station device 104 can be near transformers and/or other locations situated nearby a power line. Base station device 104 can facilitate connectivity to a mobile network for mobile devices 122 and 124. Antennas 112 and 114, mounted on or near utility poles 118 and 120, respectively, can receive signals from base station device 104 and transmit those signals to mobile devices 122 and 124 over a much wider area than if the antennas 112 and 114 were located at or near base station device 104.
[00057] It is noted that FIG. 1 displays three utility poles, in each instance of the distribution systems 150 and 160, with one base station device, for purposes of
simplicity. In other embodiments, utility pole 116 can have more base station devices, and more utility poles with distributed antennas and/or tethered connections to establishments 142.
[00058] A dielectric waveguide coupling device 106 can transmit the signal from base station device 104 to antennas 112 and 114 via utility or power line(s) that connect the utility poles 116, 118, and 120. To transmit the signal, radio source and/or coupler 106 upconverts the signal (e.g., via frequency mixing) from base station device 104 or otherwise converts the signal from the base station device 104 to a millimeter- wave band signal and the dielectric waveguide coupling device 106 launches a millimeter- wave band wave that propagates as a guided wave (e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave) traveling along the utility line or other wire. At utility pole 118, another dielectric waveguide coupling device 108 receives the guided wave (and optionally can amplify it as needed or desired or operate as a digital repeater to receive it and regenerate it) and sends it forward as a guided wave (e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave) on the utility line or other wire. The dielectric waveguide coupling device 108 can also extract a signal from the millimeter-wave band guided wave and shift it down in frequency or otherwise convert it to its original cellular band frequency (e.g., 1.9 GHz or other defined cellular frequency) or another cellular (or non-cellular) band frequency. An antenna 112 can transmit (e.g., wirelessly transmit) the downshifted signal to mobile device 122. The process can be repeated by dielectric waveguide coupling device 110, antenna 114 and mobile device 124, as necessary or desirable.
[00059] Transmissions from mobile devices 122 and 124 can also be received by antennas 112 and 114 respectively. Repeaters on dielectric waveguide coupling devices 108 and 110 can upshift or otherwise convert the cellular band signals to millimeter- wave band and transmit the signals as guided wave (e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave) transmissions over the power line(s) to base station device 104.
[00060] Media content received by the central office 101 can be supplied to the second instance of the distribution system 160 via the base station device 104 for distribution to mobile devices 122 and establishments 142. The dielectric waveguide coupling device 110 can be tethered to the establishments 142 by one or more wired connections or a wireless interface. The one or more wired connections, may include without limitation, a
power line, a coaxial cable, a fiber cable, a twisted pair cable, or other suitable wired mediums for distribution of media content and/or for providing internet services. In an example embodiment, the wired connections from the waveguide coupling device 110 can be communicatively coupled to one or more very high bit rate digital subscriber line (VDSL) modems located at one or more corresponding service area interfaces (SAIs - not shown), each SAI providing services to a portion of the establishments 142. The VDSL modems can be used to selectively distribute media content and/or provide internet services to gateways (not shown) located in the establishments 142. The SAIs can also be communicatively coupled to the establishments 142 over a wired medium such as a power line, a coaxial cable, a fiber cable, a twisted pair cable, or other suitable wired mediums. In other example embodiments, the waveguide coupling device 110 can be communicatively coupled directly to establishments 142 without intermediate interfaces such as the SAIs.
[00061] In another example embodiment, system 100 can employ diversity paths, where two or more utility lines or other wires are strung between the utility poles 116, 118, and 120 (e.g., for example, two or more wires between poles 116 and 120) and redundant transmissions from base station 104 are transmitted as guided waves down the surface of the utility lines or other wires. The utility lines or other wires can be either insulated or uninsulated, and depending on the environmental conditions that cause transmission losses, the coupling devices can selectively receive signals from the insulated or uninsulated utility lines or other wires. The selection can be based on measurements of the signal-to-noise ratio of the wires, or based on determined weather/environmental conditions (e.g., moisture detectors, weather forecasts, etc.). The use of diversity paths with system 100 can enable alternate routing capabilities, load balancing, increased load handling, concurrent bi-directional or synchronous
communications, spread spectrum communications, etc. (See FIG. 8 for more illustrative details).
[00062] It is noted that the use of the dielectric waveguide coupling devices 106, 108, and 110 in FIG. 1 are by way of example only, and that in other embodiments, other uses are possible. For instance, dielectric waveguide coupling devices can be used in a backhaul communication system, providing network connectivity to base station devices.
Dielectric waveguide coupling devices can be used in many circumstances where it is desirable to transmit guided wave communications over a wire, whether insulated or not insulated. Dielectric waveguide coupling devices are improvements over other coupling devices due to no contact or limited physical and/or electrical contact with the wires that may carry high voltages. With dielectric waveguide coupling devices, the apparatus can be located away from the wire (e.g., spaced apart from the wire) and/or located on the wire so long as it is not electrically in contact with the wire, as the dielectric acts as an insulator, allowing for cheap, easy, and/or less complex installation. However, as previously noted conducting or non-dielectric couplers can be employed, for example in configurations where the wires correspond to a telephone network, cable television network, broadband data service, fiber optic communications system or other network employing low voltages or having insulated transmission lines.
[00063] It is further noted, that while base station device 104 and macrocell site 102 are illustrated in an embodiment, other network configurations are likewise possible. For example, devices such as access points or other wireless gateways can be employed in a similar fashion to extend the reach of other networks such as a wireless local area network, a wireless personal area network or other wireless network that operates in accordance with a communication protocol such as a 802.11 protocol, WIMAX protocol, UltraWideband protocol, Bluetooth protocol, Zigbee protocol or other wireless protocol.
[00064] Turning now to FIG. 2, illustrated is a block diagram of an example, non- limiting embodiment of a dielectric waveguide coupling system 200 in accordance with various aspects described herein. System 200 comprises a dielectric waveguide 204 that has a wave 206 propagating as a guided wave about a waveguide surface of the dielectric waveguide 204. In an embodiment, the dielectric waveguide 204 is curved, and at least a portion of the waveguide 204 can be placed near a wire 202 in order to facilitate coupling between the waveguide 204 and the wire 202, as described herein. The dielectric waveguide 204 can be placed such that a portion of the curved dielectric waveguide 204 is parallel or substantially parallel to the wire 202. The portion of the dielectric waveguide 204 that is parallel to the wire can be an apex of the curve, or any point where a tangent of the curve is parallel to the wire 202. When the dielectric waveguide 204 is positioned or placed thusly, the wave 206 travelling along the dielectric waveguide 204
couples, at least in part, to the wire 202, and propagates as guided wave 208 around or about the wire surface of the wire 202 and longitudinally along the wire 202. The guided wave 208 can be characterized as a surface wave or other electromagnetic wave, although other types of guided waves 208 can supported as well without departing from example embodiments. A portion of the wave 206 that does not couple to the wire 202 propagates as wave 210 along the dielectric waveguide 204. It will be appreciated that the dielectric waveguide 204 can be configured and arranged in a variety of positions in relation to the wire 202 to achieve a desired level of coupling or non-coupling of the wave 206 to the wire 202. For example, the curvature and/or length of the dielectric waveguide 2014 that is parallel or substantially parallel, as well as its separation distance (which can include zero separation distance in an embodiment), to the wire 202 can be varied without departing for example embodiments. Likewise, the arrangement of dielectric waveguide 204 in relation to the wire 202 may be varied based upon considerations of the respective intrinsic characteristics (e.g., thickness, composition, electromagnetic properties, etc.) of the wire 202 and the dielectric waveguide 204, as well as the characteristics (e.g., frequency, energy level, etc.) of the waves 206 and 208.
[00065] The guided wave 208 stays parallel or substantially parallel to the wire 202, even as the wire 202 bends and flexes. Bends in the wire 202 can increase transmission losses, which are also dependent on wire diameters, frequency, and materials. If the dimensions of the dielectric waveguide 204 are chosen for efficient power transfer, most of the power in the wave 206 is transferred to the wire 202, with little power remaining in wave 210. It will be appreciated that the guided wave 208 can still be multi-modal in nature (discussed herein), including having modes that are non-fundamental or asymmetric, while traveling along a path that is parallel or substantially parallel to the wire 202, with or without a fundamental transmission mode. In an embodiment, non- fundamental or asymmetric modes can be utilized to minimize transmission losses and/or obtain increased propagation distances.
[00066] It is noted that the term parallel is generally a geometric construct which often is not exactly achievable in real systems. Accordingly, the term parallel as utilized in the subject disclosure represents an approximation rather than an exact configuration when used to describe embodiments disclosed in the subject disclosure. In an embodiment,
substantially parallel can include approximations that are within 30 degrees of true parallel in all dimensions.
[00067] In an embodiment, the wave 206 can exhibit one or more wave propagation modes. The dielectric waveguide modes can be dependent on the shape and/or design of the waveguide 204. The one or more dielectric waveguide modes of wave 206 can generate, influence, or impact one or more wave propagation modes of the guided wave 208 propagating along wire 202. In an embodiment, the wave propagation modes on the wire 202 can be similar to the dielectric waveguide modes since both waves 206 and 208 propagate about the outside of the dielectric waveguide 204 and wire 202 respectively. In some embodiments, as the wave 206 couples to the wire 202, the modes can change form, or new modes can be created or generated, due to the coupling between the dielectric waveguide 204 and the wire 202. For example, differences in size, material, and/or impedances of the dielectric waveguide 204 and wire 202 may create additional modes not present in the dielectric waveguide modes and/or suppress some of the dielectric waveguide modes. The wave propagation modes can comprise the fundamental transverse electromagnetic mode (Quasi-TEM0o), where only small electric and/or magnetic fields extend in the direction of propagation, and the electric and magnetic fields extend radially outwards while the guided wave propagates along the wire. This guided wave mode can be donut shaped, where few of the electromagnetic fields exist within the dielectric waveguide 204 or wire 202.
[00068] Waves 206 and 208 can comprise a fundamental TEM mode where the fields extend radially outwards, and also comprise other, non-fundamental (e.g., asymmetric, higher-level, etc.) modes. While particular wave propagation modes are discussed above, other wave propagation modes are likewise possible such as transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes, based on the frequencies employed, the design of the dielectric waveguide 204, the dimensions and composition of the wire 202, as well as its surface characteristics, its optional insulation, the electromagnetic properties of the surrounding environment, etc. It should be noted that, depending on the frequency, the electrical and physical characteristics of the wire 202 and the particular wave propagation modes that are generated, guided wave 208 can travel along the conductive surface of an oxidized uninsulated wire, an unoxidized uninsulated wire, an insulated wire and/or along
the insulating surface of an insulated wire.
[00069] In an embodiment, a diameter of the dielectric waveguide 204 is smaller than the diameter of the wire 202. For the millimeter-band wavelength being used, the dielectric waveguide 204 supports a single waveguide mode that makes up wave 206. This single waveguide mode can change as it couples to the wire 202 as surface 208. If the dielectric waveguide 204 were larger, more than one waveguide mode can be supported, but these additional waveguide modes may not couple to the wire 202 as efficiently, and higher coupling losses can result. However, in some alternative embodiments, the diameter of the dielectric waveguide 204 can be equal to or larger than the diameter of the wire 202, for example, where higher coupling losses are desirable or when used in conjunction with other techniques to otherwise reduce coupling losses (e.g., impedance matching with tapering, etc.).
[00070] In an embodiment, the wavelength of the waves 206 and 208 are comparable in size, or smaller than a circumference of the dielectric waveguide 204 and the wire 202. In an example, if the wire 202 has a diameter of 0.5 cm, and a corresponding
circumference of around 1.5 cm, the wavelength of the transmission is around 1.5 cm or less, corresponding to a frequency of 20 GHz or greater. In another embodiment, a suitable frequency of the transmission and the carrier-wave signal is in the range of 30 - 100 GHz, perhaps around 30-60 GHz, and around 38 GHz in one example. In an embodiment, when the circumference of the dielectric waveguide 204 and wire 202 is comparable in size to, or greater, than a wavelength of the transmission, the waves 206 and 208 can exhibit multiple wave propagation modes including fundamental and/or non- fundamental (symmetric and/or asymmetric) modes that propagate over sufficient distances to support various communication systems described herein. The waves 206 and 208 can therefore comprise more than one type of electric and magnetic field configuration. In an embodiment, as the guided wave 208 propagates down the wire 202, the electrical and magnetic field configurations will remain the same from end to end of the wire 202. In other embodiments, as the guided wave 208 encounters interference or loses energy due to transmission losses, the electric and magnetic field configurations can change as the guided wave 208 propagates down wire 202.
[00071] In an embodiment, the dielectric waveguide 204 can be composed of nylon,
Teflon, polyethylene, a polyamide, or other plastics. In other embodiments, other dielectric materials are possible. The wire surface of wire 202 can be metallic with either a bare metallic surface, or can be insulated using plastic, dielectric, insulator or other sheathing. In an embodiment, a dielectric or otherwise non-conducting/insulated waveguide can be paired with either a bare/metallic wire or insulated wire. In other embodiments, a metallic and/or conductive waveguide can be paired with a bare/metallic wire or insulated wire. In an embodiment, an oxidation layer on the bare metallic surface of the wire 202 (e.g., resulting from exposure of the bare metallic surface to oxygen/air) can also provide insulating or dielectric properties similar to those provided by some insulators or sheathings.
[00072] It is noted that the graphical representations of waves 206, 208 and 210 are presented merely to illustrate the principles that wave 206 induces or otherwise launches a guided wave 208 on a wire 202 that operates, for example, as a single wire transmission line. Wave 210 represents the portion of wave 206 that remains on the dielectric waveguide 204 after the generation of guided wave 208. The actual electric and magnetic fields generated as a result of such wave propagation may vary depending on the frequencies employed, the particular wave propagation mode or modes, the design of the dielectric waveguide 204, the dimensions and composition of the wire 202, as well as its surface characteristics, its optional insulation, the electromagnetic properties of the surrounding environment, etc.
[00073] It is noted that dielectric waveguide 204 can include a termination circuit or damper 214 at the end of the dielectric waveguide 204 that can absorb leftover radiation or energy from wave 210. The termination circuit or damper 214 can prevent and/or minimize the leftover radiation or energy from wave 210 reflecting back toward transmitter circuit 212. In an embodiment, the termination circuit or damper 214 can include termination resistors, and/or other components that perform impedance matching to attenuate reflection. In some embodiments, if the coupling efficiencies are high enough, and/or wave 210 is sufficiently small, it may not be necessary to use a termination circuit or damper 214. For the sake of simplicity, these transmitter and termination circuits or dampers 212 and 214 are not depicted in the other figures, but in those embodiments, transmitter and termination circuits or dampers may possibly be
used.
[00074] Further, while a single dielectric waveguide 204 is presented that generates a single guided wave 208, multiple dielectric waveguides 204 placed at different points along the wire 202 and/or at different axial orientations about the wire can be employed to generate and receive multiple guided waves 208 at the same or different frequencies, at the same or different phases, at the same or different wave propagation modes. The guided wave or waves 208 can be modulated to convey data via a modulation technique such as phase shift keying, frequency shift keying, quadrature amplitude modulation, amplitude modulation, multi-carrier modulation and via multiple access techniques such as frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, code division
multiplexing, multiplexing via differing wave propagation modes and via other modulation and access strategies.
[00075] Turning now to FIG. 3, illustrated is a block diagram of an example, non- limiting embodiment of a dielectric waveguide coupling system 300 in accordance with various aspects described herein. System 300 comprises a dielectric waveguide 304 and a wire 302 that has a wave 306 propagating as a guided wave about a wire surface of the wire 302. In an example embodiment, the wave 306 can be characterized as a surface wave or other electromagnetic wave.
[00076] In an example embodiment, the dielectric waveguide 304 is curved or otherwise has a curvature, and can be placed near a wire 302 such that a portion of the curved dielectric waveguide 304 is parallel or substantially parallel to the wire 302. The portion of the dielectric waveguide 304 that is parallel to the wire can be an apex of the curve, or any point where a tangent of the curve is parallel to the wire 302. When the dielectric waveguide 304 is near the wire, the guided wave 306 travelling along the wire 302 can couple to the dielectric waveguide 304 and propagate as guided wave 308 about the dielectric waveguide 304. A portion of the guided wave 306 that does not couple to the dielectric waveguide 304 propagates as guided wave 310 (e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave) along the wire 302.
[00077] The guided waves 306 and 308 stay parallel to the wire 302 and dielectric waveguide 304, respectively, even as the wire 302 and dielectric waveguide 304 bend and flex. Bends can increase transmission losses, which are also dependent on wire
diameters, frequency, and materials. If the dimensions of the dielectric waveguide 304 are chosen for efficient power transfer, most of the energy in the guided wave 306 is coupled to the dielectric waveguide 304 and little remains in guided wave 310.
[00078] In an embodiment, a receiver circuit can be placed on the end of waveguide 304 in order to receive wave 308. A termination circuit can be placed on the opposite end of the waveguide 304 in order to receive guided waves traveling in the opposite direction to guided wave 306 that couple to the waveguide 304. The termination circuit would thus prevent and/or minimize reflections being received by the receiver circuit. If the reflections are small, the termination circuit may not be necessary.
[00079] It is noted that the dielectric waveguide 304 can be configured such that selected polarizations of the surface wave 306 are coupled to the dielectric waveguide 304 as guided wave 308. For instance, if guided wave 306 is made up of guided waves or wave propagation modes with respective polarizations, dielectric waveguide 304 can be configured to receive one or more guided waves of selected polarization(s). Guided wave 308 that couples to the dielectric waveguide 304 is thus the set of guided waves that correspond to one or more of the selected polarization(s), and further guided wave 310 can comprise the guided waves that do not match the selected polarization(s).
[00080] The dielectric waveguide 304 can be configured to receive guided waves of a particular polarization based on an angle/rotation around the wire 302 that the dielectric waveguide 304 is placed. For instance, if the guided wave 306 is polarized horizontally, most of the guided wave 306 transfers to the dielectric waveguide as wave 308. As the dielectric waveguide 304 is rotated 90 degrees around the wire 302, though, most of the energy from guided wave 306 would remain coupled to the wire as guided wave 310, and only a small portion would couple to the wire 302 as wave 308.
[00081] It is noted that waves 306, 308, and 310 are shown using three circular symbols in FIG. 3 and in other figures in the specification. These symbols are used to represent a general guided wave, but do not imply that the waves 306, 308, and 310 are necessarily circularly polarized or otherwise circularly oriented. In fact, waves 306, 308, and 310 can comprise a fundamental TEM mode where the fields extend radially outwards, and also comprise other, non-fundamental (e.g. higher-level, etc.) modes. These modes can be asymmetric (e.g., radial, bilateral, trilateral, quadrilateral, etc,) in
nature as well.
[00082] It is noted also that guided wave communications over wires can be full duplex, allowing simultaneous communications in both directions. Waves traveling one direction can pass through waves traveling in an opposite direction. Electromagnetic fields may cancel out at certain points and for short times due to the superposition principle as applied to waves. The waves traveling in opposite directions propagate as if the other waves weren't there, but the composite effect to an observer may be a stationary standing wave pattern. As the guided waves pass through each other and are no longer in a state of superposition, the interference subsides. As a guided wave (e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave) couples to a waveguide and move away from the wire, any interference due to other guided waves (e.g., surface waves or other electromagnetic wave) decreases. In an embodiment, as guided wave 306 (e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave) approaches dielectric waveguide 304, another guided wave (e.g., surface wave or other electromagnetic wave) (not shown) traveling from left to right on the wire 302 passes by causing local interference. As guided wave 306 couples to dielectric waveguide 304 as wave 308, and moves away from the wire 302, any interference due to the passing guided wave subsides.
[00083] It is noted that the graphical representations of waves 306, 308 and 310 are presented merely to illustrate the principles that guided wave 306 induces or otherwise launches a wave 308 on a dielectric waveguide 304. Guided wave 310 represents the portion of guided wave 306 that remains on the wire 302 after the generation of wave 308. The actual electric and magnetic fields generated as a result of such guided wave propagation may vary depending on one or more of the shape and/or design of the dielectric waveguide, the relative position of the dielectric waveguide to the wire, the frequencies employed, the design of the dielectric waveguide 304, the dimensions and composition of the wire 302, as well as its surface characteristics, its optional insulation, the electromagnetic properties of the surrounding environment, etc.
[00084] Turning now to FIG. 4, illustrated is a block diagram of an example, non- limiting embodiment of a dielectric waveguide coupling system 400 in accordance with various aspects described herein. System 400 comprises a dielectric waveguide 404 that has a wave 406 propagating as a guided wave about a waveguide surface of the dielectric
waveguide 404. In an embodiment, the dielectric waveguide 404 is curved, and an end of the dielectric waveguide 404 can be tied, fastened, or otherwise mechanically coupled to a wire 402. When the end of the dielectric waveguide 404 is fastened to the wire 402, the end of the dielectric waveguide 404 is parallel or substantially parallel to the wire 402. Alternatively, another portion of the dielectric waveguide beyond an end can be fastened or coupled to wire 402 such that the fastened or coupled portion is parallel or
substantially parallel to the wire 402. The coupling device 410 can be a nylon cable tie or other type of non-conducting/dielectric material that is either separate from the dielectric waveguide 404 or constructed as an integrated component of the dielectric waveguide 404. The dielectric waveguide 404 can be adjacent to the wire 402 without surrounding the wire 402.
[00085] When the dielectric waveguide 404 is placed with the end parallel to the wire 402, the guided wave 406 travelling along the dielectric waveguide 404 couples to the wire 402, and propagates as guided wave 408 about the wire surface of the wire 402. In an example embodiment, the guided wave 408 can be characterized as a surface wave or other electromagnetic wave.
[00086] It is noted that the graphical representations of waves 406 and 408 are presented merely to illustrate the principles that wave 406 induces or otherwise launches a guided wave 408 on a wire 402 that operates, for example, as a single wire transmission line. The actual electric and magnetic fields generated as a result of such wave propagation may vary depending on one or more of the shape and/or design of the dielectric waveguide, the relative position of the dielectric waveguide to the wire, the frequencies employed, the design of the dielectric waveguide 404, the dimensions and composition of the wire 402, as well as its surface characteristics, its optional insulation, the electromagnetic properties of the surrounding environment, etc.
[00087] In an embodiment, an end of dielectric waveguide 404 can taper towards the wire 402 in order to increase coupling efficiencies. Indeed, the tapering of the end of the dielectric waveguide 404 can provide impedance matching to the wire 402, according to an example embodiment of the subject disclosure. For example, an end of the dielectric waveguide 404 can be gradually tapered in order to obtain a desired level of coupling between waves 406 and 408 as illustrated in FIG. 4.
[00088] In an embodiment, the coupling device 410 can be placed such that there is a short length of the dielectric waveguide 404 between the coupling device 410 and an end of the dielectric waveguide 404. Maximum coupling efficiencies are realized when the length of the end of the dielectric waveguide 404 that is beyond the coupling device 410 is at least several wavelengths long for whatever frequency is being transmitted.
[00089] Turning now to FIG. 5, illustrated is a block diagram of an example, non- limiting embodiment of a dielectric waveguide coupler and transceiver system 500 (referred to herein collectively as system 500) in accordance with various aspects described herein. System 500 comprises a transmitter/receiver device 506 that launches and receives waves (e.g., guided wave 504 onto dielectric waveguide 502). The guided waves 504 can be used to transport signals received from and sent to a base station 520,mobile devices 522, or a building 524 by way of a communications interface 501. The communications interface 501 can be an integral part of system 500. Alternatively, the communications interface 501 can be tethered to system 500. The communications interface 501 can comprise a wireless interface for interfacing to the base station 520, the mobile devices 522, or building 524 utilizing any of various wireless signaling protocols (e.g., LTE, WiFi, WiMAX, IEEE 802. xx, etc.). The communications interface 501 can also comprise a wired interface such as a fiber optic line, coaxial cable, twisted pair, or other suitable wired mediums for transmitting signals to the base station 520 or building 524. For embodiments where system 500 functions as a repeater, the communications interface 501 may not be necessary.
[00090] The output signals (e.g., Tx) of the communications interface 501 can be combined with a millimeter- wave carrier wave generated by a local oscillator 512 at frequency mixer 510. Frequency mixer 510 can use heterodyning techniques or other frequency shifting techniques to frequency shift the output signals from communications interface 501. For example, signals sent to and from the communications interface 501 can be modulated signals such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexed (OFDM) signals formatted in accordance with a Long-Term Evolution (LTE) wireless protocol or other wireless 3G, 4G, 5G or higher voice and data protocol, a Zigbee, WIMAX, UltraWideband or IEEE 802.11 wireless protocol or other wireless protocol. In an example embodiment, this frequency conversion can be done in the analog domain, and
as a result, the frequency shifting can be done without regard to the type of communications protocol that the base station 520, mobile devices 522, or in-building devices 524use. As new communications technologies are developed, the
communications interface 501 can be upgraded or replaced and the frequency shifting and transmission apparatus can remain, simplifying upgrades. The carrier wave can then be sent to a power amplifier ("PA") 514 and can be transmitted via the transmitter receiver device 506 via the diplexer 516.
[00091] Signals received from the transmitter/receiver device 506 that are directed towards the communications interface 501 can be separated from other signals via diplexer 516. The transmission can then be sent to low noise amplifier ("LNA") 518 for amplification. A frequency mixer 521, with help from local oscillator 512 can downshift the transmission (which is in the millimeter- wave band or around 38 GHz in some embodiments) to the native frequency. The communications interface 501 can then receive the transmission at an input port (Rx).
[00092] In an embodiment, transmitter/receiver device 506 can include a cylindrical or non-cylindrical metal (which, for example, can be hollow in an embodiment, but not necessarily drawn to scale) or other conducting or non-conducting waveguide and an end of the dielectric waveguide 502 can be placed in or in proximity to the waveguide or the transmitter/receiver device 506 such that when the transmitter/receiver device 506 generates a transmission, the guided wave couples to dielectric waveguide 502 and propagates as a guided wave 504 about the waveguide surface of the dielectric waveguide 502. Similarly, if guided wave 504 is incoming (coupled to the dielectric waveguide 502 from a wire), guided wave 504 then enters the transmitter / receiver device 506 and couples to the cylindrical waveguide or conducting waveguide. While
transmitter/receiver device 506 is shown to include a separate waveguideā an antenna, cavity resonator, klystron, magnetron, travelling wave tube, or other radiating element can be employed to induce a guided wave on the waveguide 502, without the separate waveguide.
[00093] In an embodiment, dielectric waveguide 502 can be wholly constructed of a dielectric material (or another suitable insulating material), without any metallic or otherwise conducting materials therein. Dielectric waveguide 502 can be composed of
nylon, Teflon, polyethylene, a polyamide, other plastics, or other materials that are nonconducting and suitable for facilitating transmission of electromagnetic waves on an outer surface of such materials. In another embodiment, dielectric waveguide 502 can include a core that is conducting/metallic, and have an exterior dielectric surface.
Similarly, a transmission medium that couples to the dielectric waveguide 502 for propagating electromagnetic waves induced by the dielectric waveguide 502 or for supplying electromagnetic waves to the dielectric waveguide 502 can be wholly constructed of a dielectric material (or another suitable insulating material), without any metallic or otherwise conducting materials therein.
[00094] It is noted that although FIG. 5 shows that the opening of transmitter receiver device 506 is much wider than the dielectric waveguide 502, this is not to scale, and that in other embodiments the width of the dielectric waveguide 502 is comparable or slightly smaller than the opening of the hollow waveguide. It is also not shown, but in an embodiment, an end of the waveguide 502 that is inserted into the transmitter/receiver device 506 tapers down in order to reduce reflection and increase coupling efficiencies.
[00095] The transmitter/receiver device 506 can be communicably coupled to a communications interface 501, and alternatively, transmitter/receiver device 506 can also be communicably coupled to the one or more distributed antennas 112 and 114 shown in FIG. 1. In other embodiments, transmitter receiver device 506 can comprise part of a repeater system for a backhaul network.
[00096] Before coupling to the dielectric waveguide 502, the one or more waveguide modes of the guided wave generated by the transmitter/receiver device 506 can couple to one or more wave propagation modes of the guided wave 504. The wave propagation modes can be different than the hollow metal waveguide modes due to the different characteristics of the hollow metal waveguide and the dielectric waveguide. For instance, wave propagation modes can comprise the fundamental transverse electromagnetic mode (Quasi-TEMoo), where only small electrical and/or magnetic fields extend in the direction of propagation, and the electric and magnetic fields extend radially outwards from the dielectric waveguide 502 while the guided waves propagate along the dielectric waveguide 502. The fundamental transverse electromagnetic mode wave propagation mode does not exist inside a waveguide that is hollow. Therefore, the hollow metal
waveguide modes that are used by transmitter/receiver device 506 are waveguide modes that can couple effectively and efficiently to wave propagation modes of dielectric waveguide 502.
[00097] Turning now to FIG. 6, illustrated is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a dual dielectric waveguide coupling system 600 in accordance with various aspects described herein. In an embodiment, two or more dielectric waveguides (e.g., 604 and 606) can be positioned around a wire 602 in order to receive guided wave 608. In an embodiment, the guided wave 608 can be characterized as a surface wave or other electromagnetic wave. In an embodiment, one dielectric waveguide is enough to receive the guided wave 608. In that case, guided wave 608 couples to dielectric waveguide 604 and propagates as guided wave 610. If the field structure of the guided wave 608 oscillates or undulates around the wire 602 due to various outside factors, then dielectric waveguide 606 can be placed such that guided wave 608 couples to dielectric waveguide 606. In some embodiments, four or more dielectric waveguides can be placed around a portion of the wire 602, e.g., at 90 degrees or another spacing with respect to each other, in order to receive guided waves that may oscillate or rotate around the wire 602, that have been induced at different axial orientations or that have non-fundamental or higher order modes that, for example, have lobes and/or nulls or other asymmetries that are orientation dependent. However, it will be appreciated that there may be less than or more than four dielectric waveguides placed around a portion of the wire 602 without departing from example embodiments. It will also be appreciated that while some example embodiments have presented a plurality of dielectric waveguides around at least a portion of a wire 602, this plurality of dielectric waveguides can also be considered as part of a single dielectric waveguide system having multiple dielectric waveguide subcomponents. For example, two or more dielectric waveguides can be manufactured as single system that can be installed around a wire in a single installation such that the dielectric waveguides are either pre-positioned or adjustable relative to each other (either manually or automatically) in accordance with the single system. Receivers coupled to dielectric waveguides 606 and 604 can use diversity combining to combine signals received from both dielectric waveguides 606 and 604 in order to maximize the signal quality. In other embodiments, if one or the other of a
dielectric waveguides 604 and 606 receive a transmission that is above a predetermined threshold, receivers can use selection diversity when deciding which signal to use.
[00098] It is noted that the graphical representations of waves 608 and 610 are presented merely to illustrate the principles that guided wave 608 induces or otherwise launches a wave 610 on a dielectric waveguide 604. The actual electric and magnetic fields generated as a result of such wave propagation may vary depending on the frequencies employed, the design of the dielectric waveguide 604, the dimensions and composition of the wire 602, as well as its surface characteristics, its optional insulation, the electromagnetic properties of the surrounding environment, etc.
[00099] Turning now to FIG. 7, illustrated is a block diagram of an example, non- limiting embodiment of a bidirectional dielectric waveguide coupling system 700 in accordance with various aspects described herein. In system 700, two dielectric waveguides 704 and 714 can be placed near a wire 702 such that guided waves (e.g., surface waves or other electromagnetic waves) propagating along the wire 702 are coupled to dielectric waveguide 704 as wave 706, and then are boosted or repeated by repeater device 710 and launched as a guided wave 716 onto dielectric waveguide 714. The guided wave 716 can then couple to wire 702 and continue to propagate along the wire 702. In an embodiment, the repeater device 710 can receive at least a portion of the power utilized for boosting or repeating through magnetic coupling with the wire 702, which can be a power line.
[000100] In some embodiments, repeater device 710 can repeat the transmission associated with wave 706, and in other embodiments, repeater device 710 can be associated with a distributed antenna system and/or base station device located near the repeater device 710. Receiver waveguide 708 can receive the wave 706 from the dielectric waveguide 704 and transmitter waveguide 712 can launch guided wave 716 onto dielectric waveguide 714. Between receiver waveguide 708 and transmitter waveguide 712, the signal can be amplified to correct for signal loss and other inefficiencies associated with guided wave communications or the signal can be received and processed to extract the data contained therein and regenerated for transmission. In an embodiment, a signal can be extracted from the transmission and processed and otherwise emitted to mobile devices nearby via distributed antennas communicably
coupled to the repeater device 710. Similarly, signals and/or communications received by the distributed antennas can be inserted into the transmission that is generated and launched onto dielectric waveguide 714 by transmitter waveguide 712. Accordingly, the repeater system 700 depicted in FIG. 7 can be comparable in function to the dielectric waveguide coupling device 108 and 110 in FIG. 1.
[000101] It is noted that although FIG. 7 shows guided wave transmissions 706 and 716 entering from the left and exiting to the right respectively, this is merely a simplification and is not intended to be limiting. In other embodiments, receiver waveguide 708 and transmitter waveguide 712 can also function as transmitters and receivers respectively, allowing the repeater device 710 to be bi-directional.
[000102] In an embodiment, repeater device 710 can be placed at locations where there are discontinuities or obstacles on the wire 702. These obstacles can include
transformers, connections, utility poles, and other such power line devices. The repeater device 710 can help the guided (e.g., surface) waves jump over these obstacles on the line and boost the transmission power at the same time. In other embodiments, a dielectric waveguide can be used to jump over the obstacle without the use of a repeater device. In that embodiment, both ends of the dielectric waveguide can be tied or fastened to the wire, thus providing a path for the guided wave to travel without being blocked by the obstacle.
[000103] Turning now to FIG. 8, illustrated is a block diagram of an example, non- limiting embodiment of a bidirectional dielectric waveguide coupler 800 in accordance with various aspects described herein. The bidirectional dielectric waveguide coupler 800 can employ diversity paths in the case of when two or more wires are strung between utility poles. Since guided wave transmissions have different transmission efficiencies and coupling efficiencies for insulated wires and un-insulated wires based on weather, precipitation and atmospheric conditions, it can be advantageous to selectively transmit on either an insulated wire or un-insulated wire at certain times.
[000104] In the embodiment shown in FIG.8, repeater device uses a receiver waveguide 808 to receive a guided wave traveling along uninsulated wire 802 and repeats the transmission using transmitter waveguide 810 as a guided wave along insulated wire 804. In other embodiments, repeater device can switch from the insulated wire 804 to
the un-insulated wire 802, or can repeat the transmissions along the same paths. Repeater device 806 can include sensors, or be in communication with sensors that indicate conditions that can affect the transmission. Based on the feedback received from the sensors, the repeater device 806 can make the determination about whether to keep the transmission along the same wire, or transfer the transmission to the other wire.
[000105] Turning now to FIG. 9, illustrated is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a bidirectional repeater system 900. Bidirectional repeater system 900 includes waveguide coupling devices 902 and 904 that receive and transmit transmissions from other coupling devices located in a distributed antenna system or backhaul system.
[000106] In various embodiments, waveguide coupling device 902 can receive a transmission from another waveguide coupling device, wherein the transmission has a plurality of subcarriers. Diplexer 906 can separate the transmission from other transmissions, and direct the transmission to low-noise amplifier ("LNA") 908. A frequency mixer 928, with help from a local oscillator 912, can downshift the
transmission (which is in the millimeter-wave band or around 38 GHz in some embodiments) to a lower frequency, whether it is a cellular band (-1.9 GHz) for a distributed antenna system, a native frequency, or other frequency for a backhaul system. An extractor 932 can extract the signal on the subcarrier that corresponds to antenna or other output component 922 and direct the signal to the output component 922. For the signals that are not being extracted at this antenna location, extractor 932 can redirect them to another frequency mixer 936, where the signals are used to modulate a carrier wave generated by local oscillator 914. The carrier wave, with its subcarriers, is directed to a power amplifier ("PA") 916 and is retransmitted by waveguide coupling device 904 to another repeater system, via diplexer 920.
[000107] At the output device 922 (antenna in a distributed antenna system), a PA 924 can boost the signal for transmission to the mobile device. An LNA 926 can be used to amplify weak signals that are received from the mobile device and then send the signal to a multiplexer 934 which merges the signal with signals that have been received from waveguide coupling device 904. The signals received from coupling device 904 have been split by diplexer 920, and then passed through LNA 918, and downshifted in
frequency by frequency mixer 938. When the signals are combined by multiplexer 934, they are upshifted in frequency by frequency mixer 930, and then boosted by PA 910, and transmitted back to the launcher or on to another repeater by waveguide coupling device 902. In an embodiment bidirectional repeater system 900 can be just a repeater without the antenna/output device 922. It will be appreciated that in some embodiments, a bidirectional repeater system 900 could also be implemented using two distinct and separate uni-directional repeaters. In an alternative embodiment, a bidirectional repeater system 900 could also be a booster or otherwise perform retransmissions without downshifting and upshifting. Indeed in example embodiment, the retransmissions can be based upon receiving a signal or guided wave and performing some signal or guided wave processing or reshaping, filtering, and/or amplification, prior to retransmission of the signal or guided wave.
[000108] Turning now to FIG. 10A, 10B, and IOC, illustrated are block diagrams of example, non-limiting embodiments of a slotted waveguide coupler system 1000 in accordance with various aspects described herein. In FIG. 10A, the waveguide coupler system comprises a wire 1006 that is positioned with respect to a waveguide 1002, such that the wire 1006 fits within or near a slot formed in the waveguide 1002 that runs longitudinally with respect to the wire 1004. The opposing ends 1004a and 1004b of the waveguide 1002, and the waveguide 1002 itself, surrounds less than 180 degrees of the wire surface of the wire 1006.
[000109] In FIG. 10B the waveguide coupler system comprises a wire 1014 that is positioned with respect to a waveguide 1008, such that the wire 1014 fits within or near a slot formed in the waveguide 1008 that runs longitudinally with respect to the wire 1004. The slot surfaces of the waveguide 1008 can be non parallel, and two different exemplary embodiments are shown in FIG. 10B. In the first, slot surfaces 1010a and 1010b can be non parallel and aim outwards, slightly wider than the width of the wire 1014. In the other embodiment, the slots surfaces 1012a and 1012b can still be non-parallel, but narrow to form a slot opening smaller than a width of the wire 1014. Any range of angles of the non parallel slot surfaces are possible, of which these are two exemplary embodiments.
[000110] In FIG. IOC, the waveguide coupler system shows a wire 1020 that fits within a slot formed in waveguide 1016. The slot surfaces 1018a and 1018b in this exemplary embodiment can be parallel, but the axis 1026 of the wire 1020 is not aligned with the axis 1024 of the waveguide 1016. The waveguide 1016 and the wire 1020 are therefore not coaxially aligned. In another embodiment, shown, a possible position of the wire at 1022 also has an axis 1028 that is not aligned with the axis 1024 of the waveguide 1016.
[000111] It is to be appreciated that while three different embodiments showing a) waveguide surfaces that surround less than 180 degrees of the wire, b) non parallel slot surfaces, and c) coaxially unaligned wires and waveguide were shown separately in
FIGs. 10A, 10B, and IOC, in various embodiments, diverse combinations of the listed features are possible.
[000112] Turning now to FIG. 11, illustrated is an example, non-limiting embodiment of a waveguide coupling system 1100 in accordance with various aspects described herein. FIG. 11 depicts a cross sectional representation of the waveguide and wire embodiments shown in FIGs. 2, 3, 4, and etc. As can be seen in 1100, the wire 1104 can be positioned directly next to and touching waveguide 1102. In other embodiments, as shown in waveguide coupling system 1200 in FIG. 12, the wire 1204 can still be placed near, but not actually touching waveguide strip 1202. In both cases, electromagnetic waves traveling along the waveguides can induce other electromagnetic waves on to the wires and vice versa. Also, in both embodiments, the wires 1104 and 1204 are placed outside the cross-sectional area defined by the outer surfaces of waveguides 1102 and 1202.
[000113] For the purposes of this disclosure, a waveguide does not surround, in substantial part, a wire surface of a wire when the waveguide does not surround an axial region of the surface, when viewed in cross-section, of more than 180 degrees. For avoidance of doubt, a waveguide does not surround, in substantial part a surface of a wire when the waveguide surrounds an axial region of the surface, when viewed in cross- section, of 180 degrees or less.
[000114] It is to be appreciated that while FIGs. 11 and 12 show wires 1104 and 1204 having a circular shape and waveguides 1102 and 1202 having rectangular shapes, this is not meant to be limiting. In other embodiments, wires and waveguides can have a variety
of shapes, sizes, and configurations. The shapes can include, but not be limited to: ovals or other ellipsoid shapes, octagons, quadrilaterals or other polygons with either sharp or rounded edges, or other shapes. Additionally, in some embodiments, the wires 1104 and 1204 can be stranded wires comprising smaller gauge wires, such as a helical strand, braid or other coupling of individual strands into a single wire. Any of wires and waveguides shown in the figures and described throughout this disclosure can include one or more of these embodiments.
[000115] FIG.13 illustrates a process in connection with the aforementioned systems. The process in FIG.13 can be implemented for example by systems 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, and 900 illustrated in FIGs. 1-9 respectively. While for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the process is shown and described as a series of blocks, it is to be understood and appreciated that the claimed subject matter is not limited by the order of the blocks, as some blocks may occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other blocks from what is depicted and described herein. Moreover, not all illustrated blocks may be required to implement the methods described hereinafter.
[000116] FIG. 13 illustrates a flow diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a method for transmitting a transmission with a dielectric waveguide coupler as described herein. Method 1300 can begin at 1302 where a first electromagnetic wave is emitted by a transmission device as a guided wave that propagates at least in part on a waveguide surface of a waveguide, wherein the waveguide surface of the waveguide does not surround in whole or in substantial part a wire surface of a wire. The transmission that is generated by a transmitter can be based on a signal received from a base station device, access point, network, a mobile device, or other signal source.
[000117] At 1304, based upon configuring or positioning the waveguide in proximity of the wire, the guided wave then couples at least a part of the first electromagnetic wave to a wire surface, forming a second electromagnetic wave (e.g., a surface wave) that propagates at least partially around the wire surface, wherein the wire is in proximity to the waveguide. This can be done in response to positioning a portion of the dielectric waveguide (e.g., a tangent of a curve of the dielectric waveguide) near and parallel to the wire, wherein a wavelength of the electromagnetic wave is smaller than a circumference of the wire and the dielectric waveguide. The guided wave, or surface wave, stays
parallel to the wire even as the wire bends and flexes. Bends can increase transmission losses, which are also dependent on wire diameters, frequency, and materials. The coupling interface between the wire and the waveguide can also be configured to achieve the desired level of coupling, as described herein, which can include tapering an end of the waveguide to improve impedance matching between the waveguide and the wire.
[000118] The transmission that is emitted by the transmitter can exhibit one or more waveguide modes. The waveguide modes can be dependent on the shape and/or design of the waveguide. The propagation modes on the wire can be different than the waveguide modes due to the different characteristics of the waveguide and the wire. When the circumference of the wire is comparable in size to, or greater, than a wavelength of the transmission, the guided wave exhibits multiple wave propagation modes. The guided wave can therefore comprise more than one type of electric and magnetic field configuration. As the guided wave (e.g., surface wave) propagates down the wire, the electrical and magnetic field configurations may remain substantially the same from end to end of the wire or vary as the transmission traverses the wave by rotation, dispersion, attenuation or other effects.
[000119] FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a waveguide system 1402in accordance with various aspects described herein. The waveguide system 1402can comprise sensors 1404, a power management system 1405, a waveguide 1406, and a communications interface 1408.
[000120] The waveguide system 1402can be coupled to a power line 1410 for facilitating data communications in accordance with embodiments described in the subject disclosure. In an example embodiment, the waveguide 1406 can comprise all or part of the system 500, such as shown in FIG. 5, for inducing electromagnetic waves on a surface of the power line 1410 that longitudinally propagate along the surface of the power line 1410 as described in the subject disclosure. Non-limiting techniques for coupling the waveguide 1406 to the power line 1410 are shown in FIGs. 2-4 and 6. The waveguide 1406 can also serve as a repeater for retransmitting electromagnetic waves on the same power line 1410 or for routing electromagnetic waves between power lines 1410 as shown in FIGs. 7-8.
[000121] The communications interface 1408 can comprise the communications interface 501 shown in FIG. 5, in an example embodiment. The communications interface 1408 couples to the waveguide 1406 for up-converting signals operating at an original frequency to electromagnetic waves operating at a carrier frequency that propagate on a surface of a coupling device of the waveguide 1406, such as the dielectric 502 of FIG. 5, and that induce corresponding electromagnetic waves that propagate on a surface of the power line 1410. The power line 1410 can be a wire (e.g., single stranded or multi-stranded) having a conducting surface or insulated surface. The communications interface 1408 can also receive signals from the waveguide 1406 that have been down- converted from electromagnetic waves operating at a carrier frequency to signals at their original frequency.
[000122] Signals received by the communications interface 1408 for up-conversion can include without limitation signals supplied by a central office 141 lover a wired or wireless interface of the communications interface 1408, a base station 1414 over a wired or wireless interface of the communications interface 1408, wireless signals transmitted by mobile devices 1420 to the base station 1414 for delivery over the wired or wireless interface of the communications interface 1408, signals supplied by in-building communication devices 1418 over the wired or wireless interface of the communications interface 1408, and/or wireless signals supplied to the communications interface 1408 by mobile devices 1412 roaming in a wireless communication range of the communications interface 1408. In embodiments where the waveguide system 1402 functions as a repeater, such as shown in FIGs. 7-8, the communications interface 1408 may not be included in the waveguide system 1402.
[000123] The electromagnetic waves propagating along the surface of the power 1410 can be modulated and formatted to include packets or frames of data that include a data payload and further include networking information (such as header information for identifying one or more destination waveguide systems 1402). The networking information may be provided by the waveguide system 1402 or an originating device such as the central office 1411, the base station 1414, mobile devices 1420, or in-building devices 1418, or a combination thereof. Additionally, the modulated electromagnetic waves can include error correction data for mitigating signal disturbances. The
networking information and error correction data can be used by a destination waveguide system 1402 for detecting transmissions directed to it, and for down-converting and processing with error correction data transmissions that include voice and/or data signals directed to recipient communication devices communicatively coupled to the destination waveguide system 1402.
[000124] Referring now to the sensors 1404 of the waveguide system 1402, the sensors 1404 can comprise one or more of a temperature sensor 1404a, a disturbance detection sensor 1404b, a loss of energy sensor 1404c, a noise sensor 1404d, a vibration sensor 1404e, an environmental (e.g., weather) sensor 1404f, and/or an image sensor 1404g. The temperature sensor 1404a can be used to measure ambient temperature, a temperature of the waveguide 1406, a temperature of the power line 1410, temperature differentials (e.g., compared to a setpoint or baseline, between 1046 and 1410, etc.), or any combination thereof. In one embodiment, temperature metrics can be collected and reported periodically to a network management system 1601 by way of the base station 1414.
[000125] The disturbance detection sensor 1404b can perform measurements on the power line 1410 to detect disturbances such as signal reflections, which may indicate a presence of a downstream disturbance that may impede the propagation of
electromagnetic waves on the power line 1410. A signal reflection can represent a distortion resulting from, for example, an electromagnetic wave transmitted on the power line 1410 by the waveguide 1406 that reflects in whole or in part back to the waveguide 1406 from a disturbance in the power line 1410 located downstream from the waveguide 1406.
[000126] Signal reflections can be caused by obstructions on the power line 1410. For example, a tree limb shown in FIG. 15(A) may cause electromagnetic wave reflections when the tree limb is lying on the power line 1410, or is in close proximity to the power line 1410 which may cause a corona discharge 1502. Other illustrations of obstructions that can cause electromagnetic wave reflections can include without limitation an object 1506 that has been entangled on the power line 1410 as shown in FIG. 15(C) (e.g., clothing, a shoe wrapped around a power line 1410 with a shoe string, etc.), a corroded build-up 1512 on the power line 1410 as shown in FIG. 15(F), or an ice build-up 1514 as
shown in FIG. 15 (G). Power grid components may also interfere with the transmission of electromagnetic waves on the surface of power lines 1410. Illustrations of power grid components that may cause signal reflections include without limitation a transformer 1504 illustrated in FIG. 15(B) and a joint 1510 for connecting spliced power lines such as illustrated in FIG. 15(E). A sharp angle 1508 on a power line 1410, as shown in FIG. 15(D), may also cause electromagnetic wave reflections.
[000127] The disturbance detection sensor 1404b can comprise a circuit to compare magnitudes of electromagnetic wave reflections to magnitudes of original
electromagnetic waves transmitted by the waveguide 1406 to determine how much a downstream disturbance in the power line 1410 attenuates transmissions. The disturbance detection sensor 1404b can further comprise a spectral analyzer circuit for performing spectral analysis on the reflected waves. The spectral data generated by the spectral analyzer circuit can be compared with spectral profiles via pattern recognition, an expert system, curve fitting, matched filtering or other artificial intelligence, classification or comparison technique to identify a type of disturbance based on, for example, the spectral profile that most closely matches the spectral data. The spectral profiles can be stored in a memory of the disturbance detection sensor 1404b or may be remotely accessible by the disturbance detection sensor 1404b. The profiles can comprise spectral data that models different disturbances that may be encountered on power lines 1410 to enable the disturbance detection sensor 1404b to identify
disturbances locally. An identification of the disturbance if known can be reported to the network management system 1601 by way of the base station 1414.The disturbance detection sensor 1404b can also utilize the waveguide 1406 to transmit electromagnetic waves as test signals to determine a roundtrip time for an electromagnetic wave reflection. The round trip time measured by the disturbance detection sensor 1404b can be used to calculate a distance traveled by the electromagnetic wave up to a point where the reflection takes place, which enables the disturbance detection sensor 1404b to calculate a distance from the waveguide 1406 to the downstream disturbance on the power line 1410.
[000128] The distance calculated can be reported to the network management system 1601 by way of the base station 1414. In one embodiment, the location of the waveguide
system 1402 on the power line 1410 may be known to the network management system 1601, which the network management system 1601 can use to determine a location of the disturbance on the power line 1410 based on a known topology of the power grid. In another embodiment, the waveguide system 1402 can provide its location to the network management system 1601 to assist in the determination of the location of the disturbance on the power line 1410. The location of the waveguide system 1402 can be obtained by the waveguide system 1402 from a pre-programmed location of the waveguide system 1402 stored in a memory of the waveguide system 1402, or the waveguide system 1402 can determine its location using a GPS receiver (not shown) included in the waveguide system 1402.
[000129] The power management system 1405 provides energy to the aforementioned components of the waveguide system 1402. The power management system 1405 can receive energy from solar cells, or from a transformer (not shown) coupled to the power line 1410, or by inductive coupling to the power line 1410 or another nearby power line. The power management system 1405 can also include a backup battery and/or a super capacitor or other capacitor circuit for providing the waveguide system 1402 with temporary power. The loss of energy sensor 1404c can be used to detect when the waveguide system 1402 has a loss of power condition and/or the occurrence of some other malfunction. For example, the loss of energy sensor 1404c can detect when there is a loss of power due to defective solar cells, an obstruction on the solar cells that causes them to malfunction, loss of power on the power line 1410, and/or when the backup power system malfunctions due to expiration of a backup battery, or a detectable defect in a super capacitor. When a malfunction and/or loss of power occurs, the loss of energy sensor 1404c can notify the network management system 1601 by way of the base station 1414.
[000130] The noise sensor 1404d can be used to measure noise on the power line 1410 that may adversely affect transmission of electromagnetic waves on the power line 1410. The noise sensor 1404d can sense unexpected electromagnetic interference, noise bursts, or other sources of disturbances that may interrupt transmission of modulated
electromagnetic waves on a surface of a power line 1410. A noise burst can be caused by, for example, a corona discharge, or other source of noise. The noise sensor 1404d
can compare the measured noise to a noise profile obtained by the waveguide system 1402 from an internal database of noise profiles or from a remotely located database that stores noise profiles via pattern recognition, an expert system, curve fitting, matched filtering or other artificial intelligence, classification or comparison technique. From the comparison, the noise sensor 1404d may identify a noise source (e.g., corona discharge or otherwise)based on, for example, the noise profile that provides the closest match to the measured noise. The noise sensor 1404d can also detect how noise affects transmissions by measuring transmission metrics such as bit error rate, packet loss rate, jitter, packet retransmission requests, etc. The noise sensor 1404d can report to the network management system 1601 by way of the base station 1414 the identity of noise sources, their time of occurrence, and transmission metrics, among other things.
[000131] The vibration sensor 1404e can include accelerometers and/or gyroscopes to detect 2D or 3D vibrations on the power line 1410. The vibrations can be compared to vibration profiles that can be stored locally in the waveguide system 1402, or obtained by the waveguide system 1402 from a remote database via pattern recognition, an expert system, curve fitting, matched filtering or other artificial intelligence, classification or comparison technique. Vibration profiles can be used, for example, to distinguish fallen trees from wind gusts based on, for example, the vibration profile that provides the closest match to the measured vibrations. The results of this analysis can be reported by the vibration sensor 1404e to the network management system 1601 by way of the base station 1414.
[000132] The environmental sensor 1404f can include a barometer for measuring atmospheric pressure, ambient temperature (which can be provided by the temperature sensor 1404a), wind speed, humidity, wind direction, and rainfall, among other things. The environmental sensor 1404f can collect raw information and process this information by comparing it to environmental profiles that can be obtained from a memory of the waveguide system 1402 or a remote database to predict weather conditions before they arise via pattern recognition, an expert system, knowledge-based system or other artificial intelligence, classification or other weather modeling and prediction technique. The environmental sensor 1404f can report raw data as well as its analysis to the network management system 1601.
[000133] The image sensor 1404g can be a digital camera (e.g., a charged coupled device or CCD imager, infrared camera, etc.) for capturing images in a vicinity of the waveguide system 1402. The image sensor 1404g can include an electromechanical mechanism to control movement (e.g., actual position or focal points/zooms) of the camera for inspecting the power line 1410 from multiple perspectives (e.g., top surface, bottom surface, left surface, right surface and so on). Alternatively, the image sensor 1404g can be designed such that no electromechanical mechanism is needed in order to obtain the multiple perspectives. The collection and retrieval of imaging data generated by the image sensor 1404g can be controlled by the network management system 1601, or can be autonomously collected and reported by the image sensor 1404g to the network management system 1601.
[000134] Other sensors that may be suitable for collecting telemetry information associated with the waveguide system 1402 and/or the power lines 1410 for purposes of detecting, predicting and/or mitigating disturbances that can impede electromagnetic wave transmissions on power lines 1410 (or any other form of a transmission medium of electromagnetic waves) may be utilized by the waveguide system 1402.
[000135] FIG. 16 is a block diagram illustrating an example, non-limiting embodiment of a system 1600 for managing a power grid 1603 and a communication system 1605 embedded therein in accordance with various aspects described herein. The
communication system 1605 comprises a plurality of waveguide systems 1402 coupled to power lines 1410 of the power grid 1603. At least a portion of the waveguide systems 1402 used in the communication system 1605 can be in direct communication with a base station 1414 and/or the network management system 1601. Waveguide systems 1402 not directly connected to a base station 1414 or the network management system 1601 can engage in communication sessions with either a base station 1414 or the network management system 1601 by way of other downstream waveguide systems 1402 connected to a base station 1414 or the network management system 1601.
[000136] The network management system 1601 can be communicatively coupled to equipment of a utility company 1602 and equipment of a communications service provider 1604 for providing each entity, status information associated with the power grid 1603 and the communication system 1605, respectively. The network management
system 1601, the equipment of the utility company 1602, and the communications service provider 1604 can access communication devices utilized by utility company personnel 1606 and/or communication devices utilized by communications service provider personnel 1608 for purposes of providing status information and/or for directing such personnel in the management of the power grid 1603 and/or communication system 1605.
[000137] FIG. 17A illustrates a flow diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a method 1700 for detecting and mitigating disturbances occurring in a communication network of the system 1600 of FIG. 16. Method 1700 can begin with step 1702 where a waveguide system 1402 transmits and receives messages embedded in, or forming part of, modulated electromagnetic waves or another type of electromagnetic waves traveling along a surface of a power line 1410. The messages can be voice messages, streaming video, and/or other data/information exchanged between communication devices communicatively coupled to the communication system 1605. At step 1704 the sensors 1404 of the waveguide system 1402 can collect sensing data. In an embodiment, the sensing data can be collected in step 1704 prior to, during, or after the transmission and/or receipt of messages in step 1702. At step 1706 the waveguide system 1402 (or the sensors 1404 themselves) can determine from the sensing data an actual or predicted occurrence of a disturbance in the communication system 1605 that can affect
communications originating from (e.g., transmitted by) or received by the waveguide system 1402. The waveguide system 1402 (or the sensors 1404) can process temperature data, signal reflection data, loss of energy data, noise data, vibration data, environmental data, or any combination thereof to make this determination. The waveguide system 1402 (or the sensors 1404) may also detect, identify, estimate, or predict the source of the disturbance and/or its location in the communication system 1605. If a disturbance is neither detected/identified nor predicted/estimated at step 1708, the waveguide system 1402 can proceed to step 1702 where it continues to transmit and receive messages embedded in, or forming part of, modulated electromagnetic waves traveling along a surface of the power line 1410.
[000138] If at step 1708 a disturbance is detected/identified or predicted/estimated to occur, the waveguide system 1402 proceeds to step 1710 to determine if the disturbance adversely affects (or alternatively, is likely to adversely affect or the extent to which it
may adversely affect) transmission or reception of messages in the communication system 1605. In one embodiment, a duration threshold and a frequency of occurrence threshold can be used at step 1710 to determine when a disturbance adversely affects communications in the communication system 1605. For illustration purposes only, assume a duration threshold is set to 500 ms, while a frequency of occurrence threshold is set to 5 disturbances occurring in an observation period of 10 sec. Thus, a disturbance having a duration greater than 500ms will trigger the duration threshold. Additionally, any disturbance occurring more than 5 times in a 10 sec time interval will trigger the frequency of occurrence threshold.
[000139] In one embodiment, a disturbance may be considered to adversely affect signal integrity in the communication systems 1605 when the duration threshold alone is exceeded. In another embodiment, a disturbance may be considered as adversely affecting signal integrity in the communication systems 1605 when both the duration threshold and the frequency of occurrence threshold are exceeded. The latter
embodiment is thus more conservative than the former embodiment for classifying disturbances that adversely affect signal integrity in the communication system 1605. It will be appreciated that many other algorithms and associated parameters and thresholds can be utilized for step 1710 in accordance with example embodiments.
[000140] Referring back to method 1700, if at step 1710 the disturbance detected at step 1708 does not meet the condition for adversely affected communications (e.g., neither exceeds the duration threshold nor the frequency of occurrence threshold), the waveguide system 1402 may proceed to step 1702 and continue processing messages. For instance, if the disturbance detected in step 1708 has a duration of 1 ms with a single occurrence in a 10 sec time period, then neither threshold will be exceeded. Consequently, such a disturbance may be considered as having a nominal effect on signal integrity in the communication system 1605 and thus would not be flagged as a disturbance requiring mitigation. Although not flagged, the occurrence of the disturbance, its time of occurrence, its frequency of occurrence, spectral data, and/or other useful information, may be reported to the network management system 1601 as telemetry data for monitoring purposes.
[000141] Referring back to step 1710, if on the other hand the disturbance satisfies the condition for adversely affected communications (e.g., exceeds either or both thresholds), the waveguide system 1402 can proceed to step 1712 and report the incident to the network management system 1601. The report can include raw sensing data collected by the sensors 1404, a description of the disturbance if known by the waveguide system 1402, a time of occurrence of the disturbance, a frequency of occurrence of the disturbance, a location associated with the disturbance, parameters readings such as bit error rate, packet loss rate, retransmission requests, jitter, latency and so on. If the disturbance is based on a prediction by one or more sensors of the waveguide system 1402, the report can include a type of disturbance expected, and if predictable, an expected time occurrence of the disturbance, and an expected frequency of occurrence of the predicted disturbance when the prediction is based on historical sensing data collected by the sensors 1404 of the waveguide system 1402.
[000142] At step 1714, the network management system 1601 can determine a mitigation, circumvention, or correction technique, which may include directing the waveguide system 1402 to reroute traffic to circumvent the disturbance if the location of the disturbance can be determined. In one embodiment, the waveguide system 1402 detecting the disturbance may direct a repeater 1802 such as the one shown in FIG. 18A to connect the waveguide system 1402 from a primary power line 1804 affected by the disturbance to a secondary power line 1806 to enable the waveguide system 1402 to reroute traffic to a different transmission medium and avoid the disturbance 1801. In an embodiment where the waveguide system 1402 is configured as a repeater, such as repeater 1802, the waveguide system 1402 can itself perform the rerouting of traffic from the primary power line 1804 to the secondary power line 1806. It is further noted that for bidirectional communications (e.g., full or half-duplex communications), the repeater 1802 can be configured to reroute traffic from the secondary power line 1806 back to the primary power line 1804 for processing by the waveguide system 1402.
[000143] In another embodiment, the waveguide system 1402 can redirect traffic by instructing a first repeater 1812 situated upstream of the disturbance and a second repeater 1814 situated downstream of the disturbance to redirect traffic from a primary power line 1804 temporarily to a secondary power line 1806 and back to the primary
power line 1804 in a manner that avoids the disturbance 1801 as shown in FIG. 18B. It is further noted that for bidirectional communications (e.g., full or half-duplex communications), the repeaters 1812 and 1814 can be configured to reroute traffic from the secondary power line 1806 back to the primary power line 1804.
[000144] To avoid interrupting existing communication sessions occurring on a secondary power line 1806, the network management system 1601 may direct the waveguide system 1402 (in the embodiments of FIGs. 18A-18B) to instruct repeater(s) to utilize unused time slot(s) and/or frequency band(s) of the secondary power line 1806 for redirecting data and/or voice traffic away from the primary power line 1804 to circumvent the disturbance 1801.
[000145] At step 1716, while traffic is being rerouted to avoid the disturbance, the network management system 1601 can notify equipment of the utility company 1602 and/or equipment of the communications service provider 1604, which in turn may notify personnel of the utility company 1606 and/or personnel of the communications service provider 1608 of the detected disturbance and its location if known. Field personnel from either party can attend to resolving the disturbance at a determined location of the disturbance. Once the disturbance is removed or otherwise mitigated by personnel of the utility company and/or personnel of the communications service provider, such personnel can notify their respective companies and/or the network management system 1601 utilizing field equipment (e.g., a laptop computer, smartphone, etc.) communicatively coupled to network management system 1601, and/or equipment of the utility company and/or the communications service provider. The notification can include a description of how the disturbance was mitigated and any changes to the power lines 1410 that may change a topology of the communication system 1605.
[000146] Once the disturbance has been resolved, the network management system 1601 can direct the waveguide system 1402 at step 1720 to restore the previous routing configuration used by the waveguide system 1402 or route traffic according to a new routing configuration if the restoration strategy used to mitigate the disturbance resulted in a new network topology of the communication system 1605. In another embodiment, the waveguide system 1402 can be configured to monitor mitigation of the disturbance by transmitting test signals on the power line 1410 to determine when the disturbance has
been removed. Once the waveguide 1402 detects an absence of the disturbance it can autonomously restore its routing configuration without assistance by the network management system 1601 if it determines the network topology of the communication system 1605 has not changed, or it can utilize a new routing configuration that adapts to a detected new network topology.
[000147] FIG. 17B illustrates a flow diagram of an example, non-limiting embodiment of a method 1750 for detecting and mitigating disturbances occurring in a communication network of the system 1600 of FIG. 16. In one embodiment, methodl750 can begin with step 1752 where a network management system 1601 receives from equipment of the utility company 1602 or equipment of the communications service provider 1604 maintenance information associated with a maintenance schedule. The network management system 1601 can at step 1754 identify from the maintenance information, maintenance activities to be performed during the maintenance schedule. From these activities, the network management system 1601 can detect a disturbance resulting from the maintenance (e.g., scheduled replacement of a power line 1410, scheduled
replacement of a waveguide system 1402 on the power line 1410, scheduled
reconfiguration of power lines 1410 in the power grid 1603, etc.).
[000148] In another embodiment, the network management system 1601 can receive at step 1755 telemetry information from one or more waveguide systems 1402. The telemetry information can include among other things an identity of each waveguide system 1402 submitting the telemetry information, measurements taken by sensors 1404 of each waveguide system 1402, information relating to predicted, estimated, or actual disturbances detected by the sensors 1404 of each waveguide system 1402, location information associated with each waveguide system 1402, an estimated location of a detected disturbance, an identification of the disturbance, and so on. The network management system 1601 can determine from the telemetry information a type of disturbance that may be adverse to operations of the waveguide, transmission of the electromagnetic waves along the wire surface, or both. The network management system 1601 can also use telemetry information from multiple waveguide systems 1402 to isolate and identify the disturbance. Additionally, the network management system 1601 can request telemetry information from waveguide systems 1402 in a vicinity of an affected
waveguide system 1402 to triangulate a location of the disturbance and/or validate an identification of the disturbance by receiving similar telemetry information from other waveguide systems 1402.
[000149] In yet another embodiment, the network management system 1601 can receive at step 1756 an unscheduled activity report from maintenance field personnel.
Unscheduled maintenance may occur as result of field calls that are unplanned or as a result of unexpected field issues discovered during field calls or scheduled maintenance activities. The activity report can identify changes to a topology configuration of the power grid 1603 resulting from field personnel addressing discovered issues in the communication system 1605 and/or power grid 1603, changes to one or more waveguide systems 1402 (such as replacement or repair thereof), mitigation of disturbances performed if any, and so on.
[000150] At step 1758, the network management system 1601 can determine from reports received according to steps 1752 through 1756if a disturbance will occur based on a maintenance schedule, or if a disturbance has occurred or is predicted to occur based on telemetry data, or if a disturbance has occurred due to an unplanned maintenance identified in a field activity report. From any of these reports, the network management system 1601 can determine whether a detected or predicted disturbance requires rerouting of traffic by the affected waveguide systems 1402 or other waveguide systems 1402 of the communication system 1605.
[000151] When a disturbance is detected or predicted at step 1758, the network management system 1601 can proceed to step 1760 where it can direct one or more waveguide systems 1402 to reroute traffic to circumvent the disturbance similar to the illustrations of FIGs. 18A or 18B. When the disturbance is permanent due to a permanent topology change of the power grid 1603, the network management system 1601 can proceed to step 1770 and skip steps 1762, 1764, 1766, andl772. At step 1770, the network management system 1601 can direct one or more waveguide systems 1402 to use a new routing configuration that adapts to the new topology. However, when the disturbance has been detected from telemetry information supplied by one or more waveguide systems 1402, the network management system 1601 can notify maintenance personnel of the utility company 1606 or the communications service provider 1608 of a
location of the disturbance, a type of disturbance if known, and related information that may be helpful to such personnel to mitigate the disturbance. When a disturbance is expected due to maintenance activities, the network management system 1601 can direct one or more waveguide systems 1402 to reconfigure traffic routes at a given schedule (consistent with the maintenance schedule) to avoid disturbances caused by the maintenance activities during the maintenance schedule.
[000152] Returning back step 1760 and upon its completion, the process can continue with step 1762. At step 1762, the network management system 1601 can monitor when the disturbance(s) have been mitigated by field personnel. Mitigation of a disturbance can be detected at step 1762 by analyzing field reports submitted to the network management system 1601 by field personnel over a communications network (e.g., cellular communication system) utilizing field equipment (e.g., a laptop computer or handheld computer/device). If field personnel have reported that a disturbance has been mitigated, the network management system 1601 can proceed to step 1764 to determine from the field report whether a topology change was required to mitigate the disturbance. A topology change can include rerouting a power line 1410, reconfiguring a waveguide system 1402 to utilize a different power line 1410, otherwise utilizing an alternative link to bypass the disturbance and so on. If a topology change has taken place, the network management system 1601 can direct at step 1770 one or more waveguide systems 1402 to use a new routing configuration that adapts to the new topology.
[000153] If, however, a topology change has not been reported by field personnel, the network management system 1601 can proceed to step 1766 where it can direct one or more waveguide systems 1402 to send test signals to test a routing configuration that had been used prior to the detected disturbance(s). Test signals can be sent to affected waveguide systems 1402 in a vicinity of the disturbance. The test signals can be used to determine if signal disturbances (e.g., electromagnetic wave reflections) are detected by any of the waveguide systems 1402. If the test signals confirm that a prior routing configuration is no longer subject to previously detected disturbance(s), then the network management system 1601 can at step 1772 direct the affected waveguide systems 1402 to restore a previous routing configuration. If, however, test signals analyzed by one or more waveguide systems 1402 and reported to the network management system 1601
indicate that the disturbance(s) or new disturbance(s) are present, then the network management system 1601 will proceed to step 1768 and report this information to field personnel to further address field issues. The network management system 1601 can in this situation continue to monitor mitigation of the disturbance(s) at step 1762.
[000154] In the aforementioned embodiments, the waveguide systems 1402 can be configured to be self-adapting to changes in the power grid 1603 and/or to mitigation of disturbances. That is, one or more affected waveguide systems 1402 can be configured to self monitor mitigation of disturbances and reconfigure traffic routes without requiring instructions to be sent to them by the network management system 1601. In this embodiment, the one or more waveguide systems 1402 that are self-configurable can inform the network management system 1601 of its routing choices so that the network management system 1601 can maintain a macro-level view of the communication topology of the communication system 1605.
[000155] While for purposes of simplicity of explanation, the respective processes are shown and described as a series of blocks in FIGs. 17A and 17B, respectively, it is to be understood and appreciated that the claimed subject matter is not limited by the order of the blocks, as some blocks may occur in different orders and/or concurrently with other blocks from what is depicted and described herein. Moreover, not all illustrated blocks may be required to implement the methods described herein.
[000156] FIGs. 19A, 19B, and 19C depict block diagrams of example, non-limiting embodiments of a transportation system 1900 and components thereof in accordance with various aspects described herein. FIG. 19A depicts a vehicle 1902 (such as a railroad car or carriageā referred to herein for illustration purposes only as railroad car 1902) used by the transportation system 1900 for transport of passengers and/or cargo. The railroad car 1902 can be powered by power lines 1904 located overhead of the railroad car 1902, which can be accessed by a mechanism 1905 (e.g., a mechanical arm) that makes electrical contact with the power lines 1904. Alternatively, power can be delivered to the railroad car 1902 via the track 1909 shown in FIG. 19C, or power lines, such as a third rail located between the rails of the track 1909 (not shown). In yet another embodiment, the railroad car 1902 can be propelled by a locomotive (not shown) powered by a combustible fuels or other energy source.
[000157] The railroad car 1902 can enable communication services by way of an upper communications interface 1906 or a lower communications interface 1908. The upper communications interfacel906 or the lower communications interface 1908 can enable communications via an optical interface or waveguide interface that transmits or receives electromagnetic waves 1911 that propagate on a transmission medium. In one embodiment, the upper communications interface 1906 can utilize the power lines 1904 as a transmission medium of the electromagnetic waves 1911 as depicted in FIG. 20B, while the lower communications interface 1908can utilize a surface of a track 1909, such as the side surface of the rail, that is not directly in contact with the railroad car wheels 1907as a transmission medium of the electromagnetic waves 191 las depicted in FIG. 20C.
[000158] FIGs. 20A, 20B, 20C, and 20D depict block diagrams of example, non- limiting embodiments of devices that can be used by the upper and lower
communications interfaces 1906 and 1906, respectively, for delivering communication services to users (and/or cargo, machines, etc.) of the transportation system 1900 in accordance with various aspects described herein. In one embodiment, electromagnetic waves 1911 can be transported from one place (e.g., medium) to another in a pseudo- optical fashion and diverted via lenses and reflectors, much like visible light.
Accordingly, a reflector 2002 held by a supporting structure 2001 attached to the railroad car 1902 can be placed and oriented on power line 1904 such that initial electromagnetic wave transmissions 2007 sent by a transceiver 2006 are reflected parallel to the power line 1904, and thereby propagate as electromagnetic waves 1911 on a surface of the power line 1904. The initial electromagnetic wave transmissions 2007 can be the result of a transceiver such as shown in FIG. 9 up-converting signals to initial electromagnetic wave transmissions 2007 that are directed to the reflector 2002 by the lens of the transceiver 2006. Likewise, electromagnetic waves 1911, propagating on along a surface of the power line 1904 can be reflected by reflector 2002 and sent as a beam to the lens of the transceiver 2006, which converts the electromagnetic waves to electrical signals that are down-converted by the transceiver of FIG. 9. While operating at microwave or millimeter wave frequencies (or yet other applicable frequencies), the lens of the transceiver 2006 operates similarly to an optical lens to focus the electromagnetic waves
to and from the transceiver 2006.
[000159] In one embodiment, the reflector 2002 can be shaped as a half-circle as depicted in the cross- sectional view of FIG. 20 A to avoid physical interference with the power line 1904 and to prevent a reflection of all of the electromagnetic waves 1911 towards the optical transceiver 2006. By utilizing a half-circle structure for the reflector 2002, less than 50% of the electromagnetic waves 1911 are reflected. This in turn limits the attenuation of the electromagnetic waves 1911 by 50% or less, which enables a substantial portion of the electromagnetic waves 1911 to continue to propagate past the reflector 2002 along the outer surface of the power line 1904. A repeater 710 such as shown in FIG. 7 can be placed at multiple locations on a top side of the power line 1904 to restore, amplify, or regenerate the electromagnetic waves 1911 to a desirable magnitude, thereby enabling other railroad cars 1902 at remote locations to make use of the communication services provided by the power line 1904 by way of their own optical transceiver 2006.
[000160] In another embodiment, the electromagnetic waves 1911 can propagate on a surface 2112 of the track 1909 that does not make contact with the wheels of the railroad car 1902. An optical transceiver 2006 similar to the one previously described can transmit electromagnetic waves 2007 to the reflector 2002 which are reflected onto the surface 2112 of the track 1909. Similarly, the optical transceiver 2006 can receive electromagnetic waves 2007 reflected from the electromagnetic waves 1911 propagating on the surface 2112 of the track 1909. As before the reflector 2002 can be configured as half-circle to enable a portion of the electromagnetic waves 1911 to continue propagating past the reflector 2002. Repeaters 710 can be used at periodic locations of the track 1909 to restore the electromagnetic waves 1911 to a desirable magnitude, thereby enabling other railroad cars 1902 at remote locations to make use of the communication services provided by the track 1909 by way of their own optical transceiver 2006.
[000161] In yet another embodiment, a dielectric waveguide 2020 attached to a waveguide system 1402 (such as depicted in FIG. 14), attached to the railroad car 1902, can be used in place of the optical transceiver 2006. In an example embodiment, the dielectric waveguide 2020 can be placed near the surface 2112 of the track 1909 at a desirable gap that avoids contact with the surface 2112. In another example embodiment,
the dielectric waveguide 2020 can be placed near the power line 1904 at a desirable gap that avoids contact with the power line 1904. When compared to the pseudo-optical system described above, these embodiments have the benefit of reducing the attenuation of the electromagnetic waves 1911 since a reflector is not used.
[000162] Although not shown, it will be appreciated that multiple waveguide systems 1402 can be placed at multiple locations of the power line 1904 or the track 1909 of the transportation system 1900. Each of the waveguide system 1402 can include a communications interface 1408 that can transmit and receive wireless RF signals. In this embodiment, the communications interface 1408 of the waveguide system 1402 can be configured to transmit RF signals to provide wireless communication services to the railroad car 1902. The railroad car 1902 can be equipped with a wireless RF transceiver (not shown) that can be powered by the railroad car 1902, and that can communicate with waveguide systems 1402 at various locations depending on the communication range of each waveguide system 1402. As the railroad car 1902 is propelled forward, the wireless transceiver can transition from one waveguide system 1402 to another as it becomes apparent that the communication range of one waveguide system 1402 weakens while another comes into the communication range of the wireless transceiver. The wireless transceiver and the waveguide system 1402 can be configured to communicate according to known RF standards (e.g., LTE) or can use other RF spectrum such as millimeter wavelengths for high bandwidth communications. An embodiment which relies on RF communications can be used in place of the foregoing embodiments shown in FIGs. 20 A- 20D.
[000163] It will be further appreciated that any of embodiments of the subject disclosure, including modifications, sub-components, or structures thereof, can be combined with the embodiments described by the illustrations of FIGs. 19A-19C and 20A-20D in any combination. For example, combinations of the tracks 1909 and/or power lines 1904 can be used for diversity or MIMO modes of communication.
Disturbance analysis and mitigation techniques therefor can be applied to the
transportation system 1900. As another example, while the reflector 2002 has been illustrated in the shape of a half circle, other shapes are likewise available to achieve the desired level of reflection. For example, the reflector 2002 could also be in the shape of
an oval, a circular or ovular segment, a rectangle, or a trapezoid without departing from example embodiments.
[000164] Accordingly, any combination of embodiments of the subject disclosure can be applied to the embodiments associated with the transportation system 1900.
[000165] It is further noted that the embodiments of FIGs. 19A-19C and 20A-20D can be adapted for other suitable transportation systems including automotive and other motor vehicles. For example, cement or metal barriers used to separate motor vehicle traffic in highways can be adapted with waveguides and/or RF millimeter wave transceivers as described above for providing communication services (e.g., Internet and/or voice services) to vehicles. Power lines used to power buses can be adapted to use waveguides as described in the subject disclosure to provide communication services (e.g., Internet and/or voice services) to its passengers. Cement or metal barriers, power lines to power buses, railroad tracks to transport trains, and power lines to power trains, are non-limiting illustrations of components of systems for transporting vehicles. It is also appreciated that the embodiments of FIGs. 19A-19C and 20A-20D can be used for enterprise and/or commercial applications such as, for example, logistics (e.g., receiving data from cargo transported by railroad cars 1902 of the transportation system 1900 and/or sending data to such cargo), communicating with enterprise personnel of the transportation system 1900, receiving telemetry information from railroad cars 1902 of the transportation system 1900, sending data to railroad cars 1902 of the transportation system 1900 for maintenance and/or control of such vehicles, and so on.
[000166] Referring now to FIG. 21, there is illustrated a block diagram of a computing environment in accordance with various aspects described herein. In order to provide additional context for various embodiments of the embodiments described herein, FIG. 21 and the following discussion are intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitable computing environment 2100 in which the various embodiments of the subject disclosure can be implemented. While the embodiments have been described above in the general context of computer-executable instructions that can run on one or more computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments can be also implemented in combination with other program modules and/or as a combination of hardware and software.
[000167] Generally, program modules comprise routines, programs, components, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the inventive methods can be practiced with other computer system configurations, comprising single-processor or multiprocessor computer systems, minicomputers, mainframe computers, as well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices, microprocessor-based or
programmable consumer electronics, and the like, each of which can be operatively coupled to one or more associated devices.
[000168] The terms "first," "second," "third," and so forth, as used in the claims, unless otherwise clear by context, is for clarity only and doesn't otherwise indicate or imply any order in time. For instance, "a first determination," "a second determination," and "a third determination," does not indicate or imply that the first determination is to be made before the second determination, or vice versa, etc.
[000169] The illustrated embodiments of the embodiments herein can be also practiced in distributed computing environments where certain tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
[000170] Computing devices typically comprise a variety of media, which can comprise computer-readable storage media and/or communications media, which two terms are used herein differently from one another as follows. Computer-readable storage media can be any available storage media that can be accessed by the computer and comprises both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. By way of example, and not limitation, computer-readable storage media can be implemented in connection with any method or technology for storage of information such as computer- readable instructions, program modules, structured data or unstructured data.
[000171] Computer-readable storage media can comprise, but are not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory
technology, compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disk (DVD) or other optical disk storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or
other magnetic storage devices or other tangible and/or non-transitory media which can be used to store desired information. In this regard, the terms "tangible" or "non- transitory" herein as applied to storage, memory or computer-readable media, are to be understood to exclude only propagating transitory signals per se as modifiers and do not relinquish rights to all standard storage, memory or computer-readable media that are not only propagating transitory signals per se.
[000172] Computer-readable storage media can be accessed by one or more local or remote computing devices, e.g., via access requests, queries or other data retrieval protocols, for a variety of operations with respect to the information stored by the medium.
[000173] Communications media typically embody computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other structured or unstructured data in a data signal such as a modulated data signal, e.g., a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and comprises any information delivery or transport media. The term "modulated data signal" or signals refers to a signal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in one or more signals. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media comprise wired media, such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media.
[000174] With reference again to FIG. 21, the example environment 2100 for transmitting and receiving signals via or forming at least part of a base station (e.g., base station devices 102, 104, or 520) or central office (e.g., central office 101, 1411, or 2000). At least a portion of the example environment 2100 can also be used for repeater devices (e.g., repeater devices 710, or 806). The example environment can comprise a computer 2102, the computer 2102 comprising a processing unit 2104, a system memory 2106 and a system bus 2108. The system bus 2108 couples system components including, but not limited to, the system memory 2106 to the processing unit 2104. The processing unit 2104 can be any of various commercially available processors. Dual microprocessors and other multi-processor architectures can also be employed as the processing unit 2104.
[000175] The system bus 2108 can be any of several types of bus structure that can further interconnect to a memory bus (with or without a memory controller), a peripheral
bus, and a local bus using any of a variety of commercially available bus architectures. The system memory 2106 comprises ROM 2110 and RAM 2112. A basic input/output system (BIOS) can be stored in a non-volatile memory such as ROM, erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), EEPROM, which BIOS contains the basic routines that help to transfer information between elements within the computer 2102, such as during startup. The RAM 2112 can also comprise a high-speed RAM such as static RAM for caching data.
[000176] The computer 2102 further comprises an internal hard disk drive (HDD) 2114 (e.g., EIDE, SATA), which internal hard disk drive 2114 can also be configured for external use in a suitable chassis (not shown), a magnetic floppy disk drive (FDD) 2116, (e.g., to read from or write to a removable diskette 2118) and an optical disk drive 2120, (e.g., reading a CD-ROM disk 2122 or, to read from or write to other high capacity optical media such as the DVD). The hard disk drive 2114, magnetic disk drive 2116 and optical disk drive 2120 can be connected to the system bus 2108 by a hard disk drive interface 2124, a magnetic disk drive interface 2126 and an optical drive interface 2128, respectively. The interface 2124 for external drive implementations comprises at least one or both of Universal Serial Bus (USB) and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 1394 interface technologies. Other external drive connection technologies are within contemplation of the embodiments described herein.
[000177] The drives and their associated computer-readable storage media provide nonvolatile storage of data, data structures, computer-executable instructions, and so forth. For the computer 2102, the drives and storage media accommodate the storage of any data in a suitable digital format. Although the description of computer-readable storage media above refers to a hard disk drive (HDD), a removable magnetic diskette, and a removable optical media such as a CD or DVD, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other types of storage media which are readable by a computer, such as zip drives, magnetic cassettes, flash memory cards, cartridges, and the like, can also be used in the example operating environment, and further, that any such storage media can contain computer-executable instructions for performing the methods described herein.
[000178] A number of program modules can be stored in the drives and RAM 2112, comprising an operating system 2130, one or more application programs 2132, other
program modules 2134 and program data 2136. All or portions of the operating system, applications, modules, and/or data can also be cached in the RAM 2112. The systems and methods described herein can be implemented utilizing various commercially available operating systems or combinations of operating systems. Examples of application programs 2132 that can be implemented and otherwise executed by processing unit 2104 include the diversity selection determining performed by repeater device 806. Base station device 508 shown in FIG. 5, also has stored on memory many applications and programs that can be executed by processing unit 2104 in this exemplary computing environment 2100.
[000179] A user can enter commands and information into the computer 2102 through one or more wired/wireless input devices, e.g., a keyboard 2138 and a pointing device, such as a mouse 2140. Other input devices (not shown) can comprise a microphone, an infrared (IR) remote control, a joystick, a game pad, a stylus pen, touch screen or the like. These and other input devices are often connected to the processing unit 2104 through an input device interface 2142 that can be coupled to the system bus 2108, but can be connected by other interfaces, such as a parallel port, an IEEE 1394 serial port, a game port, a universal serial bus (USB) port, an IR interface, etc.
[000180] A monitor 2144 or other type of display device can be also connected to the system bus 2108 via an interface, such as a video adapter 2146. It will also be
appreciated that in alternative embodiments, a monitor 2144 can also be any display device (e.g., another computer having a display, a smart phone, a tablet computer, etc.) for receiving display information associated with computer 2102 via any communication means, including via the Internet and cloud-based networks. In addition to the monitor 2144, a computer typically comprises other peripheral output devices (not shown), such as speakers, printers, etc.
[000181] The computer 2102 can operate in a networked environment using logical connections via wired and/or wireless communications to one or more remote computers, such as a remote computer(s) 2148. The remote computer(s) 2148 can be a workstation, a server computer, a router, a personal computer, portable computer, microprocessor- based entertainment appliance, a peer device or other common network node, and typically comprises many or all of the elements described relative to the computer 2102,
although, for purposes of brevity, only a memory/storage device 2150 is illustrated. The logical connections depicted comprise wired/wireless connectivity to a local area network (LAN) 2152 and/or larger networks, e.g., a wide area network (WAN) 2154. Such LAN and WAN networking environments are commonplace in offices and companies, and facilitate enterprise- wide computer networks, such as intranets, all of which can connect to a global communications network, e.g., the Internet.
[000182] When used in a LAN networking environment, the computer 2102 can be connected to the local network 2152 through a wired and/or wireless communication network interface or adapter 2156. The adapter 2156 can facilitate wired or wireless communication to the LAN 2152, which can also comprise a wireless AP disposed thereon for communicating with the wireless adapter 2156.
[000183] When used in a WAN networking environment, the computer 2102 can comprise a modem 2158 or can be connected to a communications server on the WAN 2154 or has other means for establishing communications over the WAN 2154, such as by way of the Internet. The modem 2158, which can be internal or external and a wired or wireless device, can be connected to the system bus 2108 via the input device interface 2142. In a networked environment, program modules depicted relative to the computer 2102 or portions thereof, can be stored in the remote memory/storage device 2150. It will be appreciated that the network connections shown are example and other means of establishing a communications link between the computers can be used.
[000184] The computer 2102 can be operable to communicate with any wireless devices or entities operatively disposed in wireless communication, e.g., a printer, scanner, desktop and/or portable computer, portable data assistant, communications satellite, any piece of equipment or location associated with a wirelessly detectable tag (e.g., a kiosk, news stand, restroom), and telephone. This can comprise Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) and BLUETOOTHĀ® wireless technologies. Thus, the communication can be a predefined structure as with a conventional network or simply an ad hoc communication between at least two devices.
[000185] Wi-Fi can allow connection to the Internet from a couch at home, a bed in a hotel room or a conference room at work, without wires. Wi-Fi is a wireless technology similar to that used in a cell phone that enables such devices, e.g., computers, to send and
receive data indoors and out; anywhere within the range of a base station. Wi-Fi networks use radio technologies called IEEE 802.11 (a, b, g, n, ac, etc.) to provide secure, reliable, fast wireless connectivity. A Wi-Fi network can be used to connect computers to each other, to the Internet, and to wired networks (which can use IEEE 802.3 or Ethernet). Wi-Fi networks operate in the unlicensed 2.4 and 5 GHz radio bands for example or with products that contain both bands (dual band), so the networks can provide real- world performance similar to the basic lOBaseT wired Ethernet networks used in many offices.
[000186] FIG. 22presents an example embodiment 2200 of a mobile network platform 2210 that can implement and exploit one or more aspects of the disclosed subject matter described herein. In one or more embodiments, the mobile network platform 2210 can generate and receive signals transmitted and received by base stations (e.g., base station devices 102, 104 or520), central office (e.g., central office 101, 1411, or 2000), or repeater devices (e.g., repeater devices 710, or 806) associated with the disclosed subject matter. Generally, wireless network platform 2210 can comprise components, e.g., nodes, gateways, interfaces, servers, or disparate platforms, that facilitate both packet-switched (PS) (e.g., internet protocol (IP), frame relay, asynchronous transfer mode (ATM)) and circuit- switched (CS) traffic (e.g., voice and data), as well as control generation for networked wireless telecommunication. As a non-limiting example, wireless network platform 2210 can be included in telecommunications carrier networks, and can be considered carrier-side components as discussed elsewhere herein. Mobile network platform 2210 comprises CS gateway node(s) 2212 which can interface CS traffic received from legacy networks like telephony network(s) 2240 (e.g., public switched telephone network (PSTN), or public land mobile network (PLMN)) or a signaling system #7 (SS7) network 2270. Circuit switched gateway node(s) 2212 can authorize and authenticate traffic (e.g., voice) arising from such networks. Additionally, CS gateway node(s) 2212 can access mobility, or roaming, data generated through SS7 network 2270; for instance, mobility data stored in a visited location register (VLR), which can reside in memory 2230. Moreover, CS gateway node(s) 2212 interfaces CS- based traffic and signaling and PS gateway node(s) 2218. As an example, in a 3GPP UMTS network, CS gateway node(s) 2212 can be realized at least in part in gateway
GPRS support node(s) (GGSN). It should be appreciated that functionality and specific operation of CS gateway node(s) 2212, PS gateway node(s) 2218, and serving node(s) 2216, is provided and dictated by radio technology(ies) utilized by mobile network platform 2210 for telecommunication.
[000187] In addition to receiving and processing CS- switched traffic and signaling, PS gateway node(s) 2218 can authorize and authenticate PS-based data sessions with served mobile devices. Data sessions can comprise traffic, or content(s), exchanged with networks external to the wireless network platform 2210, like wide area network(s) (WANs) 2250, enterprise network(s) 2270, and service network(s) 2280, which can be embodied in local area network(s) (LANs), can also be interfaced with mobile network platform 2210 through PS gateway node(s) 2218. It is to be noted that WANs 2250 and enterprise network(s) 2260 can embody, at least in part, a service network(s) like IP multimedia subsystem (IMS). Based on radio technology layer(s) available in technology resource(s) 2217, packet- switched gateway node(s) 2218 can generate packet data protocol contexts when a data session is established; other data structures that facilitate routing of packetized data also can be generated. To that end, in an aspect, PS gateway node(s) 2218 can comprise a tunnel interface (e.g., tunnel termination gateway (TTG) in 3GPP UMTS network(s) (not shown)) which can facilitate packetized communication with disparate wireless network(s), such as Wi-Fi networks.
[000188] In embodiment 2200, wireless network platform 2210 also comprises serving node(s) 2216 that, based upon available radio technology layer(s) within technology resource(s) 2217, convey the various packetized flows of data streams received through PS gateway node(s) 2218. It is to be noted that for technology resource(s) 2217 that rely primarily on CS communication, server node(s) can deliver traffic without reliance on PS gateway node(s) 2218; for example, server node(s) can embody at least in part a mobile switching center. As an example, in a 3GPP UMTS network, serving node(s) 2216 can be embodied in serving GPRS support node(s) (SGSN).
[000189] For radio technologies that exploit packetized communication, server(s) 2214 in wireless network platform 2210 can execute numerous applications that can generate multiple disparate packetized data streams or flows, and manage (e.g., schedule, queue, format ...) such flows. Such application(s) can comprise add-on features to standard
services (for example, provisioning, billing, customer support ...) provided by wireless network platform 2210. Data streams (e.g., content(s) that are part of a voice call or data session) can be conveyed to PS gateway node(s) 2218 for authorization/authentication and initiation of a data session, and to serving node(s) 2216 for communication thereafter. In addition to application server, server(s) 2214 can comprise utility server(s), a utility server can comprise a provisioning server, an operations and maintenance server, a security server that can implement at least in part a certificate authority and firewalls as well as other security mechanisms, and the like. In an aspect, security server(s) secure communication served through wireless network platform 2210 to ensure network's operation and data integrity in addition to authorization and authentication procedures that CS gateway node(s) 2212 and PS gateway node(s) 2218 can enact. Moreover, provisioning server(s) can provision services from external network(s) like networks operated by a disparate service provider; for instance, WAN 2250 or Global Positioning System (GPS) network(s) (not shown). Provisioning server(s) can also provision coverage through networks associated to wireless network platform 2210 (e.g., deployed and operated by the same service provider), such as the distributed antennas networks shown in FIG. l(s) that enhance wireless service coverage by providing more network coverage. Repeater devices such as those shown in FIGs 7, 8, and 9 also improve network coverage in order to enhance subscriber service experience by way of UE 2275.
[000190] It is to be noted that server(s) 2214 can comprise one or more processors configured to confer at least in part the functionality of macro network platform 2210. To that end, the one or more processor can execute code instructions stored in memory 2230, for example. It is should be appreciated that server(s) 2214 can comprise a content manager 2215, which operates in substantially the same manner as described
hereinbefore.
[000191] In example embodiment 2200, memory 2230 can store information related to operation of wireless network platform 2210. Other operational information can comprise provisioning information of mobile devices served through wireless platform network 2210, subscriber databases; application intelligence, pricing schemes, e.g., promotional rates, flat-rate programs, couponing campaigns; technical specification(s) consistent with telecommunication protocols for operation of disparate radio, or wireless,
technology layers; and so forth. Memory 2230 can also store information from at least one of telephony network(s) 2240, WAN 2250, enterprise network(s) 2260, or SS7 network 2270. In an aspect, memory 2230 can be, for example, accessed as part of a data store component or as a remotely connected memory store.
[000192] In order to provide a context for the various aspects of the disclosed subject matter, FIG. 22, and the following discussion, are intended to provide a brief, general description of a suitable environment in which the various aspects of the disclosed subject matter can be implemented. While the subject matter has been described above in the general context of computer-executable instructions of a computer program that runs on a computer and/or computers, those skilled in the art will recognize that the disclosed subject matter also can be implemented in combination with other program modules. Generally, program modules comprise routines, programs, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks and/or implement particular abstract data types.
[000193] FIG. 23 depicts an illustrative embodiment of a communication device 2300. The communication device 2300 can serve as an illustrative embodiment of devices such as mobile devices and in-building devices referred to by the subject disclosure (e.g., in FIGs.l and 14).
[000194] The communication device 2300 can comprise a wireline and/or wireless transceiver 2302 (herein transceiver 2302), a user interface (UI) 2304, a power supply 2314, a location receiver 2316, a motion sensor 2318, an orientation sensor 2320, and a controller 2306 for managing operations thereof. The transceiver 2302 can support short- range or long-range wireless access technologies such as BluetoothĀ®, ZigBeeĀ®, WiFi, DECT, or cellular communication technologies, just to mention a few (BluetoothĀ® and ZigBeeĀ® are trademarks registered by the BluetoothĀ® Special Interest Group and the ZigBeeĀ® Alliance, respectively). Cellular technologies can include, for example, CDMA- IX, UMTS/HSDPA, GSM/GPRS, TDMA/EDGE, EV/DO, WiMAX, SDR, LTE, as well as other next generation wireless communication technologies as they arise. The transceiver 2302 can also be adapted to support circuit-switched wireline access technologies (such as PSTN), packet- switched wireline access technologies (such as TCP/IP, VoIP, etc.), and combinations thereof.
[000195] The UI 2304 can include a depressible or touch- sensitive keypad 2308 with a navigation mechanism such as a roller ball, a joystick, a mouse, or a navigation disk for manipulating operations of the communication device 2300. The keypad 2308 can be an integral part of a housing assembly of the communication device 2300 or an independent device operably coupled thereto by a tethered wireline interface (such as a USB cable) or a wireless interface supporting for example BluetoothĀ®. The keypad 2308 can represent a numeric keypad commonly used by phones, and/or a QWERTY keypad with
alphanumeric keys. The UI 2304 can further include a display 2310 such as monochrome or color LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) or other suitable display technology for conveying images to an end user of the communication device 2300. In an embodiment where the display 2310 is touch- sensitive, a portion or all of the keypad 2308 can be presented by way of the display 2310 with navigation features.
[000196] The display 2310 can use touch screen technology to also serve as a user interface for detecting user input. As a touch screen display, the communication device 2300 can be adapted to present a user interface having graphical user interface (GUI) elements that can be selected by a user with a touch of a finger. The touch screen display 2310 can be equipped with capacitive, resistive or other forms of sensing technology to detect how much surface area of a user's finger has been placed on a portion of the touch screen display. This sensing information can be used to control the manipulation of the GUI elements or other functions of the user interface. The display 2310 can be an integral part of the housing assembly of the communication device 2300 or an independent device communicatively coupled thereto by a tethered wireline interface (such as a cable) or a wireless interface.
[000197] The UI 2304 can also include an audio system 2312 that utilizes audio technology for conveying low volume audio (such as audio heard in proximity of a human ear) and high volume audio (such as speakerphone for hands free operation). The audio system 2312 can further include a microphone for receiving audible signals of an end user. The audio system 2312 can also be used for voice recognition applications. The UI 2304 can further include an image sensor 2313 such as a charged coupled device (CCD) camera for capturing still or moving images.
[000198] The power supply 2314 can utilize common power management technologies such as replaceable and rechargeable batteries, supply regulation technologies, and/or charging system technologies for supplying energy to the components of the
communication device 2300 to facilitate long-range or short-range portable
communications. Alternatively, or in combination, the charging system can utilize external power sources such as DC power supplied over a physical interface such as a USB port or other suitable tethering technologies.
[000199] The location receiver 2316 can utilize location technology such as a global positioning system (GPS) receiver capable of assisted GPS for identifying a location of the communication device 2300 based on signals generated by a constellation of GPS satellites, which can be used for facilitating location services such as navigation. The motion sensor 2318 can utilize motion sensing technology such as an accelerometer, a gyroscope, or other suitable motion sensing technology to detect motion of the communication device 2300 in three-dimensional space. The orientation sensor 2320 can utilize orientation sensing technology such as a magnetometer to detect the orientation of the communication device 2300 (north, south, west, and east, as well as combined orientations in degrees, minutes, or other suitable orientation metrics).
[000200] The communication device 2300 can use the transceiver 2302 to also determine a proximity to a cellular, WiFi, BluetoothĀ®, or other wireless access points by sensing techniques such as utilizing a received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and/or signal time of arrival (TO A) or time of flight (TOF) measurements. The controller 2306 can utilize computing technologies such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), programmable gate arrays, application specific integrated circuits, and/or a video processor with associated storage memory such as Flash, ROM, RAM, SRAM, DRAM or other storage technologies for executing computer instructions, controlling, and processing data supplied by the aforementioned components of the communication device 2300.
[000201] Other components not shown in FIG. 23 can be used in one or more embodiments of the subject disclosure. For instance, the communication device 2300 can include a slot for adding or removing an identity module such as a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card or Universal Integrated Circuit Card (UICC). SIM or UICC cards
can be used for identifying subscriber services, executing programs, storing subscriber data, and so on.
[000202] In the subject specification, terms such as "store," "storage," "data store," data storage," "database," and substantially any other information storage component relevant to operation and functionality of a component, refer to "memory components," or entities embodied in a "memory" or components comprising the memory. It will be appreciated that the memory components described herein can be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can comprise both volatile and nonvolatile memory, by way of illustration, and not limitation, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, disk storage, and memory storage. Further, nonvolatile memory can be included in read only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can comprise random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in many forms such as synchronous RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchlink DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct Rambus RAM (DRRAM). Additionally, the disclosed memory components of systems or methods herein are intended to comprise, without being limited to comprising, these and any other suitable types of memory.
[000203] Moreover, it will be noted that the disclosed subject matter can be practiced with other computer system configurations, comprising single-processor or
multiprocessor computer systems, mini-computing devices, mainframe computers, as well as personal computers, hand-held computing devices (e.g. , PDA, phone, watch, tablet computers, netbook computers, etc.), microprocessor-based or programmable consumer or industrial electronics, and the like. The illustrated aspects can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network; however, some if not all aspects of the subject disclosure can be practiced on stand-alone computers. In a distributed computing environment, program modules can be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.
[000204] Some of the embodiments described herein can also employ artificial intelligence (AI) to facilitate automating one or more features described herein. For example, artificial intelligence can be used to determine positions around a wire that dielectric waveguides 604 and 606 should be placed in order to maximize transfer efficiency. The embodiments (e.g., in connection with automatically identifying acquired cell sites that provide a maximum value/benefit after addition to an existing
communication network) can employ various AI-based schemes for carrying out various embodiments thereof. Moreover, the classifier can be employed to determine a ranking or priority of the each cell site of the acquired network. A classifier is a function that maps an input attribute vector, x = (xl, x2, x3, x4, ...,xn), to a confidence that the input belongs to a class, that is, f(x) = confidence(class). Such classification can employ a probabilistic and/or statistical-based analysis (e.g., factoring into the analysis utilities and costs) to prognose or infer an action that a user desires to be automatically performed. A support vector machine (SVM) is an example of a classifier that can be employed. The SVM operates by finding a hypersurface in the space of possible inputs, which the hypersurface attempts to split the triggering criteria from the non-triggering events. Intuitively, this makes the classification correct for testing data that is near, but not identical to training data. Other directed and undirected model classification approaches comprise, e.g., naive Bayes, Bayesian networks, decision trees, neural networks, fuzzy logic models, and probabilistic classification models providing different patterns of independence can be employed. Classification as used herein also is inclusive of statistical regression that is utilized to develop models of priority.
[0100] As will be readily appreciated, one or more of the embodiments can employ classifiers that are explicitly trained (e.g., via a generic training data) as well as implicitly trained (e.g., via observing UE behavior, operator preferences, historical information, receiving extrinsic information). For example, SVMs can be configured via a learning or training phase within a classifier constructor and feature selection module. Thus, the classifier(s) can be used to automatically learn and perform a number of functions, including but not limited to determining according to a predetermined criteria which of the acquired cell sites will benefit a maximum number of subscribers and/or which of the
acquired cell sites will add minimum value to the existing communication network coverage, etc.
[0101] As used in some contexts in this application, in some embodiments, the terms "component," "system" and the like are intended to refer to, or comprise, a computer- related entity or an entity related to an operational apparatus with one or more specific functionalities, wherein the entity can be either hardware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in execution. As an example, a component may be, but is not limited to being, a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable, a thread of execution, computer-executable instructions, a program, and/or a computer. By way of illustration and not limitation, both an application running on a server and the server can be a component. One or more components may reside within a process and/or thread of execution and a component may be localized on one computer and/or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can execute from various computer readable media having various data structures stored thereon. The components may communicate via local and/or remote processes such as in accordance with a signal having one or more data packets (e.g., data from one component interacting with another component in a local system, distributed system, and/or across a network such as the Internet with other systems via the signal). As another example, a component can be an apparatus with specific functionality provided by mechanical parts operated by electric or electronic circuitry, which is operated by a software or firmware application executed by a processor, wherein the processor can be internal or external to the apparatus and executes at least a part of the software or firmware application. As yet another example, a component can be an apparatus that provides specific functionality through electronic components without mechanical parts, the electronic components can comprise a processor therein to execute software or firmware that confers at least in part the functionality of the electronic components. While various components have been illustrated as separate components, it will be appreciated that multiple components can be implemented as a single component, or a single component can be implemented as multiple components, without departing from example embodiments.
[0102] Further, the various embodiments can be implemented as a method, apparatus or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques to
produce software, firmware, hardware or any combination thereof to control a computer to implement the disclosed subject matter. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer- readable device or computer-readable storage/communications media. For example, computer readable storage media can include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips), optical disks (e.g., compact disk (CD), digital versatile disk (DVD)), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., card, stick, key drive). Of course, those skilled in the art will recognize many modifications can be made to this configuration without departing from the scope or spirit of the various embodiments.
[0103] In addition, the words "example" and "exemplary" are used herein to mean serving as an instance or illustration. Any embodiment or design described herein as "example" or "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word example or exemplary is intended to present concepts in a concrete fashion. As used in this application, the term "or" is intended to mean an inclusive "or" rather than an exclusive "or". That is, unless specified otherwise or clear from context, "X employs A or B" is intended to mean any of the natural inclusive permutations. That is, if X employs A; X employs B; or X employs both A and B, then "X employs A or B" is satisfied under any of the foregoing instances. In addition, the articles "a" and "an" as used in this application and the appended claims should generally be construed to mean "one or more" unless specified otherwise or clear from context to be directed to a singular form.
[0104] Moreover, terms such as "user equipment," "mobile station," "mobile," subscriber station," "access terminal," "terminal," "handset," "mobile device" (and/or terms representing similar terminology) can refer to a wireless device utilized by a subscriber or user of a wireless communication service to receive or convey data, control, voice, video, sound, gaming or substantially any data-stream or signaling- stream. The foregoing terms are utilized interchangeably herein and with reference to the related drawings.
[0105] Furthermore, the terms "user," "subscriber," "customer," "consumer" and the like are employed interchangeably throughout, unless context warrants particular
distinctions among the terms. It should be appreciated that such terms can refer to human entities or automated components supported through artificial intelligence (e.g., a capacity to make inference based, at least, on complex mathematical formalisms), which can provide simulated vision, sound recognition and so forth.
[0106] As employed herein, the term "processor" can refer to substantially any computing processing unit or device comprising, but not limited to comprising, single- core processors; single-processors with software multithread execution capability; multi- core processors; multi-core processors with software multithread execution capability; multi-core processors with hardware multithread technology; parallel platforms; and parallel platforms with distributed shared memory. Additionally, a processor can refer to an integrated circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a programmable logic controller (PLC), a complex programmable logic device (CPLD), a discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. Processors can exploit nano-scale architectures such as, but not limited to, molecular and quantum-dot based transistors, switches and gates, in order to optimize space usage or enhance performance of user equipment. A processor can also be implemented as a combination of computing processing units.
[0107] As used herein, terms such as "data storage," data storage," "database," and substantially any other information storage component relevant to operation and functionality of a component, refer to "memory components," or entities embodied in a "memory" or components comprising the memory. It will be appreciated that the memory components or computer-readable storage media, described herein can be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory.
[0108] What has been described above includes mere examples of various embodiments. It is, of course, not possible to describe every conceivable combination of components or methodologies for purposes of describing these examples, but one of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that many further combinations and permutations of the present embodiments are possible. Accordingly, the embodiments disclosed and/or claimed herein are intended to embrace all such alterations, modifications and variations
that fall within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. Furthermore, to the extent that the term "includes" is used in either the detailed description or the claims, such term is intended to be inclusive in a manner similar to the term "comprising" as "comprising" is interpreted when employed as a transitional word in a claim.
[0109] Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it should be appreciated that any arrangement which achieves the same or similar purpose may be substituted for the embodiments described or shown by the subject disclosure. The subject disclosure is intended to cover any and all adaptations or variations of various embodiments. Combinations of the above embodiments, and other embodiments not specifically described herein, can be used in the subject disclosure. For instance, one or more features from one or more embodiments can be combined with one or more features of one or more other embodiments. In one or more embodiments, features that are positively recited can also be negatively recited and excluded from the embodiment with or without replacement by another structural and/or functional feature. The steps or functions described with respect to the embodiments of the subject disclosure can be performed in any order. The steps or functions described with respect to the
embodiments of the subject disclosure can be performed alone or in combination with other steps or functions of the subject disclosure, as well as from other embodiments or from other steps that have not been described in the subject disclosure. Further, more than or less than all of the features described with respect to an embodiment can also be utilized.
Claims
1. A method, comprising:
transmitting, by a waveguide system, first electromagnetic waves on a surface of a transmission medium via a communications interface of the waveguide system, wherein the transmission medium comprises a component of a passenger transportation system that enables transport of a vehicle of the passenger transportation system; and
receiving, by the waveguide system, second electromagnetic waves propagating on the surface of the transmission medium.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the passenger transportation system comprises a railway system.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the component of the passenger transportation system comprises a conductor that facilitates delivery of electrical energy to the vehicle of the passenger transportation system.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the component of the passenger transportation system comprises a portion of a rail of a track for guiding the vehicle of the passenger transportation system.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the surface of the transmission medium comprises a surface of the portion of the rail of the track that does not make physical contact with the vehicle.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the communications interface comprises an optical interface or a radio frequency interface.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the first electromagnetic waves comprise first data, and wherein the second electromagnetic waves include second data.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the first electromagnetic waves and the second electromagnetic waves facilitate communication services between a first device located in the vehicle of the passenger transportation system and a second device remotely located from the vehicle.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the communication services comprise voice services or data services.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the first electromagnetic waves operate at a first operating frequency, wherein the second electromagnetic waves operate at a second operating frequency, and wherein other electromagnetic waves that propagate on the surface of the transmission medium have an operating frequency that differs from the first operating frequency and the second operating frequency to reduce signal
interference.
11. A waveguide system, comprising:
a processor; and
a memory that stores executable instructions that, when executed by the processor, facilitate performance of operations, comprising:
transmitting first electromagnetic waves on a surface of a transmission medium via a communications interface of the waveguide system, wherein the transmission medium comprises a component of a passenger transportation system that enables transport of a vehicle of the passenger transportation system; and
receiving second electromagnetic waves propagating on the surface of the transmission medium.
12. The waveguide system of claim 11, wherein the passenger transportation system comprises a railway system.
13. The waveguide system of claim 11, wherein the component of the passenger transportation system comprises a conductor that facilitates delivery of electrical energy to the vehicle of the passenger transportation system.
14. The waveguide system of claim 11, wherein the component of the passenger transportation system comprises a portion of a rail of a track for guiding the vehicle of the passenger transportation system.
15. The waveguide system of claim 14, wherein the surface of the transmission medium comprises a surface of the portion of the rail of the track that does not make physical contact with the vehicle.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/513,550 US9762289B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2014-10-14 | Method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving signals in a transportation system |
US14/513,550 | 2014-10-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2016060762A1 true WO2016060762A1 (en) | 2016-04-21 |
Family
ID=54252369
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2015/049932 WO2016060762A1 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2015-09-14 | Method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving signals in a transportation system via surface waves over power lines |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US9762289B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016060762A1 (en) |
Cited By (146)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9608740B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2017-03-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for launching a wave mode that mitigates interference |
US9615269B2 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2017-04-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus that provides fault tolerance in a communication network |
US9628116B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2017-04-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for transmitting wireless signals |
US9640850B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2017-05-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for inducing a non-fundamental wave mode on a transmission medium |
US9667317B2 (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2017-05-30 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for providing security using network traffic adjustments |
US9674711B2 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2017-06-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Surface-wave communications and methods thereof |
US9685992B2 (en) | 2014-10-03 | 2017-06-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Circuit panel network and methods thereof |
US9705610B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-07-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission device with impairment compensation and methods for use therewith |
US9705561B2 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2017-07-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Directional coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US9722318B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2017-08-01 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device |
US9729197B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 | 2017-08-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for communicating network management traffic over a network |
US9735833B2 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2017-08-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for communications management in a neighborhood network |
US9742462B2 (en) | 2014-12-04 | 2017-08-22 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium and communication interfaces and methods for use therewith |
US9742521B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-08-22 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission device with mode division multiplexing and methods for use therewith |
US9749013B2 (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2017-08-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for reducing attenuation of electromagnetic waves guided by a transmission medium |
US9749053B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2017-08-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Node device, repeater and methods for use therewith |
US9748626B2 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2017-08-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Plurality of cables having different cross-sectional shapes which are bundled together to form a transmission medium |
US9762289B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2017-09-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving signals in a transportation system |
US9769128B2 (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2017-09-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for encryption of communications over a network |
US9769020B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-09-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for responding to events affecting communications in a communication network |
US9768833B2 (en) | 2014-09-15 | 2017-09-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for sensing a condition in a transmission medium of electromagnetic waves |
US9780834B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-10-03 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves |
US9787412B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2017-10-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for inducing a fundamental wave mode on a transmission medium |
US9793951B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2017-10-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for launching a wave mode that mitigates interference |
US9793955B2 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2017-10-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Passive electrical coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US9793954B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2017-10-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Magnetic coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US9800327B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-10-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for controlling operations of a communication device and methods thereof |
US9820146B2 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2017-11-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for authentication and identity management of communicating devices |
US9838896B1 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2017-12-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for assessing network coverage |
US9838078B2 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2017-12-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for exchanging communication signals |
US9847850B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2017-12-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for adjusting a mode of communication in a communication network |
US9847566B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2017-12-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for adjusting a field of a signal to mitigate interference |
US9853342B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2017-12-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dielectric transmission medium connector and methods for use therewith |
US9860075B1 (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2018-01-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and communication node for broadband distribution |
US9865911B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2018-01-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Waveguide system for slot radiating first electromagnetic waves that are combined into a non-fundamental wave mode second electromagnetic wave on a transmission medium |
US9866276B2 (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2018-01-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for arranging communication sessions in a communication system |
US9866309B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-01-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Host node device and methods for use therewith |
US9871282B2 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2018-01-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | At least one transmission medium having a dielectric surface that is covered at least in part by a second dielectric |
US9871558B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-01-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided-wave transmission device and methods for use therewith |
US9871283B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2018-01-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Transmission medium having a dielectric core comprised of plural members connected by a ball and socket configuration |
US9876605B1 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2018-01-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher and coupling system to support desired guided wave mode |
US9876264B2 (en) | 2015-10-02 | 2018-01-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Communication system, guided wave switch and methods for use therewith |
US9876570B2 (en) | 2015-02-20 | 2018-01-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Guided-wave transmission device with non-fundamental mode propagation and methods for use therewith |
US9882257B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-01-30 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for launching a wave mode that mitigates interference |
US9887447B2 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2018-02-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium having multiple cores and methods for use therewith |
US9893795B1 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2018-02-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Method and repeater for broadband distribution |
US9906269B2 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2018-02-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Monitoring and mitigating conditions in a communication network |
US9904535B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2018-02-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for distributing software |
US9912419B1 (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for managing a fault in a distributed antenna system |
US9912381B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Network termination and methods for use therewith |
US9912033B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Guided wave coupler, coupling module and methods for use therewith |
US9913139B2 (en) | 2015-06-09 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Signal fingerprinting for authentication of communicating devices |
US9911020B1 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for tracking via a radio frequency identification device |
US9912027B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for exchanging communication signals |
US9917341B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2018-03-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and method for launching electromagnetic waves and for modifying radial dimensions of the propagating electromagnetic waves |
US9930668B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2018-03-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Remote distributed antenna system |
US9927517B1 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2018-03-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for sensing rainfall |
US9948355B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-04-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for providing communication services and methods thereof |
US9948354B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2018-04-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Magnetic coupling device with reflective plate and methods for use therewith |
US9948333B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2018-04-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for wireless communications to mitigate interference |
US9954286B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-04-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided-wave transmission device with non-fundamental mode propagation and methods for use therewith |
US9954287B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2018-04-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for converting wireless signals and electromagnetic waves and methods thereof |
US9967173B2 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2018-05-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for authentication and identity management of communicating devices |
US9973940B1 (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2018-05-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for dynamic impedance matching of a guided wave launcher |
US9991580B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2018-06-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher and coupling system for guided wave mode cancellation |
US9999038B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2018-06-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Remote distributed antenna system |
US9997819B2 (en) | 2015-06-09 | 2018-06-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium and method for facilitating propagation of electromagnetic waves via a core |
US9998870B1 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2018-06-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for proximity sensing |
US10009063B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-06-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an out-of-band reference signal |
US10009067B2 (en) | 2014-12-04 | 2018-06-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for configuring a communication interface |
US10020844B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2018-07-10 | T&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for broadcast communication via guided waves |
US10027397B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2018-07-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Distributed antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10027398B2 (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2018-07-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Repeater and methods for use therewith |
US10033107B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-07-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device |
US10033108B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-07-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating an electromagnetic wave having a wave mode that mitigates interference |
US10044409B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-08-07 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium and methods for use therewith |
US10069535B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2018-09-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching electromagnetic waves having a certain electric field structure |
US10079661B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-09-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having a clock reference |
US10090594B2 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2018-10-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna system having structural configurations for assembly |
US10090606B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2018-10-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna system with dielectric array and methods for use therewith |
US10096881B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2018-10-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided wave couplers for coupling electromagnetic waves to an outer surface of a transmission medium |
US10103801B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-10-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Host node device and methods for use therewith |
US10103422B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2018-10-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for mounting network devices |
US10129057B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-11-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for inducing electromagnetic waves on a cable |
US10135146B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2018-11-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching guided waves via circuits |
US10135145B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2018-11-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating an electromagnetic wave along a transmission medium |
US10135147B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2018-11-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching guided waves via an antenna |
US10136434B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-11-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an ultra-wideband control channel |
US10139820B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2018-11-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for deploying equipment of a communication system |
US10142086B2 (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2018-11-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Repeater and methods for use therewith |
US10148016B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-12-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for communicating utilizing an antenna array |
US10144036B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2018-12-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for mitigating interference affecting a propagation of electromagnetic waves guided by a transmission medium |
US10170840B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-01-01 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for sending or receiving electromagnetic signals |
US10168695B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2019-01-01 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for controlling an unmanned aircraft |
US10178445B2 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2019-01-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods, devices, and systems for load balancing between a plurality of waveguides |
US10205655B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-02-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for communicating utilizing an antenna array and multiple communication paths |
US10225025B2 (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2019-03-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for detecting a fault in a communication system |
US10224634B2 (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2019-03-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for adjusting an operational characteristic of an antenna |
US10243270B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2019-03-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Beam adaptive multi-feed dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10243784B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2019-03-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System for generating topology information and methods thereof |
US10264586B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2019-04-16 | At&T Mobility Ii Llc | Cloud-based packet controller and methods for use therewith |
US10291311B2 (en) | 2016-09-09 | 2019-05-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for mitigating a fault in a distributed antenna system |
US10291334B2 (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2019-05-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System for detecting a fault in a communication system |
US10298293B2 (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2019-05-21 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus of communication utilizing wireless network devices |
US10305190B2 (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2019-05-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Reflecting dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10312567B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-06-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher with planar strip antenna and methods for use therewith |
US10320586B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-06-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating non-interfering electromagnetic waves on an insulated transmission medium |
US10326494B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2019-06-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for measurement de-embedding and methods for use therewith |
US10326689B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2019-06-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and system for providing alternative communication paths |
US10340600B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching guided waves via plural waveguide systems |
US10340603B2 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna system having shielded structural configurations for assembly |
US10340983B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for surveying remote sites via guided wave communications |
US10341142B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating non-interfering electromagnetic waves on an uninsulated conductor |
US10340601B2 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Multi-antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10340573B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher with cylindrical coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US10355367B2 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2019-07-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna structure for exchanging wireless signals |
US10361489B2 (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2019-07-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dielectric dish antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10359749B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2019-07-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for utilities management via guided wave communication |
US10374316B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2019-08-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System and dielectric antenna with non-uniform dielectric |
US10382976B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2019-08-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for managing wireless communications based on communication paths and network device positions |
US10389029B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2019-08-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Multi-feed dielectric antenna system with core selection and methods for use therewith |
US10389037B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2019-08-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for selecting sections of an antenna array and use therewith |
US10411356B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2019-09-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for selectively targeting communication devices with an antenna array |
US10439675B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2019-10-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for repeating guided wave communication signals |
US10439290B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-10-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for wireless communications |
US10446936B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2019-10-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Multi-feed dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10498044B2 (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2019-12-03 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for configuring a surface of an antenna |
US10511346B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-12-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for inducing electromagnetic waves on an uninsulated conductor |
US10530505B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2020-01-07 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching electromagnetic waves along a transmission medium |
US10535928B2 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2020-01-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10547348B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2020-01-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for switching transmission mediums in a communication system |
US10601494B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2020-03-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dual-band communication device and method for use therewith |
US10637149B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2020-04-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Injection molded dielectric antenna and methods for use therewith |
US10650940B2 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2020-05-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium having a conductive material and methods for use therewith |
US10665942B2 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2020-05-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for adjusting wireless communications |
US10694379B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2020-06-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Waveguide system with device-based authentication and methods for use therewith |
US10727599B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2020-07-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher with slot antenna and methods for use therewith |
US10755542B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2020-08-25 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for surveillance via guided wave communication |
US10777873B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2020-09-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for mounting network devices |
US10790593B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2020-09-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus including an antenna comprising a lens and a body coupled to a feedline having a structure that reduces reflections of electromagnetic waves |
US10797781B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2020-10-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Client node device and methods for use therewith |
US10811767B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2020-10-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System and dielectric antenna with convex dielectric radome |
US10819035B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2020-10-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher with helical antenna and methods for use therewith |
US10916969B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2021-02-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for providing power using an inductive coupling |
US10938108B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2021-03-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Frequency selective multi-feed dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US11032819B2 (en) | 2016-09-15 | 2021-06-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having a control channel reference signal |
Families Citing this family (30)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9113347B2 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2015-08-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Backhaul link for distributed antenna system |
US10009065B2 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2018-06-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Backhaul link for distributed antenna system |
US9209902B2 (en) | 2013-12-10 | 2015-12-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Quasi-optical coupler |
US9628854B2 (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2017-04-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for distributing content in a communication network |
US9564947B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-02-07 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided-wave transmission device with diversity and methods for use therewith |
US9680670B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-06-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission device with channel equalization and control and methods for use therewith |
US9654173B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-05-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for powering a communication device and methods thereof |
US20160209454A1 (en) | 2015-01-19 | 2016-07-21 | Patrick McCammon | Wireless Power Line Sensor |
US10679767B2 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2020-06-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium having a conductive material and methods for use therewith |
US10348391B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2019-07-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Client node device with frequency conversion and methods for use therewith |
US10154493B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-12-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Network termination and methods for use therewith |
US9836957B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2017-12-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for communicating with premises equipment |
US10784670B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2020-09-22 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna support for aligning an antenna |
US10020587B2 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2018-07-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Radial antenna and methods for use therewith |
US9705571B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2017-07-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system |
US10009901B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-06-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method, apparatus, and computer-readable storage medium for managing utilization of wireless resources between base stations |
US10051629B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-08-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an in-band reference signal |
US10074890B2 (en) | 2015-10-02 | 2018-09-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Communication device and antenna with integrated light assembly |
US9882277B2 (en) | 2015-10-02 | 2018-01-30 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Communication device and antenna assembly with actuated gimbal mount |
US10051483B2 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2018-08-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for directing wireless signals |
US10184964B2 (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2019-01-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Automatic measurement and notification of electrical level using smartphone sensors |
DE102016107211A1 (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2017-10-19 | Voith Patent Gmbh | DEVICE FOR DATA AND / OR SIGNAL TRANSMISSION |
US10375632B1 (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2019-08-06 | Google Llc | Power management for electromagnetic position tracking systems |
MX2021000535A (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2021-03-31 | Amsted Rail Co Inc | System and method for building and managing a train consist. |
US11216742B2 (en) | 2019-03-04 | 2022-01-04 | Iocurrents, Inc. | Data compression and communication using machine learning |
US20220156595A1 (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2022-05-19 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | System and method for supervised learning of permeability of earth formations |
CN110435721A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-12 | 大čæē§ęå¦é¢ | A kind of railroad train track block detection system and method based on 5G communication |
CN110450828A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2019-11-15 | ę°čŖč½Øéäŗ¤éē§ęęéå ¬åø | A kind of Train Management system |
EP3842318A1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-06-30 | Thales Management & Services Deutschland GmbH | Method for data transmission within a rail-mounted traffic system, data transmission system, rail-mounted traffic system comprising a data transmission system and use of communication units on field elements |
US11757995B2 (en) | 2021-04-27 | 2023-09-12 | Stmicroelectronics S.R.L. | Sensors with enhanced time division multiplexing frames |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050143868A1 (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2005-06-30 | Anthony Whelan | Broadband data services over vehicle power lines |
US20120078452A1 (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2012-03-29 | Wolfgang Daum | Rail communication system and method for communicating with a rail vehicle |
Family Cites Families (2276)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US395814A (en) | 1889-01-08 | Support for aerial electric conductors | ||
US529290A (en) | 1894-11-13 | Sealing-cap for air-brake couplings | ||
GB175489A (en) | 1920-12-21 | 1922-02-23 | Alfred Mills Taylor | Means for and methods of superposing electric currents of different frequencies uponexisting alternating current systems |
US1721785A (en) | 1924-11-22 | 1929-07-23 | Meyer Ulfilas | Electric conductor with artificially increased self-inductance |
US1860123A (en) | 1925-12-29 | 1932-05-24 | Rca Corp | Variable directional electric wave generating device |
US2129711A (en) | 1933-03-16 | 1938-09-13 | American Telephone & Telegraph | Guided transmission of ultra high frequency waves |
BE417436A (en) | 1935-10-03 | |||
US2147717A (en) | 1935-12-31 | 1939-02-21 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Guided wave transmission |
US2187908A (en) | 1936-06-15 | 1940-01-23 | Harold J Mccreary | Electromagnetic wave transmission |
US2199083A (en) | 1937-09-04 | 1940-04-30 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Transmission of guided waves |
US2232179A (en) | 1938-02-05 | 1941-02-18 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Transmission of guided waves |
US2283935A (en) | 1938-04-29 | 1942-05-26 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Transmission, radiation, and reception of electromagnetic waves |
US2207845A (en) | 1938-05-28 | 1940-07-16 | Rca Corp | Propagation of waves in a wave guide |
US2461005A (en) | 1940-04-05 | 1949-02-08 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Ultra high frequency transmission |
US2540839A (en) | 1940-07-18 | 1951-02-06 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Wave guide system |
US2398095A (en) | 1940-08-31 | 1946-04-09 | Rca Corp | Electromagnetic horn radiator |
US2402622A (en) | 1940-11-26 | 1946-06-25 | Univ Leland Stanford Junior | Radiating electromagnetic wave guide |
US2415807A (en) | 1942-01-29 | 1947-02-18 | Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc | Directive electromagnetic radiator |
US2415089A (en) | 1942-05-28 | 1947-02-04 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Microwave antennas |
US2407069A (en) | 1942-09-15 | 1946-09-03 | Gen Electric | Dielectric wave guide system |
US2407068A (en) | 1942-09-15 | 1946-09-03 | Gen Electric | Wave transmitting system |
FR961961A (en) | 1943-08-16 | 1950-05-26 | ||
US2513205A (en) | 1943-11-19 | 1950-06-27 | Us Navy | Rotatable joint for radio wave guide systems |
GB588159A (en) | 1944-01-15 | 1947-05-15 | Western Electric Co | Improvements in directive antennas |
US2562281A (en) | 1944-06-14 | 1951-07-31 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Directive pickup for transmission lines |
US2514679A (en) | 1944-06-16 | 1950-07-11 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Wave transmission |
US2432134A (en) | 1944-06-28 | 1947-12-09 | American Telephone & Telegraph | Directional radio system |
US2411338A (en) | 1944-07-24 | 1946-11-19 | Roberts Shepard | Wave guide |
US2455158A (en) | 1944-08-15 | 1948-11-30 | Philco Corp | Wave guide coupling device |
US2420007A (en) | 1944-09-30 | 1947-05-06 | Rca Corp | Flexible joint for waveguides |
US2557110A (en) | 1945-02-17 | 1951-06-19 | Sperry Corp | Wave guide attenuator apparatus |
US2519603A (en) | 1945-03-17 | 1950-08-22 | Reber Grote | Navigational instrument |
US2599864A (en) | 1945-06-20 | 1952-06-10 | Robertson-Shersby-Ha Rob Bruce | Wave front modifying wave guide system |
US2671855A (en) | 1945-09-19 | 1954-03-09 | Lester C Van Atta | Antenna |
US2761137A (en) | 1946-01-05 | 1956-08-28 | Lester C Van Atta | Solid dielectric waveguide with metal plating |
US2691766A (en) | 1946-01-29 | 1954-10-12 | Roger E Clapp | Waveguide mode transformer |
US2706279A (en) | 1946-02-01 | 1955-04-12 | Walter A Aron | Flexible joint for wave guides |
US2542980A (en) | 1946-02-19 | 1951-02-27 | Sperry Corportation | Electromagnetic horn |
US2556094A (en) | 1946-09-24 | 1951-06-05 | Rca Corp | High-frequency apparatus |
US2596190A (en) | 1947-09-05 | 1952-05-13 | Wiley Carl Atwood | Dielectric horn |
US2711514A (en) | 1948-10-27 | 1955-06-21 | Rines Robert Harvey | Wave guide modulation system |
US2488400A (en) | 1948-12-17 | 1949-11-15 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Toroidal coil-terminal bushing coupling power line and telephone circuit |
US2912695A (en) | 1948-12-31 | 1959-11-10 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Corrugated wave guide devices |
US2659817A (en) | 1948-12-31 | 1953-11-17 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Translation of electromagnetic waves |
GB667290A (en) | 1949-03-04 | 1952-02-27 | Nat Res Dev | Improvements in microwave circuits |
US2688732A (en) | 1949-05-05 | 1954-09-07 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Wave guide |
US2677055A (en) | 1949-10-06 | 1954-04-27 | Philip J Allen | Multiple-lobe antenna assembly |
BE554252A (en) | 1950-03-21 | |||
BE502150A (en) | 1950-03-27 | 1900-01-01 | ||
GB682817A (en) | 1950-08-17 | 1952-11-19 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Improvements in or relating to electric signalling lines |
US2810111A (en) | 1950-11-25 | 1957-10-15 | Sperry Rand Corp | Wave guide corner |
US2769148A (en) | 1951-03-07 | 1956-10-30 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Electrical conductors |
US2769147A (en) | 1951-05-05 | 1956-10-30 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Wave propagation in composite conductors |
GB705192A (en) | 1951-05-18 | 1954-03-10 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Improvements in or relating to couplings for electromagnetic waves between coaxial transmission lines and wire waveguides |
US2819451A (en) | 1951-07-12 | 1958-01-07 | Gen Electric Co Ltd | Electromagnetic-wave generating system |
NL81488C (en) | 1951-07-26 | |||
US2749545A (en) | 1951-08-01 | 1956-06-05 | Itt | Electromagnetic horn |
US2748350A (en) | 1951-09-05 | 1956-05-29 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Ultra-high frequency selective mode directional coupler |
US2754513A (en) | 1951-12-04 | 1956-07-10 | Georg J E Goubau | Antenna |
NL175381B (en) | 1952-03-01 | Lind Gertrud Agnes Matilda | STRETCHING BENCH FOR TREATING PAIN, FATIGUE, AND THE LIKE IN A PATIENT'S BACK. | |
US2740826A (en) | 1952-07-09 | 1956-04-03 | Product Dev Company | Low capacity high temperature coaxial cables |
US2727232A (en) | 1952-07-19 | 1955-12-13 | North American Aviation Inc | Antenna for radiating elliptically polarized electromagnetic waves |
US2805415A (en) | 1952-08-02 | 1957-09-03 | Sperry Rand Corp | Microwave antenna system |
GB725187A (en) | 1953-03-20 | 1955-03-02 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Improvements in or relating to high frequency transmission line systems |
BE528384A (en) | 1953-04-29 | |||
US2835871A (en) | 1953-08-07 | 1958-05-20 | Herbert P Raabe | Two-channel rotary wave guide joint |
GB767506A (en) | 1953-08-17 | 1957-02-06 | Standard Telephones Cables Ltd | Improvements in or relating to travelling wave tubes |
FR1096456A (en) | 1953-12-14 | 1955-06-21 | Antenna and dielectric feeder | |
GB746111A (en) | 1954-02-01 | 1956-03-07 | Lewis August Bonden | Low capacity coaxial electric cable |
US2915270A (en) | 1954-03-01 | 1959-12-01 | Gladsden David | Adjustable support for post-mounted lamps |
US2825060A (en) | 1954-10-18 | 1958-02-25 | Gabriel Co | Dual-polarization antenna |
US2806972A (en) | 1954-12-08 | 1957-09-17 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Traveling-wave tube |
US2867776A (en) | 1954-12-31 | 1959-01-06 | Rca Corp | Surface waveguide transition section |
US2949589A (en) | 1955-05-20 | 1960-08-16 | Surface Conduction Inc | Microwave communication lines |
US2820083A (en) | 1955-06-02 | 1958-01-14 | William L Hendrix | Aerial cable |
US2993205A (en) | 1955-08-19 | 1961-07-18 | Litton Ind Of Maryland Inc | Surface wave antenna array with radiators for coupling surface wave to free space wave |
LU35086A1 (en) | 1956-04-11 | |||
US2921277A (en) | 1956-07-13 | 1960-01-12 | Surface Conduction Inc | Launching and receiving of surface waves |
GB859951A (en) | 1956-07-13 | 1961-01-25 | Surface Conduction Inc | Improvements in or relating to launching and receiving of surface waves of electro-magnetic energy |
US2981949A (en) | 1956-09-04 | 1961-04-25 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Flush-mounted plural waveguide slot antenna |
FR1168564A (en) | 1957-02-08 | 1958-12-10 | Lignes Telegraph Telephon | Improvements to surface wave transmission lines |
US2925458A (en) | 1957-04-01 | 1960-02-16 | Crouse Hinds Co | Traffic signal disconnecting hanger |
DE1071168B (en) | 1957-08-29 | |||
US3047822A (en) | 1957-12-23 | 1962-07-31 | Thompson Ramo Wooldridge Inc | Wave communicating device |
US2960670A (en) | 1958-03-28 | 1960-11-15 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Microwave devices for wave guides of circular cross section |
US2972148A (en) | 1958-06-11 | 1961-02-14 | Bendix Corp | Multi-channel horn antenna |
US3040278A (en) | 1958-06-30 | 1962-06-19 | Polytechnic Inst Brooklyn | Broad-band single-wire transmission line |
US3028565A (en) | 1958-09-05 | 1962-04-03 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Microwave propagating structures |
NL244999A (en) | 1958-11-21 | |||
US2974297A (en) | 1959-04-28 | 1961-03-07 | Sperry Rand Corp | Constant phase shift rotator |
US3025478A (en) | 1959-05-27 | 1962-03-13 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Microwave devices for waveguides of circular cross section |
US3129356A (en) | 1959-05-28 | 1964-04-14 | Gen Electric | Fast electromagnetic wave and undulating electron beam interaction structure |
US3146453A (en) | 1959-08-24 | 1964-08-25 | Deco Electronics Inc | Shortened horn antenna with multiple phased feed |
US3077569A (en) | 1959-11-03 | 1963-02-12 | Ikrath Kurt | Surface wave launcher |
FR1250667A (en) | 1959-12-04 | 1961-01-13 | Coupling device for guided electromagnetic waves | |
DE1096441B (en) | 1960-02-25 | 1961-01-05 | Felten & Guilleaume Carlswerk | Concentric, air space-insulated high-frequency cable with a helical, corrugated outer conductor and a helical spacer made of insulating material between the inner and outer conductor |
US3234559A (en) | 1960-05-07 | 1966-02-08 | Telefunken Patent | Multiple horn feed for parabolic reflector with phase and power adjustments |
US3109175A (en) | 1960-06-20 | 1963-10-29 | Lockheed Aircraft Corp | Rotating beam antenna utilizing rotating reflector which sequentially enables separate groups of directors to become effective |
US3072870A (en) | 1960-07-21 | 1963-01-08 | Microwave Ass | Rectangular waveguide bend |
FR1273956A (en) | 1960-09-08 | 1961-10-20 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Aerial improvements for ultra-short waves |
NL272285A (en) | 1960-12-19 | |||
US3392395A (en) | 1961-05-22 | 1968-07-09 | Hazeltine Research Inc | Monopulse antenna system providing independent control in a plurality of modes of operation |
DE1140246B (en) | 1961-09-28 | 1962-11-29 | Rohde & Schwarz | Coupling arrangement for a surface waveguide |
DE1158597B (en) | 1962-02-23 | 1963-12-05 | Telefunken Patent | Low-loss waveguide for the transmission of the H-wave |
US3218384A (en) | 1962-03-29 | 1965-11-16 | Int Nickel Co | Temperature-responsive transmission line conductor for de-icing |
US3296685A (en) | 1962-05-31 | 1967-01-10 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Method of making dielectric foam antenna |
GB1076772A (en) | 1963-03-15 | 1967-07-19 | Central Electr Generat Board | Improvements in or relating to electrical conductors for alternating current |
US3725937A (en) | 1963-05-25 | 1973-04-03 | Telefunken Patent | Radar system for determining the angular deviation of a target from a reference line |
US3427573A (en) | 1963-11-26 | 1969-02-11 | Gen Electric | Low-pass non-reactive frequency selective filter in which high frequencies are absorbed in dissipative material |
US3524192A (en) | 1963-12-09 | 1970-08-11 | Motorola Inc | Scanning apparatus for antenna arrays |
US3201724A (en) | 1964-01-07 | 1965-08-17 | Hafner Theodore | Suspension system for surface wave transmission line |
US3255454A (en) | 1964-02-06 | 1966-06-07 | Carlton H Walter | Surface wave luneberg lens antenna system |
FR1419597A (en) | 1964-03-20 | 1965-12-03 | Thomson Houston Comp Francaise | Ultra-shortwave antenna improvements |
GB1034765A (en) | 1964-06-08 | 1966-07-06 | Int Nickel Ltd | Electrical conductors and alloys for use therein |
US3329958A (en) | 1964-06-11 | 1967-07-04 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Artificial dielectric lens structure |
GB1119481A (en) * | 1964-12-28 | 1968-07-10 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Improved system for combined obstacle detection and communication for track-borne vehicles |
US3321763A (en) | 1965-01-27 | 1967-05-23 | Ikrath Kurt | Inflatable microwave antenna with variable parameters |
US3351947A (en) | 1965-02-17 | 1967-11-07 | Mark Products Company | Shrouded parabolic antenna structure |
US3420596A (en) | 1965-03-05 | 1969-01-07 | American Optical Corp | Apparatus including guide plate means and multiple internal reflective prism means for launching and transmitting surface-guided optical waves |
US3414903A (en) | 1965-03-10 | 1968-12-03 | Radiation Inc | Antenna system with dielectric horn structure interposed between the source and lens |
US3316344A (en) | 1965-04-26 | 1967-04-25 | Central Electr Generat Board | Prevention of icing of electrical conductors |
US3316345A (en) | 1965-04-26 | 1967-04-25 | Central Electr Generat Board | Prevention of icing of electrical conductors |
US3318561A (en) | 1965-05-12 | 1967-05-09 | Antenna Specialists Co | Antenna support bracket |
US3389394A (en) | 1965-11-26 | 1968-06-18 | Radiation Inc | Multiple frequency antenna |
US3411112A (en) | 1966-04-15 | 1968-11-12 | Loral Corp | Ferrimagnetic couplers employing a transition from air dielectric waveguide to solid dielectric waveguide |
US3531803A (en) | 1966-05-02 | 1970-09-29 | Hughes Aircraft Co | Switching and power phasing apparatus for automatically forming and despinning an antenna beam for a spinning body |
US3413642A (en) | 1966-05-05 | 1968-11-26 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Dual mode antenna |
GB1207491A (en) | 1966-10-07 | 1970-10-07 | Harold Everard Monteagl Barlow | Improvements relating to transmission line systems |
US3500422A (en) | 1966-11-03 | 1970-03-10 | Us Navy | Sub-array horn assembly for phased array application |
US3530481A (en) | 1967-01-09 | 1970-09-22 | Hitachi Ltd | Electromagnetic horn antenna |
US3459873A (en) | 1967-02-16 | 1969-08-05 | Gen Electric | Shielded connector for movable lines |
US3609247A (en) | 1967-04-21 | 1971-09-28 | Carrier Communication Inc | Inductive carrier communication systems |
GB1141390A (en) | 1967-04-24 | 1969-01-29 | Mullard Ltd | An improved method of preventing the formation of ice on an overhead power transmission line |
US3454951A (en) | 1967-05-05 | 1969-07-08 | North American Rockwell | Spiral antenna with zigzag arms to reduce size |
US3522560A (en) | 1967-10-06 | 1970-08-04 | Western Electric Co | Solid dielectric waveguide filters |
US3509463A (en) | 1967-12-29 | 1970-04-28 | Sylvania Electric Prod | Surface wave transmission system |
US3487158A (en) | 1968-05-01 | 1969-12-30 | Interpace Corp | Power line support system using bushing insulators for narrow right-of-way |
US3566317A (en) | 1968-05-24 | 1971-02-23 | Theodore Hafner | Extensible surface wave transmission line |
US3557341A (en) | 1968-08-09 | 1971-01-19 | Vero Zap Otdel Vg Proektino Iz | Apparatus for protecting ac switches and electrical equipment against low temperatures and icing |
US3529205A (en) | 1968-10-21 | 1970-09-15 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Spatially periodic coupling for modes having differing propagation constants and traveling wave tube utilizing same |
US3599219A (en) | 1969-01-29 | 1971-08-10 | Andrew Corp | Backlobe reduction in reflector-type antennas |
US3555553A (en) | 1969-01-31 | 1971-01-12 | Us Navy | Coaxial-line to waveguide transition for horn antenna |
US3588754A (en) | 1969-04-21 | 1971-06-28 | Theodore Hafner | Attachment of surface wave launcher and surface wave conductor |
US3558213A (en) | 1969-04-25 | 1971-01-26 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Optical frequency filters using disc cavity |
US3603904A (en) | 1969-06-04 | 1971-09-07 | Theodore Hafner | Temperature controlled surface wave feeder lines |
US3589121A (en) | 1969-08-01 | 1971-06-29 | Gen Electric | Method of making fluid-blocked stranded conductor |
US3623114A (en) | 1969-08-11 | 1971-11-23 | Nasa | Conical reflector antenna |
US3699574A (en) | 1969-10-16 | 1972-10-17 | Us Navy | Scanned cylindrical array monopulse antenna |
GB1338384A (en) | 1969-12-17 | 1973-11-21 | Post Office | Dielectric waveguides |
US3693922A (en) | 1970-03-02 | 1972-09-26 | Michel M F Gueguen | Support for antenna device |
US3660673A (en) | 1970-04-16 | 1972-05-02 | North American Rockwell | Optical parametric device |
US3668459A (en) | 1970-09-08 | 1972-06-06 | Varian Associates | Coupled cavity slow wave circuit and tube using same |
FR2119804B1 (en) | 1970-09-15 | 1974-05-17 | Poitevin Jean Pierre | |
US3672202A (en) | 1970-09-15 | 1972-06-27 | Microwave Dev Lab Inc | Method of making waveguide bend |
JPS5119742B1 (en) | 1970-10-17 | 1976-06-19 | ||
GB1364264A (en) | 1970-11-16 | 1974-08-21 | Sits Soc It Telecom Siemens | Transmission system including a monitoring system |
US3753086A (en) | 1970-12-09 | 1973-08-14 | W Shoemaker | Method and apparatus for locating and measuring wave guide discontinuities |
US3686596A (en) | 1971-03-08 | 1972-08-22 | Bunker Ramo | Double mitered compensated waveguide bend |
GB1392452A (en) | 1971-08-02 | 1975-04-30 | Nat Res Dev | Waveguides |
US3806931A (en) | 1971-10-26 | 1974-04-23 | Us Navy | Amplitude modulation using phased-array antennas |
GB1389554A (en) | 1972-05-26 | 1975-04-03 | Coal Industry Patents Ltd | Radiating line transmission system |
GB1383549A (en) | 1972-07-28 | 1974-02-12 | Post Office | Optical communications systems |
US5926128A (en) | 1972-11-01 | 1999-07-20 | The Marconi Company Limited | Radar systems |
GB1422956A (en) | 1972-11-10 | 1976-01-28 | Bicc Ltd | Optical guides |
FR2214161A1 (en) | 1973-01-13 | 1974-08-09 | Aeg Telefunken Kabelwerke | High voltage aerial telecommunications cable - with a polyethylene dielectric and a core formed by coaxial lines |
US3952984A (en) | 1973-02-12 | 1976-04-27 | Dracos Alexander Dimitry | Mid-tower rotary antenna mount |
US3796970A (en) | 1973-04-04 | 1974-03-12 | Bell Telephone Labor Inc | Orthogonal resonant filter for planar transmission lines |
US3833909A (en) | 1973-05-07 | 1974-09-03 | Sperry Rand Corp | Compact wide-angle scanning antenna system |
US3835407A (en) | 1973-05-21 | 1974-09-10 | California Inst Of Techn | Monolithic solid state travelling wave tunable amplifier and oscillator |
US3911415A (en) | 1973-12-18 | 1975-10-07 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Distribution network power line carrier communication system |
JPS5237941B2 (en) | 1974-02-04 | 1977-09-26 | ||
US3888446A (en) | 1974-04-02 | 1975-06-10 | Valmont Industries | Pole mounting bracket attachment |
US3899759A (en) | 1974-04-08 | 1975-08-12 | Microwave Ass | Electric wave resonators |
US3936838A (en) | 1974-05-16 | 1976-02-03 | Rca Corporation | Multimode coupling system including a funnel-shaped multimode coupler |
US3983560A (en) | 1974-06-06 | 1976-09-28 | Andrew Corporation | Cassegrain antenna with improved subreflector for terrestrial communication systems |
US3935577A (en) | 1974-09-11 | 1976-01-27 | Andrew Corporation | Flared microwave horn with dielectric lens |
US3973087A (en) | 1974-12-05 | 1976-08-03 | General Electric Company | Signal repeater for power line access data system |
US3973240A (en) | 1974-12-05 | 1976-08-03 | General Electric Company | Power line access data system |
US4125768A (en) | 1974-12-18 | 1978-11-14 | Post Office | Apparatus for launching or detecting waves of selected modes in an optical dielectric waveguide |
GB1527228A (en) | 1974-12-18 | 1978-10-04 | Post Office | Apparatus for launching or detecting waves of selected modes in an optical dielectric waveguide |
US4274097A (en) | 1975-03-25 | 1981-06-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Embedded dielectric rod antenna |
US4010799A (en) | 1975-09-15 | 1977-03-08 | Petro-Canada Exploration Inc. | Method for reducing power loss associated with electrical heating of a subterranean formation |
US3959794A (en) | 1975-09-26 | 1976-05-25 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Semiconductor waveguide antenna with diode control for scanning |
US4035054A (en) | 1975-12-05 | 1977-07-12 | Kevlin Manufacturing Company | Coaxial connector |
US4026632A (en) | 1976-01-07 | 1977-05-31 | Canadian Patents And Development Limited | Frequency selective interwaveguide coupler |
US4020431A (en) | 1976-01-15 | 1977-04-26 | Rockwell International Corporation | Multiaxis rotary joint for guided em waves |
DE2609280A1 (en) | 1976-03-04 | 1977-09-15 | Schering Ag | SCHAEDLING INHIBITOR |
GB1531553A (en) | 1976-04-20 | 1978-11-08 | Marconi Co Ltd | Mode couplers |
US4080600A (en) | 1976-05-20 | 1978-03-21 | Tull Aviation Corporation | Scanning beam radio navigation method and apparatus |
US4047180A (en) | 1976-06-01 | 1977-09-06 | Gte Sylvania Incorporated | Broadband corrugated horn antenna with radome |
DE2628713A1 (en) | 1976-06-25 | 1977-12-29 | Siemens Ag | ROTATIONAL SYMMETRIC DUAL MIRROR ANTENNA |
US4030048A (en) | 1976-07-06 | 1977-06-14 | Rca Corporation | Multimode coupling system including a funnel-shaped multimode coupler |
US4099184A (en) | 1976-11-29 | 1978-07-04 | Motorola, Inc. | Directive antenna with reflectors and directors |
FR2372442A1 (en) | 1976-11-30 | 1978-06-23 | Thomson Csf | COUPLING DEVICE FOR INTERCONNECTION OF OPTICAL WAVEGUIDES AND OPTICAL TRANSMISSION SYSTEM INCLUDING SUCH A DEVICE |
US4149170A (en) | 1976-12-09 | 1979-04-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Multiport cable choke |
CH613565A5 (en) | 1977-02-11 | 1979-09-28 | Patelhold Patentverwertung | |
US4123759A (en) | 1977-03-21 | 1978-10-31 | Microwave Associates, Inc. | Phased array antenna |
US4156241A (en) | 1977-04-01 | 1979-05-22 | Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. | Satellite tracking antenna apparatus |
JPS5445040A (en) | 1977-09-16 | 1979-04-10 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Rear warning radar device |
US4175257A (en) | 1977-10-05 | 1979-11-20 | United Technologies Corporation | Modular microwave power combiner |
GB2010528B (en) | 1977-12-16 | 1982-05-19 | Post Office | Underwater cables |
US4155108A (en) | 1977-12-27 | 1979-05-15 | Telcom, Inc. | Pole-mounted equipment housing assembly |
US4190137A (en) | 1978-06-22 | 1980-02-26 | Dainichi-Nippon Cables, Ltd. | Apparatus for deicing of trolley wires |
DE2828662C2 (en) | 1978-06-29 | 1980-02-28 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Circuit arrangement for optional switching through or blocking of high bandwidth signals |
US4463329A (en) | 1978-08-15 | 1984-07-31 | Hirosuke Suzuki | Dielectric waveguide |
US4319074A (en) | 1978-08-15 | 1982-03-09 | Trw Inc. | Void-free electrical conductor for power cables and process for making same |
US4188595A (en) | 1978-08-21 | 1980-02-12 | Sperry Corporation | Shielded surface wave transmission line |
US4250489A (en) | 1978-10-31 | 1981-02-10 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Distribution network communication system having branch connected repeaters |
US4329690A (en) | 1978-11-13 | 1982-05-11 | International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation | Multiple shipboard antenna configuration |
JPS55124303U (en) | 1979-02-24 | 1980-09-03 | ||
US4259103A (en) | 1979-03-12 | 1981-03-31 | Dow Corning Corporation | Method of reducing the number of microorganisms in a media and a method of preservation |
JPS55138902U (en) | 1979-03-26 | 1980-10-03 | ||
US4234753A (en) | 1979-05-18 | 1980-11-18 | A. B. Chance Company | Electrical insulator and conductor cover |
US4307938A (en) | 1979-06-19 | 1981-12-29 | Andrew Corporation | Dielectric waveguide with elongate cross-section |
CA1136267A (en) | 1979-07-25 | 1982-11-23 | Bahman Azarbar | Array of annular slots excited by radial waveguide modes |
US4246584A (en) | 1979-08-22 | 1981-01-20 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Hybrid mode waveguide or feedhorn antenna |
DE2938810A1 (en) | 1979-09-25 | 1981-04-09 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 MĆ¼nchen | DEVICE FOR INJECTING RADIATION IN AN OPTICAL WAVE GUIDE |
US4293833A (en) | 1979-11-01 | 1981-10-06 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Millimeter wave transmission line using thallium bromo-iodide fiber |
US4238974A (en) | 1979-11-09 | 1980-12-16 | Cablecraft, Inc. | Universal seal and support guide for push-pull cable terminals |
US4316646A (en) | 1980-02-04 | 1982-02-23 | Amerace Corporation | Laterally flexible electrical connector assembly |
US4278955A (en) | 1980-02-22 | 1981-07-14 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Coupler for feeding extensible transmission line |
DE3011868A1 (en) | 1980-03-27 | 1981-10-01 | Kabel- und Metallwerke GutehoffnungshĆ¼tte AG, 3000 Hannover | HUMIDITY PROTECTED ELECTRICAL POWER CABLE |
US4333082A (en) | 1980-03-31 | 1982-06-01 | Sperry Corporation | Inhomogeneous dielectric dome antenna |
US4336719A (en) | 1980-07-11 | 1982-06-29 | Panametrics, Inc. | Ultrasonic flowmeters using waveguide antennas |
US4366565A (en) | 1980-07-29 | 1982-12-28 | Herskowitz Gerald J | Local area network optical fiber data communication |
JPS5744107A (en) | 1980-08-29 | 1982-03-12 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Optical fiber cable and its manufacture |
US4345256A (en) | 1980-12-15 | 1982-08-17 | Sperry Corporation | Steerable directional antenna |
US8830112B1 (en) | 1981-01-16 | 2014-09-09 | The Boeing Company | Airborne radar jamming system |
US4384289A (en) | 1981-01-23 | 1983-05-17 | General Electric Company | Transponder unit for measuring temperature and current on live transmission lines |
US4398121A (en) | 1981-02-05 | 1983-08-09 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Mode suppression means for gyrotron cavities |
JPS618251Y2 (en) | 1981-03-12 | 1986-03-14 | ||
CA1194957A (en) | 1981-09-14 | 1985-10-08 | Hitoshi Fukagawa | Data transmission system utilizing power line |
US4829310A (en) | 1981-10-02 | 1989-05-09 | Eyring Research Institute, Inc. | Wireless communication system using current formed underground vertical plane polarized antennas |
US4447811A (en) | 1981-10-26 | 1984-05-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Dielectric loaded horn antennas having improved radiation characteristics |
US4482899A (en) | 1981-10-28 | 1984-11-13 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Wide bandwidth hybrid mode feeds |
US4468672A (en) | 1981-10-28 | 1984-08-28 | Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated | Wide bandwidth hybrid mode feeds |
US4495498A (en) | 1981-11-02 | 1985-01-22 | Trw Inc. | N by M planar configuration switch for radio frequency applications |
SE429160B (en) | 1981-11-13 | 1983-08-15 | Philips Svenska Ab | DOUBLE TURNTABLE DEVICE FOR RETURNABLE PROJECTIL BY NUMBER OF ACCELERATION FORCES |
US4488156A (en) | 1982-02-10 | 1984-12-11 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Geodesic dome-lens antenna |
US4516130A (en) | 1982-03-09 | 1985-05-07 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Antenna arrangements using focal plane filtering for reducing sidelobes |
US4475209A (en) | 1982-04-23 | 1984-10-02 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Regenerator for an intrabundle power-line communication system |
JPS58191503A (en) | 1982-05-01 | 1983-11-08 | Junkosha Co Ltd | Transmission line |
US4567401A (en) | 1982-06-12 | 1986-01-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Wide-band distributed rf coupler |
US4533875A (en) | 1982-06-16 | 1985-08-06 | Lau Yue Ying | Wide-band gyrotron traveling-wave amplifier |
US4525432A (en) | 1982-06-21 | 1985-06-25 | Fujikura Ltd. | Magnetic material wire |
US4477814A (en) | 1982-08-02 | 1984-10-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Dual mode radio frequency-infrared frequency system |
BR8304855A (en) | 1982-09-07 | 1984-04-24 | Andrew Corp | MICROWAVE ANTENNA |
GB2133240B (en) | 1982-12-01 | 1986-06-25 | Philips Electronic Associated | Tunable waveguide oscillator |
US4566012A (en) | 1982-12-30 | 1986-01-21 | Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation | Wide-band microwave signal coupler |
US4788553A (en) | 1983-04-06 | 1988-11-29 | Trw Inc. | Doppler radar velocity measurement apparatus |
US4660050A (en) | 1983-04-06 | 1987-04-21 | Trw Inc. | Doppler radar velocity measurement horn |
US4746241A (en) | 1983-04-13 | 1988-05-24 | Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation | Hinge clamp for securing a sensor module on a power transmission line |
US4689752A (en) | 1983-04-13 | 1987-08-25 | Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation | System and apparatus for monitoring and control of a bulk electric power delivery system |
US5153676A (en) | 1983-04-26 | 1992-10-06 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Apparatus and method for reducing phase errors in an interferometer |
AU565039B2 (en) | 1983-05-23 | 1987-09-03 | Hazeltine Corp. | Resonant waveguide aperture manifold |
US4553112A (en) | 1983-05-31 | 1985-11-12 | Andrew Corporation | Overmoded tapered waveguide transition having phase shifted higher order mode cancellation |
US4598262A (en) | 1983-06-08 | 1986-07-01 | Trw Inc. | Quasi-optical waveguide filter |
JPS59232302A (en) | 1983-06-15 | 1984-12-27 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Fiber for optical transmission |
US4550271A (en) | 1983-06-23 | 1985-10-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Gyromagnetron amplifier |
US4589424A (en) | 1983-08-22 | 1986-05-20 | Varian Associates, Inc | Microwave hyperthermia applicator with variable radiation pattern |
EP0136818A1 (en) | 1983-09-06 | 1985-04-10 | Andrew Corporation | Dual mode feed horn or horn antenna for two or more frequency bands |
US4575847A (en) | 1983-09-26 | 1986-03-11 | International Business Machines Corp. | Hot carrier detection |
US4556271A (en) | 1983-10-14 | 1985-12-03 | M/A-Com Omni Spectra, Inc. | Hermetically sealed connector |
BR8305993A (en) | 1983-10-25 | 1985-06-04 | Brasilia Telecom | DIRECTIONAL ACIPLATOR USING CORRUGATED GUIDE TO SEPARATE TWO FREQUENCY BANDS MAINTAINING POLARIZATION CHARACTERISTICS |
BR8307286A (en) | 1983-12-27 | 1985-08-06 | Brasilia Telecom | TRANSITION BETWEEN FLAT AND CORRUGATED GUIDE FOR OPERATION IN TWO DIFFERENT FREQUENCY BANDS |
DE3400605A1 (en) | 1984-01-10 | 1985-08-29 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 MĆ¼nchen | OPTICAL TRANSMISSION ELEMENT |
US4604627A (en) | 1984-01-11 | 1986-08-05 | Andrew Corporation | Flared microwave feed horns and waveguide transitions |
CA1226914A (en) | 1984-01-26 | 1987-09-15 | The University Of British Columbia | Modem for pseudo noise communication on a.c. lines |
US4638322A (en) | 1984-02-14 | 1987-01-20 | The Boeing Company | Multiple feed antenna |
US4573215A (en) | 1984-02-21 | 1986-02-25 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Optical data distribution network with listen-while-talk capabilities |
US4636753A (en) | 1984-05-15 | 1987-01-13 | Communications Satellite Corporation | General technique for the integration of MIC/MMIC'S with waveguides |
US4704611A (en) | 1984-06-12 | 1987-11-03 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Electronic tracking system for microwave antennas |
US5341088A (en) | 1984-06-22 | 1994-08-23 | Davis Murray W | System for rating electric power transmission lines and equipment |
US4673943A (en) | 1984-09-25 | 1987-06-16 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Integrated defense communications system antijamming antenna system |
US4672384A (en) | 1984-12-31 | 1987-06-09 | Raytheon Company | Circularly polarized radio frequency antenna |
JPS61163704A (en) | 1985-01-16 | 1986-07-24 | Junkosha Co Ltd | Dielectric line |
US4644365A (en) | 1985-02-08 | 1987-02-17 | Horning Leonard A | Adjustable antenna mount for parabolic antennas |
DE3504546A1 (en) | 1985-02-11 | 1986-08-14 | Scheele Ing.-BĆ¼ro GmbH, 2875 Ganderkesee | Means for stabilising sensors and antennas on tall masts |
JPS61178682U (en) | 1985-04-27 | 1986-11-07 | ||
NL8501233A (en) | 1985-05-01 | 1986-12-01 | Hollandse Signaalapparaten Bv | VERSATILE MOVABLE WAVE PIPE CONNECTION, DRIVABLE WAVE PIPE COUPLING AND ARRANGEMENT RADAR ANTENNA ARRANGEMENT. |
JPS61260702A (en) | 1985-05-15 | 1986-11-18 | Hitachi Ltd | Microwave changeover switch |
US4800350A (en) | 1985-05-23 | 1989-01-24 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Dielectric waveguide using powdered material |
US4818963A (en) | 1985-06-05 | 1989-04-04 | Raytheon Company | Dielectric waveguide phase shifter |
US4665660A (en) | 1985-06-19 | 1987-05-19 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Millimeter wavelength dielectric waveguide having increased power output and a method of making same |
US4735097A (en) | 1985-08-12 | 1988-04-05 | Panametrics, Inc. | Method and apparatus for measuring fluid characteristics using surface generated volumetric interrogation signals |
DE3533204A1 (en) | 1985-09-18 | 1987-03-19 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag | ANTENNA WITH A MAIN REFLECTOR AND AUXILIARY REFLECTOR |
DE3533211A1 (en) | 1985-09-18 | 1987-03-19 | Standard Elektrik Lorenz Ag | Parabolic antenna for directional-radio systems |
US4792812A (en) | 1985-09-30 | 1988-12-20 | Rinehart Wayne R | Microwave earth station with embedded receiver/transmitter and reflector |
US4886980A (en) | 1985-11-05 | 1989-12-12 | Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation | Transmission line sensor apparatus operable with near zero current line conditions |
DE3540900A1 (en) | 1985-11-18 | 1987-05-21 | Rudolf Dr Ing Wohlleben | HORN SPOTLIGHTS |
US4694599A (en) | 1985-11-27 | 1987-09-22 | Minelco, Inc. | Electromagnetic flip-type visual indicator |
US4849611A (en) | 1985-12-16 | 1989-07-18 | Raychem Corporation | Self-regulating heater employing reactive components |
FR2592233B1 (en) | 1985-12-20 | 1988-02-12 | Radiotechnique Compelec | PLANE ANTENNA HYPERFREQUENCES RECEIVING SIMULTANEOUSLY TWO POLARIZATIONS. |
US4743916A (en) | 1985-12-24 | 1988-05-10 | The Boeing Company | Method and apparatus for proportional RF radiation from surface wave transmission line |
US4897663A (en) | 1985-12-25 | 1990-01-30 | Nec Corporation | Horn antenna with a choke surface-wave structure on the outer surface thereof |
US4730888A (en) | 1986-02-20 | 1988-03-15 | American Telephone And Telegraph Company, At&T Bell Laboratories | Optimized guided wave communication system |
CA1218122A (en) | 1986-02-21 | 1987-02-17 | David Siu | Quadruple mode filter |
US4731810A (en) | 1986-02-25 | 1988-03-15 | Watkins Randy W | Neighborhood home security system |
WO1987006066A1 (en) | 1986-03-25 | 1987-10-08 | The Marconi Company Limited | Wideband horn antenna |
US4845508A (en) | 1986-05-01 | 1989-07-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Electric wave device and method for efficient excitation of a dielectric rod |
US4717974A (en) | 1986-05-19 | 1988-01-05 | Eastman Kodak Company | Waveguide apparatus for coupling a high data rate signal to and from a rotary head scanner |
US4801937A (en) | 1986-06-16 | 1989-01-31 | Fernandes Roosevelt A | Line mounted apparatus for remote measurement of power system or environmental parameters beyond line-of-site distanc |
US4730172A (en) | 1986-09-30 | 1988-03-08 | The Boeing Company | Launcher for surface wave transmission lines |
CA1280487C (en) | 1986-11-06 | 1991-02-19 | Senstar-Stellar Corporation | Intrusion detection system |
US5003318A (en) | 1986-11-24 | 1991-03-26 | Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation | Dual frequency microstrip patch antenna with capacitively coupled feed pins |
US4749244A (en) | 1986-11-28 | 1988-06-07 | Ford Aerospace & Communications Corporation | Frequency independent beam waveguide |
DE3641086C1 (en) | 1986-12-02 | 1988-03-31 | Spinner Gmbh Elektrotech | Waveguide absorber or attenuator |
FR2607968B1 (en) | 1986-12-09 | 1989-02-03 | Alcatel Thomson Faisceaux | SOURCE OF ILLUMINATION FOR TELECOMMUNICATIONS ANTENNA |
GB8727846D0 (en) | 1987-11-27 | 1987-12-31 | British Telecomm | Optical communications network |
US4915468A (en) | 1987-02-20 | 1990-04-10 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Apparatus using two-mode optical waveguide with non-circular core |
EP0280379A3 (en) | 1987-02-27 | 1990-04-25 | Yoshihiko Sugio | Dielectric or magnetic medium loaded antenna |
US4866454A (en) | 1987-03-04 | 1989-09-12 | Droessler Justin G | Multi-spectral imaging system |
US4831346A (en) | 1987-03-26 | 1989-05-16 | Andrew Corporation | Segmented coaxial transmission line |
US4764738A (en) | 1987-03-26 | 1988-08-16 | D. L. Fried Associates, Inc. | Agile beam control of optical phased array |
US4745377A (en) | 1987-06-08 | 1988-05-17 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Microstrip to dielectric waveguide transition |
GB2208969B (en) | 1987-08-18 | 1992-04-01 | Arimura Inst Technology | Slot antenna |
JP2639531B2 (en) | 1987-08-20 | 1997-08-13 | ēŗē“é»ę©ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Transmission line snow accretion prevention device |
US4832148A (en) | 1987-09-08 | 1989-05-23 | Exxon Production Research Company | Method and system for measuring azimuthal anisotropy effects using acoustic multipole transducers |
US4818990A (en) | 1987-09-11 | 1989-04-04 | Fernandes Roosevelt A | Monitoring system for power lines and right-of-way using remotely piloted drone |
US4772891A (en) | 1987-11-10 | 1988-09-20 | The Boeing Company | Broadband dual polarized radiator for surface wave transmission line |
US5006846A (en) | 1987-11-12 | 1991-04-09 | Granville J Michael | Power transmission line monitoring system |
US5166698A (en) | 1988-01-11 | 1992-11-24 | Innova, Inc. | Electromagnetic antenna collimator |
US4904996A (en) | 1988-01-19 | 1990-02-27 | Fernandes Roosevelt A | Line-mounted, movable, power line monitoring system |
GB8804242D0 (en) | 1988-02-24 | 1988-07-13 | Emi Plc Thorn | Improvements relating to aerials |
NL8800538A (en) | 1988-03-03 | 1988-08-01 | Hollandse Signaalapparaten Bv | ANTENNA SYSTEM WITH VARIABLE BUNDLE WIDTH AND BUNDLE ORIENTATION. |
US4977618A (en) | 1988-04-21 | 1990-12-11 | Photonics Corporation | Infrared data communications |
US5082349A (en) | 1988-04-25 | 1992-01-21 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Bi-domain two-mode single crystal fiber devices |
US5018180A (en) | 1988-05-03 | 1991-05-21 | Jupiter Toy Company | Energy conversion using high charge density |
DE3816496A1 (en) | 1988-05-10 | 1989-11-23 | Bergmann Kabelwerke Ag | PLASTIC-INSULATED ELECTRIC LADDER |
US5440660A (en) | 1988-05-23 | 1995-08-08 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Navy | Fiber optic microcable produced with fiber reinforced ultraviolet light cured resin and method for manufacturing same |
CA1320634C (en) | 1988-05-27 | 1993-07-27 | Hiroshi Kajioka | Method of producing elliptic core type polarization-maintaining optical fiber |
US4851788A (en) | 1988-06-01 | 1989-07-25 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Mode suppressors for whispering gallery gyrotron |
GB2219439A (en) | 1988-06-06 | 1989-12-06 | Gore & Ass | Flexible housing |
US4881028A (en) | 1988-06-13 | 1989-11-14 | Bright James A | Fault detector |
US5389442A (en) | 1988-07-11 | 1995-02-14 | At&T Corp. | Water blocking strength members |
GB2222725A (en) | 1988-09-07 | 1990-03-14 | Philips Electronic Associated | Microwave antenna |
US5682256A (en) | 1988-11-11 | 1997-10-28 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Communications system |
US4952012A (en) | 1988-11-17 | 1990-08-28 | Stamnitz Timothy C | Electro-opto-mechanical cable for fiber optic transmission systems |
EP0407502B1 (en) | 1988-12-05 | 1993-08-11 | Kupferdraht-Isolierwerk AG Wildegg | Self-supporting optical cable |
US5592183A (en) | 1988-12-06 | 1997-01-07 | Henf; George | Gap raidated antenna |
US5015914A (en) | 1988-12-09 | 1991-05-14 | Varian Associates, Inc. | Couplers for extracting RF power from a gyrotron cavity directly into fundamental mode waveguide |
JP2595339B2 (en) | 1988-12-23 | 1997-04-02 | ę¾äøé»å·„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Planar antenna |
US4931808A (en) | 1989-01-10 | 1990-06-05 | Ball Corporation | Embedded surface wave antenna |
CA1302527C (en) | 1989-01-24 | 1992-06-02 | Thomas Harry Legg | Quasi-optical stripline devices |
KR900017050A (en) | 1989-04-05 | 1990-11-15 | ėėŖØ ė§ģ° ź²ź³ | Heating wire |
US4946202A (en) | 1989-04-14 | 1990-08-07 | Vincent Perricone | Offset coupling for electrical conduit |
US4932620A (en) | 1989-05-10 | 1990-06-12 | Foy Russell B | Rotating bracket |
US5086467A (en) | 1989-05-30 | 1992-02-04 | Motorola, Inc. | Dummy traffic generation |
US5065969A (en) | 1989-06-09 | 1991-11-19 | Bea-Bar Enterprises Ltd. | Apparatus for mounting an antenna for rotation on a mast |
US5134965A (en) | 1989-06-16 | 1992-08-04 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Processing apparatus and method for plasma processing |
US5043538A (en) | 1989-07-03 | 1991-08-27 | Southwire Company | Water resistant cable construction |
US5066958A (en) | 1989-08-02 | 1991-11-19 | Antenna Down Link, Inc. | Dual frequency coaxial feed assembly |
CA2024946C (en) | 1989-09-11 | 1994-12-13 | Yoshihiko Kuwahara | Phased array antenna with temperature compensating capability |
US5045820A (en) | 1989-09-27 | 1991-09-03 | Motorola, Inc. | Three-dimensional microwave circuit carrier and integral waveguide coupler |
US5019832A (en) | 1989-10-18 | 1991-05-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy | Nested-cone transformer antenna |
DE3935082C1 (en) | 1989-10-20 | 1991-01-31 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen, De | |
DE3935986A1 (en) | 1989-10-28 | 1991-05-02 | Rheydt Kabelwerk Ag | FLEXIBLE OPTICAL CABLE |
US5351272A (en) | 1992-05-18 | 1994-09-27 | Abraham Karoly C | Communications apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving multiple modulated signals over electrical lines |
US5142767A (en) | 1989-11-15 | 1992-09-01 | Bf Goodrich Company | Method of manufacturing a planar coil construction |
JPH03167906A (en) | 1989-11-28 | 1991-07-19 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Dielectric focus horn |
US5109232A (en) | 1990-02-20 | 1992-04-28 | Andrew Corporation | Dual frequency antenna feed with apertured channel |
JPH03274802A (en) | 1990-03-26 | 1991-12-05 | Toshiba Corp | Waveguide and gyrotron device using the same |
US5006859A (en) | 1990-03-28 | 1991-04-09 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Patch antenna with polarization uniformity control |
GB9008359D0 (en) | 1990-04-12 | 1990-06-13 | Mcguire Geoff | Data communication network system for harsh environments |
US5214438A (en) | 1990-05-11 | 1993-05-25 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Millimeter wave and infrared sensor in a common receiving aperture |
US5042903A (en) | 1990-07-30 | 1991-08-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | High voltage tow cable with optical fiber |
JPH0787445B2 (en) | 1990-08-01 | 1995-09-20 | äøč±é»ę©ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Antenna selection diversity receiver |
US5043629A (en) | 1990-08-16 | 1991-08-27 | General Atomics | Slotted dielectric-lined waveguide couplers and windows |
US5298911A (en) | 1990-09-18 | 1994-03-29 | Li Ming Chang | Serrated-roll edge for microwave antennas |
US5182427A (en) | 1990-09-20 | 1993-01-26 | Metcal, Inc. | Self-regulating heater utilizing ferrite-type body |
US5126750A (en) | 1990-09-21 | 1992-06-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Magnetic hybrid-mode horn antenna |
JPH04154242A (en) | 1990-10-17 | 1992-05-27 | Nec Corp | Network failure recovery system |
US5245404A (en) | 1990-10-18 | 1993-09-14 | Physical Optics Corportion | Raman sensor |
GB9023394D0 (en) | 1990-10-26 | 1990-12-05 | Gore W L & Ass Uk | Segmented flexible housing |
US5134423A (en) | 1990-11-26 | 1992-07-28 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Low sidelobe resistive reflector antenna |
DK285490D0 (en) | 1990-11-30 | 1990-11-30 | Nordiske Kabel Traad | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AMPLIFYING AN OPTICAL SIGNAL |
US5513176A (en) | 1990-12-07 | 1996-04-30 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Dual distributed antenna system |
US5132968A (en) | 1991-01-14 | 1992-07-21 | Robotic Guard Systems, Inc. | Environmental sensor data acquisition system |
US5148509A (en) | 1991-03-25 | 1992-09-15 | Corning Incorporated | Composite buffer optical fiber cables |
US5265266A (en) | 1991-04-02 | 1993-11-23 | Rockwell International Corporation | Resistive planar star double-balanced mixer |
US5214394A (en) | 1991-04-15 | 1993-05-25 | Rockwell International Corporation | High efficiency bi-directional spatial power combiner amplifier |
JP2978585B2 (en) | 1991-04-17 | 1999-11-15 | ę¬å¤éäæ”å·„ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Ferrule for optical fiber connector |
US5488380A (en) | 1991-05-24 | 1996-01-30 | The Boeing Company | Packaging architecture for phased arrays |
US5276455A (en) | 1991-05-24 | 1994-01-04 | The Boeing Company | Packaging architecture for phased arrays |
US5329285A (en) | 1991-07-18 | 1994-07-12 | The Boeing Company | Dually polarized monopulse feed using an orthogonal polarization coupler in a multimode waveguide |
JPH0653894A (en) | 1991-08-23 | 1994-02-25 | Nippon Steel Corp | Radio base station for mobile communication |
US5266961A (en) | 1991-08-29 | 1993-11-30 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Continuous transverse stub element devices and methods of making same |
US5174164A (en) | 1991-09-16 | 1992-12-29 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Flexible cable |
EP0611490B1 (en) | 1991-11-08 | 1998-10-07 | Teledesic LLC | Terrestrial antennas for satellite communication system |
CA2098580C (en) | 1991-11-11 | 1999-05-11 | Reuven Meidan | Method and apparatus for reducing interference in a radio communication link of a cellular communication system |
US5304999A (en) | 1991-11-20 | 1994-04-19 | Electromagnetic Sciences, Inc. | Polarization agility in an RF radiator module for use in a phased array |
US5198823A (en) | 1991-12-23 | 1993-03-30 | Litchstreet Co. | Passive secondary surveillance radar using signals of remote SSR and multiple antennas switched in synchronism with rotation of SSR beam |
US5235662A (en) | 1992-01-02 | 1993-08-10 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method to reduce light propagation losses in optical glasses and optical waveguide fabricated by same |
CN2116969U (en) | 1992-03-03 | 1992-09-23 | ęŗę¢°ēµåå·„äøéØē³å®¶åŗē¬¬äŗååē ē©¶ę | Improved background radiation antenna |
US6725035B2 (en) | 1992-03-06 | 2004-04-20 | Aircell Inc. | Signal translating repeater for enabling a terrestrial mobile subscriber station to be operable in a non-terrestrial environment |
US5280297A (en) | 1992-04-06 | 1994-01-18 | General Electric Co. | Active reflectarray antenna for communication satellite frequency re-use |
EP0566090A1 (en) | 1992-04-14 | 1993-10-20 | Ametek Aerospace Products, Inc. | Repairable cable assembly |
US5248876A (en) | 1992-04-21 | 1993-09-28 | International Business Machines Corporation | Tandem linear scanning confocal imaging system with focal volumes at different heights |
US5241321A (en) | 1992-05-15 | 1993-08-31 | Space Systems/Loral, Inc. | Dual frequency circularly polarized microwave antenna |
US5327149A (en) | 1992-05-18 | 1994-07-05 | Hughes Missile Systems Company | R.F. transparent RF/UV-IR detector apparatus |
FR2691602B1 (en) | 1992-05-22 | 2002-12-20 | Cgr Mev | Linear accelerator of protons with improved focus and high shunt impedance. |
US5193774A (en) | 1992-05-26 | 1993-03-16 | Rogers J W | Mounting bracket apparatus |
US5212755A (en) | 1992-06-10 | 1993-05-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Armored fiber optic cables |
US5371623A (en) | 1992-07-01 | 1994-12-06 | Motorola, Inc. | High bit rate infrared communication system for overcoming multipath |
US5299773A (en) | 1992-07-16 | 1994-04-05 | Ruston Bertrand | Mounting assembly for a pole |
DE4225595C1 (en) | 1992-08-03 | 1993-09-02 | Siemens Ag, 80333 Muenchen, De | Cable segment test method for locating resistance variations in local area network - supplying measuring pulses and evaluating reflected pulses using analogue=to=digital converter and two separate channels, with memory storing values |
US5311596A (en) | 1992-08-31 | 1994-05-10 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Continuous authentication using an in-band or out-of-band side channel |
US5345522A (en) | 1992-09-02 | 1994-09-06 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Reduced noise fiber optic towed array and method of using same |
US6768456B1 (en) | 1992-09-11 | 2004-07-27 | Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. | Electronically agile dual beam antenna system |
US5787673A (en) | 1992-09-14 | 1998-08-04 | Pirod, Inc. | Antenna support with multi-direction adjustability |
EP0593822B1 (en) | 1992-10-19 | 1996-11-20 | Nortel Networks Corporation | Base station antenna arrangement |
GB9407934D0 (en) | 1994-04-21 | 1994-06-15 | Norweb Plc | Transmission network and filter therefor |
US5339058A (en) | 1992-10-22 | 1994-08-16 | Trilogy Communications, Inc. | Radiating coaxial cable |
US5352984A (en) | 1992-11-04 | 1994-10-04 | Cable Repair Systems Corporation | Fault and splice finding system and method |
JPH06326510A (en) | 1992-11-18 | 1994-11-25 | Toshiba Corp | Beam scanning antenna and array antenna |
US5291211A (en) | 1992-11-20 | 1994-03-01 | Tropper Matthew B | A radar antenna system with variable vertical mounting diameter |
US5451969A (en) | 1993-03-22 | 1995-09-19 | Raytheon Company | Dual polarized dual band antenna |
US5576721A (en) | 1993-03-31 | 1996-11-19 | Space Systems/Loral, Inc. | Composite multi-beam and shaped beam antenna system |
US5494301A (en) | 1993-04-20 | 1996-02-27 | W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc. | Wrapped composite gasket material |
JP2800636B2 (en) | 1993-05-12 | 1998-09-21 | ę„ę¬é»ę°ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Flexible waveguide |
EP0954050A1 (en) | 1993-05-27 | 1999-11-03 | Griffith University | Antennas for use in portable communications devices |
IL105990A (en) | 1993-06-11 | 1997-04-15 | Uri Segev And Benjamin Machnes | Infra-red communication system |
FR2706681B1 (en) | 1993-06-15 | 1995-08-18 | Thomson Tubes Electroniques | Quasi-optical coupler with reduced diffraction and electronic tube using such a coupler. |
GB9315473D0 (en) | 1993-07-27 | 1993-09-08 | Chemring Ltd | Treatment apparatus |
US5402140A (en) | 1993-08-20 | 1995-03-28 | Winegard Company | Horizon-to-horizon TVRO antenna mount |
JP3095314B2 (en) | 1993-08-31 | 2000-10-03 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ę„ē«č£½ä½ę | Path switching method |
EP0651487B1 (en) | 1993-10-28 | 1997-09-03 | Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha | Snow-melting member for power transmission line |
GB9322920D0 (en) | 1993-11-06 | 1993-12-22 | Bicc Plc | Device for testing an electrical line |
US5455589A (en) | 1994-01-07 | 1995-10-03 | Millitech Corporation | Compact microwave and millimeter wave radar |
US5412654A (en) | 1994-01-10 | 1995-05-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Highly dynamic destination-sequenced destination vector routing for mobile computers |
JP2545737B2 (en) | 1994-01-10 | 1996-10-23 | éµęæēéäæ”ē·åē ē©¶ęé· | Gaussian beam type antenna device |
US5434575A (en) | 1994-01-28 | 1995-07-18 | California Microwave, Inc. | Phased array antenna system using polarization phase shifting |
US5515059A (en) | 1994-01-31 | 1996-05-07 | Northeastern University | Antenna array having two dimensional beam steering |
JP3001844U (en) | 1994-03-09 | 1994-09-06 | ćć¤ć½ć¼ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Mounting part of insoluble electrode plate |
JP3022181B2 (en) | 1994-03-18 | 2000-03-15 | ę„ē«é»ē·ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Waveguide type optical multiplexer / demultiplexer |
US5410318A (en) | 1994-03-25 | 1995-04-25 | Trw Inc. | Simplified wide-band autotrack traveling wave coupler |
JP3336733B2 (en) | 1994-04-07 | 2002-10-21 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ęē°č£½ä½ę | Communication module for transportation |
US5495546A (en) | 1994-04-13 | 1996-02-27 | Bottoms, Jr.; Jack | Fiber optic groundwire with coated fiber enclosures |
US5677909A (en) | 1994-05-11 | 1997-10-14 | Spectrix Corporation | Apparatus for exchanging data between a central station and a plurality of wireless remote stations on a time divided commnication channel |
US6011524A (en) | 1994-05-24 | 2000-01-04 | Trimble Navigation Limited | Integrated antenna system |
US6208308B1 (en) | 1994-06-02 | 2001-03-27 | Raytheon Company | Polyrod antenna with flared notch feed |
US5586054A (en) | 1994-07-08 | 1996-12-17 | Fluke Corporation | time-domain reflectometer for testing coaxial cables |
US5481268A (en) | 1994-07-20 | 1996-01-02 | Rockwell International Corporation | Doppler radar system for automotive vehicles |
DE4425867C2 (en) | 1994-07-21 | 1999-06-10 | Daimler Chrysler Aerospace | Component of a protective hose system with an end housing |
US5559359A (en) | 1994-07-29 | 1996-09-24 | Reyes; Adolfo C. | Microwave integrated circuit passive element structure and method for reducing signal propagation losses |
US5486839A (en) | 1994-07-29 | 1996-01-23 | Winegard Company | Conical corrugated microwave feed horn |
US6095820A (en) | 1995-10-27 | 2000-08-01 | Rangestar International Corporation | Radiation shielding and range extending antenna assembly |
GB9417450D0 (en) | 1994-08-25 | 1994-10-19 | Symmetricom Inc | An antenna |
US5512906A (en) | 1994-09-12 | 1996-04-30 | Speciale; Ross A. | Clustered phased array antenna |
US5621421A (en) | 1994-10-03 | 1997-04-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of Agriculture | Antenna and mounting device and system |
US5724168A (en) | 1994-10-11 | 1998-03-03 | Spectrix Corporation | Wireless diffuse infrared LAN system |
US5479176A (en) | 1994-10-21 | 1995-12-26 | Metricom, Inc. | Multiple-element driven array antenna and phasing method |
US5566196A (en) | 1994-10-27 | 1996-10-15 | Sdl, Inc. | Multiple core fiber laser and optical amplifier |
JPH08213833A (en) | 1994-11-29 | 1996-08-20 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Dielectric rod antenna |
US5630223A (en) | 1994-12-07 | 1997-05-13 | American Nucleonics Corporation | Adaptive method and apparatus for eliminating interference between radio transceivers |
GB2298547B (en) | 1994-12-14 | 1998-12-16 | Northern Telecom Ltd | Communications System |
JP3239030B2 (en) | 1994-12-14 | 2001-12-17 | ć·ć£ć¼ćę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Primary radiator for parabolic antenna |
US5499311A (en) | 1994-12-16 | 1996-03-12 | International Business Machines Corporation | Receptacle for connecting parallel fiber optic cables to a multichip module |
US5920032A (en) | 1994-12-22 | 1999-07-06 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Continuous power/signal conductor and cover for downhole use |
US6944555B2 (en) | 1994-12-30 | 2005-09-13 | Power Measurement Ltd. | Communications architecture for intelligent electronic devices |
JPH08196022A (en) | 1995-01-13 | 1996-07-30 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Snow melting electric wire |
DE19501448A1 (en) | 1995-01-19 | 1996-07-25 | Media Tech Vertriebs Gmbh | Microwave planar aerial for satellite reception |
US5729279A (en) | 1995-01-26 | 1998-03-17 | Spectravision, Inc. | Video distribution system |
JP2782053B2 (en) | 1995-03-23 | 1998-07-30 | ę¬ē°ęē å·„ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Radar module and antenna device |
GB2299494B (en) | 1995-03-30 | 1999-11-03 | Northern Telecom Ltd | Communications Repeater |
US5768689A (en) | 1995-04-03 | 1998-06-16 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson | Transceiver tester |
JPH08316918A (en) | 1995-05-15 | 1996-11-29 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | Transmission method for intra-pipe radio wave |
US5784683A (en) | 1995-05-16 | 1998-07-21 | Bell Atlantic Network Services, Inc. | Shared use video processing systems for distributing program signals from multiplexed digitized information signals |
EP0835444A4 (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1998-11-18 | Panametrics | Ultrasonic path bundle and systems |
US5769879A (en) | 1995-06-07 | 1998-06-23 | Medical Contouring Corporation | Microwave applicator and method of operation |
US6198450B1 (en) | 1995-06-20 | 2001-03-06 | Naoki Adachi | Dielectric resonator antenna for a mobile communication |
IT1276762B1 (en) | 1995-06-21 | 1997-11-03 | Pirelli Cavi S P A Ora Pirelli | POLYMER COMPOSITION FOR THE COVERING OF ELECTRIC CABLES HAVING AN IMPROVED RESISTANCE TO "WATER TREEING" AND ELECTRIC CABLE |
US5646936A (en) | 1995-06-22 | 1997-07-08 | Mci Corporation | Knowledge based path set up and spare capacity assignment for distributed network restoration |
JP4082725B2 (en) | 1995-07-01 | 2008-04-30 | ćć¼ćć«ć ććć·ć¦ ć²ć¼ć«ć·ć¤ćć ććć ćć·ć¦ć¬ć³ćÆćć« ćććć³ć° | Monostatic FMCW radar sensor |
DE69621081T2 (en) | 1995-07-17 | 2002-12-12 | Dynex Semiconductor Ltd | antenna arrays |
US5890055A (en) | 1995-07-28 | 1999-03-30 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Method and system for connecting cells and microcells in a wireless communications network |
US5640168A (en) | 1995-08-11 | 1997-06-17 | Zircon Corporation | Ultra wide-band radar antenna for concrete penetration |
US5590119A (en) | 1995-08-28 | 1996-12-31 | Mci Communications Corporation | Deterministic selection of an optimal restoration route in a telecommunications network |
US5684495A (en) | 1995-08-30 | 1997-11-04 | Andrew Corporation | Microwave transition using dielectric waveguides |
US7176589B2 (en) | 1995-09-22 | 2007-02-13 | Input/Output, Inc. | Electrical power distribution and communication system for an underwater cable |
JP3411428B2 (en) | 1995-09-26 | 2003-06-03 | ę„ę¬é»äæ”é»č©±ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Antenna device |
JP3480153B2 (en) | 1995-10-27 | 2003-12-15 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ęē°č£½ä½ę | Dielectric lens and method of manufacturing the same |
US5838866A (en) | 1995-11-03 | 1998-11-17 | Corning Incorporated | Optical fiber resistant to hydrogen-induced attenuation |
US6058307A (en) | 1995-11-30 | 2000-05-02 | Amsc Subsidiary Corporation | Priority and preemption service system for satellite related communication using central controller |
US5889449A (en) | 1995-12-07 | 1999-03-30 | Space Systems/Loral, Inc. | Electromagnetic transmission line elements having a boundary between materials of high and low dielectric constants |
US5905949A (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1999-05-18 | Corsair Communications, Inc. | Cellular telephone fraud prevention system using RF signature analysis |
US5671304A (en) | 1995-12-21 | 1997-09-23 | Universite Laval | Two-dimensional optoelectronic tune-switch |
US6023619A (en) | 1995-12-22 | 2000-02-08 | Airtouch Communications, Inc. | Method and apparatus for exchanging RF signatures between cellular telephone systems |
US6005694A (en) | 1995-12-28 | 1999-12-21 | Mci Worldcom, Inc. | Method and system for detecting optical faults within the optical domain of a fiber communication network |
JP3257383B2 (en) | 1996-01-18 | 2002-02-18 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ęē°č£½ä½ę | Dielectric lens device |
US5898830A (en) | 1996-10-17 | 1999-04-27 | Network Engineering Software | Firewall providing enhanced network security and user transparency |
US5848054A (en) | 1996-02-07 | 1998-12-08 | Lutron Electronics Co. Inc. | Repeater for transmission system for controlling and determining the status of electrical devices from remote locations |
US5867763A (en) | 1996-02-08 | 1999-02-02 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for integration of a wireless communication system with a cable T.V. system |
KR970071945A (en) | 1996-02-20 | 1997-11-07 | ź°ėģ“ ģÆėė¬“ | Plasma treatment method and apparatus |
US5898133A (en) | 1996-02-27 | 1999-04-27 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Coaxial cable for plenum applications |
CA2173679A1 (en) | 1996-04-09 | 1997-10-10 | Apisak Ittipiboon | Broadband nonhomogeneous multi-segmented dielectric resonator antenna |
US5867292A (en) | 1996-03-22 | 1999-02-02 | Wireless Communications Products, Llc | Method and apparatus for cordless infrared communication |
US5786923A (en) | 1996-03-29 | 1998-07-28 | Dominion Communications, Llc | Point-to-multipoint wide area telecommunications network via atmospheric laser transmission through a remote optical router |
US5675673A (en) | 1996-03-29 | 1997-10-07 | Crystal Technology, Inc. | Integrated optic modulator with segmented electrodes and sloped waveguides |
EP0804001B1 (en) | 1996-04-23 | 2005-03-09 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Self-healing network, method for transmission line switching thereof, and transmission equipment thereof |
US5870060A (en) | 1996-05-01 | 1999-02-09 | Trw Inc. | Feeder link antenna |
US5948044A (en) | 1996-05-20 | 1999-09-07 | Harris Corporation | Hybrid GPS/inertially aided platform stabilization system |
JP2817714B2 (en) | 1996-05-30 | 1998-10-30 | ę„ę¬é»ę°ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Lens antenna |
US5986331A (en) | 1996-05-30 | 1999-11-16 | Philips Electronics North America Corp. | Microwave monolithic integrated circuit with coplaner waveguide having silicon-on-insulator composite substrate |
US5767807A (en) | 1996-06-05 | 1998-06-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Communication system and methods utilizing a reactively controlled directive array |
US6211703B1 (en) | 1996-06-07 | 2001-04-03 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Signal transmission system |
US5784033A (en) | 1996-06-07 | 1998-07-21 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Plural frequency antenna feed |
US5637521A (en) | 1996-06-14 | 1997-06-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Method of fabricating an air-filled waveguide on a semiconductor body |
US5838472A (en) | 1996-07-03 | 1998-11-17 | Spectrix Corporation | Method and apparatus for locating a transmitter of a diffuse infrared signal within an enclosed area |
US6121931A (en) | 1996-07-04 | 2000-09-19 | Skygate International Technology Nv | Planar dual-frequency array antenna |
US6026173A (en) | 1997-07-05 | 2000-02-15 | Svenson; Robert H. | Electromagnetic imaging and therapeutic (EMIT) systems |
US5872547A (en) | 1996-07-16 | 1999-02-16 | Metawave Communications Corporation | Conical omni-directional coverage multibeam antenna with parasitic elements |
US5805983A (en) | 1996-07-18 | 1998-09-08 | Ericsson Inc. | System and method for equalizing the delay time for transmission paths in a distributed antenna network |
US5959590A (en) | 1996-08-08 | 1999-09-28 | Endgate Corporation | Low sidelobe reflector antenna system employing a corrugated subreflector |
US5793334A (en) | 1996-08-14 | 1998-08-11 | L-3 Communications Corporation | Shrouded horn feed assembly |
US5818396A (en) | 1996-08-14 | 1998-10-06 | L-3 Communications Corporation | Launcher for plural band feed system |
JP2933021B2 (en) | 1996-08-20 | 1999-08-09 | ę„ę¬é»ę°ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Communication network failure recovery method |
EP0840464A1 (en) | 1996-10-29 | 1998-05-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Base station for a mobile radio system |
DE19641036C2 (en) | 1996-10-04 | 1998-07-09 | Endress Hauser Gmbh Co | Level measuring device working with microwaves |
US7035661B1 (en) | 1996-10-11 | 2006-04-25 | Arraycomm, Llc. | Power control with signal quality estimation for smart antenna communication systems |
US6463295B1 (en) | 1996-10-11 | 2002-10-08 | Arraycomm, Inc. | Power control with signal quality estimation for smart antenna communication systems |
US6842430B1 (en) | 1996-10-16 | 2005-01-11 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Method for configuring and routing data within a wireless multihop network and a wireless network for implementing the same |
US5878047A (en) | 1996-11-15 | 1999-03-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Apparatus for provision of broadband signals over installed telephone wiring |
US5873324A (en) | 1996-11-27 | 1999-02-23 | Kaddas; John G. | Bird guard wire protector |
US5859618A (en) | 1996-12-20 | 1999-01-12 | At&T Corp | Composite rooftop antenna for terrestrial and satellite reception |
BR9714435B1 (en) | 1996-12-25 | 2010-07-27 | acoustic touch device, substrate for an acoustic sensitive device and process of detecting touch on a substrate. | |
US6222503B1 (en) | 1997-01-10 | 2001-04-24 | William Gietema | System and method of integrating and concealing antennas, antenna subsystems and communications subsystems |
US5850199A (en) | 1997-01-10 | 1998-12-15 | Bei Sensors & Systems Company, Inc. | Mobile tracking antenna made by semiconductor technique |
US5872544A (en) | 1997-02-04 | 1999-02-16 | Gec-Marconi Hazeltine Corporation Electronic Systems Division | Cellular antennas with improved front-to-back performance |
US6567573B1 (en) | 1997-02-12 | 2003-05-20 | Digilens, Inc. | Switchable optical components |
US6151145A (en) | 1997-02-13 | 2000-11-21 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Two-wavelength WDM Analog CATV transmission with low crosstalk |
GB9703748D0 (en) | 1997-02-22 | 1997-04-09 | Fortel International Limited | Microwave antennas |
DE19714386C1 (en) | 1997-03-27 | 1998-10-08 | Berliner Kraft & Licht | Method and arrangement for data transmission in low-voltage networks |
US6061035A (en) | 1997-04-02 | 2000-05-09 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Frequency-scanned end-fire phased-aray antenna |
JP3214548B2 (en) | 1997-04-09 | 2001-10-02 | ę„ę¬é»ę°ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Lens antenna |
CA2234314C (en) | 1997-04-09 | 2002-06-04 | Nec Corporation | Fault recovery system and transmission path autonomic switching system |
US6014110A (en) | 1997-04-11 | 2000-01-11 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Antenna and method for receiving or transmitting radiation through a dielectric material |
US6074503A (en) | 1997-04-22 | 2000-06-13 | Cable Design Technologies, Inc. | Making enhanced data cable with cross-twist cabled core profile |
DE19718476A1 (en) | 1997-04-30 | 1998-11-05 | Siemens Ag | Light waveguide |
US6204810B1 (en) | 1997-05-09 | 2001-03-20 | Smith Technology Development, Llc | Communications system |
US5994998A (en) | 1997-05-29 | 1999-11-30 | 3Com Corporation | Power transfer apparatus for concurrently transmitting data and power over data wires |
US6229327B1 (en) | 1997-05-30 | 2001-05-08 | Gregory G. Boll | Broadband impedance matching probe |
DE19723880A1 (en) | 1997-06-06 | 1998-12-10 | Endress Hauser Gmbh Co | Device for fastening an excitation element in a metallic waveguide of an antenna and for electrically connecting the same to a coaxial line arranged outside the waveguide |
US6101300A (en) | 1997-06-09 | 2000-08-08 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | High efficiency channel drop filter with absorption induced on/off switching and modulation |
US5948108A (en) | 1997-06-12 | 1999-09-07 | Tandem Computers, Incorporated | Method and system for providing fault tolerant access between clients and a server |
JPH116928A (en) | 1997-06-18 | 1999-01-12 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Arrayed waveguide grating type wavelength multiplexer /demultiplexer |
US6154448A (en) | 1997-06-20 | 2000-11-28 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Next hop loopback |
US5952964A (en) | 1997-06-23 | 1999-09-14 | Research & Development Laboratories, Inc. | Planar phased array antenna assembly |
WO1998059254A1 (en) | 1997-06-24 | 1998-12-30 | Intelogis, Inc. | Improved universal lan power line carrier repeater system and method |
JP3356653B2 (en) | 1997-06-26 | 2002-12-16 | ę„ę¬é»ę°ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Phased array antenna device |
US6142434A (en) | 1997-07-01 | 2000-11-07 | Trost; Michael D. | Utility pole clamp |
JP3269448B2 (en) | 1997-07-11 | 2002-03-25 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ęē°č£½ä½ę | Dielectric line |
US6063234A (en) | 1997-09-10 | 2000-05-16 | Lam Research Corporation | Temperature sensing system for use in a radio frequency environment |
ATE345513T1 (en) | 1997-09-12 | 2006-12-15 | Corning Inc | LOW ATTENUATION OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE |
US6049647A (en) | 1997-09-16 | 2000-04-11 | Siecor Operations, Llc | Composite fiber optic cable |
US5917977A (en) | 1997-09-16 | 1999-06-29 | Siecor Corporation | Composite cable |
US6009124A (en) | 1997-09-22 | 1999-12-28 | Intel Corporation | High data rate communications network employing an adaptive sectored antenna |
US6154488A (en) | 1997-09-23 | 2000-11-28 | Hunt Technologies, Inc. | Low frequency bilateral communication over distributed power lines |
SE511911C2 (en) | 1997-10-01 | 1999-12-13 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Antenna unit with a multi-layer structure |
US6111553A (en) | 1997-10-07 | 2000-08-29 | Steenbuck; Wendel F. | Adjustable antenna bracket |
US5994984A (en) | 1997-11-13 | 1999-11-30 | Carnegie Mellon University | Wireless signal distribution in a building HVAC system |
US6445774B1 (en) | 1997-11-17 | 2002-09-03 | Mci Communications Corporation | System for automated workflow in a network management and operations system |
SE512166C2 (en) | 1997-11-21 | 2000-02-07 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Microstrip arrangement |
ATE241204T1 (en) | 1997-12-22 | 2003-06-15 | Pirelli | ELECTRICAL CABLE WITH A SEMICONDUCTIVE WATER BLOCKING EXPANDED LAYER |
US5861843A (en) | 1997-12-23 | 1999-01-19 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Phase array calibration orthogonal phase sequence |
US6510152B1 (en) | 1997-12-31 | 2003-01-21 | At&T Corp. | Coaxial cable/twisted pair fed, integrated residence gateway controlled, set-top box |
US6363079B1 (en) | 1997-12-31 | 2002-03-26 | At&T Corp. | Multifunction interface facility connecting wideband multiple access subscriber loops with various networks |
US6107897A (en) | 1998-01-08 | 2000-08-22 | E*Star, Inc. | Orthogonal mode junction (OMJ) for use in antenna system |
US5959578A (en) | 1998-01-09 | 1999-09-28 | Motorola, Inc. | Antenna architecture for dynamic beam-forming and beam reconfigurability with space feed |
JP3828652B2 (en) | 1998-01-09 | 2006-10-04 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ć¢ććć³ćć¹ć | Differential signal transmission circuit |
JP3267228B2 (en) | 1998-01-22 | 2002-03-18 | ä½åé»ę°å·„ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Foam wire |
US7430257B1 (en) | 1998-02-12 | 2008-09-30 | Lot 41 Acquisition Foundation, Llc | Multicarrier sub-layer for direct sequence channel and multiple-access coding |
US6011520A (en) | 1998-02-18 | 2000-01-04 | Ems Technologies, Inc. | Geodesic slotted cylindrical antenna |
JPH11239085A (en) | 1998-02-20 | 1999-08-31 | Bosai Engineering Kk | Guided communication system and its method |
WO1999043037A2 (en) | 1998-02-23 | 1999-08-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Uniplanar dual strip antenna |
GB2335335A (en) | 1998-03-13 | 1999-09-15 | Northern Telecom Ltd | Carrying speech-band signals over power lines |
US6311288B1 (en) | 1998-03-13 | 2001-10-30 | Paradyne Corporation | System and method for virtual circuit backup in a communication network |
US6320509B1 (en) | 1998-03-16 | 2001-11-20 | Intermec Ip Corp. | Radio frequency identification transponder having a high gain antenna configuration |
US6008923A (en) | 1998-03-16 | 1999-12-28 | Netschools Corporation | Multiple beam communication network with beam selectivity |
GB2336746A (en) | 1998-03-17 | 1999-10-27 | Northern Telecom Ltd | Transmitting communications signals over a power line network |
US6195395B1 (en) | 1998-03-18 | 2001-02-27 | Intel Corporation | Multi-agent pseudo-differential signaling scheme |
US6078297A (en) | 1998-03-25 | 2000-06-20 | The Boeing Company | Compact dual circularly polarized waveguide radiating element |
JP4116143B2 (en) | 1998-04-10 | 2008-07-09 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ę±č | Ultrasonic diagnostic equipment |
JPH11297532A (en) | 1998-04-15 | 1999-10-29 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | Electronic component and its manufacture |
US6150612A (en) | 1998-04-17 | 2000-11-21 | Prestolite Wire Corporation | High performance data cable |
US6088495A (en) | 1998-04-21 | 2000-07-11 | Technion Research & Development Foundation Ltd. | Intermediate-state-assisted optical coupler |
US6175917B1 (en) | 1998-04-23 | 2001-01-16 | Vpnet Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for swapping a computer operating system |
JPH11313022A (en) | 1998-04-30 | 1999-11-09 | Hitachi Electronics Service Co Ltd | Indoor non-volatile radio wave repeater |
US6564379B1 (en) | 1998-04-30 | 2003-05-13 | United Video Properties, Inc. | Program guide system with flip and browse advertisements |
US6301420B1 (en) | 1998-05-01 | 2001-10-09 | The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britannic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland | Multicore optical fibre |
US6348683B1 (en) | 1998-05-04 | 2002-02-19 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Quasi-optical transceiver having an antenna with time varying voltage |
US5982596A (en) | 1998-05-05 | 1999-11-09 | George Authur Spencer | Load center monitor and digitally enhanced circuit breaker system for monitoring electrical power lines |
US5982276A (en) | 1998-05-07 | 1999-11-09 | Media Fusion Corp. | Magnetic field based power transmission line communication method and system |
US6241045B1 (en) | 1998-05-22 | 2001-06-05 | Steven E. Reeve | Safety structures for pole climbing applications |
GB9811850D0 (en) | 1998-06-02 | 1998-07-29 | Cambridge Ind Ltd | Antenna feeds |
NL1009443C2 (en) | 1998-06-19 | 1999-12-21 | Koninkl Kpn Nv | Telecommunication network. |
US6366714B1 (en) | 1998-06-19 | 2002-04-02 | Corning Incorporated | High reliability fiber coupled optical switch |
US6563990B1 (en) | 1998-06-22 | 2003-05-13 | Corning Cable Systems, Llc | Self-supporting cables and an apparatus and methods for making the same |
EP1099276A1 (en) | 1998-06-26 | 2001-05-16 | Racal Antennas Limited | Signal coupling methods and arrangements |
JP3650952B2 (en) | 1998-06-29 | 2005-05-25 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ęē°č£½ä½ę | Dielectric lens, dielectric lens antenna using the same, and radio apparatus using the same |
RU2129746C1 (en) | 1998-07-06 | 1999-04-27 | Š”ŠµŃŃŃŠ¾ŃŠµŃŠŗŠøŠ¹ ŠŠ¾ŃŠøŃ ŠŠ°ŃŠøŠ»ŃŠµŠ²ŠøŃ | Plane collapsible double-input antenna |
JP3617374B2 (en) | 1998-07-07 | 2005-02-02 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ęē°č£½ä½ę | Directional coupler, antenna device, and transmission / reception device |
US6166694A (en) | 1998-07-09 | 2000-12-26 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Printed twin spiral dual band antenna |
US6862622B2 (en) | 1998-07-10 | 2005-03-01 | Van Drebbel Mariner Llc | Transmission control protocol/internet protocol (TCP/IP) packet-centric wireless point to multi-point (PTMP) transmission system architecture |
JP4108877B2 (en) | 1998-07-10 | 2008-06-25 | ę¾äøé»åØē£ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | NETWORK SYSTEM, NETWORK TERMINAL, AND METHOD FOR SPECIFYING FAILURE LOCATION IN NETWORK SYSTEM |
ITMI981658A1 (en) | 1998-07-20 | 2000-01-20 | Pirelli Cavi E Sistemi Spa | ELECTRIC AND OPTICAL HYBRID CABLE FOR AERIAL INSTALLATIONS |
US6239379B1 (en) | 1998-07-29 | 2001-05-29 | Khamsin Technologies Llc | Electrically optimized hybrid ālast mileā telecommunications cable system |
US6038425A (en) | 1998-08-03 | 2000-03-14 | Jeffrey; Ross A. | Audio/video signal redistribution system |
JP3751755B2 (en) | 1998-08-06 | 2006-03-01 | åÆ士éę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | ATM network PVC rerouting method and network management system |
US6532215B1 (en) | 1998-08-07 | 2003-03-11 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Device and method for network communications and diagnostics |
US6271952B1 (en) | 1998-08-18 | 2001-08-07 | Nortel Networks Limited | Polarization mode dispersion compensation |
JP2000077889A (en) | 1998-08-27 | 2000-03-14 | Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> | Radio absorptive material |
US6792290B2 (en) | 1998-09-21 | 2004-09-14 | Ipr Licensing, Inc. | Method and apparatus for performing directional re-scan of an adaptive antenna |
US6933887B2 (en) | 1998-09-21 | 2005-08-23 | Ipr Licensing, Inc. | Method and apparatus for adapting antenna array using received predetermined signal |
US6600456B2 (en) | 1998-09-21 | 2003-07-29 | Tantivy Communications, Inc. | Adaptive antenna for use in wireless communication systems |
US6785274B2 (en) | 1998-10-07 | 2004-08-31 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Efficient network multicast switching apparatus and methods |
US7418504B2 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 2008-08-26 | Virnetx, Inc. | Agile network protocol for secure communications using secure domain names |
EP1125419B1 (en) | 1998-10-30 | 2009-08-26 | VirnetX Inc. | An agile network protocol for secure communications with assured system availability |
EP1001294A1 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-17 | Alcatel | Lightwaveguide with mantle |
US20020040439A1 (en) | 1998-11-24 | 2002-04-04 | Kellum Charles W. | Processes systems and networks for secure exchange of information and quality of service maintenance using computer hardware |
US8151295B1 (en) | 2000-08-31 | 2012-04-03 | Prime Research Alliance E., Inc. | Queue based advertisement scheduling and sales |
US7949565B1 (en) | 1998-12-03 | 2011-05-24 | Prime Research Alliance E., Inc. | Privacy-protected advertising system |
US6434140B1 (en) | 1998-12-04 | 2002-08-13 | Nortel Networks Limited | System and method for implementing XoIP over ANSI-136-A circuit/switched/packet-switched mobile communications networks |
US7106273B1 (en) | 1998-12-21 | 2006-09-12 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Antenna mounting apparatus |
GB9828768D0 (en) | 1998-12-29 | 1999-02-17 | Symmetricom Inc | An antenna |
US6452923B1 (en) | 1998-12-31 | 2002-09-17 | At&T Corp | Cable connected wan interconnectivity services for corporate telecommuters |
US6169524B1 (en) | 1999-01-15 | 2001-01-02 | Trw Inc. | Multi-pattern antenna having frequency selective or polarization sensitive zones |
CA2260380C (en) | 1999-01-26 | 2000-12-26 | James Stanley Podger | The log-periodic staggered-folded-dipole antenna |
JP3641961B2 (en) | 1999-02-01 | 2005-04-27 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ę„ē«č£½ä½ę | Wireless communication device using adaptive array antenna |
JP3734975B2 (en) | 1999-02-03 | 2006-01-11 | å¤ę²³é»ę°å·„ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Dual beam antenna device and mounting structure thereof |
AU3221600A (en) | 1999-02-04 | 2000-08-25 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Apparatus and method for implementing digital communications on a power line |
AU3486900A (en) | 1999-02-22 | 2000-09-14 | Terk Technologies Corp. | Video transmission system and method utilizing phone lines in multiple unit dwellings |
US6584084B1 (en) | 1999-03-01 | 2003-06-24 | Nortel Networks Ltd. | Expanded carrier capacity in a mobile communications system |
CA2365845C (en) | 1999-03-01 | 2009-11-24 | Trustees Of Dartmouth College | Methods and systems for removing ice from surfaces |
US6100846A (en) | 1999-03-09 | 2000-08-08 | Epsilon Lambda Electronics Corp. | Fixed patch array scanning antenna |
US6211837B1 (en) | 1999-03-10 | 2001-04-03 | Raytheon Company | Dual-window high-power conical horn antenna |
JP4072280B2 (en) | 1999-03-26 | 2008-04-09 | å彦 ęå°¾ | Dielectric loaded antenna |
US6452467B1 (en) | 1999-04-01 | 2002-09-17 | Mcewan Technologies, Llc | Material level sensor having a wire-horn launcher |
US6671824B1 (en) | 1999-04-19 | 2003-12-30 | Lakefield Technologies Group | Cable network repair control system |
US6177801B1 (en) | 1999-04-21 | 2001-01-23 | Sunrise Telecom, Inc. | Detection of bridge tap using frequency domain analysis |
JP2002543449A (en) | 1999-04-23 | 2002-12-17 | ććµćć„ć¼ć»ćć ć¤ć³ć¹ćć£ćć„ć¼ć ćŖć ććÆćććøć¼ | All-dielectric coaxial waveguide |
US6667967B1 (en) | 1999-05-14 | 2003-12-23 | Omninet Capital, Llc | High-speed network of independently linked nodes |
AU4428200A (en) | 1999-05-16 | 2000-12-05 | Onepath Networks Ltd. | Wireless telephony over cable networks |
DE19922606B4 (en) | 1999-05-17 | 2004-07-22 | Vega Grieshaber Kg | Arrangement of a waveguide and an antenna |
KR20000074034A (en) | 1999-05-17 | 2000-12-05 | źµ¬ź“ģ | Ultra-slim Repeater with Variable Attenuator |
US6370398B1 (en) | 1999-05-24 | 2002-04-09 | Telaxis Communications Corporation | Transreflector antenna for wireless communication system |
US7116912B2 (en) | 1999-05-27 | 2006-10-03 | Jds Uniphase Corporation | Method and apparatus for pluggable fiber optic modules |
US7054376B1 (en) | 1999-05-27 | 2006-05-30 | Infineon Technologies Ag | High data rate ethernet transport facility over digital subscriber lines |
US20010030789A1 (en) | 1999-05-27 | 2001-10-18 | Wenbin Jiang | Method and apparatus for fiber optic modules |
SE512879C2 (en) | 1999-05-28 | 2000-05-29 | Telia Ab | Procedure and apparatus for allocating radio resources |
US6329959B1 (en) | 1999-06-17 | 2001-12-11 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Tunable dual-band ferroelectric antenna |
US6357709B1 (en) | 1999-06-23 | 2002-03-19 | A. Philip Parduhn | Bracket assembly with split clamp member |
JP2001007641A (en) | 1999-06-24 | 2001-01-12 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Mono-pulse antenna system and antenna structure |
FR2795901B1 (en) | 1999-06-29 | 2001-09-07 | Nptv | METHOD FOR CREATING INTERACTIVE AUDIO-VISUAL BANDS |
US6211836B1 (en) | 1999-07-30 | 2001-04-03 | Waveband Corporation | Scanning antenna including a dielectric waveguide and a rotatable cylinder coupled thereto |
US6259337B1 (en) | 1999-08-19 | 2001-07-10 | Raytheon Company | High efficiency flip-chip monolithic microwave integrated circuit power amplifier |
WO2001014985A1 (en) | 1999-08-25 | 2001-03-01 | Web2P, Inc. | System and method for registering a data resource in a network |
US6687746B1 (en) | 1999-08-30 | 2004-02-03 | Ideaflood, Inc. | System apparatus and method for hosting and assigning domain names on a wide area network |
US6785564B1 (en) | 1999-08-31 | 2004-08-31 | Broadcom Corporation | Method and apparatus for latency reduction in low power two way communications equipment applications in hybrid fiber coax plants |
AU7261000A (en) | 1999-09-02 | 2001-04-10 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Feed structure for electromagnetic waveguides |
US6140976A (en) | 1999-09-07 | 2000-10-31 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for mitigating array antenna performance degradation caused by element failure |
US6987769B1 (en) | 1999-09-08 | 2006-01-17 | Qwest Communications International Inc. | System and method for dynamic distributed communication |
US6483470B1 (en) | 1999-09-08 | 2002-11-19 | Qwest Communications International, Inc. | Power supply for a light pole mounted wireless antenna |
KR100376298B1 (en) | 1999-09-13 | 2003-03-17 | ź°ė¶ģė¼ź°ģ“ģ¤ ėģė° | Radio communication system |
US6246369B1 (en) | 1999-09-14 | 2001-06-12 | Navsys Corporation | Miniature phased array antenna system |
JP3550056B2 (en) | 1999-09-16 | 2004-08-04 | ć¦ćć»ćć£ć¼ć ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Disposable diapers |
US6243049B1 (en) | 1999-09-27 | 2001-06-05 | Trw Inc. | Multi-pattern antenna having independently controllable antenna pattern characteristics |
US6657437B1 (en) | 1999-10-04 | 2003-12-02 | Vigilant Networks Llc | Method and system for performing time domain reflectometry contemporaneously with recurrent transmissions on computer network |
DE19948025A1 (en) | 1999-10-06 | 2001-04-12 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Asymmetric, multi-beam radar sensor |
WO2001028159A2 (en) | 1999-10-08 | 2001-04-19 | Vigilant Networks Llc | System and method to determine data throughput in a communication network |
US6947376B1 (en) | 1999-10-21 | 2005-09-20 | At&T Corp. | Local information-based restoration arrangement |
US7630986B1 (en) | 1999-10-27 | 2009-12-08 | Pinpoint, Incorporated | Secure data interchange |
CN1387689A (en) | 1999-10-29 | 2002-12-25 | å®ē¹čÆŗē¦ęéå ¬åø | Steerable-beam multiple-feed dielectric resonator antenna of various cross-sections |
US20050177850A1 (en) | 1999-10-29 | 2005-08-11 | United Video Properties, Inc. | Interactive television system with programming-related links |
US6373436B1 (en) | 1999-10-29 | 2002-04-16 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Dual strip antenna with periodic mesh pattern |
US20100185614A1 (en) | 1999-11-04 | 2010-07-22 | O'brien Brett | Shared Internet storage resource, user interface system, and method |
WO2001037438A1 (en) | 1999-11-15 | 2001-05-25 | Interlogix, Inc. | Highly reliable power line communications system |
US7994996B2 (en) | 1999-11-18 | 2011-08-09 | TK Holding Inc., Electronics | Multi-beam antenna |
US6606077B2 (en) | 1999-11-18 | 2003-08-12 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Multi-beam antenna |
US7042420B2 (en) | 1999-11-18 | 2006-05-09 | Automotive Systems Laboratory, Inc. | Multi-beam antenna |
US6789119B1 (en) | 1999-11-24 | 2004-09-07 | Webex Communication, Inc. | Emulating a persistent connection using http |
US6751200B1 (en) | 1999-12-06 | 2004-06-15 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Route discovery based piconet forming |
US6369766B1 (en) | 1999-12-14 | 2002-04-09 | Ems Technologies, Inc. | Omnidirectional antenna utilizing an asymmetrical bicone as a passive feed for a radiating element |
KR100338683B1 (en) | 1999-12-29 | 2002-05-30 | ģ ė°ģ“ė¹ė | Integrated IP call router |
US6252553B1 (en) | 2000-01-05 | 2001-06-26 | The Mitre Corporation | Multi-mode patch antenna system and method of forming and steering a spatial null |
US6501433B2 (en) | 2000-01-12 | 2002-12-31 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Coaxial dielectric rod antenna with multi-frequency collinear apertures |
US6266025B1 (en) | 2000-01-12 | 2001-07-24 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Coaxial dielectric rod antenna with multi-frequency collinear apertures |
US8151306B2 (en) | 2000-01-14 | 2012-04-03 | Terayon Communication Systems, Inc. | Remote control for wireless control of system including home gateway and headend, either or both of which have digital video recording functionality |
CA2397430A1 (en) | 2000-01-14 | 2001-07-19 | Breck W. Lovinggood | Repeaters for wireless communication systems |
US6445351B1 (en) | 2000-01-28 | 2002-09-03 | The Boeing Company | Combined optical sensor and communication antenna system |
US6317092B1 (en) | 2000-01-31 | 2001-11-13 | Focus Antennas, Inc. | Artificial dielectric lens antenna |
US6271799B1 (en) | 2000-02-15 | 2001-08-07 | Harris Corporation | Antenna horn and associated methods |
US6741705B1 (en) | 2000-02-23 | 2004-05-25 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for securing voice mail messages |
US6351247B1 (en) | 2000-02-24 | 2002-02-26 | The Boeing Company | Low cost polarization twist space-fed E-scan planar phased array antenna |
US6522305B2 (en) | 2000-02-25 | 2003-02-18 | Andrew Corporation | Microwave antennas |
US6642887B2 (en) | 2000-02-29 | 2003-11-04 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Cooperative mobile antenna system |
AU2005227368B2 (en) | 2000-03-01 | 2009-02-12 | Geir Monsen Vavik | Transponder, including transponder system |
US6788865B2 (en) | 2000-03-03 | 2004-09-07 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Polarization maintaining optical fiber with improved polarization maintaining property |
US6593893B2 (en) | 2000-03-06 | 2003-07-15 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Multiple-beam antenna employing dielectric filled feeds for multiple and closely spaced satellites |
JP3760079B2 (en) | 2000-03-15 | 2006-03-29 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ćć³ć½ć¼ | Wireless communication system, base station and terminal station |
US6920315B1 (en) | 2000-03-22 | 2005-07-19 | Ericsson Inc. | Multiple antenna impedance optimization |
US8572639B2 (en) | 2000-03-23 | 2013-10-29 | The Directv Group, Inc. | Broadcast advertisement adapting method and apparatus |
US6534996B1 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2003-03-18 | Globespanvirata, Inc. | System and method for phone line characterization by time domain reflectometry |
US6812895B2 (en) | 2000-04-05 | 2004-11-02 | Markland Technologies, Inc. | Reconfigurable electromagnetic plasma waveguide used as a phase shifter and a horn antenna |
US20020024424A1 (en) | 2000-04-10 | 2002-02-28 | Burns T. D. | Civil defense alert system and method using power line communication |
US6998962B2 (en) | 2000-04-14 | 2006-02-14 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communication apparatus and method of using the same |
US6965302B2 (en) | 2000-04-14 | 2005-11-15 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communication system and method of using the same |
US7103240B2 (en) | 2001-02-14 | 2006-09-05 | Current Technologies, Llc | Method and apparatus for providing inductive coupling and decoupling of high-frequency, high-bandwidth data signals directly on and off of a high voltage power line |
WO2001082497A1 (en) | 2000-04-19 | 2001-11-01 | Current Technologies, Llc | Method and apparatus for interfacing rf signals to medium voltage power lines |
AU2001261078A1 (en) | 2000-04-26 | 2001-11-07 | Venice Technologies, Inc. | Methods and systems for securing computer software |
DE10120248A1 (en) | 2000-04-26 | 2002-03-28 | Kyocera Corp | Structure for connecting a non-radiating dielectric waveguide and a metal waveguide, transmitter / receiver module for millimeter waves and transmitter / receiver for millimeter waves |
US6292143B1 (en) | 2000-05-04 | 2001-09-18 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Multi-mode broadband patch antenna |
DE10021940A1 (en) | 2000-05-05 | 2001-11-15 | Instr Systems Optische Messtec | Light transmission device with thick-core fiber for measurement of photometric and radiometric variables, uses bracing device coupled to connector for guidance of part-section of thick-core fiber |
US7380272B2 (en) | 2000-05-17 | 2008-05-27 | Deep Nines Incorporated | System and method for detecting and eliminating IP spoofing in a data transmission network |
JP4419274B2 (en) | 2000-05-22 | 2010-02-24 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ćć³ć½ć¼ | Wireless communication system |
US6686832B2 (en) | 2000-05-23 | 2004-02-03 | Satius, Inc. | High frequency network multiplexed communications over various lines |
US6922135B2 (en) | 2000-05-23 | 2005-07-26 | Satius, Inc. | High frequency network multiplexed communications over various lines using multiple modulated carrier frequencies |
EP1158597A1 (en) | 2000-05-23 | 2001-11-28 | Newtec cy. | Ka/Ku dual band feedhorn and orthomode transducer (OMT) |
US20040163135A1 (en) | 2000-05-25 | 2004-08-19 | Giaccherini Thomas Nello | Method for securely distributing & updating software |
JP3835128B2 (en) | 2000-06-09 | 2006-10-18 | ę¾äøé»åØē£ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Antenna device |
JP3570500B2 (en) | 2000-06-14 | 2004-09-29 | ę„ę¬é»ę°ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Antenna device, automatic toll collection system and method using the same |
US6771739B1 (en) | 2000-06-16 | 2004-08-03 | Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation | Pressure alarms and reports system module for proactive maintenance application |
US7050547B1 (en) | 2000-06-16 | 2006-05-23 | Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation | Digital loop carrier module for proactive maintenance application |
US6351248B1 (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2002-02-26 | Bellsouth Intellectual Property Management Corp. | Directional antenna |
KR100342500B1 (en) | 2000-07-06 | 2002-06-28 | ģ¤ģ¢ ģ© | Method for providing high speed data service and voice service |
JP3641663B2 (en) | 2000-07-19 | 2005-04-27 | å°å³¶ćć¬ć¹å·„ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Communication system for in-vehicle equipment |
US6731649B1 (en) | 2000-07-26 | 2004-05-04 | Rad Data Communication Ltd. | TDM over IP (IP circuit emulation service) |
US6981039B2 (en) | 2000-08-01 | 2005-12-27 | Qwest Communications International, Inc. | Fault management in a VDSL network |
US20040015725A1 (en) | 2000-08-07 | 2004-01-22 | Dan Boneh | Client-side inspection and processing of secure content |
US7248148B2 (en) | 2000-08-09 | 2007-07-24 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line coupling device and method of using the same |
US6907023B2 (en) | 2000-08-14 | 2005-06-14 | Vesuvius, Inc. | Communique system with dynamic bandwidth allocation in cellular communication networks |
DE60037247T2 (en) | 2000-08-28 | 2008-11-27 | Norsat International Inc., Burnaby | Waveguide filter with frequency-selective surface |
JP2004525533A (en) | 2000-08-30 | 2004-08-19 | ćć£ć¢ćŖć¹ļ¼ ć¤ć³ć³ć¼ćć¬ć¤ććć | Home network system and method |
JP4588282B2 (en) | 2000-08-31 | 2010-11-24 | åÆ士éę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Optical communication system startup method, channel increase / decrease method, and computer-readable recording medium |
US7310335B1 (en) | 2000-09-06 | 2007-12-18 | Nokia Networks | Multicast routing in ad-hoc networks |
WO2002025438A1 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2002-03-28 | Patchlink.Com Corporation | Non-invasive automatic offsite patch fingerprinting and updating system and method |
US7039048B1 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2006-05-02 | Terayon Communication Systems, Inc. | Headend cherrypicker multiplexer with switched front end |
US6515635B2 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2003-02-04 | Tantivy Communications, Inc. | Adaptive antenna for use in wireless communication systems |
AU762267B2 (en) | 2000-10-04 | 2003-06-19 | E-Tenna Corporation | Multi-resonant, high-impedance surfaces containing loaded-loop frequency selective surfaces |
US6323819B1 (en) | 2000-10-05 | 2001-11-27 | Harris Corporation | Dual band multimode coaxial tracking feed |
GB2367904B (en) | 2000-10-09 | 2004-08-04 | Marconi Caswell Ltd | Guided wave spatial filter |
US6573803B1 (en) | 2000-10-12 | 2003-06-03 | Tyco Electronics Corp. | Surface-mounted millimeter wave signal source with ridged microstrip to waveguide transition |
JP3664094B2 (en) | 2000-10-18 | 2005-06-22 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ęē°č£½ä½ę | Composite dielectric molded product, manufacturing method thereof, and lens antenna using the same |
IES20000857A2 (en) | 2000-10-25 | 2001-12-12 | Eircell 2000 Plc | Cellular base station antenna unit |
US7054286B2 (en) | 2000-10-27 | 2006-05-30 | L-3 Communications Corporation | Bandwidth allocation and data multiplexing scheme for direct sequence CDMA systems |
KR100657120B1 (en) | 2000-11-04 | 2006-12-12 | ģ£¼ģķģ¬ ģ¼ģ“ķ° | A Method for Routing for Balancing Load in Packet-Switched network |
SE517649C2 (en) | 2000-11-06 | 2002-07-02 | Ericsson Telefon Ab L M | Group antenna with narrow main lobes in the horizontal plane |
US7162273B1 (en) | 2000-11-10 | 2007-01-09 | Airgain, Inc. | Dynamically optimized smart antenna system |
US6433736B1 (en) | 2000-11-22 | 2002-08-13 | L-3 Communications Corp. | Method and apparatus for an improved antenna tracking system mounted on an unstable platform |
GB0029226D0 (en) | 2000-11-30 | 2001-01-17 | Ebbon Dacs Ltd | Improvements relating to information systems |
US7056063B2 (en) | 2000-12-04 | 2006-06-06 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Apparatus for indication of at least one subsurface barrier characteristic |
DE60103484T2 (en) | 2000-12-07 | 2005-06-02 | Asahi Glass Co., Ltd. | A method of making an antenna with reduced effect of multipath reflections |
US7055148B2 (en) | 2000-12-07 | 2006-05-30 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | System and method for updating firmware |
US6587077B2 (en) | 2000-12-12 | 2003-07-01 | Harris Corporation | Phased array antenna providing enhanced element controller data communication and related methods |
US6755312B2 (en) | 2000-12-13 | 2004-06-29 | Alum-Form, Inc. | Band type cluster mount |
US6584252B1 (en) | 2000-12-14 | 2003-06-24 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method and system for providing fiber optic cable to end users |
EP1346431A1 (en) | 2000-12-21 | 2003-09-24 | Paratek Microwave, Inc. | Waveguide to microstrip transition |
US6489931B2 (en) | 2000-12-21 | 2002-12-03 | Emc Test Systems, Lp | Diagonal dual-polarized broadband horn antenna |
US6362789B1 (en) | 2000-12-22 | 2002-03-26 | Rangestar Wireless, Inc. | Dual band wideband adjustable antenna assembly |
US7705747B2 (en) | 2005-08-18 | 2010-04-27 | Terahop Networks, Inc. | Sensor networks for monitoring pipelines and power lines |
US6839846B2 (en) | 2001-01-03 | 2005-01-04 | Intel Corporation | Embedding digital signatures into digital payloads |
US7685224B2 (en) | 2001-01-11 | 2010-03-23 | Truelocal Inc. | Method for providing an attribute bounded network of computers |
JP3625197B2 (en) | 2001-01-18 | 2005-03-02 | ę±äŗ¬ćØć¬ćÆććć³ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Plasma apparatus and plasma generation method |
US7036023B2 (en) | 2001-01-19 | 2006-04-25 | Microsoft Corporation | Systems and methods for detecting tampering of a computer system by calculating a boot signature |
GB0101567D0 (en) | 2001-01-22 | 2001-03-07 | Antenova Ltd | Dielectric resonator antenna with mutually orrthogonal feeds |
US20040213189A1 (en) | 2001-01-25 | 2004-10-28 | Matthew David Alspaugh | Environmentally-hardened ATM network |
US20040213147A1 (en) | 2001-01-25 | 2004-10-28 | John Edward Wiese | Environmentally hardened remote DSLAM |
US20020101852A1 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2002-08-01 | Sabit Say | POTS/xDSL services line sharing for multiple subscribers |
WO2002061467A2 (en) | 2001-01-31 | 2002-08-08 | Omniguide Communications | Electromagnetic mode conversion in photonic crystal multimode waveguides |
US6920289B2 (en) | 2001-02-01 | 2005-07-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for remote optical digital networking of computing devices |
US7061891B1 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2006-06-13 | Science Applications International Corporation | Method and system for a remote downlink transmitter for increasing the capacity and downlink capability of a multiple access interference limited spread-spectrum wireless network |
US7490275B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2009-02-10 | Rambus Inc. | Method and apparatus for evaluating and optimizing a signaling system |
US7196265B2 (en) | 2001-02-02 | 2007-03-27 | Spencer Ronald K | Raptor guard system |
US7444404B2 (en) | 2001-02-05 | 2008-10-28 | Arbor Networks, Inc. | Network traffic regulation including consistency based detection and filtering of packets with spoof source addresses |
US20030140345A1 (en) | 2001-02-09 | 2003-07-24 | Fisk Julian B. | System for and method of distributing television, video and other signals |
US6607308B2 (en) | 2001-02-12 | 2003-08-19 | E20 Communications, Inc. | Fiber-optic modules with shielded housing/covers having mixed finger types |
US6659655B2 (en) | 2001-02-12 | 2003-12-09 | E20 Communications, Inc. | Fiber-optic modules with housing/shielding |
EP1235296A1 (en) | 2001-02-14 | 2002-08-28 | Era Patents Limited | Phase shifter tunable via apertures in the ground plane of the waveguide |
EP1371219A4 (en) | 2001-02-14 | 2006-06-21 | Current Tech Llc | Data communication over a power line |
US6366238B1 (en) | 2001-02-20 | 2002-04-02 | The Boeing Company | Phased array beamformer module driving two elements |
ITMI20010414A1 (en) | 2001-03-01 | 2002-09-01 | Cit Alcatel | HYBRID TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM IN AIR PROTECTED AGAINST OUT OF SERVICE |
US6934655B2 (en) | 2001-03-16 | 2005-08-23 | Mindspeed Technologies, Inc. | Method and apparatus for transmission line analysis |
US7289449B1 (en) | 2001-03-20 | 2007-10-30 | 3Com Corporation | Device and method for managing fault detection and fault isolation in voice and data networks |
US7161934B2 (en) | 2001-03-21 | 2007-01-09 | Intelsat | Satellite based content distribution system using IP multicast technology |
US7346244B2 (en) | 2001-03-23 | 2008-03-18 | Draka Comteq B.V. | Coated central strength member for fiber optic cables with reduced shrinkage |
US6692161B2 (en) | 2001-03-29 | 2004-02-17 | Intel Corporation | High frequency emitter and detector packaging scheme for 10GB/S transceiver |
MXPA03008859A (en) | 2001-03-29 | 2004-10-15 | Ambient Corp | Coupling circuit for power line communications. |
US7660328B1 (en) | 2001-04-03 | 2010-02-09 | Bigband Networks Inc. | Method and system for generating, transmitting and utilizing bit rate conversion information |
US6690251B2 (en) | 2001-04-11 | 2004-02-10 | Kyocera Wireless Corporation | Tunable ferro-electric filter |
WO2002083583A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-10-24 | Omniguide Communications | High index-contrast fiber waveguides and applications |
US7068998B2 (en) | 2001-04-13 | 2006-06-27 | Northrop Grumman Corp. | Methodology for the detection of intrusion into radio frequency (RF) based networks including tactical data links and the tactical internet |
US6421021B1 (en) | 2001-04-17 | 2002-07-16 | Raytheon Company | Active array lens antenna using CTS space feed for reduced antenna depth |
US6864852B2 (en) | 2001-04-30 | 2005-03-08 | Ipr Licensing, Inc. | High gain antenna for wireless applications |
US6606057B2 (en) | 2001-04-30 | 2003-08-12 | Tantivy Communications, Inc. | High gain planar scanned antenna array |
US7680516B2 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2010-03-16 | Trex Enterprises Corp. | Mobile millimeter wave communication link |
US7769347B2 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2010-08-03 | Trex Enterprises Corp. | Wireless communication system |
US8090379B2 (en) | 2001-05-02 | 2012-01-03 | Trex Enterprises Corp | Cellular systems with distributed antennas |
US6456251B1 (en) | 2001-05-17 | 2002-09-24 | The Boeing Company | Reconfigurable antenna system |
US7173935B2 (en) | 2002-06-07 | 2007-02-06 | Current Grid, Llc | Last leg utility grid high-speed data communication network having virtual local area network functionality |
US7194528B1 (en) | 2001-05-18 | 2007-03-20 | Current Grid, Llc | Method and apparatus for processing inbound data within a powerline based communication system |
KR100746457B1 (en) | 2001-05-19 | 2007-08-03 | ģ”ģģ | Interface controller for magnetic field based power transmission line communication |
US6765479B2 (en) | 2001-05-22 | 2004-07-20 | Stewart William L | Magnetic field based power transmission line communication method and system |
WO2002096151A1 (en) | 2001-05-22 | 2002-11-28 | Flarion Technologies, Inc. | Authentication system for mobile entities |
US6400336B1 (en) | 2001-05-23 | 2002-06-04 | Sierra Wireless, Inc. | Tunable dual band antenna system |
US8249187B2 (en) | 2002-05-09 | 2012-08-21 | Google Inc. | System, method and apparatus for mobile transmit diversity using symmetric phase difference |
US7266832B2 (en) | 2001-06-14 | 2007-09-04 | Digeo, Inc. | Advertisement swapping using an aggregator for an interactive television system |
JP3472567B2 (en) | 2001-06-26 | 2003-12-02 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ę„ē«å½éé»ę° | Primary radiator for satellite dish and converter for satellite broadcasting reception |
EP1271996A2 (en) | 2001-06-28 | 2003-01-02 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd | Optical transmission apparatus |
MXPA03010849A (en) | 2001-06-30 | 2004-11-22 | Nokia Inc | Apparatus and method for delivery of packets in multi-hop wireless networks. |
US7349691B2 (en) | 2001-07-03 | 2008-03-25 | Microsoft Corporation | System and apparatus for performing broadcast and localcast communications |
US20030010528A1 (en) | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-16 | Niles Martin S. | Bird resistant power line insulation |
GB0117177D0 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2001-09-05 | Hughes Philip T | System and method for mass broadband communications |
US6545647B1 (en) | 2001-07-13 | 2003-04-08 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Antenna system for communicating simultaneously with a satellite and a terrestrial system |
JP3654854B2 (en) | 2001-07-16 | 2005-06-02 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ć·ćć | Bicycle disc brake device and method of manufacturing the disc rotor |
WO2003009083A2 (en) | 2001-07-17 | 2003-01-30 | Main.Net Communications Ltd. | Dual purpose power line modem |
ES2250322T3 (en) | 2001-07-20 | 2006-04-16 | Eutelsat Sa | HIGH PERFORMANCE AND LOW COST ANTENNA FOR EMPLOYMENT IN SATELLITE TRANSMISSION / RECEPTION TERMINALS. |
KR100416997B1 (en) | 2001-07-23 | 2004-02-05 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Y-branch optical waveguide and multi-stage optical power splitter using that |
US6842157B2 (en) | 2001-07-23 | 2005-01-11 | Harris Corporation | Antenna arrays formed of spiral sub-array lattices |
CA2470801C (en) | 2001-07-26 | 2014-01-28 | Medrad, Inc. | Detection of fluids in tissue |
AU2002327367A1 (en) | 2001-07-26 | 2003-02-17 | Chad Edward Bouton | Electromagnetic sensors for biological tissue applications |
US7311605B2 (en) | 2002-06-12 | 2007-12-25 | Igt | Player tracking assembly for complete patron tracking for both gaming and non-gaming casino activity |
US7134012B2 (en) | 2001-08-15 | 2006-11-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Methods, systems and computer program products for detecting a spoofed source address in IP datagrams |
WO2003036932A1 (en) | 2001-08-17 | 2003-05-01 | Enikia Llc | Coupling between power line and customer in power line communication system |
US7136397B2 (en) | 2001-08-20 | 2006-11-14 | Slt Logic Llc | Network architecture and system for delivering bi-directional xDSL based services |
IL145103A (en) | 2001-08-23 | 2010-05-17 | Rit Techn Ltd | High data rate interconnecting device |
WO2003019721A1 (en) | 2001-08-23 | 2003-03-06 | Paratek Microwave, Inc. | Farfield calibration method used for phased array antennas containing tunable phase shifters |
US6697027B2 (en) | 2001-08-23 | 2004-02-24 | John P. Mahon | High gain, low side lobe dual reflector microwave antenna |
WO2003019722A1 (en) | 2001-08-23 | 2003-03-06 | Paratek Microwave, Inc. | Nearfield calibration method for phased array containing tunable phase shifters |
US6639152B2 (en) | 2001-08-25 | 2003-10-28 | Cable Components Group, Llc | High performance support-separator for communications cable |
CA2458654A1 (en) | 2001-08-30 | 2003-03-13 | William L. Stewart | Power management method and system |
EP1422846A4 (en) | 2001-08-30 | 2005-03-16 | Anritsu Corp | Portable radio terminal testing instrument using a single self-complementary antenna |
US6631229B1 (en) | 2001-09-06 | 2003-10-07 | Fitel Usa Corp | Water blocking optical fiber cable |
US6549106B2 (en) | 2001-09-06 | 2003-04-15 | Cascade Microtech, Inc. | Waveguide with adjustable backshort |
AU2002337493A1 (en) | 2001-09-17 | 2003-04-01 | Roqiya Networks Inc. | A method and system for free-space communication |
US6639566B2 (en) | 2001-09-20 | 2003-10-28 | Andrew Corporation | Dual-polarized shaped-reflector antenna |
EP1296146A1 (en) | 2001-09-21 | 2003-03-26 | Alcatel | RF signal detector circuit with reduced sensitivity to transmission line impedance mismatches |
WO2003037014A1 (en) | 2001-09-25 | 2003-05-01 | Nokia Corporation | Adapting security parameters of services provided for a user terminal in a communication network and correspondingly secured data communication |
US7124183B2 (en) | 2001-09-26 | 2006-10-17 | Bell Security Solutions Inc. | Method and apparatus for secure distributed managed network information services with redundancy |
US7715437B2 (en) | 2001-09-27 | 2010-05-11 | Broadcom Corporation | Highly integrated media access control |
WO2003030409A1 (en) | 2001-09-28 | 2003-04-10 | Protodel International Limited | Monitor for an optical fibre and multi-guide optical fibre circuits and methods of making them |
US6886065B2 (en) | 2001-09-29 | 2005-04-26 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Improving signal integrity in differential signal systems |
WO2003044967A2 (en) | 2001-10-27 | 2003-05-30 | Enikia Llc | Power line communication system with autonomous network segments |
US6606066B1 (en) | 2001-10-29 | 2003-08-12 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Tri-mode seeker |
TW507396B (en) | 2001-11-01 | 2002-10-21 | Univ Nat Chiao Tung | Planar mode converter for printed microwave integrated circuit |
US7057573B2 (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2006-06-06 | Advanced Telecommuications Research Institute International | Method for controlling array antenna equipped with a plurality of antenna elements, method for calculating signal to noise ratio of received signal, and method for adaptively controlling radio receiver |
US6774859B2 (en) | 2001-11-13 | 2004-08-10 | Time Domain Corporation | Ultra wideband antenna having frequency selectivity |
WO2003044981A1 (en) | 2001-11-21 | 2003-05-30 | Schneider Electric Powerline Communications Ab | Method and system for high-speed communication over power line |
SE527599C2 (en) | 2001-11-21 | 2006-04-18 | Schneider Electric Powerline C | Method and system for high-speed communication over a power line |
DE10158822B4 (en) | 2001-11-30 | 2006-06-08 | Siemens Ag | A method for providing features for alternative connections of primary connections |
US7259640B2 (en) | 2001-12-03 | 2007-08-21 | Microfabrica | Miniature RF and microwave components and methods for fabricating such components |
US6850128B2 (en) | 2001-12-11 | 2005-02-01 | Raytheon Company | Electromagnetic coupling |
US7171493B2 (en) | 2001-12-19 | 2007-01-30 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory | Camouflage of network traffic to resist attack |
EP1322047A1 (en) | 2001-12-20 | 2003-06-25 | Agilent Technologies, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) | Coupling circuit arrangement for data communication over power lines |
US7126711B2 (en) | 2001-12-31 | 2006-10-24 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Voice/facsimile/modem call discrimination method for voice over packet networks |
US6917974B1 (en) | 2002-01-03 | 2005-07-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Method and apparatus for preventing network traffic analysis |
KR20040101204A (en) | 2002-01-09 | 2004-12-02 | ģģ“ė„“ ėŖ¬ģ¼ ė°ė¹ķ¬ | Analogue regenerative transponders, including regenerative transponder systems |
US6901064B2 (en) | 2002-01-10 | 2005-05-31 | Harris Corporation | Method and device for establishing communication links and detecting interference between mobile nodes in a communication system |
TWI255071B (en) | 2002-01-16 | 2006-05-11 | Accton Technology Corp | Dual-band monopole antenna |
US7591020B2 (en) | 2002-01-18 | 2009-09-15 | Palm, Inc. | Location based security modification system and method |
WO2003063380A2 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2003-07-31 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Method of and system for power line carrier communications |
US7684383B1 (en) | 2002-01-30 | 2010-03-23 | 3Com Corporation | Method and system for dynamic call type detection for circuit and packet switched networks |
US6727470B2 (en) | 2002-02-07 | 2004-04-27 | Fastrax Industries, Inc. | Impedance heating for railroad track switch |
US7180467B2 (en) | 2002-02-12 | 2007-02-20 | Kyocera Wireless Corp. | System and method for dual-band antenna matching |
US7339897B2 (en) | 2002-02-22 | 2008-03-04 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Cross-layer integrated collision free path routing |
DE50203495D1 (en) | 2002-02-25 | 2005-08-04 | Ewo Gmbh Sarnthein | Antenna module and light pole with such an antenna module |
US7747356B2 (en) | 2002-02-25 | 2010-06-29 | General Electric Company | Integrated protection, monitoring, and control system |
US7814511B2 (en) | 2002-02-27 | 2010-10-12 | Index Systems, Inc. | Systems and methods for digitizing video related to products |
EP2375689A3 (en) | 2002-03-01 | 2012-01-11 | Enterasys Networks, Inc. | Location discovery in a data network |
US20030164794A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2003-09-04 | Time Domain Corporation | Over the horizon communications network and method |
JP3938315B2 (en) | 2002-03-04 | 2007-06-27 | äøč±é»ę©ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Optical path normality confirmation method in optical network |
US7426554B2 (en) | 2002-03-06 | 2008-09-16 | Sun Microsystems, Inc. | System and method for determining availability of an arbitrary network configuration |
AU2003226890A1 (en) | 2002-03-15 | 2003-09-29 | Crystal Fibre A/S | Improved nonlinear optical fibre method of its production and use thereof |
SE0200792D0 (en) | 2002-03-18 | 2002-03-18 | Saab Marine Electronics | Horn Antenna |
US6986036B2 (en) | 2002-03-20 | 2006-01-10 | Microsoft Corporation | System and method for protecting privacy and anonymity of parties of network communications |
AU2003208555A1 (en) | 2002-03-26 | 2003-10-08 | Paul Burns | Alarm arrangement |
JP2003289521A (en) | 2002-03-27 | 2003-10-10 | Toshiba Corp | Method of inserting advertisement, distributing system, transmitter, receiver, and program |
KR100419418B1 (en) | 2002-04-03 | 2004-02-21 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Dispersion-controlled fiber |
AU2003226931A1 (en) | 2002-04-10 | 2003-10-27 | Maxon Telecom A/S | Dual band antenna |
US7069163B2 (en) | 2002-04-23 | 2006-06-27 | Utah State University | Digital spread spectrum methods and apparatus for testing aircraft wiring |
EP1500255A4 (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2005-05-11 | Ambient Corp | High current inductive coupler and current transformer for power lines |
JP3857178B2 (en) | 2002-04-30 | 2006-12-13 | ć·ć£ć¼ćę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Primary radiator for parabolic antenna |
US20040010806A1 (en) | 2002-05-01 | 2004-01-15 | Yuen Henry C. | Method and system for facilitating advertising and T-commerce transactions in connection with content stored on a storage medium |
US20050212626A1 (en) | 2002-05-07 | 2005-09-29 | Toshiyuki Takamatsu | High frequency reaction processing system |
US6750827B2 (en) | 2002-05-08 | 2004-06-15 | Waveband Corporation | Dielectric waveguide antenna with improved input wave coupler |
US20030210197A1 (en) | 2002-05-08 | 2003-11-13 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Multiple mode broadband ridged horn antenna |
US7266154B2 (en) | 2002-05-10 | 2007-09-04 | The Southwestern Bell Telephone Co. | Digital subscriber line induction neutralizing transformer network |
US20040054425A1 (en) | 2002-05-13 | 2004-03-18 | Glenn Elmore | Method and apparatus for information conveyance and distribution |
US6745009B2 (en) | 2002-05-15 | 2004-06-01 | Nokia Corporation | Apparatus, and associated method, for facilitating antenna weight selection utilizing deterministic perturbation gradient approximation |
US7276990B2 (en) | 2002-05-15 | 2007-10-02 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Single-pole multi-throw switch having low parasitic reactance, and an antenna incorporating the same |
US20050177463A1 (en) | 2004-02-10 | 2005-08-11 | Crutchfield William G.Jr. | Virtual showroom for interactive electronic shopping |
JP2005526437A (en) | 2002-05-16 | 2005-09-02 | ć¤ć¼ćØć ćØć¹ ććÆćććøć¼ćŗ ć¤ć³ć³ć¼ćć¬ć¤ććć | Scanning directional antenna with lens and reflector assembly |
US7383577B2 (en) | 2002-05-20 | 2008-06-03 | Airdefense, Inc. | Method and system for encrypted network management and intrusion detection |
US6746618B2 (en) | 2002-05-21 | 2004-06-08 | Corning Incorporated | Electro-optic ceramic material and device |
US6771932B2 (en) | 2002-05-24 | 2004-08-03 | Omnilux, Inc. | Method and system for automatically determining lines of sight between nodes |
US7260424B2 (en) | 2002-05-24 | 2007-08-21 | Schmidt Dominik J | Dynamically configured antenna for multiple frequencies and bandwidths |
EP1508210A4 (en) | 2002-05-28 | 2010-01-13 | Amperion Inc | Communications system for providing broadband communications using a medium voltage cable of a power system |
US7509675B2 (en) | 2002-05-29 | 2009-03-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Non-invasive monitoring of the effectiveness of electronic security services |
US6703981B2 (en) | 2002-06-05 | 2004-03-09 | Motorola, Inc. | Antenna(s) and electrochromic surface(s) apparatus and method |
IES20020484A2 (en) | 2002-06-14 | 2003-12-31 | Pfleiderer Infrastrukturt Gmbh | A telecommunications antennae support structure |
US6982611B2 (en) | 2002-06-24 | 2006-01-03 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line coupling device and method of using the same |
EP1437795A4 (en) | 2002-06-27 | 2008-12-10 | Panasonic Corp | Antenna device |
US7164667B2 (en) | 2002-06-28 | 2007-01-16 | Belair Networks Inc. | Integrated wireless distribution and mesh backhaul networks |
US7965842B2 (en) | 2002-06-28 | 2011-06-21 | Wavelink Corporation | System and method for detecting unauthorized wireless access points |
AU2002950037A0 (en) | 2002-07-08 | 2002-09-12 | Bhp Steel Limited | Utility pole cross-arm and associated pole-top hardware |
US6720935B2 (en) | 2002-07-12 | 2004-04-13 | The Mitre Corporation | Single and dual-band patch/helix antenna arrays |
JP2004056204A (en) | 2002-07-16 | 2004-02-19 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | Patch antenna |
GB0217227D0 (en) | 2002-07-25 | 2002-09-04 | Qinetiq Ltd | Optical waveguide device |
US6768471B2 (en) | 2002-07-25 | 2004-07-27 | The Boeing Company | Comformal phased array antenna and method for repair |
US7283541B2 (en) | 2002-07-30 | 2007-10-16 | At&T Corp. | Method of sizing packets for routing over a communication network for VoIP calls on a per call basis |
US7049939B2 (en) | 2002-07-31 | 2006-05-23 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd | Power line carrier system |
WO2004013899A2 (en) | 2002-08-02 | 2004-02-12 | Arizona Board Of Regents | Semiconductor quantum cryptographic device and method |
US7068999B2 (en) | 2002-08-02 | 2006-06-27 | Symbol Technologies, Inc. | System and method for detection of a rogue wireless access point in a wireless communication network |
AU2003265569A1 (en) | 2002-08-20 | 2004-03-11 | Aerosat Corporation | Communication system with broadband antenna |
DE10238824A1 (en) | 2002-08-23 | 2004-03-11 | Forschungszentrum JĆ¼lich GmbH | Method and device for the rapid tomographic measurement of the electrical conductivity distribution in a sample |
US6882460B2 (en) | 2002-08-23 | 2005-04-19 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Phase angle controlled stationary elements for long wavelength electromagnetic radiation |
US20040048596A1 (en) | 2002-09-10 | 2004-03-11 | Nortel Networks Limited | Method and apparatus for extending high bandwidth communication services to the edge of the network |
EP1401048A1 (en) | 2002-09-18 | 2004-03-24 | Ulrich CarthƤuser | Antenna installation for a mobile communications base station |
US6983174B2 (en) | 2002-09-18 | 2006-01-03 | Andrew Corporation | Distributed active transmit and/or receive antenna |
AU2003279071A1 (en) | 2002-09-23 | 2004-04-08 | Wimetrics Corporation | System and method for wireless local area network monitoring and intrusion detection |
US6864851B2 (en) | 2002-09-26 | 2005-03-08 | Raytheon Company | Low profile wideband antenna array |
US6906681B2 (en) | 2002-09-27 | 2005-06-14 | Andrew Corporation | Multicarrier distributed active antenna |
US7307357B2 (en) | 2002-09-30 | 2007-12-11 | Amperion, Inc. | Method and system to increase the throughput of a communications system that uses an electrical power distribution system as a communications pathway |
US7742788B2 (en) | 2002-10-01 | 2010-06-22 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for using switched multibeam antennas in a multiple access communication system |
US20140254896A1 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2014-09-11 | Tiger T G Zhou | Unmanned drone, robot system for delivering mail, goods, humanoid security, crisis negotiation, mobile payments, smart humanoid mailbox and wearable personal exoskeleton heavy load flying machine |
GB2393370B (en) | 2002-10-02 | 2004-10-20 | Artimi Ltd | Communication methods & apparatus |
EP1550175B1 (en) | 2002-10-02 | 2006-12-13 | Artimi Ltd | Communication methods and apparatus |
US6686875B1 (en) | 2002-10-04 | 2004-02-03 | Phase Iv Systems, Inc. | Bi-directional amplifier module for insertion between microwave transmission channels |
NO318809B1 (en) | 2002-10-07 | 2005-05-09 | Protura As | Device for monitoring an electric air line |
US6995666B1 (en) | 2002-10-16 | 2006-02-07 | Luttrell Clyde K | Cellemetry-operated railroad switch heater |
JP2004153367A (en) | 2002-10-29 | 2004-05-27 | Tdk Corp | High frequency module, and mode converting structure and method |
RU2222858C1 (en) | 2002-10-31 | 2004-01-27 | ŠŠµŃ Š°Š½Š¾ŃŠøŠ½ ŠŠ¾ŃŠøŃ ŠŠ¾ŃŠøŃŠ¾Š²ŠøŃ | Device for remote monitoring of overhead power transmission line conductors for condition (alternatives) |
EP1418514A1 (en) | 2002-11-05 | 2004-05-12 | THOMSON Licensing S.A. | Selecting advertisement on a set top box in a television network |
US7136772B2 (en) | 2002-11-08 | 2006-11-14 | Avago Technologies Fiber Ip (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Monitoring system for a communications network |
US7408923B1 (en) | 2002-11-09 | 2008-08-05 | Mehtab Khan | IP telephony transport |
US7200658B2 (en) | 2002-11-12 | 2007-04-03 | Movielink, Llc | Network geo-location system |
US7250772B2 (en) | 2002-11-19 | 2007-07-31 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Method and apparatus for characterizing a signal path carrying an operational signal |
FR2847723B1 (en) | 2002-11-22 | 2006-02-03 | United Monolithic Semiconduct | ELECTRONIC HOUSING COMPONENT FOR MILLIMETER FREQUENCY APPLICATIONS |
SE525090C2 (en) | 2002-12-02 | 2004-11-30 | Telia Ab | Adaptively passive distributed antenna system |
US9015467B2 (en) | 2002-12-05 | 2015-04-21 | Broadcom Corporation | Tagging mechanism for data path security processing |
US7200391B2 (en) | 2002-12-06 | 2007-04-03 | Airvana, Inc. | Capacity enhancement schemes for forward and reverse links of distributed cellular base stations |
JP2004187224A (en) | 2002-12-06 | 2004-07-02 | Toko Inc | Input/output coupling structure for dielectric waveguide resonator |
WO2004054159A2 (en) | 2002-12-09 | 2004-06-24 | Elmore Glenn E | Method and apparatus for launching a surfacewave onto a single conductor transmission line |
US6980091B2 (en) | 2002-12-10 | 2005-12-27 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communication system and method of operating the same |
US6965303B2 (en) | 2002-12-10 | 2005-11-15 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communication system and method |
US7224272B2 (en) | 2002-12-10 | 2007-05-29 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line repeater system and method |
US6980090B2 (en) | 2002-12-10 | 2005-12-27 | Current Technologies, Llc | Device and method for coupling with electrical distribution network infrastructure to provide communications |
US7075414B2 (en) | 2003-05-13 | 2006-07-11 | Current Technologies, Llc | Device and method for communicating data signals through multiple power line conductors |
US6924776B2 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2005-08-02 | Andrew Corporation | Wideband dual polarized base station antenna offering optimized horizontal beam radiation patterns and variable vertical beam tilt |
US8516470B1 (en) | 2002-12-16 | 2013-08-20 | Symantec Corporation | Version upgrade via viral infection |
US6768474B2 (en) | 2002-12-20 | 2004-07-27 | Spx Corporation | Antenna mounting assembly and method |
AU2003296113A1 (en) | 2002-12-26 | 2004-07-22 | Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation | Wave transmission medium and waveguide circuit |
US7019704B2 (en) | 2003-01-02 | 2006-03-28 | Phiar Corporation | Planar antenna with supplemental antenna current configuration arranged between dominant current paths |
FR2849728B1 (en) | 2003-01-06 | 2005-04-29 | Excem | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TRANSMISSION WITH LOW CROSSTALK |
US6992639B1 (en) | 2003-01-16 | 2006-01-31 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Hybrid-mode horn antenna with selective gain |
US7224985B2 (en) | 2003-01-16 | 2007-05-29 | Lockheed Martin, Corp. | Antenna segment system |
US7272231B2 (en) | 2003-01-27 | 2007-09-18 | International Business Machines Corporation | Encrypting data for access by multiple users |
US6756538B1 (en) | 2003-01-29 | 2004-06-29 | Conductores Monterrey S.A. De C.V. | Coaxial cable having improved mechanical and electrical properties |
KR20040069652A (en) | 2003-01-30 | 2004-08-06 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Multi-Sector In-Building Repeater |
JP2004297107A (en) | 2003-01-30 | 2004-10-21 | Rcs:Kk | Power line carrier device |
JP3870909B2 (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2007-01-24 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾å³¶ę“„č£½ä½ę | Plasma processing equipment |
US7518529B2 (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2009-04-14 | Fmc Tech Limited | Monitoring device for a medium voltage overhead line |
FR2850796A1 (en) | 2003-02-04 | 2004-08-06 | Cit Alcatel | SECONDARY REFLECTOR FOR CASSEGRAIN-TYPE MICROWAVE ANTENNA |
US7215928B2 (en) | 2003-05-02 | 2007-05-08 | Nortel Networks Limited | Path selection in wireless networks |
KR100571862B1 (en) | 2003-02-17 | 2006-04-17 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Wireless communication system and method including multiple antennae |
JP2004253853A (en) | 2003-02-18 | 2004-09-09 | Ntn Corp | Dielectric resin lens antenna |
JP2004254155A (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2004-09-09 | Kanji Otsuka | Signal transmitter and wiring structure |
GB0304216D0 (en) | 2003-02-25 | 2003-03-26 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Wireless network |
US6677899B1 (en) | 2003-02-25 | 2004-01-13 | Raytheon Company | Low cost 2-D electronically scanned array with compact CTS feed and MEMS phase shifters |
US6822615B2 (en) | 2003-02-25 | 2004-11-23 | Raytheon Company | Wideband 2-D electronically scanned array with compact CTS feed and MEMS phase shifters |
US6888623B2 (en) | 2003-02-26 | 2005-05-03 | Dynamic Technology, Inc. | Fiber optic sensor for precision 3-D position measurement |
US20040172650A1 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-02 | Hawkins William J. | Targeted content delivery system in an interactive television network |
ATE475999T1 (en) | 2003-03-04 | 2010-08-15 | Rohm & Haas Elect Mat | COAXIAL WAVEGUIDE MICROSTRUCTURES AND METHODS FOR FORMING THEM |
FR2852467B1 (en) | 2003-03-13 | 2005-07-15 | Excem | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TRANSMISSION WITHOUT CROSSTALK |
JP4125984B2 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2008-07-30 | ć¢ć¼ćć«ć»ć·ć¹ćć ćŗę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Antenna with multiple primary radiators |
JP4025674B2 (en) | 2003-04-01 | 2007-12-26 | åÆ士éę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Detour communication route design method |
CA2562395C (en) | 2003-04-08 | 2013-09-03 | Acn Advanced Communications Networks Sa | System and method for data communication over power lines |
US7426745B2 (en) | 2003-04-24 | 2008-09-16 | International Business Machines Corporation | Methods and systems for transparent data encryption and decryption |
US6904218B2 (en) | 2003-05-12 | 2005-06-07 | Fitel U.S.A. Corporation | Super-large-effective-area (SLA) optical fiber and communication system incorporating the same |
JP4000359B2 (en) | 2003-05-13 | 2007-10-31 | 島ē°ēåå·„ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Primary radiator for parabolic antenna |
JP4142992B2 (en) | 2003-05-15 | 2008-09-03 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ććøćÆć© | Transmission line structure for GHz band transmission and connector used for GHz band transmission |
US7516487B1 (en) | 2003-05-21 | 2009-04-07 | Foundry Networks, Inc. | System and method for source IP anti-spoofing security |
EP1630976A1 (en) | 2003-06-02 | 2006-03-01 | Fujitsu Limited | Array antenna communication device and array antenna communication device calibration method |
JP3867713B2 (en) | 2003-06-05 | 2007-01-10 | ä½åé»ę°å·„ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Radio wave lens antenna device |
US7054513B2 (en) | 2003-06-09 | 2006-05-30 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Optical fiber with quantum dots |
US6859185B2 (en) | 2003-06-11 | 2005-02-22 | Harris Corporation | Antenna assembly decoupling positioners and associated methods |
CN1809849A (en) | 2003-06-17 | 2006-07-26 | čåå®å ØåŗēØIdęéå ¬åø | Electronic security system for monitoring and recording activity and data relating to cargo |
ES2221803B1 (en) | 2003-06-18 | 2006-03-01 | DiseƱo De Sistemas En Silicio, S.A. | PROCEDURE FOR ACCESS TO THE MEDIA TRANSMISSION OF MULTIPLE NODES OF COMMUNICATIONS ON ELECTRICAL NETWORK. |
US6972729B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2005-12-06 | Wang Electro-Opto Corporation | Broadband/multi-band circular array antenna |
US7119755B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2006-10-10 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Wave antenna lens system |
US7313087B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2007-12-25 | Ericsson Ab | Distributed protection switching |
CA2470281A1 (en) | 2003-06-24 | 2004-12-24 | Her Majesty In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Nationa L Defence | Multiple phase center feedhorn for reflector antenna |
US7026917B2 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2006-04-11 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communication system and method of operating the same |
WO2005008903A2 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2005-01-27 | Current Technologies, Llc | A power line communication system and method of operating the same |
US7321291B2 (en) | 2004-10-26 | 2008-01-22 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communications system and method of operating the same |
EP1642468A4 (en) | 2003-07-03 | 2010-02-17 | Rotani Inc | Methods and apparatus for high throughput multiple radio wireless cells and networks |
US6985118B2 (en) | 2003-07-07 | 2006-01-10 | Harris Corporation | Multi-band horn antenna using frequency selective surfaces |
JP2005033055A (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2005-02-03 | Canon Inc | Surface wave plasma processor using multi-slot antenna for which circular arcuate slot is provided together with radial slot |
WO2005009002A1 (en) | 2003-07-11 | 2005-01-27 | Computer Associates Think, Inc. | System and method for securing networks |
US7567740B2 (en) | 2003-07-14 | 2009-07-28 | Massachusetts Institute Of Technology | Thermal sensing fiber devices |
TW200509637A (en) | 2003-07-14 | 2005-03-01 | Nagravision Sa | Method to create and manage a local network |
FR2857804B1 (en) | 2003-07-17 | 2006-05-26 | Atmel Corp | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SMOOTHING POWER CONSUMPTION IN AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT |
US7697417B2 (en) | 2003-07-18 | 2010-04-13 | Alcatel-Lucent Usa Inc. | Methods and devices for re-routing MPLS traffic |
US7151497B2 (en) | 2003-07-19 | 2006-12-19 | Crystal Bonnie A | Coaxial antenna system |
US6952143B2 (en) | 2003-07-25 | 2005-10-04 | M/A-Com, Inc. | Millimeter-wave signal transmission device |
US7346359B2 (en) | 2003-07-31 | 2008-03-18 | Pango Networks, Inc. | Method for RF fingerprinting |
SE0302175D0 (en) | 2003-08-07 | 2003-08-07 | Kildal Antenna Consulting Ab | Broadband multi-dipole antenna with frequencyindependent radiation characteristics |
TWI220817B (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2004-09-01 | Benq Corp | Antenna matching device and method thereof |
US7545818B2 (en) | 2003-08-27 | 2009-06-09 | Mindspeed Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for detecting facsimile communication during a VoIP session |
JP3721181B2 (en) | 2003-08-29 | 2005-11-30 | ē¬ē«č”ęæę³äŗŗē§å¦ęč”ęÆčę©ę§ | Electromagnetic frequency filter |
BRPI0414099A (en) | 2003-09-03 | 2006-10-31 | Behzad Mohebbi | short range cell booster |
US7602815B2 (en) | 2003-09-04 | 2009-10-13 | Broadcom Corporation | Using network time protocol in voice over packet transmission |
JP4446272B2 (en) | 2003-09-09 | 2010-04-07 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾å½éé»ę°éäæ”åŗē¤ęč”ē ē©¶ę | Array antenna apparatus and control method thereof |
US20050063422A1 (en) | 2003-09-19 | 2005-03-24 | Sashi Lazar | Communication protocol over power line communication networks |
JP3975445B2 (en) | 2003-09-22 | 2007-09-12 | å¤Ŗę“ē”ē·ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Fan beam antenna |
DE112004001821T5 (en) | 2003-10-03 | 2006-10-19 | Murata Manufacturing Co., Ltd., Nagaokakyo | Dielectric lens, dielectric lens device, dielectric lens design method, manufacturing method, and transmission lens of a dielectric lens |
US20060239501A1 (en) | 2005-04-26 | 2006-10-26 | Verance Corporation | Security enhancements of digital watermarks for multi-media content |
US7280033B2 (en) | 2003-10-15 | 2007-10-09 | Current Technologies, Llc | Surface wave power line communications system and method |
US20050097396A1 (en) | 2003-10-20 | 2005-05-05 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for root cause linking of trouble tickets |
EP1678587A4 (en) | 2003-10-24 | 2009-10-28 | Square D Co | Intelligent power management control system |
US6982679B2 (en) | 2003-10-27 | 2006-01-03 | Harris Corporation | Coaxial horn antenna system |
US7214884B2 (en) | 2003-10-31 | 2007-05-08 | Adc Incorporated | Cable with offset filler |
US7239284B1 (en) | 2003-10-31 | 2007-07-03 | Staal Michael B | Method and apparatus for stacked waveguide horns using dual polarity feeds oriented in quadrature |
US6906676B2 (en) | 2003-11-12 | 2005-06-14 | Harris Corporation | FSS feeding network for a multi-band compact horn |
US7123676B2 (en) | 2003-11-17 | 2006-10-17 | Quellan, Inc. | Method and system for antenna interference cancellation |
JP4209758B2 (en) | 2003-11-20 | 2009-01-14 | åÆ士éę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Detour communication route design method |
US7075485B2 (en) | 2003-11-24 | 2006-07-11 | Hong Kong Applied Science And Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Low cost multi-beam, multi-band and multi-diversity antenna systems and methods for wireless communications |
MXPA06003804A (en) | 2003-11-24 | 2006-06-14 | Interdigital Tech Corp | Method and apparatus for utilizing a directional beam antenna in a wireless transmit/receive unit. |
CA2449596A1 (en) | 2003-12-05 | 2005-06-05 | Stanislaw Bleszynski | Dielectric cable system for millimeter microwave |
WO2005059491A2 (en) | 2003-12-11 | 2005-06-30 | Joslyn Hi-Voltage Corp. | Transmission/distribution line fault indicator with remote polling and current sensing and reporting capability |
DE10359867A1 (en) | 2003-12-18 | 2005-07-14 | Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg | coupling |
US7426383B2 (en) | 2003-12-22 | 2008-09-16 | Symbol Technologies, Inc. | Wireless LAN intrusion detection based on location |
US7852837B1 (en) | 2003-12-24 | 2010-12-14 | At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. | Wi-Fi/BPL dual mode repeaters for power line networks |
KR100574228B1 (en) | 2003-12-27 | 2006-04-26 | ķźµģ ģķµģ ģ°źµ¬ģ | Hexagonal Array Structure Of Dielectric Rod To Shape Flat-Topped Element Pattern |
NO20040110L (en) | 2004-01-09 | 2005-07-11 | Geir Monsen Vavik | Signal repeater system |
US7519323B2 (en) | 2004-01-12 | 2009-04-14 | Nextivity, Inc. | Short-range cellular booster |
US7042403B2 (en) | 2004-01-23 | 2006-05-09 | General Motors Corporation | Dual band, low profile omnidirectional antenna |
WO2005072469A2 (en) | 2004-01-28 | 2005-08-11 | Paratek Microwave Inc. | Apparatus and method operable in a wireless local area network incorporating tunable dielectric capacitors embodied within an intelligent adaptive antenna |
US11152971B2 (en) | 2004-02-02 | 2021-10-19 | Charles Abraham | Frequency modulated OFDM over various communication media |
US7308264B2 (en) | 2004-02-05 | 2007-12-11 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Method for identifying pre-candidate cells for a mobile unit operating with a switched beam antenna in a wireless communication system, and corresponding system |
US7274936B2 (en) | 2004-02-06 | 2007-09-25 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for measuring channel quality using a smart antenna in a wireless transmit/receive unit |
US7823199B1 (en) | 2004-02-06 | 2010-10-26 | Extreme Networks | Method and system for detecting and preventing access intrusion in a network |
US7324817B2 (en) | 2004-02-07 | 2008-01-29 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Wireless communication method and apparatus for selecting and reselecting cells based on measurements performed using directional beams and an omni-directional beam pattern |
US8856239B1 (en) | 2004-02-10 | 2014-10-07 | Sonicwall, Inc. | Message classification based on likelihood of spoofing |
EP2015396A3 (en) | 2004-02-11 | 2009-07-29 | Sony Deutschland GmbH | Circular polarised array antenna |
US20050208949A1 (en) | 2004-02-12 | 2005-09-22 | Chiueh Tzi-Cker | Centralized channel assignment and routing algorithms for multi-channel wireless mesh networks |
WO2005082801A2 (en) | 2004-02-20 | 2005-09-09 | Corning Incorporated | Optical fiber and method for making such fiber |
GB2411554B (en) | 2004-02-24 | 2006-01-18 | Toshiba Res Europ Ltd | Multi-rate security |
DE102005008733A1 (en) | 2004-02-26 | 2005-10-13 | Kyocera Corp. | Transceiver antenna, isolator, high frequency oscillator and the same high frequency transmitter / receiver |
US7138958B2 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2006-11-21 | Andrew Corporation | Reflector antenna radome with backlobe suppressor ring and method of manufacturing |
US7640581B1 (en) | 2004-02-27 | 2009-12-29 | Embarq Holdings Company, Llc | Method and system for providing secure, centralized access to remote elements |
US6958729B1 (en) | 2004-03-05 | 2005-10-25 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Phased array metamaterial antenna system |
US7113134B1 (en) | 2004-03-12 | 2006-09-26 | Current Technologies, Llc | Transformer antenna device and method of using the same |
US7289828B2 (en) | 2004-03-17 | 2007-10-30 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Method for steering a smart antenna for a WLAN using a periodic re-scan |
US7057401B2 (en) | 2004-03-23 | 2006-06-06 | Pass & Seymour, Inc. | Electrical wiring inspection system |
GB0406814D0 (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2004-08-04 | Bae Systems Plc | An antenna |
JP4082372B2 (en) | 2004-03-29 | 2008-04-30 | ę„ē«é»ē·ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Fiber optic cable |
US7061443B2 (en) | 2004-04-01 | 2006-06-13 | Raytheon Company | MMW electronically scanned antenna |
EP3447935B1 (en) | 2004-04-02 | 2022-01-26 | Apple Inc. | Wireless communication methods, systems, and signal structures |
US9312929B2 (en) | 2004-04-02 | 2016-04-12 | Rearden, Llc | System and methods to compensate for Doppler effects in multi-user (MU) multiple antenna systems (MAS) |
US10425134B2 (en) | 2004-04-02 | 2019-09-24 | Rearden, Llc | System and methods for planned evolution and obsolescence of multiuser spectrum |
US7710888B2 (en) | 2004-04-05 | 2010-05-04 | Verizon Business Global Llc | Apparatus and method for testing and fault isolation in a communication network |
US8208634B2 (en) | 2004-04-16 | 2012-06-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Position based enhanced security of wireless communications |
US7512090B2 (en) | 2004-04-19 | 2009-03-31 | Alcatel-Lucent Usa Inc. | System and method for routing calls in a wireless network using a single point of contact |
US6965355B1 (en) | 2004-04-21 | 2005-11-15 | Harris Corporation | Reflector antenna system including a phased array antenna operable in multiple modes and related methods |
GB2413407B (en) | 2004-04-22 | 2007-11-07 | Ibm | Method and system for software or data distribution |
CN2730033Y (en) | 2004-04-26 | 2005-09-28 | č„æå®ęµ·å¤©å¤©ēŗæē§ęč”份ęéå ¬åø | Omnidirectional intelligent antenna of wireless local telephone PHS communication system |
JP2005318280A (en) | 2004-04-28 | 2005-11-10 | Canon Inc | Image processing system, controller and its control method |
US7016585B2 (en) | 2004-05-04 | 2006-03-21 | Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation | Compressible layer for fiber optic cable |
IL161869A (en) | 2004-05-06 | 2014-05-28 | Serconet Ltd | System and method for carrying a wireless based signal over wiring |
DE102004024356A1 (en) | 2004-05-17 | 2005-09-08 | Siemens Ag | Rail vehicle data coupler uses data line comprising hollow waveguide fed by exciting horn from flexible dielectric guide |
US7224320B2 (en) | 2004-05-18 | 2007-05-29 | Probrand International, Inc. | Small wave-guide radiators for closely spaced feeds on multi-beam antennas |
RU2006145538A (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2008-06-27 | ŠŠ¾ŃŃŠ°Š¹Š“Š¾Ń Š”ŠøŃŃŠµŠ¼Š·, ŠŠ½Šŗ. (Us) | SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR EXCITING EXTERNAL SURFACE WAVES ON UNMATCHED LINES |
US7567154B2 (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2009-07-28 | Corridor Systems, Inc. | Surface wave transmission system over a single conductor having E-fields terminating along the conductor |
CA2467988C (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2010-11-30 | Teamon Systems, Inc. | System and method for initiating secure network connection from a client to a network host |
US7971053B2 (en) | 2004-05-26 | 2011-06-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L. P. | Methods, systems, and products for intrusion detection |
US8711732B2 (en) | 2004-05-27 | 2014-04-29 | Richard G. Johnson | Synthesized interoperable communications |
US8073810B2 (en) | 2007-10-29 | 2011-12-06 | Oracle International Corporation | Shared view of customers across business support systems (BSS) and a service delivery platform (SDP) |
US7071879B2 (en) | 2004-06-01 | 2006-07-04 | Ems Technologies Canada, Ltd. | Dielectric-resonator array antenna system |
GB2414862A (en) | 2004-06-02 | 2005-12-07 | Andrew John Fox | Dielectric antenna with increasing cross-section |
US7633442B2 (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2009-12-15 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Satellite communication subscriber device with a smart antenna and associated method |
GB0412494D0 (en) | 2004-06-04 | 2004-07-07 | Nokia Corp | Adaptive routing |
US8458453B1 (en) | 2004-06-11 | 2013-06-04 | Dunti Llc | Method and apparatus for securing communication over public network |
KR100539267B1 (en) | 2004-06-14 | 2005-12-27 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Memory system having scheme for stably terminating a pair of differential signals on a pair of transmission lines |
ATE343284T1 (en) | 2004-06-15 | 2006-11-15 | Siemens Ag | METHOD FOR RADIO COMMUNICATION AND RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH RELAY RADIO STATIONS IN A ZIGZAG ARRANGEMENT |
US20060113425A1 (en) | 2004-06-24 | 2006-06-01 | Hermann Rader | Vertical take-off and landing aircraft with adjustable center-of-gravity position |
US7102581B1 (en) | 2004-07-01 | 2006-09-05 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Multiband waveguide reflector antenna feed |
CA2484957A1 (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2006-01-07 | Veris Industries, Llc | Split core sensing transformer |
JP2006030294A (en) | 2004-07-12 | 2006-02-02 | Nitto Denko Corp | Method for manufacturing flexible optical waveguide |
RU2382527C2 (en) | 2004-07-12 | 2010-02-20 | ŠŃŠµ ŠŠ¾ŃŠæŠ°ŃŠµŠ¹ŃŠµŠ½ | Method of realsing load distribution system in data transmission wireless local area network |
US7522115B2 (en) | 2004-07-13 | 2009-04-21 | Mediaur Technologies, Inc. | Satellite ground station antenna with wide field of view and nulling pattern using surface waveguide antennas |
US7307596B1 (en) | 2004-07-15 | 2007-12-11 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Low-cost one-dimensional electromagnetic band gap waveguide phase shifter based ESA horn antenna |
US7012572B1 (en) | 2004-07-16 | 2006-03-14 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Integrated ultra wideband element card for array antennas |
US20140071818A1 (en) | 2004-07-16 | 2014-03-13 | Virginia Innovation Sciences, Inc. | Method and system for efficient communication |
US7808906B2 (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2010-10-05 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | Systems and methods for communicating a lossy protocol via a lossless protocol using false acknowledgements |
US7218285B2 (en) | 2004-08-05 | 2007-05-15 | The Boeing Company | Metamaterial scanning lens antenna systems and methods |
US7295161B2 (en) | 2004-08-06 | 2007-11-13 | International Business Machines Corporation | Apparatus and methods for constructing antennas using wire bonds as radiating elements |
JP4379804B2 (en) | 2004-08-13 | 2009-12-09 | 大åē¹ę®é¼ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | High nitrogen austenitic stainless steel |
US7193562B2 (en) | 2004-11-22 | 2007-03-20 | Ruckus Wireless, Inc. | Circuit board having a peripheral antenna apparatus with selectable antenna elements |
US7215220B1 (en) | 2004-08-23 | 2007-05-08 | Cap Wireless, Inc. | Broadband power combining device using antipodal finline structure |
US7747774B2 (en) | 2004-08-23 | 2010-06-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods, systems and computer program products for obscuring traffic in a distributed system |
US7130516B2 (en) | 2004-08-31 | 2006-10-31 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Triple-band bend tolerant optical waveguide |
GB2417618B (en) | 2004-08-31 | 2009-03-04 | Itt Mfg Enterprises Inc | Coaxial connector |
DE602005020467D1 (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2010-05-20 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | DIELECTRIC LUNEBERGLINE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
US7123191B2 (en) | 2004-09-23 | 2006-10-17 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Blind signal separation using I and Q components |
US7138767B2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2006-11-21 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Surface wave plasma processing system and method of using |
US7398946B1 (en) | 2004-10-04 | 2008-07-15 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Power line sentry charging |
US7318564B1 (en) | 2004-10-04 | 2008-01-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Power line sentry charging |
US7145440B2 (en) | 2004-10-12 | 2006-12-05 | At&T Corp. | Broadband coupler technique for electrical connection to power lines |
US8000737B2 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2011-08-16 | Sky Cross, Inc. | Methods and apparatuses for adaptively controlling antenna parameters to enhance efficiency and maintain antenna size compactness |
US7826602B1 (en) | 2004-10-22 | 2010-11-02 | Juniper Networks, Inc. | Enabling incoming VoIP calls behind a network firewall |
US7436641B2 (en) | 2004-10-26 | 2008-10-14 | The Boeing Company | Device and system for wireless communications with a circuit breaker |
US20090079660A1 (en) | 2004-10-28 | 2009-03-26 | Corridor Systems, Inc. | Distributed antenna system using overhead power lines |
DE102004052518A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Device and method for the angular resolution of distance and speed of an object |
US7733094B2 (en) | 2004-11-01 | 2010-06-08 | Underground Systems, Inc. | Electrical instrument platform for mounting on and removal from an energized high voltage power conductor |
US7307579B2 (en) | 2004-11-03 | 2007-12-11 | Flight Safety Technologies, Inc. | Collision alerting and avoidance system |
US7139328B2 (en) | 2004-11-04 | 2006-11-21 | Motorola, Inc. | Method and apparatus for closed loop data transmission |
US8527003B2 (en) | 2004-11-10 | 2013-09-03 | Newlans, Inc. | System and apparatus for high data rate wireless communications |
JP2006166399A (en) | 2004-11-15 | 2006-06-22 | Maspro Denkoh Corp | Antenna system for emc test, test signal generation apparatus and transmission apparatus |
US7123801B2 (en) | 2004-11-18 | 2006-10-17 | Prysmian Communications Cables And Systems Usa, Llc | Optical fiber cable with fiber receiving jacket ducts |
US7137605B1 (en) | 2004-11-19 | 2006-11-21 | Guertler James J | Accessory mounting device for a traffic light assembly |
JP4312700B2 (en) | 2004-11-25 | 2009-08-12 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ćŖć³ć¼ | Network communication equipment |
US7095376B1 (en) | 2004-11-30 | 2006-08-22 | L3 Communications Corporation | System and method for pointing and control of an antenna |
US9172429B2 (en) | 2004-12-01 | 2015-10-27 | At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. | Interference control in a broadband powerline communication system |
US7583593B2 (en) | 2004-12-01 | 2009-09-01 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and methods for detecting network failure |
US7183991B2 (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2007-02-27 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Multiple flared antenna horn with enhanced aperture efficiency |
JP2006166277A (en) | 2004-12-10 | 2006-06-22 | Hitachi Media Electoronics Co Ltd | Transmission/reception apparatus and module |
US7315678B2 (en) | 2004-12-13 | 2008-01-01 | California Institute Of Technology | Method and apparatus for low-loss signal transmission |
KR100636388B1 (en) | 2004-12-13 | 2006-10-19 | ķźµģ ģķµģ ģ°źµ¬ģ | Dipole antenna fed with planar type waveguide |
US7716660B2 (en) | 2004-12-14 | 2010-05-11 | Microsoft Corporation | Method and system for downloading updates |
US7106265B2 (en) | 2004-12-20 | 2006-09-12 | Raytheon Company | Transverse device array radiator ESA |
US7224170B2 (en) | 2004-12-27 | 2007-05-29 | P. G. Electronics | Fault monitoring in a distributed antenna system |
US7554998B2 (en) | 2005-01-11 | 2009-06-30 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Interference-based routing in a wireless mesh network |
US9079945B2 (en) | 2005-01-11 | 2015-07-14 | Naval Medical Research Center | Adhesin as immunogen against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli |
US7453393B2 (en) | 2005-01-18 | 2008-11-18 | Siemens Milltronics Process Instruments Inc. | Coupler with waveguide transition for an antenna in a radar-based level measurement system |
US7557563B2 (en) | 2005-01-19 | 2009-07-07 | Power Measurement Ltd. | Current sensor assembly |
EP1684382A1 (en) | 2005-01-19 | 2006-07-26 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Small ultra wideband antenna having unidirectional radiation pattern |
US7437140B2 (en) | 2005-01-21 | 2008-10-14 | Sony Corporation | Power line network bridge |
US7297869B2 (en) | 2005-01-24 | 2007-11-20 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Covers for distribution lines and insulators |
US20060181394A1 (en) | 2005-01-28 | 2006-08-17 | Clarke James B | Radio frequency fingerprinting to detect fraudulent radio frequency identification tags |
EP2587603A2 (en) | 2005-01-31 | 2013-05-01 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Active current surge limiters with inrush current anticipation |
US7282922B2 (en) | 2005-01-31 | 2007-10-16 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Wire network mapping method and apparatus using impulse responses |
US7796890B1 (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2010-09-14 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Hybrid PON/surface wave terrestrial access |
WO2006085804A1 (en) | 2005-02-14 | 2006-08-17 | Abb Research Ltd | Line inspection |
US7676679B2 (en) | 2005-02-15 | 2010-03-09 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Method for self-synchronizing time between communicating networked systems using timestamps |
KR101041814B1 (en) | 2005-02-15 | 2011-06-17 | ģģ§ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Method of providing point-to-multipoint service in mobile communications system |
US7479841B2 (en) | 2005-02-15 | 2009-01-20 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Transmission line to waveguide interconnect and method of forming same including a heat spreader |
GB2438347B8 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2009-04-08 | Data Fusion Corp | Mitigating interference in a signal |
US8625547B1 (en) | 2005-03-11 | 2014-01-07 | At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. | Two-tier wireless broadband access network |
US7848517B2 (en) | 2005-03-16 | 2010-12-07 | At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. | Secure open-air communication system utilizing multi-channel decoyed transmission |
US7660252B1 (en) | 2005-03-17 | 2010-02-09 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | System and method for regulating data traffic in a network device |
CN100502181C (en) | 2005-03-18 | 2009-06-17 | å±±äøå¤§å¦ | Robot of autonomous moving along 110KV transmission line and its working method |
US7308370B2 (en) | 2005-03-22 | 2007-12-11 | Elster Electricity Llc | Using a fixed network wireless data collection system to improve utility responsiveness to power outages |
US7729285B2 (en) | 2005-03-22 | 2010-06-01 | Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. | Energy-efficient network protocol and node device for sensor networks |
US7509009B2 (en) | 2005-03-23 | 2009-03-24 | Tomoegawa Paper Co., Ltd | Optical fiber structure and method of manufacturing same |
US7324046B1 (en) | 2005-03-25 | 2008-01-29 | The Boeing Company | Electronic beam steering for keyhole avoidance |
US7522794B2 (en) | 2005-03-29 | 2009-04-21 | Reynolds Packaging Llc | Multi-layered water blocking cable armor laminate containing water swelling fabrics and method of making such |
US7256740B2 (en) | 2005-03-30 | 2007-08-14 | Intel Corporation | Antenna system using complementary metal oxide semiconductor techniques |
US8259861B2 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2012-09-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and systems for providing bandwidth adjustment |
US7265664B2 (en) | 2005-04-04 | 2007-09-04 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communications system and method |
US20060232493A1 (en) | 2005-04-15 | 2006-10-19 | Cirex Technology Corporation | Circular-polarization dipole helical antenna |
WO2006111809A1 (en) | 2005-04-20 | 2006-10-26 | Nokia Siemens Networks Oy | Load balancing communications system comprising cellular overlay and ad hoc networks |
US7465879B2 (en) | 2005-04-25 | 2008-12-16 | Cable Components Group | Concentric-eccentric high performance, multi-media communications cables and cable support-separators utilizing roll-up designs |
WO2006116396A2 (en) | 2005-04-26 | 2006-11-02 | Anders Joseph C | Voice over internet protocol system and method for processing of telephonic voice over a data network |
US8656458B2 (en) | 2005-08-25 | 2014-02-18 | Guy Heffez | Method and system for authenticating internet user identity |
US7151499B2 (en) | 2005-04-28 | 2006-12-19 | Aramais Avakian | Reconfigurable dielectric waveguide antenna |
US7180447B1 (en) | 2005-04-29 | 2007-02-20 | Lockhead Martin Corporation | Shared phased array beamformer |
US20060249622A1 (en) | 2005-05-04 | 2006-11-09 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Autonomous Environmental Control System and Method For Post-Capture and Pre-Launch Management of an Unmanned Air Vehicle |
US7958120B2 (en) | 2005-05-10 | 2011-06-07 | Netseer, Inc. | Method and apparatus for distributed community finding |
US20060255930A1 (en) | 2005-05-12 | 2006-11-16 | Berkman William H | Power line communications system and method |
US7420474B1 (en) | 2005-05-13 | 2008-09-02 | Barron Associates, Inc. | Idiosyncratic emissions fingerprinting method for identifying electronic devices |
US7590404B1 (en) | 2005-05-18 | 2009-09-15 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Surface wave communications between a remote antenna and a base station that is co-located with another base station |
US7787729B2 (en) | 2005-05-20 | 2010-08-31 | Imra America, Inc. | Single mode propagation in fibers and rods with large leakage channels |
WO2006125279A1 (en) | 2005-05-27 | 2006-11-30 | At Group International Limited | Content presentation |
US8629807B2 (en) | 2005-06-06 | 2014-01-14 | Analog Devices, Inc. | True time delay phase array radar using rotary clocks and electronic delay lines |
EP1889327B1 (en) | 2005-06-09 | 2014-06-11 | MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Ltd. | Lightweight space-fed active phased array antenna system |
EP1734665B1 (en) | 2005-06-17 | 2011-08-10 | Fujitsu Limited | Multi-hop communication system |
US7558206B2 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2009-07-07 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communication rate limiting system and method |
US7358808B2 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2008-04-15 | Current Technologies, Llc | Method and device for amplification of data signals over power lines |
US7259657B2 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2007-08-21 | Current Technologies, Llc | Multi-subnet power line communications system and method |
US7508834B2 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2009-03-24 | Current Technologies, Llc | Wireless link for power line communications system |
US20060286927A1 (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2006-12-21 | Berkman William H | Hybrid power line communications digital broadcast system |
CN1885736A (en) | 2005-06-21 | 2006-12-27 | ēµåē§ęå¤§å¦ | Distributed MIMO public mobile communication system |
US7459834B2 (en) | 2005-06-22 | 2008-12-02 | Qortek, Inc. | Solid state gimbal system |
US8660526B1 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2014-02-25 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Location-based intrusion detection system |
US7319717B2 (en) | 2005-06-28 | 2008-01-15 | International Broadband Electric Communications, Inc. | Device and method for enabling communications signals using a medium voltage power line |
CH705337B1 (en) | 2005-07-14 | 2013-02-15 | Brugg Ag Kabelwerke | Electro-optical communications and power cables. |
US7522812B2 (en) | 2005-07-15 | 2009-04-21 | International Broadband Electric Communications, Inc. | Coupling of communications signals to a power line |
FI120072B (en) | 2005-07-19 | 2009-06-15 | Ssh Comm Security Corp | Transmission of packet data over a network with a security protocol |
US7724717B2 (en) | 2005-07-22 | 2010-05-25 | Sri International | Method and apparatus for wireless network security |
US8249028B2 (en) | 2005-07-22 | 2012-08-21 | Sri International | Method and apparatus for identifying wireless transmitters |
US8737420B2 (en) | 2005-07-27 | 2014-05-27 | Sigma Designs Israel S.D.I. Ltd. | Bandwidth management in a powerline network |
GB2428949B (en) | 2005-07-28 | 2007-11-14 | Artimi Inc | Communications systems and methods |
CA2515560A1 (en) | 2005-08-10 | 2007-02-10 | William H. Berkman | A surface wave power line communications system and method |
US20070041554A1 (en) | 2005-08-12 | 2007-02-22 | Sbc Knowledge Ventures L.P. | Method and system for comprehensive testing of network connections |
US8073068B2 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2011-12-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Selective virtual antenna transmission |
JP4437984B2 (en) | 2005-08-24 | 2010-03-24 | ć¢ć©ćÆćµć©ććććÆć¼ćÆć¹ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Network relay device and control method thereof |
US20070054622A1 (en) | 2005-09-02 | 2007-03-08 | Berkman William H | Hybrid power line wireless communication system |
US7518952B1 (en) | 2005-09-09 | 2009-04-14 | Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. | Sonar sensor array signal distribution system and method |
CA2618505C (en) | 2005-09-16 | 2014-11-25 | Universite De Liege | Device, system and method for real-time monitoring of overhead power lines |
US7606592B2 (en) | 2005-09-19 | 2009-10-20 | Becker Charles D | Waveguide-based wireless distribution system and method of operation |
US8406239B2 (en) | 2005-10-03 | 2013-03-26 | Broadcom Corporation | Multi-wideband communications over multiple mediums |
US7817063B2 (en) | 2005-10-05 | 2010-10-19 | Abl Ip Holding Llc | Method and system for remotely monitoring and controlling field devices with a street lamp elevated mesh network |
EP1935146B1 (en) | 2005-10-12 | 2012-01-11 | Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) | Method and arrangement for link cost determination for routing in wireless networks |
DE102005049103A1 (en) | 2005-10-13 | 2007-04-19 | Siemens Ag | Radio communication with a repeater |
US8605579B2 (en) | 2005-10-17 | 2013-12-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for flow control of data in a mesh network |
US7856007B2 (en) | 2005-10-21 | 2010-12-21 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communication voice over IP system and method |
US20070090185A1 (en) | 2005-10-25 | 2007-04-26 | Clean Energy Developments Corp. | Device and method for shopping and data collection |
US8079049B2 (en) | 2005-10-26 | 2011-12-13 | Thomson Licensing | System and method for inserting sync bytes into transport packets |
CN1863244B (en) | 2005-10-28 | 2013-10-02 | åäøŗęęÆęéå ¬åø | Method and apparatus for time-domain reflecting measurement of transmission line |
US8774019B2 (en) | 2005-11-10 | 2014-07-08 | Apple Inc. | Zones for wireless networks with relays |
US7570137B2 (en) | 2005-11-14 | 2009-08-04 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) waveguide resonators having a tunable ferroelectric layer |
US7656167B1 (en) | 2005-11-15 | 2010-02-02 | Tdk Corporation | Electric field generator incorporating a slow-wave structure |
DE102005056042B4 (en) | 2005-11-24 | 2015-11-05 | Vega Grieshaber Kg | Metallised plastic antenna funnel for a level radar |
JP2006153878A (en) | 2005-11-25 | 2006-06-15 | Omron Corp | Intruder detecting device and radiowave reflector |
EP1955454A4 (en) | 2005-11-29 | 2010-05-05 | Ls Cable Ltd | Power line communication system using hybrid-fiber coaxial and communication device used in the system |
JP2007145263A (en) | 2005-11-30 | 2007-06-14 | Pacific Ind Co Ltd | Vehicle equipment control system |
US7358921B2 (en) | 2005-12-01 | 2008-04-15 | Harris Corporation | Dual polarization antenna and associated methods |
US8243603B2 (en) | 2005-12-07 | 2012-08-14 | Motorola Solutions, Inc. | Method and system for improving a wireless communication route |
GB0525428D0 (en) | 2005-12-14 | 2006-01-25 | Wireless Fibre Systems Ltd | Distributed underwater electromagnetic communication system |
US7583074B1 (en) | 2005-12-16 | 2009-09-01 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Low cost millimeter wave imager |
WO2007071797A1 (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2007-06-28 | Uralita Sistemas De Tuberias, S.A. | Distributed system for the bidirectional transmission of guided and/or radiated waves |
US20070144779A1 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2007-06-28 | General Electric Company | Wireless configurable controls and control panels and enclosures therefor |
JP4388014B2 (en) | 2005-12-20 | 2009-12-24 | äøęé»åę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | antenna |
US8207907B2 (en) | 2006-02-16 | 2012-06-26 | The Invention Science Fund I Llc | Variable metamaterial apparatus |
JP4816078B2 (en) | 2005-12-28 | 2011-11-16 | ä½åé»ę°å·„ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Radio wave lens antenna device |
BRPI0620593A2 (en) | 2006-01-10 | 2011-11-16 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | multiport modulation method and transmitting and receiving devices using the |
US8125399B2 (en) | 2006-01-14 | 2012-02-28 | Paratek Microwave, Inc. | Adaptively tunable antennas incorporating an external probe to monitor radiated power |
US7417587B2 (en) | 2006-01-19 | 2008-08-26 | Raytheon Company | Ferrite phase shifter and phase array radar system |
US20080012724A1 (en) | 2006-01-30 | 2008-01-17 | Corcoran Kevin F | Power line communications module and method |
US7468657B2 (en) | 2006-01-30 | 2008-12-23 | Current Technologies, Llc | System and method for detecting noise source in a power line communications system |
US7272281B2 (en) | 2006-02-01 | 2007-09-18 | Sbc Knowledge Ventures, L.P. | Powered fiber cable |
US7525501B2 (en) | 2006-02-10 | 2009-04-28 | Ems Technologies, Inc. | Bicone pattern shaping device |
US7852207B2 (en) | 2006-02-14 | 2010-12-14 | Current Technologies, Llc | Method for establishing power line communication link |
US7345623B2 (en) | 2006-02-24 | 2008-03-18 | Mcewan Technologies, Llc | Reflection free launcher for electromagnetic guide wire |
US8497762B2 (en) | 2006-03-07 | 2013-07-30 | Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh | Network control |
US7813842B2 (en) | 2006-03-09 | 2010-10-12 | Sony Corporation | Systems and methods for use in providing local power line communication |
US9037516B2 (en) | 2006-03-17 | 2015-05-19 | Fatdoor, Inc. | Direct mailing in a geo-spatial environment |
US7532792B2 (en) | 2006-08-28 | 2009-05-12 | Crystal Fibre A/S | Optical coupler, a method of its fabrication and use |
US7634250B1 (en) | 2006-03-17 | 2009-12-15 | Sprint Spectrum L.P. | Signal conditioner and method for communicating over a shared transport medium a combined digital signal for wireless service |
US8887212B2 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2014-11-11 | Robin Dua | Extended connectivity point-of-deployment apparatus and concomitant method thereof |
WO2007109336A2 (en) | 2006-03-22 | 2007-09-27 | Davidson Instruments, Inc. | Apparatus for continuous readout of fabry-perot fiber optic sensor |
JP2007259001A (en) | 2006-03-23 | 2007-10-04 | Nec Corp | Antenna system and manufacturing method thereof |
JP4946121B2 (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2012-06-06 | ććć½ćććÆę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Authentication relay device, authentication relay system, and authentication relay method |
US7796025B2 (en) | 2006-03-27 | 2010-09-14 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communication device and method |
US7764943B2 (en) | 2006-03-27 | 2010-07-27 | Current Technologies, Llc | Overhead and underground power line communication system and method using a bypass |
WO2007114391A1 (en) | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-11 | Kyocera Corporation | Dielectric waveguide device; phase shifter, high frequency switch, and attenuator provided with dielectric waveguide device; and method of manufacturing high frequency transmitter, high frequency receiver, high frequency transmitter/receiver and radar device, array antenna, and dielectric waveguide device |
EP2002565A4 (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2012-07-04 | Qualcomm Inc | Enhanced physical layer repeater for operation in wimax systems |
US8732476B1 (en) | 2006-04-13 | 2014-05-20 | Xceedium, Inc. | Automatic intervention |
US8825239B2 (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2014-09-02 | General Electric Company | Communication system and method for a rail vehicle consist |
US7929940B1 (en) | 2006-04-18 | 2011-04-19 | Nextel Communications Inc. | System and method for transmitting wireless digital service signals via power transmission lines |
US7567213B2 (en) | 2006-05-02 | 2009-07-28 | Accton Technology Corporation | Array structure for the application to wireless switch of WLAN and WMAN |
US7680478B2 (en) | 2006-05-04 | 2010-03-16 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Inactivity monitoring for different traffic or service classifications |
US20070258484A1 (en) | 2006-05-08 | 2007-11-08 | Sunrise Telecom Incorporated | Network profiling system having physical layer test system |
US8063840B2 (en) | 2006-05-11 | 2011-11-22 | Bae Systems Plc | Antenna operable across multiple frequencies while maintaining substantially uniform beam shape |
GB0610503D0 (en) | 2006-05-26 | 2006-07-05 | Acbond Ltd | Communication apparatus and method |
WO2007141850A1 (en) | 2006-06-07 | 2007-12-13 | Sei Hybrid Products, Inc. | Radio wave lens antenna device |
US7761079B2 (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2010-07-20 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communication device and method |
US7728772B2 (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2010-06-01 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Phased array systems and phased array front-end devices |
US7581702B2 (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2009-09-01 | Insitu, Inc. | Wirelessly controlling unmanned aircraft and accessing associated surveillance data |
US7671701B2 (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2010-03-02 | Current Technologies, Llc | Method and device for providing broadband over power line communications |
US7906973B1 (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2011-03-15 | Marvell International Ltd. | Cable tester |
US7786894B2 (en) | 2006-06-20 | 2010-08-31 | Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc | Methods, apparatus, and systems for monitoring transmission systems |
US7825793B1 (en) | 2006-06-21 | 2010-11-02 | Sunrise Technologies, Inc. | Remote monitoring and control system |
US20070300280A1 (en) | 2006-06-21 | 2007-12-27 | Turner Media Group | Interactive method of advertising |
GB0612312D0 (en) | 2006-06-21 | 2006-08-02 | Univ Heriot Watt | Compact antenna |
US20090009408A1 (en) | 2006-06-21 | 2009-01-08 | Broadcom Corporation | Integrated circuit with bonding wire antenna structure and methods for use therewith |
KR200425873Y1 (en) | 2006-06-23 | 2006-09-19 | ģ£¼ģķģ¬ ģøķėģ¤ | Virtual private network device having a function of detecting and preventing malignant data |
US7420525B2 (en) | 2006-06-23 | 2008-09-02 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Multi-beam antenna with shared dielectric lens |
US8184549B2 (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2012-05-22 | Embarq Holdings Company, LLP | System and method for selecting network egress |
GB0613081D0 (en) | 2006-07-03 | 2006-08-09 | Wireless Fibre Systems Ltd | Underground data communications system |
JP2008017263A (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2008-01-24 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | Communication network |
US7903972B2 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2011-03-08 | Riggsby Robert R | Format converter with smart multitap |
US7783195B2 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2010-08-24 | Scientific-Atlanta, Llc | Format converter with smart multitap with digital forward and reverse |
US8093745B2 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2012-01-10 | Ambient Corporation | Sensing current flowing through a power line |
US7885542B2 (en) | 2006-07-07 | 2011-02-08 | Riggsby Robert R | Format converter with smart multitap and upstream signal regulator |
EP2040102A4 (en) | 2006-07-12 | 2010-02-24 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd | Polarization retaining optical fiber, manufacturing method of polarization retaining optical fiber connector, and polarization retaining optical fiber connector |
JP2008021483A (en) | 2006-07-12 | 2008-01-31 | Viscas Corp | Snow dropping damage prevention overhead power line, and snow melting ring used for it |
US7620370B2 (en) | 2006-07-13 | 2009-11-17 | Designart Networks Ltd | Mobile broadband wireless access point network with wireless backhaul |
US7531803B2 (en) | 2006-07-14 | 2009-05-12 | William Marsh Rice University | Method and system for transmitting terahertz pulses |
DE102006033703A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 | 2008-01-24 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | waveguide bend |
US8121624B2 (en) | 2006-07-25 | 2012-02-21 | Alcatel Lucent | Message spoofing detection via validation of originating switch |
US8373597B2 (en) | 2006-08-09 | 2013-02-12 | Spx Corporation | High-power-capable circularly polarized patch antenna apparatus and method |
WO2008022272A2 (en) | 2006-08-18 | 2008-02-21 | Wifi Rail, Inc. | System and method of wirelessly communicating with mobile devices |
US7843831B2 (en) | 2006-08-22 | 2010-11-30 | Embarq Holdings Company Llc | System and method for routing data on a packet network |
TWI449257B (en) | 2006-08-25 | 2014-08-11 | Tyco Electronics Services Gmbh | Antennas based on metamaterial structures |
US20080060832A1 (en) | 2006-08-28 | 2008-03-13 | Ali Razavi | Multi-layer cable design and method of manufacture |
JP4893483B2 (en) | 2006-09-11 | 2012-03-07 | ć½ćć¼ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Communications system |
JP4345850B2 (en) | 2006-09-11 | 2009-10-14 | ć½ćć¼ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Communication system and communication apparatus |
US7397422B2 (en) | 2006-09-19 | 2008-07-08 | The Boeing Company | Method and system for attitude determination of a platform using global navigation satellite system and a steered antenna |
TWI355167B (en) | 2006-09-19 | 2011-12-21 | Firetide Inc | A multi-channel assignment method for multi-radio |
US8532023B2 (en) | 2006-09-20 | 2013-09-10 | Alcatel Lucent | Interference aware routing in multi-radio wireless mesh networks |
US7450813B2 (en) | 2006-09-20 | 2008-11-11 | Imra America, Inc. | Rare earth doped and large effective area optical fibers for fiber lasers and amplifiers |
US7639199B2 (en) | 2006-09-22 | 2009-12-29 | Broadcom Corporation | Programmable antenna with programmable impedance matching and methods for use therewith |
US20080077336A1 (en) | 2006-09-25 | 2008-03-27 | Roosevelt Fernandes | Power line universal monitor |
US8023826B2 (en) | 2006-09-26 | 2011-09-20 | Extenet Systems Inc. | Method and apparatus for using distributed antennas |
US20080077791A1 (en) | 2006-09-27 | 2008-03-27 | Craig Lund | System and method for secured network access |
KR100849702B1 (en) | 2006-09-27 | 2008-08-01 | ģ“ėģ | Circular Wave Dielectric Horn Parabolar Antenna |
US7546214B2 (en) | 2006-09-28 | 2009-06-09 | General Electric Company | System for power sub-metering |
US20080080389A1 (en) | 2006-10-03 | 2008-04-03 | Hart Richard D | Methods and apparatus to develop management rules for qualifying broadband services |
US7541981B2 (en) | 2006-10-04 | 2009-06-02 | Broadcom Corporation | Fractal antenna based on Peano-Gosper curve |
US7791215B2 (en) | 2006-10-10 | 2010-09-07 | Barthold Lionel O | Intra-bundle power line carrier current system |
GB2442745B (en) | 2006-10-13 | 2011-04-06 | At & T Corp | Method and apparatus for acoustic sensing using multiple optical pulses |
US8863245B1 (en) | 2006-10-19 | 2014-10-14 | Fatdoor, Inc. | Nextdoor neighborhood social network method, apparatus, and system |
US8069483B1 (en) | 2006-10-19 | 2011-11-29 | The United States States of America as represented by the Director of the National Security Agency | Device for and method of wireless intrusion detection |
US20080094298A1 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2008-04-24 | Harris Corporation | Antenna with Shaped Asymmetric Main Reflector and Subreflector with Asymmetric Waveguide Feed |
US7974387B2 (en) | 2006-10-23 | 2011-07-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Proactive analysis of communication network problems |
KR100989064B1 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2010-10-25 | ķźµģ ģķµģ ģ°źµ¬ģ | Multi Resonant Antenna |
US8022887B1 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2011-09-20 | Sibeam, Inc. | Planar antenna |
US7289704B1 (en) | 2006-10-31 | 2007-10-30 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Fiber optic cables that kink with small bend radii |
US20100214185A1 (en) | 2006-11-01 | 2010-08-26 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Plastic waveguide-fed horn antenna |
US7795877B2 (en) | 2006-11-02 | 2010-09-14 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line communication and power distribution parameter measurement system and method |
US7411132B1 (en) | 2006-11-03 | 2008-08-12 | General Cable Technologies Corporation | Water blocking electrical cable |
EP2115887B1 (en) | 2006-11-06 | 2013-10-02 | QUALCOMM Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for power allocation and/or rate selection for ul mimo operations with par considerations |
JP4892316B2 (en) | 2006-11-06 | 2012-03-07 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ććøćÆć© | Multi-core fiber |
US8584195B2 (en) | 2006-11-08 | 2013-11-12 | Mcafee, Inc | Identities correlation infrastructure for passive network monitoring |
WO2008061107A2 (en) | 2006-11-10 | 2008-05-22 | Tk Holdings, Inc. | Antenna |
US20080120667A1 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2008-05-22 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Hybrid mpeg/ip digital cable gateway device and architecture associated therewith |
KR100846872B1 (en) | 2006-11-17 | 2008-07-16 | ķźµģ ģķµģ ģ°źµ¬ģ | Apparatus for the transition of dielectric waveguide and transmission line in millimeter wave band |
EP1930753B1 (en) | 2006-12-04 | 2015-02-18 | Draka Comteq B.V. | Optical fiber with high Brillouin threshold power and low bending losses |
US7734717B2 (en) | 2006-12-05 | 2010-06-08 | Nokia Corporation | Software distribution via peer-to-peer networks |
WO2008069358A1 (en) | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-12 | Idoit Co., Ltd. | Horn array type antenna for dual linear polarization |
US7893789B2 (en) | 2006-12-12 | 2011-02-22 | Andrew Llc | Waveguide transitions and method of forming components |
US20080143491A1 (en) | 2006-12-13 | 2008-06-19 | Deaver Brian J | Power Line Communication Interface Device and Method |
US7649881B2 (en) | 2006-12-14 | 2010-01-19 | Nortel Networks Limited | Pinning the route of IP bearer flows in a next generation network |
US7786946B2 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2010-08-31 | Arizona Board Of Regents For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Hollow dielectric pipe polyrod antenna |
US7889148B2 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2011-02-15 | Arizona Board Of Regents For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Compact broad-band admittance tunnel incorporating gaussian beam antennas |
US7889149B2 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2011-02-15 | Arizona Board Of Regents For And On Behalf Of Arizona State University | Aperture matched polyrod antenna |
JP5138701B2 (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2013-02-06 | ćÆć·ć³ćć³ć»ć¦ććć¼ć·ćć£ | High performance imaging system for diffuse optical tomography and associated methods of use |
EP1939981B1 (en) | 2006-12-26 | 2016-08-03 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Antenna apparatus |
US8468244B2 (en) | 2007-01-05 | 2013-06-18 | Digital Doors, Inc. | Digital information infrastructure and method for security designated data and with granular data stores |
US7843375B1 (en) | 2007-01-16 | 2010-11-30 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Method and apparatus for monitoring the RF environment to prevent airborne radar false alarms that initiate evasive maneuvers, reactionary displays or actions |
GB0701090D0 (en) | 2007-01-19 | 2007-02-28 | Plasma Antennas Ltd | A selectable beam antenna |
KR100820498B1 (en) | 2007-02-07 | 2008-04-08 | ģģģ¤ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Micro coaxial cable for high bending performance |
US7437046B2 (en) | 2007-02-12 | 2008-10-14 | Furukawa Electric North America, Inc. | Optical fiber configuration for dissipating stray light |
JP4938488B2 (en) | 2007-02-13 | 2012-05-23 | ććć½ćććÆę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Power line communication device, power line communication system, connection state confirmation method, and connection processing method |
DE202007018390U1 (en) | 2007-02-23 | 2008-07-17 | KROHNE MeĆtechnik GmbH & Co. KG | Antenna for a radar-based level measuring device |
US7786945B2 (en) | 2007-02-26 | 2010-08-31 | The Boeing Company | Beam waveguide including Mizuguchi condition reflector sets |
US8181206B2 (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2012-05-15 | Time Warner Cable Inc. | Personal content server apparatus and methods |
US8316364B2 (en) | 2007-02-28 | 2012-11-20 | Red Hat, Inc. | Peer-to-peer software update distribution network |
US20090015239A1 (en) | 2007-03-01 | 2009-01-15 | Georgiou George E | Transmission Line Sensor |
JP4600572B2 (en) | 2007-03-05 | 2010-12-15 | ę„ę¬é»ę°ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Split-type waveguide circuit |
WO2008109173A1 (en) | 2007-03-08 | 2008-09-12 | Powerwave Technologies, Inc. | Dual staggered vertically polarized variable azimuth beamwidth antenna for wireless network |
US8116714B2 (en) | 2007-03-14 | 2012-02-14 | Northern Microdesign, Inc. | Use of powerlines for transmission of high frequency signals |
EP2160799A4 (en) | 2007-03-16 | 2012-05-16 | Tyco Electronics Services Gmbh | Metamaterial antenna arrays with radiation pattern shaping and beam switching |
US7724782B2 (en) | 2007-03-20 | 2010-05-25 | George Mason Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Interval centroid based watermark |
KR100877594B1 (en) | 2007-03-23 | 2009-01-09 | ģ£¼ģķģ¬ ķ“ķ ģ“ģ¼ | Microwave repeater system for wireless network |
US7496260B2 (en) | 2007-03-27 | 2009-02-24 | Imra America, Inc. | Ultra high numerical aperture optical fibers |
TWI327016B (en) | 2007-04-02 | 2010-07-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Distributed channel allocation method and wireless mesh network therewith |
US7714536B1 (en) | 2007-04-05 | 2010-05-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Battery charging arrangement for unmanned aerial vehicle utilizing the electromagnetic field associated with utility power lines to generate power to inductively charge energy supplies |
US8172173B2 (en) | 2007-04-09 | 2012-05-08 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Covert sensor emplacement using autorotational delivery mechanism |
US20080253723A1 (en) | 2007-04-11 | 2008-10-16 | Sumitomo Electric Lightwave Corp. | Optical fiber ribbon drop cable |
US9501803B2 (en) | 2007-04-12 | 2016-11-22 | Siemens Industry, Inc. | Devices, systems, and methods for monitoring energy systems |
US7830307B2 (en) | 2007-04-13 | 2010-11-09 | Andrew Llc | Array antenna and a method of determining an antenna beam attribute |
US7930750B1 (en) | 2007-04-20 | 2011-04-19 | Symantec Corporation | Method to trickle and repair resources scanned using anti-virus technologies on a security gateway |
US8866691B2 (en) | 2007-04-20 | 2014-10-21 | Skycross, Inc. | Multimode antenna structure |
US7962957B2 (en) | 2007-04-23 | 2011-06-14 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and apparatus for detecting port scans with fake source address |
US7894329B1 (en) | 2007-04-24 | 2011-02-22 | At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. | Method and system for providing broadband access to a data network via gas pipes |
US7825867B2 (en) | 2007-04-26 | 2010-11-02 | Round Rock Research, Llc | Methods and systems of changing antenna polarization |
JP4940010B2 (en) | 2007-04-26 | 2012-05-30 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ę„ē«č£½ä½ę | Transmitter and radio system using the same |
EP2143272A4 (en) | 2007-04-30 | 2013-05-01 | Thales Avionics Inc | Remote recovery of in-flight entertainment video seat back display audio |
US20080267076A1 (en) | 2007-04-30 | 2008-10-30 | At&T Knowledge Ventures, L.P. | System and apparatus for maintaining a communication system |
US7899407B2 (en) | 2007-05-01 | 2011-03-01 | Broadcom Corporation | High frequency signal combining |
US7855612B2 (en) | 2007-10-18 | 2010-12-21 | Viasat, Inc. | Direct coaxial interface for circuits |
US7625131B2 (en) | 2007-05-02 | 2009-12-01 | Viasat, Inc. | Interface for waveguide pin launch |
US7997546B1 (en) | 2007-05-07 | 2011-08-16 | Pelco Products, Inc. | Mounting assembly for traffic cameras and other traffic control devices |
WO2008136918A2 (en) | 2007-05-07 | 2008-11-13 | Corning Incorporated | Large effective area fiber |
US7693939B2 (en) | 2007-05-07 | 2010-04-06 | Microsoft Corporation | Context-based routing in multi-hop networks |
JP5217494B2 (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2013-06-19 | ęē”åę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Artificial medium, method for manufacturing the same, and antenna device |
US7539381B2 (en) | 2007-05-11 | 2009-05-26 | Corning Incorporated | Low bend loss coated optical fiber |
US20080280574A1 (en) | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-13 | Broadcom Corporation, A California Corporation | RF transmitter with adjustable antenna assembly |
US7933562B2 (en) | 2007-05-11 | 2011-04-26 | Broadcom Corporation | RF transceiver with adjustable antenna assembly |
US8251307B2 (en) | 2007-06-11 | 2012-08-28 | Honeywell International Inc. | Airborne manipulator system |
EP2156511A1 (en) | 2007-06-12 | 2010-02-24 | Thomson Licensing | Omnidirectional volumetric antenna |
KR20080109617A (en) | 2007-06-13 | 2008-12-17 | ķźµģ ģķµģ ģ°źµ¬ģ | Apparatus and method of data transmission and reception using multi-path |
US7954131B2 (en) | 2007-06-13 | 2011-05-31 | Time Warner Cable Inc. | Premises gateway apparatus and methods for use in a content-based network |
US20080310298A1 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2008-12-18 | Geir Andre Motzfeldt Drange | Providing Bypass Switches to Bypass Faulty Nodes |
US8233905B2 (en) | 2007-06-15 | 2012-07-31 | Silver Spring Networks, Inc. | Load management in wireless mesh communications networks |
US8264417B2 (en) | 2007-06-19 | 2012-09-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Aperture antenna with shaped dielectric loading |
CN101075702B (en) | 2007-06-19 | 2011-02-16 | äøåå¤§å¦ | Printing antenna with baseplate integrated waveguide feeder |
US8171146B2 (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2012-05-01 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Utilization of media capabilities in a mixed environment |
JP2009004986A (en) | 2007-06-20 | 2009-01-08 | Tokyo Fm Broadcasting Co Ltd | Transmitting antenna and ground broadcast retransmission system |
EP2163115A1 (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2010-03-17 | Interdigital Technology Corporation | Method and apparatus for resource management in handover operation |
US8132239B2 (en) | 2007-06-22 | 2012-03-06 | Informed Control Inc. | System and method for validating requests in an identity metasystem |
ES2330178B1 (en) | 2007-06-25 | 2010-08-30 | DiseƱo De Sistemas En Silicio, S.A. | SINGLE REPEATER OF A SINGLE PORT. |
US7876174B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2011-01-25 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line coupling device and method |
US7795994B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2010-09-14 | Current Technologies, Llc | Power line coupling device and method |
US8434120B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2013-04-30 | Thomson Licensing | System and method for grouping program identifiers into multicast groups |
US8010116B2 (en) | 2007-06-26 | 2011-08-30 | Lgc Wireless, Inc. | Distributed antenna communications system |
JP2009033710A (en) | 2007-06-28 | 2009-02-12 | Panasonic Corp | Differential transmission line connector |
CN101335883B (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2011-01-12 | å½é åäøęŗåØå ¬åø | Method and apparatus for processing video stream in digital video broadcast system |
CN201048157Y (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2008-04-16 | äøåå¤§å¦ | Printing antenna of substrate integrated waveguide feed |
EP2166613A4 (en) | 2007-07-05 | 2010-10-06 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Transmission line converter |
FR2918826B1 (en) | 2007-07-09 | 2009-10-02 | Excem Soc Par Actions Simplifi | PSEUDO-DIFFERENTIAL INTERFACE DEVICE WITH SWITCHING CIRCUIT |
EP2019531A1 (en) | 2007-07-27 | 2009-01-28 | Nokia Siemens Networks S.p.A. | Signaling mechanism for allowing asn to become aware of cmipv6 mobility binding status |
US8022885B2 (en) | 2007-08-02 | 2011-09-20 | Embarq Holdings Company, Llc | System and method for re-aligning antennas |
KR101421251B1 (en) | 2007-08-14 | 2014-07-18 | ķźµź³¼ķźø°ģ ģ | Apparatus and method for a cooperative relaying in wireless communication system with multiple antenna |
US8926509B2 (en) | 2007-08-24 | 2015-01-06 | Hmicro, Inc. | Wireless physiological sensor patches and systems |
CN101785276B (en) | 2007-08-27 | 2015-06-03 | Necę¬§ę“²ęéå ¬åø | Method and system for performing delegation of resources |
US8527107B2 (en) | 2007-08-28 | 2013-09-03 | Consert Inc. | Method and apparatus for effecting controlled restart of electrical servcie with a utility service area |
US7808441B2 (en) | 2007-08-30 | 2010-10-05 | Harris Corporation | Polyhedral antenna and associated methods |
US9112547B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2015-08-18 | Adc Telecommunications, Inc. | System for and method of configuring distributed antenna communications system |
US7937699B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2011-05-03 | Red Hat, Inc. | Unattended upgrade for a network appliance |
US8089952B2 (en) | 2007-08-31 | 2012-01-03 | Intelepeer, Inc. | Intelligent call routing |
US7782156B2 (en) | 2007-09-11 | 2010-08-24 | Viasat, Inc. | Low-loss interface |
US7812686B2 (en) | 2008-02-28 | 2010-10-12 | Viasat, Inc. | Adjustable low-loss interface |
US8649386B2 (en) | 2007-09-11 | 2014-02-11 | Prodea Systems, Inc | Multi-interface wireless adapter and network bridge |
KR100991667B1 (en) | 2007-09-12 | 2010-11-04 | ģģ“ģ¤ķ¼ķ ķ¬ėė”ģ§ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Receiving apparatus satellite signal and method for receiving satellite signal thereof |
US8970947B2 (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2015-03-03 | Imra America, Inc. | Auto-cladded multi-core optical fibers |
CN101809475B (en) | 2007-09-26 | 2013-04-24 | Imraē¾å½å ¬åø | Glass large-core optical fibers |
US20090085726A1 (en) | 2007-09-27 | 2009-04-02 | Radtke William O | Power Line Communications Coupling Device and Method |
CN101536254B (en) | 2007-10-02 | 2014-12-31 | č¾å°å å å ¬åø | Compact multi-element antenna with phase shift |
WO2009043964A1 (en) | 2007-10-03 | 2009-04-09 | Optoelectronics Research Centre, Tampere University Of Technology | Active optical fiber and method for fabricating an active optical fiber |
US7991877B2 (en) | 2007-10-05 | 2011-08-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Rogue router hunter |
US7899483B2 (en) | 2007-10-08 | 2011-03-01 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method and system for performing distributed outer loop power control in wireless communication networks |
KR100952976B1 (en) | 2007-10-15 | 2010-04-15 | ķźµģ ģķµģ ģ°źµ¬ģ | Antenna element and frequency reconfiguration array antenna using the antenna element |
DE102007049914B4 (en) | 2007-10-18 | 2020-06-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Antenna device for a motor vehicle |
WO2009054760A1 (en) | 2007-10-23 | 2009-04-30 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | A dual-band coupled vco |
WO2009055781A1 (en) | 2007-10-25 | 2009-04-30 | Utility.Net Inc. | Out-of-band management for broadband over powerline network |
US8094081B1 (en) | 2007-10-25 | 2012-01-10 | The Johns Hopkins University | Dual band radio frequency (RF) and optical communications antenna and terminal design methodology and implementation |
JP5064969B2 (en) | 2007-10-26 | 2012-10-31 | ćŖćŖć³ćć¹ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | connector |
US9383394B2 (en) | 2007-11-02 | 2016-07-05 | Cooper Technologies Company | Overhead communicating device |
US8594956B2 (en) | 2007-11-02 | 2013-11-26 | Cooper Technologies Company | Power line energy harvesting power supply |
EP2056562B1 (en) | 2007-11-02 | 2016-09-07 | Alcatel Lucent | Resilient service quality in a managed multimedia delivery network |
US7916081B2 (en) | 2007-12-19 | 2011-03-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Beamforming in MIMO systems |
JP2009124229A (en) | 2007-11-12 | 2009-06-04 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Radio transmission system and packet transmission terminal |
US20090129301A1 (en) | 2007-11-15 | 2009-05-21 | Nokia Corporation And Recordation | Configuring a user device to remotely access a private network |
TW200929974A (en) | 2007-11-19 | 2009-07-01 | Ibm | System and method for performing electronic transactions |
US8115622B2 (en) | 2007-11-29 | 2012-02-14 | Stolar, Inc. | Underground radio communications and personnel tracking system |
US7994999B2 (en) | 2007-11-30 | 2011-08-09 | Harada Industry Of America, Inc. | Microstrip antenna |
US20090201133A1 (en) | 2007-12-03 | 2009-08-13 | Skyetek, Inc. | Method For Enhancing Anti-Cloning Protection of RFID Tags |
US8687650B2 (en) | 2007-12-07 | 2014-04-01 | Nsgdatacom, Inc. | System, method, and computer program product for connecting or coupling analog audio tone based communications systems over a packet data network |
US8175649B2 (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2012-05-08 | Corning Mobileaccess Ltd | Method and system for real time control of an active antenna over a distributed antenna system |
KR100921797B1 (en) | 2007-12-18 | 2009-10-15 | ķźµģ ģķµģ ģ°źµ¬ģ | Wavelength Division Multiplexing - Passive Optical Network system |
US7992014B2 (en) | 2007-12-19 | 2011-08-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Administering power supplies in a data center |
CA2647578A1 (en) | 2007-12-20 | 2009-06-20 | Tollgrade Communications, Inc. | Power distribution monitoring system and method |
CN201138685Y (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2008-10-22 | ę·±å³åäøŗéäæ”ęęÆęéå ¬åø | Wireless terminal antenna |
JP5179513B2 (en) | 2007-12-28 | 2013-04-10 | äŗ¬ć»ć©ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | High-frequency transmission line connection structure, wiring board, high-frequency module, and radar device |
US20090171780A1 (en) | 2007-12-31 | 2009-07-02 | Verizon Data Services Inc. | Methods and system for a targeted advertisement management interface |
US20090175195A1 (en) | 2008-01-07 | 2009-07-09 | Commscope, Inc. North Carolina | Methods, systems and computer program products for using time domain reflectometry signatures to monitor network communication lines |
WO2009090602A1 (en) | 2008-01-15 | 2009-07-23 | Nxp B.V. | Rf device emitting an rf signal and method for operating an rf device |
US8793363B2 (en) | 2008-01-15 | 2014-07-29 | At&T Mobility Ii Llc | Systems and methods for real-time service assurance |
WO2009089608A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 | 2009-07-23 | Institut National D'optique | Multi-cladding fiber |
US7639201B2 (en) | 2008-01-17 | 2009-12-29 | University Of Massachusetts | Ultra wideband loop antenna |
FR2926680B1 (en) | 2008-01-18 | 2010-02-12 | Alcatel Lucent | REFLECTOR-SECONDARY OF A DOUBLE REFLECTOR ANTENNA |
US8077049B2 (en) | 2008-01-20 | 2011-12-13 | Current Technologies, Llc | Method and apparatus for communicating power distribution event and location |
CN201146495Y (en) | 2008-01-21 | 2008-11-05 | å°ę¬ē§ęč”份ęéå ¬åø | Integration type high-frequency communication equipment |
JP4722950B2 (en) | 2008-01-31 | 2011-07-13 | ć¤ććć³ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | wiring |
US8255090B2 (en) | 2008-02-01 | 2012-08-28 | Energyhub | System and method for home energy monitor and control |
GB2458258A (en) | 2008-02-04 | 2009-09-16 | Nec Corp | Method of controlling base station loading in a mobile communication system |
WO2009099170A1 (en) | 2008-02-08 | 2009-08-13 | Ntt Docomo, Inc. | Mobile communication method and radio base station |
US8213533B2 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2012-07-03 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Distributed antenna diversity transmission method |
DE102008008715A1 (en) | 2008-02-11 | 2009-08-13 | Krohne MeĆtechnik GmbH & Co KG | Dielectric antenna |
US8072386B2 (en) | 2008-02-25 | 2011-12-06 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Horn antenna, waveguide or apparatus including low index dielectric material |
CN101960550B (en) | 2008-02-25 | 2013-07-24 | AbbęęÆęéå ¬åø | Insulator integrated power supply |
WO2009107414A1 (en) | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-03 | å¤ę²³é»ę°å·„ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Optical transmission system and multi-core optical fiber |
US8175535B2 (en) | 2008-02-27 | 2012-05-08 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Active cancellation of transmitter leakage in a wireless transceiver |
WO2009111619A1 (en) | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-11 | Board Of Governors For Higher Education, State Of Rhode Island & The Providence Plantations | Systems and methods for providing directional radiation fields using distributed loaded monopole antennas |
US7830312B2 (en) | 2008-03-11 | 2010-11-09 | Intel Corporation | Wireless antenna array system architecture and methods to achieve 3D beam coverage |
US7773664B2 (en) | 2008-03-18 | 2010-08-10 | On-Ramp Wireless, Inc. | Random phase multiple access system with meshing |
DE102008015605A1 (en) | 2008-03-26 | 2009-10-08 | CCS Technology, Inc., Wilmington | Optical cable and method of making an optical cable |
US8761792B2 (en) | 2008-03-27 | 2014-06-24 | At&T Mobility Ii Llc | Management of preemptable communications resources |
US20090250449A1 (en) | 2008-04-02 | 2009-10-08 | The Trustees Of Dartmouth College | System And Method For Deicing Of Power Line Cables |
US20100169937A1 (en) | 2008-04-04 | 2010-07-01 | Peter Atwal | Wireless ad hoc networking for set top boxes |
KR20090106241A (en) | 2008-04-04 | 2009-10-08 | ģ£¼ģķģ¬ ģ¼ģ“ķ° | System and method for communication relaying in building using power line communication |
US8300640B2 (en) | 2008-04-18 | 2012-10-30 | Arris Group, Inc. | Multi-service PHY box |
US8509114B1 (en) | 2008-04-22 | 2013-08-13 | Avaya Inc. | Circuit emulation service over IP with dynamic bandwidth allocation |
US8457547B2 (en) | 2008-04-28 | 2013-06-04 | Cochlear Limited | Magnetic induction signal repeater |
US8212722B2 (en) | 2008-04-30 | 2012-07-03 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | System and method for discovering and tracking communication directions with asymmetric antenna systems |
US7916083B2 (en) | 2008-05-01 | 2011-03-29 | Emag Technologies, Inc. | Vertically integrated electronically steered phased array and method for packaging |
FR2930997B1 (en) | 2008-05-06 | 2010-08-13 | Draka Comteq France Sa | OPTICAL FIBER MONOMODE |
US9391874B2 (en) | 2008-05-12 | 2016-07-12 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Re-routing traffic in a communications network |
US8447236B2 (en) | 2008-05-15 | 2013-05-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Spatial interference mitigation schemes for wireless communication |
US8164531B2 (en) | 2008-05-20 | 2012-04-24 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Antenna array with metamaterial lens |
WO2009143461A2 (en) | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-26 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Downhole cable |
US7873249B2 (en) | 2008-05-27 | 2011-01-18 | Adc Telecommunications, Inc. | Foamed fiber optic cable |
US8156520B2 (en) | 2008-05-30 | 2012-04-10 | EchoStar Technologies, L.L.C. | Methods and apparatus for presenting substitute content in an audio/video stream using text data |
US8483720B2 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2013-07-09 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Smart/active RFID tag for use in a WPAN |
CN102057647B (en) | 2008-06-12 | 2014-07-02 | ē±ē«äæ”ēµčÆč”份ęéå ¬åø | Maintenance of overlay networks |
WO2010005733A1 (en) | 2008-06-16 | 2010-01-14 | Yonge Lawrence W | Managing coexistence among signaling protocols on a shared medium |
US7835600B1 (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2010-11-16 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Microwave receiver front-end assembly and array |
US20090315668A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 | 2009-12-24 | Light Corporation | Wiring topology for a building with a wireless network |
KR20110027791A (en) | 2008-06-20 | 2011-03-16 | ģ¤ėÆøķ ėŖØ ė² ģ“ķ“ė¦¬ķø ģ»“ķ¼ė ė¦¬ėÆøķ°ė | Film for optical waveguide, film for laminated optical waveguide, optical waveguide, optical waveguide assembly, optical wiring, optical/electrical hybrid board, and electronic device |
US20090325479A1 (en) | 2008-06-25 | 2009-12-31 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Relay antenna indexing for shared antenna communication |
WO2010001663A1 (en) | 2008-06-30 | 2010-01-07 | ę„ę¬é»äæ”é»č©±ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Optical fiber cable and optical fiber tape |
JP4858499B2 (en) | 2008-07-01 | 2012-01-18 | ć½ćć¼ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Laser light source apparatus and laser irradiation apparatus using the same |
FR2933828B1 (en) | 2008-07-08 | 2011-10-28 | Excem | MULTICANAL INTERFERENCE DEVICE WITH TERMINATION CIRCUIT |
US8536857B2 (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2013-09-17 | Tollgrade Communications, Inc. | Power line takeoff clamp assembly |
US8665102B2 (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2014-03-04 | Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories Inc | Transceiver interface for power system monitoring |
KR101521836B1 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2015-05-20 | ģź¹ė ė£ØģØķø | A method and device used in radio relay networks to re-construct the topology of networks |
WO2010016287A1 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2010-02-11 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ććøćÆć© | Ytterbium-doped optical fiber, fiber laser and fiber amplifier |
FR2934727B1 (en) | 2008-08-04 | 2010-08-13 | Excem | PSEUDO-DIFFERENTIAL TRANSMISSION METHOD USING MODAL ELECTRIC VARIABLES |
US20120153087A1 (en) | 2008-08-06 | 2012-06-21 | Honeywell International Inc. | Modular Pods for Use with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle |
US8451800B2 (en) | 2009-08-06 | 2013-05-28 | Movik Networks, Inc. | Session handover in mobile-network content-delivery devices |
US8232920B2 (en) | 2008-08-07 | 2012-07-31 | International Business Machines Corporation | Integrated millimeter wave antenna and transceiver on a substrate |
WO2010017549A1 (en) | 2008-08-08 | 2010-02-11 | Ranjan Pant | Reliable, long-haul data communications over power lines for meter reading and other communications services |
US8736502B1 (en) | 2008-08-08 | 2014-05-27 | Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. | Conformal wide band surface wave radiating element |
JP2010045471A (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2010-02-25 | I Cast:Kk | Low impedance loss line |
CN101373238B (en) | 2008-08-20 | 2010-09-08 | åÆééå¢ęéå ¬åø | Single-mode optical fiber with insensitive bending loss |
US8954548B2 (en) | 2008-08-27 | 2015-02-10 | At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. | Targeted caching to reduce bandwidth consumption |
CN101662076B (en) | 2008-08-28 | 2012-11-28 | é®ę ę | Millimeter-wave quasi-optical integrated dielectric lens antenna and array thereof |
EP2159933B1 (en) | 2008-08-28 | 2013-03-27 | Alcatel Lucent | Levelling amplifiers in a distributed antenna system |
CN201282193Y (en) | 2008-08-28 | 2009-07-29 | é®ę ę | Millimeter-wave quasi light integration dielectric lens antenna and array thereof |
JP5415728B2 (en) | 2008-08-29 | 2014-02-12 | å¤ę²³é»ę°å·„ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Multi-core holey fiber and optical transmission system |
JP2010062614A (en) | 2008-09-01 | 2010-03-18 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Voltage controlled oscillator, mmic, and high frequency radio apparatus |
US8095093B2 (en) * | 2008-09-03 | 2012-01-10 | Panasonic Corporation | Multi-mode transmitter having adaptive operating mode control |
US9000353B2 (en) | 2010-06-22 | 2015-04-07 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Light absorption and filtering properties of vertically oriented semiconductor nano wires |
US8179787B2 (en) | 2009-01-27 | 2012-05-15 | Smsc Holding S.A.R.L. | Fault tolerant network utilizing bi-directional point-to-point communications links between nodes |
FI122203B (en) | 2008-09-11 | 2011-10-14 | Raute Oyj | waveguide elements |
US8089404B2 (en) | 2008-09-11 | 2012-01-03 | Raytheon Company | Partitioned aperture array antenna |
EP2615690A3 (en) | 2008-09-15 | 2014-03-26 | VEGA Grieshaber KG | Construction kit for a fill state radar antenna |
US7956818B1 (en) | 2008-09-17 | 2011-06-07 | Hrl Laboratories, Llc | Leaky coaxial cable with high radiation efficiency |
US8090258B2 (en) | 2008-09-19 | 2012-01-03 | Tellabs Petaluma, Inc. | Method and apparatus for correcting faults in a passive optical network |
CA2737934C (en) | 2008-09-23 | 2017-05-16 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Fiber optic cables and assemblies for fiber toward the subscriber applications |
CN101686497B (en) | 2008-09-24 | 2013-04-17 | åäøŗęęÆęéå ¬åø | Cell load equalization method, and cell load evaluation method and device |
JP2010103982A (en) | 2008-09-25 | 2010-05-06 | Sony Corp | Millimeter wave transmission device, millimeter wave transmission method, and millimeter wave transmission system |
WO2010036890A1 (en) | 2008-09-26 | 2010-04-01 | Superior Modular Products Incorporated | Communications system ans apparatus for providing wireless communications within a building |
US20120091820A1 (en) | 2008-09-27 | 2012-04-19 | Campanella Andrew J | Wireless power transfer within a circuit breaker |
US8711857B2 (en) | 2008-09-30 | 2014-04-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dynamic facsimile transcoding in a unified messaging platform |
US8908502B2 (en) | 2008-10-03 | 2014-12-09 | Nec Corporation | Communication system, node device, communication method in the communication system, and program |
US8528059B1 (en) | 2008-10-06 | 2013-09-03 | Goldman, Sachs & Co. | Apparatuses, methods and systems for a secure resource access and placement platform |
EP2175522A1 (en) | 2008-10-13 | 2010-04-14 | Nederlandse Centrale Organisatie Voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek TNO | Substrate lens antenna device |
US8286209B2 (en) | 2008-10-21 | 2012-10-09 | John Mezzalingua Associates, Inc. | Multi-port entry adapter, hub and method for interfacing a CATV network and a MoCA network |
US8144052B2 (en) | 2008-10-15 | 2012-03-27 | California Institute Of Technology | Multi-pixel high-resolution three-dimensional imaging radar |
US8160064B2 (en) | 2008-10-22 | 2012-04-17 | Backchannelmedia Inc. | Systems and methods for providing a network link between broadcast content and content located on a computer network |
US8184059B2 (en) | 2008-10-24 | 2012-05-22 | Honeywell International Inc. | Systems and methods for powering a gimbal mounted device |
CN101730024B (en) | 2008-10-28 | 2012-07-04 | åäøŗęęÆęéå ¬åø | Method, system and device for network switch |
KR101552303B1 (en) | 2008-10-30 | 2015-09-11 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Communication system and method for transffering data therein |
US8102779B2 (en) | 2008-10-31 | 2012-01-24 | Howard University | System and method of detecting and locating intermittent electrical faults in electrical systems |
US8897635B2 (en) | 2008-10-31 | 2014-11-25 | Howard University | System and method of detecting and locating intermittent and other faults |
US8188855B2 (en) | 2008-11-06 | 2012-05-29 | Current Technologies International Gmbh | System, device and method for communicating over power lines |
MX2011004874A (en) | 2008-11-06 | 2011-11-01 | Southwire Co | Real-time power line rating. |
US9426213B2 (en) | 2008-11-11 | 2016-08-23 | At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. | Hybrid unicast/anycast content distribution network system |
JP4708470B2 (en) | 2008-11-12 | 2011-06-22 | ć·ć£ć¼ćę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Millimeter wave transmission / reception system |
WO2010055700A1 (en) | 2008-11-14 | 2010-05-20 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ććøćÆć© | Ytterbium-doped optical fiber, fiber laser and fiber amplifier |
US8414326B2 (en) | 2008-11-17 | 2013-04-09 | Rochester Institute Of Technology | Internal coaxial cable connector integrated circuit and method of use thereof |
US7970365B2 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2011-06-28 | Harris Corporation | Systems and methods for compensating for transmission phasing errors in a communications system using a receive signal |
US8324990B2 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2012-12-04 | Apollo Microwaves, Ltd. | Multi-component waveguide assembly |
US8561181B1 (en) | 2008-11-26 | 2013-10-15 | Symantec Corporation | Detecting man-in-the-middle attacks via security transitions |
US20100127848A1 (en) | 2008-11-27 | 2010-05-27 | Smt Research Ltd. | System, apparatus, method and sensors for monitoring structures |
US8258743B2 (en) | 2008-12-05 | 2012-09-04 | Lava Four, Llc | Sub-network load management for use in recharging vehicles equipped with electrically powered propulsion systems |
US9204181B2 (en) | 2008-12-12 | 2015-12-01 | Genband Us Llc | Content overlays in on-demand streaming applications |
US8743004B2 (en) | 2008-12-12 | 2014-06-03 | Dedi David HAZIZA | Integrated waveguide cavity antenna and reflector dish |
US8316228B2 (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2012-11-20 | L-3 Communications Corporation | Trusted bypass for secure communication |
US7813344B2 (en) | 2008-12-17 | 2010-10-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | End user circuit diversity auditing methods |
US8131266B2 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2012-03-06 | Alcatel Lucent | Short message service communication security |
KR101172892B1 (en) | 2008-12-18 | 2012-08-10 | ķźµģ ģķµģ ģ°źµ¬ģ | Method and equipment for controlling radiation direction of small sector antenna |
US8081854B2 (en) | 2008-12-19 | 2011-12-20 | Sehf-Korea Co., Ltd. | Low bend loss optical fiber |
US8111148B2 (en) | 2008-12-30 | 2012-02-07 | Parker Kevin L | Method and apparatus for bi-directional communication with a miniature circuit breaker |
US8129817B2 (en) | 2008-12-31 | 2012-03-06 | Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. | Reducing high-frequency signal loss in substrates |
US8555089B2 (en) | 2009-01-08 | 2013-10-08 | Panasonic Corporation | Program execution apparatus, control method, control program, and integrated circuit |
US8213401B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2012-07-03 | Adc Telecommunications, Inc. | Systems and methods for IP communication over a distributed antenna system transport |
JP5590803B2 (en) | 2009-01-13 | 2014-09-17 | ćć¤ćć³ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Communication apparatus and communication method |
CN102282488B (en) | 2009-01-19 | 2014-04-23 | ä½åēµę°å·„äøę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Multi-core optical fiber |
KR101355501B1 (en) | 2009-01-27 | 2014-01-28 | ģģ“ėģØ ķ ė ģ»¤ė®¤ėģ¼ģ“ģ ģ¤ ģøģ½ķ¬ė ģ“ķ°ė | Method and apparatus for digitally equalizing a signal in a distributed antenna system |
US8180917B1 (en) | 2009-01-28 | 2012-05-15 | Trend Micro, Inc. | Packet threshold-mix batching dispatcher to counter traffic analysis |
WO2010091004A1 (en) | 2009-02-03 | 2010-08-12 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Optical fiber-based distributed antenna systems, components, and related methods for calibration thereof |
US8427100B2 (en) | 2009-02-06 | 2013-04-23 | Broadcom Corporation | Increasing efficiency of wireless power transfer |
WO2010091341A2 (en) | 2009-02-06 | 2010-08-12 | Aware, Inc. | Determining communications characteristics of a network |
KR101692720B1 (en) | 2009-02-08 | 2017-01-04 | ģģ§ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Handover method and appratus |
WO2010089719A1 (en) | 2009-02-08 | 2010-08-12 | Mobileaccess Networks Ltd. | Communication system using cables carrying ethernet signals |
JP5187222B2 (en) | 2009-02-16 | 2013-04-24 | ę„ę¬é»ę°ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Antenna device, radome, and unnecessary radiation wave prevention method |
US8582941B2 (en) | 2009-02-16 | 2013-11-12 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Micromodule cables and breakout cables therefor |
US8421692B2 (en) | 2009-02-25 | 2013-04-16 | The Boeing Company | Transmitting power and data |
US8218929B2 (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2012-07-10 | Corning Incorporated | Large effective area low attenuation optical fiber |
US20110311231A1 (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2011-12-22 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Submersible vessel data communications system |
US8120488B2 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2012-02-21 | Rf Controls, Llc | Radio frequency environment object monitoring system and methods of use |
KR200450063Y1 (en) | 2009-03-10 | 2010-09-02 | ģ£¼ģķģ¬ ģ¼ģ“ģ ėėøģ | Apparatus for?antenna of mobile communication system |
EP2404347A4 (en) | 2009-03-03 | 2014-04-23 | Tyco Electronics Services Gmbh | Balanced metamaterial antenna device |
US7915980B2 (en) | 2009-03-03 | 2011-03-29 | Sony Corporation | Coax core insulator waveguide |
US9106617B2 (en) | 2009-03-10 | 2015-08-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods, systems and computer program products for authenticating computer processing devices and transferring both encrypted and unencrypted data therebetween |
US8384600B2 (en) | 2009-03-11 | 2013-02-26 | Tyco Electronics Services Gmbh | High gain metamaterial antenna device |
KR101587005B1 (en) | 2009-03-11 | 2016-02-02 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Apparatus and method for transmitting control information for interference mitigation in multiple antenna system |
US8812154B2 (en) | 2009-03-16 | 2014-08-19 | The Boeing Company | Autonomous inspection and maintenance |
US8112649B2 (en) | 2009-03-17 | 2012-02-07 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Energy optimization through intentional errors |
JP4672780B2 (en) | 2009-03-18 | 2011-04-20 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ę±č | Network monitoring apparatus and network monitoring method |
US8338991B2 (en) | 2009-03-20 | 2012-12-25 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Adaptive impedance tuning in wireless power transmission |
US20100243633A1 (en) | 2009-03-24 | 2010-09-30 | Tung Huynh | Power Line De-Icing Apparatus |
US8373095B2 (en) | 2009-03-24 | 2013-02-12 | Tung Minh Huynh | Power line de-icing apparatus |
US8514140B1 (en) | 2009-04-10 | 2013-08-20 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Dual-band antenna using high/low efficiency feed horn for optimal radiation patterns |
US8086174B2 (en) | 2009-04-10 | 2011-12-27 | Nextivity, Inc. | Short-range cellular booster |
WO2010120763A2 (en) | 2009-04-13 | 2010-10-21 | Viasat, Inc. | Dual-polarized, multi-band, full duplex, interleaved waveguide antenna aperture |
US8289083B2 (en) | 2009-04-13 | 2012-10-16 | Viasat, Inc. | Active power splitter |
US20120020431A1 (en) | 2009-04-16 | 2012-01-26 | Nec Corporation | Antenna device and multi-antenna system |
US8345650B2 (en) | 2009-04-17 | 2013-01-01 | Viasat, Inc. | Access node/gateway to access node/gateway layer-2 connectivity (end-to-end) |
WO2010127365A1 (en) | 2009-05-01 | 2010-11-04 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | Systems and methods for establishing a cloud bridge between virtual storage resources |
US8472868B2 (en) | 2009-05-06 | 2013-06-25 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Method and apparatus for MIMO repeater chains in a wireless communication network |
TWI397275B (en) | 2009-05-18 | 2013-05-21 | Inst Information Industry | Gain adjustment apparatus, method, and computer program product thereof for a multiple input multiple output wireless communication system |
US8385978B2 (en) | 2009-05-22 | 2013-02-26 | Fimax Technology Limited | Multi-function wireless apparatus |
US8582502B2 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2013-11-12 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Robust multipath routing |
FR2946466B1 (en) | 2009-06-04 | 2012-03-30 | Alcatel Lucent | SECONDARY REFLECTOR FOR A DOUBLE REFLECTOR ANTENNA |
US8077113B2 (en) | 2009-06-12 | 2011-12-13 | Andrew Llc | Radome and shroud enclosure for reflector antenna |
US8572661B2 (en) | 2009-06-17 | 2013-10-29 | Echostar Technologies L.L.C. | Satellite signal distribution |
GB0910662D0 (en) | 2009-06-19 | 2009-10-28 | Mbda Uk Ltd | Improvements in or relating to antennas |
JP5497348B2 (en) | 2009-06-22 | 2014-05-21 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ é»ē”ćØć³ćøćć¢ćŖć³ć° | Method of recovering hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid from hydrochloric acid-hydrofluoric acid mixed acid waste liquid, respectively |
EP2453584B1 (en) | 2009-06-29 | 2013-08-28 | Sigma Designs Israel S.D.I Ltd. | Power line communication method and apparatus |
US8427176B2 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2013-04-23 | Orthosensor Inc | Pulsed waveguide sensing device and method for measuring a parameter |
US8780012B2 (en) | 2009-06-30 | 2014-07-15 | California Institute Of Technology | Dielectric covered planar antennas |
US8515609B2 (en) | 2009-07-06 | 2013-08-20 | Honeywell International Inc. | Flight technical control management for an unmanned aerial vehicle |
US20150102972A1 (en) | 2009-07-13 | 2015-04-16 | Francesca Scire-Scappuzzo | Method and apparatus for high-performance compact volumetric antenna with pattern control |
BRPI1004907A2 (en) | 2009-07-22 | 2016-08-09 | Panasonic Coporation | main unit and subordinate unit |
US20110018704A1 (en) | 2009-07-24 | 2011-01-27 | Burrows Zachary M | System, Device and Method for Providing Power Line Communications |
US8587490B2 (en) | 2009-07-27 | 2013-11-19 | New Jersey Institute Of Technology | Localized wave generation via model decomposition of a pulse by a wave launcher |
US20130144750A1 (en) | 2009-07-28 | 2013-06-06 | Comcast Cable Communications, Llc | Content on demand edge cache recommendations |
US8516474B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2013-08-20 | Alcatel Lucent | Method and system for distributing an upgrade among nodes in a network |
US20110032143A1 (en) | 2009-08-05 | 2011-02-10 | Yulan Sun | Fixed User Terminal for Inclined Orbit Satellite Operation |
US8553646B2 (en) | 2009-08-10 | 2013-10-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Employing physical location geo-spatial co-ordinate of communication device as part of internet protocol |
US8966033B2 (en) | 2009-08-17 | 2015-02-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Integrated proximity routing for content distribution |
US8630582B2 (en) | 2009-09-02 | 2014-01-14 | Sony Corporation | Out-of-band radio link protocol and network architecture for a wireless network composed of wireless terminals with millimetre wave frequency range radio units |
US8415884B2 (en) | 2009-09-08 | 2013-04-09 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Stable surface wave plasma source |
US9079589B2 (en) * | 2009-09-09 | 2015-07-14 | General Electric Company | Control system and method for remotely isolating powered units in a vehicle system |
FR2957153B1 (en) | 2010-03-02 | 2012-08-10 | Draka Comteq France | MULTIMODE OPTICAL FIBER WITH BROAD BANDWIDTH AND LOW BENDBACK LOSSES |
US8907845B2 (en) | 2009-09-09 | 2014-12-09 | Bae Systems Plc | Antenna failure compensation |
FR2953605B1 (en) | 2009-12-03 | 2011-12-16 | Draka Comteq France | MULTIMODE OPTICAL FIBER WITH BROAD BANDWIDTH AND LOW BENDBACK LOSSES |
US8749449B2 (en) | 2009-09-14 | 2014-06-10 | Towerco Staffing, Inc. | Methods of modifying erect concealed antenna towers and associated modified towers and devices therefor |
DK2478591T3 (en) | 2009-09-16 | 2020-06-08 | Agence Spatiale Europeenne | APERIODIC AND NON-PLAN GROUP OF ELECTROMAGNETIC SPREADERS AND REFLECTION GROUP ANTENNA COMPREHENSIVE SAME |
TWI543209B (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2016-07-21 | Bundled soft circuit cable | |
US9281561B2 (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2016-03-08 | Kvh Industries, Inc. | Multi-band antenna system for satellite communications |
WO2011032605A1 (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2011-03-24 | Nokia Siemens Networks Oy | Method and device for processing data in a wireless network |
US8237617B1 (en) | 2009-09-21 | 2012-08-07 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Surface wave antenna mountable on existing conductive structures |
US20110068893A1 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2011-03-24 | International Business Machines Corporation | Rfid fingerprint creation and utilization |
KR101068667B1 (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2011-09-28 | ķźµź³¼ķźø°ģ ģ | Method and system for setting routing path considering hidden node and carrier sense interference, and recording medium thereof |
US8343145B2 (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2013-01-01 | Vivant Medical, Inc. | Microwave surface ablation using conical probe |
CN102035649B (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2013-08-21 | å½é åäøęŗåØå ¬åø | Authentication method and device |
GB2474037A (en) | 2009-10-01 | 2011-04-06 | Graeme David Gilbert | Smart Miniature Circuit Breaker |
AU2010101079A4 (en) | 2009-10-02 | 2010-11-11 | Johnson, Philip Ian | Domain Name Identifier and Directory |
GB0917705D0 (en) | 2009-10-09 | 2009-11-25 | Fastmetrics Ltd | Mobile radio antenna arrangement for a base station |
IL201360A (en) | 2009-10-11 | 2014-08-31 | Moshe Henig | Loads management and outages detection for smart grid |
US20110083399A1 (en) | 2009-10-13 | 2011-04-14 | Dish Network L.L.C. | Structures and methods for mounting an object |
JP5084808B2 (en) | 2009-10-14 | 2012-11-28 | äøč±é»ę©ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | CanapĆ© radome |
US8532272B2 (en) | 2009-10-21 | 2013-09-10 | Comcast Cable Communications, Llc | Service entry device |
US8811914B2 (en) | 2009-10-22 | 2014-08-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for dynamically processing an electromagnetic beam |
US10264029B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2019-04-16 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Methods and apparatus for packetized content delivery over a content delivery network |
US9070962B2 (en) | 2009-10-30 | 2015-06-30 | Nec Corporation | Surface communication device |
US9021251B2 (en) | 2009-11-02 | 2015-04-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods, systems, and computer program products for providing a virtual private gateway between user devices and various networks |
US9094419B2 (en) | 2009-11-10 | 2015-07-28 | Netgen Communications, Inc. | Real-time facsimile transmission over a packet network |
GB0919948D0 (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2009-12-30 | Sec Dep For Business Innovatio | Smart antenna |
US20110268085A1 (en) | 2009-11-19 | 2011-11-03 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Lte forward handover |
US8344829B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2013-01-01 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Technique for conveying a wireless-standard signal through a barrier |
US8253516B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2012-08-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Using an electric power cable as the vehicle for communicating an information-bearing signal through a barrier |
US8269583B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2012-09-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Using surface wave propagation to communicate an information-bearing signal through a barrier |
US8212635B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 | 2012-07-03 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Surface wave coupler |
US20110148578A1 (en) | 2009-12-09 | 2011-06-23 | Oakland University | Automotive direction finding system based on received power levels |
US8527758B2 (en) | 2009-12-09 | 2013-09-03 | Ebay Inc. | Systems and methods for facilitating user identity verification over a network |
KR100964990B1 (en) | 2009-12-10 | 2010-06-21 | ģģģ“ģ§ė„ģ¤ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Beam controller for apeture antenna, and apeture antenna therewith |
US9083083B2 (en) | 2009-12-11 | 2015-07-14 | Commscope Technologies Llc | Radome attachment band clamp |
US8259028B2 (en) | 2009-12-11 | 2012-09-04 | Andrew Llc | Reflector antenna radome attachment band clamp |
JP5323664B2 (en) | 2009-12-17 | 2013-10-23 | å¤ę²³é»ę°å·„ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Optical fiber core |
WO2011082145A2 (en) | 2010-01-04 | 2011-07-07 | Atheros Communications, Inc. | Transmit power control |
US8750870B2 (en) | 2010-01-08 | 2014-06-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for positioning of devices in a wireless network |
US8384247B2 (en) | 2010-01-13 | 2013-02-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Research Laboratories, Inc. | Wireless energy transfer to moving devices |
CN102130698B (en) | 2010-01-15 | 2014-04-16 | čµµå°ę | Echo detection and self-excitation elimination method for electromagnetic wave common-frequency amplifying repeater system |
JP5710209B2 (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2015-04-30 | ę±äŗ¬ćØć¬ćÆććć³ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Electromagnetic power feeding mechanism and microwave introduction mechanism |
CN201576751U (en) | 2010-01-18 | 2010-09-08 | åäøŗęęÆęéå ¬åø | Paraboloid antenna |
US9137485B2 (en) | 2010-01-21 | 2015-09-15 | Cadence Design Systems, Inc. | Home network architecture for delivering high-speed data services |
JP5519811B2 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2014-06-11 | ćØćć£ć½ć³ ć°ćć¼ćć« ćµć¼ćććļ¼ćØć«ćØć«ć·ć¼ | Circuit breaker panel |
US8537068B2 (en) | 2010-01-26 | 2013-09-17 | Raytheon Company | Method and apparatus for tri-band feed with pseudo-monopulse tracking |
JP5492015B2 (en) | 2010-02-03 | 2014-05-14 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ę„ē«č£½ä½ę | Low-frequency common leaky antenna, base station apparatus using the same, and short-range detection system |
US8159385B2 (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2012-04-17 | Sensis Corporation | Conductive line communication apparatus and conductive line radar system and method |
CN102317040A (en) | 2010-02-10 | 2012-01-11 | ēµåē ē©¶ęęéå ¬åø | Route inspecting robot and system |
EP2533949A1 (en) | 2010-02-10 | 2012-12-19 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Line inspection robot and system |
TWI425713B (en) | 2010-02-12 | 2014-02-01 | First Int Computer Inc | Three-band antenna device with resonance generation |
TR201906393T4 (en) | 2010-02-15 | 2019-05-21 | Bae Systems Plc | Antenna system. |
US9240293B2 (en) | 2010-02-22 | 2016-01-19 | Panoramic Power Ltd. | Circuit tracer |
US7903918B1 (en) | 2010-02-22 | 2011-03-08 | Corning Incorporated | Large numerical aperture bend resistant multimode optical fiber |
CN102170667B (en) | 2010-02-25 | 2013-02-27 | äøå “éč®Æč”份ęéå ¬åø | A method, a system and a base station device used for base station switching |
KR101605326B1 (en) | 2010-02-26 | 2016-04-01 | ģģ§ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | A method for transmitting a signal and a base station thereof, and a method for receiving a signal and a user equipment thereof |
US8984621B2 (en) | 2010-02-27 | 2015-03-17 | Novell, Inc. | Techniques for secure access management in virtual environments |
EP2363913A1 (en) | 2010-03-03 | 2011-09-07 | Astrium Limited | Waveguide |
US20110219402A1 (en) | 2010-03-05 | 2011-09-08 | Sony Corporation | Apparatus and method for replacing a broadcasted advertisement based on heuristic information |
KR101674958B1 (en) | 2010-03-05 | 2016-11-10 | ģģ§ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | The apparatus and method for controlling inter-cell interference |
WO2011111988A2 (en) | 2010-03-08 | 2011-09-15 | ģģ§ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Method and apparatus for controlling uplink transmission power |
US8792933B2 (en) | 2010-03-10 | 2014-07-29 | Fujitsu Limited | Method and apparatus for deploying a wireless network |
EP2618339A3 (en) | 2010-03-12 | 2013-10-30 | General Cable Technologies Corporation | Cable having insulation with micro oxide particles |
US8737793B2 (en) | 2010-03-16 | 2014-05-27 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Multi-core optical fiber and method of manufacturing the same |
JP2011199484A (en) | 2010-03-18 | 2011-10-06 | Sony Corp | Communication device |
ES2393890B1 (en) | 2010-03-22 | 2013-10-30 | Marvell Hispania, S.L. (Sociedad Unipersonal) | COMMUNICATION NODE IN VARIOUS MEANS OF TRANSMISSION. |
EP2551858B1 (en) | 2010-03-25 | 2018-08-15 | Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Foamed electrical wire and production method for same |
JP2011211435A (en) | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-20 | Kyocera Corp | Communication repeater |
EP2372971A1 (en) | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-05 | British Telecommunications Public Limited Company | Method and system for authenticating a point of access |
US8566906B2 (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2013-10-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Access control in data processing systems |
CN102208716A (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-05 | čµµé | Wide-angle irradiation feed source device with parasitic matched media and microwave antenna |
US9363761B2 (en) | 2010-04-05 | 2016-06-07 | Intel Corporation | System and method for performance enhancement in heterogeneous wireless access network employing band selective power management |
US9020555B2 (en) | 2010-04-05 | 2015-04-28 | Intel Corporation | System and method for performance enhancement in heterogeneous wireless access network employing distributed antenna system |
US8810404B2 (en) | 2010-04-08 | 2014-08-19 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | System and method for radio-frequency fingerprinting as a security layer in RFID devices |
US8615241B2 (en) | 2010-04-09 | 2013-12-24 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Methods and apparatus for facilitating robust forward handover in long term evolution (LTE) communication systems |
KR101441862B1 (en) | 2010-04-12 | 2014-09-23 | ķģ»“ ģøģ½ķ¬ė ģ“ķ°ė | Providing delimiters for low-overhead communication in a network |
KR101618127B1 (en) | 2010-04-22 | 2016-05-04 | ģģ§ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | method AND APPARATUS of transmitting and receiving signal in distributed antenna system |
KR101703864B1 (en) | 2010-04-29 | 2017-02-22 | ģģ§ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | A method and a base station for transmitting control information, and a method and a user equipment for receiving control information |
CA2797629C (en) | 2010-04-29 | 2017-02-28 | Christopher Briand Scherer | Networking cable tracer system |
CN102238573A (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-09 | äøå “éč®Æč”份ęéå ¬åø | Machine-to-machine/machine-to-man/man-to-machine (M2M) service structure and M2M service realization method |
FR2959611B1 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2012-06-08 | Thales Sa | COMPRISING RADIANT ELEMENT WITH RESONANT CAVITIES. |
US8682389B2 (en) | 2010-05-03 | 2014-03-25 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Methods and apparatus for positioning measurement in multi-antenna transmission systems |
CN102238668B (en) | 2010-05-07 | 2015-08-12 | åäŗ¬äøęéäæ”ęęÆē ē©¶ęéå ¬åø | A kind of method of being carried out X2 switching by gateway |
US20140355989A1 (en) | 2010-05-17 | 2014-12-04 | Cox Communications, Inc. | Systems and methods for providing broadband communication |
JP5375738B2 (en) | 2010-05-18 | 2013-12-25 | ć½ćć¼ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Signal transmission system |
EP2572324A4 (en) | 2010-05-21 | 2015-11-04 | Commw Scient Ind Res Org | Energy service delivery platform |
US8373589B2 (en) | 2010-05-26 | 2013-02-12 | Detect, Inc. | Rotational parabolic antenna with various feed configurations |
US8373612B2 (en) | 2010-06-03 | 2013-02-12 | Qwest Communications International Inc. | Antenna installation apparatus and method |
KR101419420B1 (en) | 2010-06-03 | 2014-08-13 | ė øķ¤ģ ģė£Øģ ģ¤ ģ¤ė ė¤ķøģģ¤ ģ¤ģģ“ | Base station calibration |
WO2011155938A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 | 2011-12-15 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Radio channel metrics for secure wireless network pairing |
US8539540B2 (en) | 2010-06-15 | 2013-09-17 | Cable Television Laboratories, Inc. | Interactive advertising monitoring system |
US8578486B2 (en) | 2010-06-18 | 2013-11-05 | Microsoft Corporation | Encrypted network traffic interception and inspection |
US8604999B2 (en) | 2010-06-21 | 2013-12-10 | Public Wireless, Inc. | Strand mountable antenna enclosure for wireless communication access system |
RU2542719C2 (en) | 2010-06-23 | 2015-02-27 | 3Š ŠŠ½Š½Š¾Š²ŠµŠ¹ŃŠøŠ² ŠŃŠ¾ŠæŠµŃŃŠøŠ· ŠŠ¾Š¼ŠæŠ°Š½Šø | Multichannel cable networks for radio frequency signal distribution |
CN103080796B (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2016-04-27 | Nktå åå¦ęéå ¬åø | The single-mode fiber of large core area |
US8484511B2 (en) | 2010-07-01 | 2013-07-09 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Apparatus and methods for data collection, analysis and validation including error correction in a content delivery network |
US9103864B2 (en) | 2010-07-06 | 2015-08-11 | University Of South Carolina | Non-intrusive cable fault detection and methods |
US20140126914A1 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2014-05-08 | Corning Cable Systems Llc | Optical fiber-based distributed radio frequency (rf) antenna systems supporting multiple-input, multiple-output (mimo) configurations, and related components and methods |
WO2012007831A2 (en) | 2010-07-16 | 2012-01-19 | Levelation | Circuit breaker with integral meter and wireless communications |
RU2432647C1 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2011-10-27 | Š¤ŠµŠ“ŠµŃŠ°Š»ŃŠ½Š¾Šµ Š³Š¾ŃŃŠ“Š°ŃŃŃŠ²ŠµŠ½Š½Š¾Šµ ŃŠ½ŠøŃŠ°ŃŠ½Š¾Šµ ŠæŃŠµŠ“ŠæŃŠøŃŃŠøŠµ "ŠŠ±Š½ŠøŠ½ŃŠŗŠ¾Šµ Š½Š°ŃŃŠ½Š¾-ŠæŃŠ¾ŠøŠ·Š²Š¾Š“ŃŃŠ²ŠµŠ½Š½Š¾Šµ ŠæŃŠµŠ“ŠæŃŠøŃŃŠøŠµ "Š¢ŠµŃ Š½Š¾Š»Š¾Š³ŠøŃ" | Antenna dome |
US8738318B2 (en) | 2010-08-02 | 2014-05-27 | Lindsey Manufacturing Company | Dynamic electric power line monitoring system |
EP2603803A1 (en) | 2010-08-10 | 2013-06-19 | Cooper Technologies Company | Apparatus and method for mounting an overhead monitoring device |
WO2012021751A2 (en) | 2010-08-11 | 2012-02-16 | Kaonetics Technologies, Inc. | Improved omni-directional antenna system for wireless communication |
KR101445990B1 (en) | 2010-08-27 | 2014-09-29 | ģøķ ģ½ķ¬ė ģ“ģ | Techniques for augmenting a digital on-screen graphic |
WO2012025158A1 (en) | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-01 | Nokia Siemens Networks Oy | Handover of connection of user equipment |
CN101958461B (en) | 2010-09-07 | 2013-11-20 | äŗ¬äæ”éäæ”ē³»ē»ļ¼äøå½ļ¼ęéå ¬åø | Microwave antenna and outer cover thereof |
CN101931468B (en) | 2010-09-23 | 2013-06-12 | ę¦ę±č¹äæ”éäæ”ęęÆęéč“£ä»»å ¬åø | Access system and method for transmitting Ethernet signal and mobile communication signal |
WO2012038816A1 (en) | 2010-09-25 | 2012-03-29 | Cavera Systems (India) Pvt. Ltd. | System and method for providing simultaneous ip and non-ip based communication services using passive optical networks |
KR20120032777A (en) | 2010-09-29 | 2012-04-06 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Method and apparatus for determining downlink beamforming vectors in hierarchical cell communication system |
US8706026B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2014-04-22 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | System and method for distributed power control in a communications system |
US8588840B2 (en) | 2010-09-30 | 2013-11-19 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | System and method for distributed power control in a communications system |
US8996728B2 (en) | 2010-10-01 | 2015-03-31 | Telcordia Technologies, Inc. | Obfuscating network traffic from previously collected network traffic |
US20120084807A1 (en) | 2010-10-04 | 2012-04-05 | Mark Thompson | System and Method for Integrating Interactive Advertising Into Real Time Video Content |
US8505057B2 (en) | 2010-10-05 | 2013-08-06 | Concurrent Computers | Demand-based edge caching video content system and method |
JP2012089997A (en) | 2010-10-18 | 2012-05-10 | Sony Corp | Signal transmission device, electronic apparatus, and signal transmission method |
US20120092161A1 (en) | 2010-10-18 | 2012-04-19 | Smartwatch, Inc. | Systems and methods for notifying proximal community members of an emergency or event |
CN102136934B (en) | 2010-10-21 | 2015-01-21 | åäøŗęęÆęéå ¬åø | Method, device and network system for realizing remote upgrading of Zigbee equipment |
CA2814529A1 (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2012-04-26 | Tollgrade Communications, Inc. | Integrated ethernet over coaxial cable, stb, and physical layer test and monitoring |
JP2012090242A (en) | 2010-10-22 | 2012-05-10 | Dx Antenna Co Ltd | Lens antenna |
US8750862B2 (en) | 2010-10-26 | 2014-06-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Performance diagnosis of wireless equipment and a wireless network over out-of-band communication |
US20120102568A1 (en) | 2010-10-26 | 2012-04-26 | Mcafee, Inc. | System and method for malware alerting based on analysis of historical network and process activity |
WO2012057663A1 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2012-05-03 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Method and apparatus for uplink transmit power adjustment |
US20120105246A1 (en) | 2010-10-29 | 2012-05-03 | General Electric Company | Contactless underwater communication device |
US8863165B2 (en) | 2010-11-01 | 2014-10-14 | Gracenote, Inc. | Method and system for presenting additional content at a media system |
US20130179931A1 (en) | 2010-11-02 | 2013-07-11 | Daniel Osorio | Processing, storing, and delivering digital content |
US9871293B2 (en) | 2010-11-03 | 2018-01-16 | The Boeing Company | Two-dimensionally electronically-steerable artificial impedance surface antenna |
US20120106653A1 (en) | 2010-11-03 | 2012-05-03 | Broadcom Corporation | Multimedia processing within a vehicular communication network |
GB2485355B (en) | 2010-11-09 | 2013-06-05 | Motorola Solutions Inc | Compatible channel for efficient coexistence of voice and dat traffic |
KR101750369B1 (en) | 2010-11-18 | 2017-06-23 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Apparatus and method for controlling uplink power in mobile communication system with distributed antennas |
US8918108B2 (en) | 2010-11-19 | 2014-12-23 | Taqua Wbh, Llc | Methods and systems for frequency reuse in multi-cell deployment model of a wireless backhaul network |
US20120144420A1 (en) | 2010-12-07 | 2012-06-07 | General Instrument Corporation | Targeted advertisement distribution in an sdv environment |
IL209960A0 (en) | 2010-12-13 | 2011-02-28 | Comitari Technologies Ltd | Web element spoofing prevention system and method |
US20120154239A1 (en) | 2010-12-15 | 2012-06-21 | Bridgewave Communications, Inc. | Millimeter wave radio assembly with a compact antenna |
US9987506B2 (en) | 2010-12-15 | 2018-06-05 | Robert Marcus | UAVāor personal flying deviceādelivered deployable descent device |
EP2469654B1 (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2014-08-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Horn antenna for a radar device |
US8374821B2 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2013-02-12 | Utility Risk Management Corporation, Llc | Thermal powerline rating and clearance analysis using thermal imaging technology |
EP2656515B1 (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2015-02-18 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (PUBL) | Otdr trace analysis in pon systems |
US9185004B2 (en) | 2010-12-29 | 2015-11-10 | Comcast Cable Communications, Llc | Quality of service for distribution of content to network devices |
US8994473B2 (en) | 2010-12-30 | 2015-03-31 | Orbit Communication Ltd. | Multi-band feed assembly for linear and circular polarization |
US8786284B2 (en) | 2011-01-11 | 2014-07-22 | Bridge12 Technologies, Inc. | Integrated high-frequency generator system utilizing the magnetic field of the target application |
CN102136634B (en) | 2011-01-12 | 2014-06-25 | ēµåē§ęå¤§å¦ | Ku/Ka frequency band circularly polarization integrated receiving and transmitting feed source antenna |
WO2012095658A1 (en) | 2011-01-14 | 2012-07-19 | Bae Systems Plc | Data transfer system and method thereof |
US8503845B2 (en) | 2011-01-17 | 2013-08-06 | Alcatel Lucent | Multi-core optical fiber and optical communication systems |
KR101060584B1 (en) | 2011-01-17 | 2011-08-31 | ģ£¼ģķģ¬ ģ ė¦¬ķ ķ¬ | Repeater expansion system |
US20120181258A1 (en) | 2011-01-19 | 2012-07-19 | Xuekang Shan | Apparatus and methods for transmission line based electric fence insulation |
US9397380B2 (en) | 2011-01-28 | 2016-07-19 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Guided wave applicator with non-gaseous dielectric for plasma chamber |
US20130306351A1 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2013-11-21 | Ineos Manufacturing Belgium Nv | Insulated electric cable |
US8743716B2 (en) | 2011-02-04 | 2014-06-03 | General Electric Company | Systems, methods, and apparatus for identifying invalid nodes within a mesh network |
US8612550B2 (en) | 2011-02-07 | 2013-12-17 | Microsoft Corporation | Proxy-based cache content distribution and affinity |
US8970438B2 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2015-03-03 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Method of providing an antenna mast and an antenna mast system |
US9806425B2 (en) | 2011-02-11 | 2017-10-31 | AMI Research & Development, LLC | High performance low profile antennas |
KR101920934B1 (en) | 2011-02-15 | 2018-11-22 | ģģģ¤ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Bend-insensitive optical fiber having thin coating diameter and optical cable including the same |
KR20120094239A (en) | 2011-02-16 | 2012-08-24 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Method and apparatus for controling uplink power in a wireless communication system |
JP2012186796A (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2012-09-27 | Sony Corp | Signal transmission device and electronic apparatus |
WO2012115445A2 (en) | 2011-02-22 | 2012-08-30 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | User equipment and power control method for random access |
US8767071B1 (en) | 2011-03-03 | 2014-07-01 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | High voltage power line multi-sensor system |
US8958703B2 (en) | 2011-03-04 | 2015-02-17 | Alcatel Lucent | Multipath channel for optical subcarrier modulation |
US8763097B2 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2014-06-24 | Piyush Bhatnagar | System, design and process for strong authentication using bidirectional OTP and out-of-band multichannel authentication |
US20140225805A1 (en) | 2011-03-15 | 2014-08-14 | Helen K. Pan | Conformal phased array antenna with integrated transceiver |
US8878726B2 (en) | 2011-03-16 | 2014-11-04 | Exelis Inc. | System and method for three-dimensional geolocation of emitters based on energy measurements |
US8952678B2 (en) | 2011-03-22 | 2015-02-10 | Kirk S. Giboney | Gap-mode waveguide |
JP2012205104A (en) | 2011-03-25 | 2012-10-22 | Dx Antenna Co Ltd | Lens antenna |
US9379826B2 (en) | 2011-03-30 | 2016-06-28 | Intel Deutschland Gmbh | Calibration of a transmitter with internal power measurement |
US8693580B2 (en) | 2011-03-30 | 2014-04-08 | Landis+Gyr Technologies, Llc | Grid event detection |
EP2677440A4 (en) | 2011-03-30 | 2014-08-06 | Kt Corp | Method and apparatus for separating in order to upgrade software remotely in m2m communication |
US9046342B2 (en) | 2011-04-01 | 2015-06-02 | Habsonic, Llc | Coaxial cable Bragg grating sensor |
US8797207B2 (en) | 2011-04-18 | 2014-08-05 | Vega Grieshaber Kg | Filling level measuring device antenna cover |
US8599759B2 (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2013-12-03 | Cooper Technologies Company | Multi-path radio transmission input/output devices, network, systems and methods with on demand, prioritized routing protocol |
US9265078B2 (en) | 2011-05-02 | 2016-02-16 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method for performing device-to-device communication in wireless access system and apparatus therefor |
KR101261320B1 (en) | 2011-05-03 | 2013-05-07 | ģģ°ģ“ģģ“ģ¹ģķģ½ė¦¬ģ (ģ£¼) | Optical electrical hybrid cable |
US8812050B1 (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2014-08-19 | Time Warner Cable Enterprises Llc | Handoff management in a multi-layer wireless network |
US9544334B2 (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2017-01-10 | Alcatel Lucent | Policy routing-based lawful interception in communication system with end-to-end encryption |
CN102280704B (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2015-05-20 | å¹æäøåēŗ¬éäæ”ē§ęęéå ¬åø | Circular polarized antenna with wide wave beam width and small size |
EP2710695A4 (en) | 2011-05-16 | 2015-07-15 | VerLASE TECHNOLOGIES LLC | Resonator-enhanced optoelectronic devices and methods of making same |
WO2012161612A1 (en) | 2011-05-23 | 2012-11-29 | Autonomous Non-Commercial Organization "Research Institute "Sitronics Labs"" | Electronically beam steerable antenna device |
CN202093126U (en) | 2011-05-25 | 2011-12-28 | ē ęµ·åč½ē§äøę©ēµę°ē§ęęéå ¬åø | Overhead electric power line fault real-time monitoring system |
US9494341B2 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2016-11-15 | Solarcity Corporation | Solar tracking system employing multiple mobile robots |
CN102280709A (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2011-12-14 | äŗ¬äæ”éäæ”ē³»ē»ļ¼äøå½ļ¼ęéå ¬åø | Outer cover of broadband shaped antenna and microwave antenna |
US8615190B2 (en) | 2011-05-31 | 2013-12-24 | Exelis Inc. | System and method for allocating jamming energy based on three-dimensional geolocation of emitters |
US8653906B2 (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2014-02-18 | Optim Microwave, Inc. | Opposed port ortho-mode transducer with ridged branch waveguide |
US9372214B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2016-06-21 | Cascade Microtech, Inc. | High frequency interconnect structures, electronic assemblies that utilize high frequency interconnect structures, and methods of operating the same |
US10176518B2 (en) | 2011-06-06 | 2019-01-08 | Versata Development Group, Inc. | Virtual salesperson system and method |
US9405499B2 (en) | 2011-06-07 | 2016-08-02 | Clearcube Technology, Inc. | Zero client device with integrated wireless capability |
CN103828259B (en) | 2011-06-13 | 2018-03-09 | Adcéæéēµč®Æęéå ¬åø | Distributing antenna system framework |
WO2012172565A1 (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2012-12-20 | Indian Space Research Organisation | Wideband waveguide turnstile junction based microwave coupler and monopulse tracking feed system |
US20120324018A1 (en) | 2011-06-16 | 2012-12-20 | Yahoo! Inc. | Systems and methods for location based social network |
US9568587B2 (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2017-02-14 | Bae Systems Plc | Tracking algorithm |
US9003492B2 (en) | 2011-06-21 | 2015-04-07 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Secure client authentication and service authorization in a shared communication network |
CN102351415A (en) | 2011-06-22 | 2012-02-15 | ę¦ę±ē½ē«éå ē§ęęéå ¬åø | Manufacture method for polarization maintaining fiber and polarization maintaining fiber |
US10108980B2 (en) | 2011-06-24 | 2018-10-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for targeted advertising |
US8810468B2 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2014-08-19 | Raytheon Company | Beam shaping of RF feed energy for reflector-based antennas |
US8867226B2 (en) | 2011-06-27 | 2014-10-21 | Raytheon Company | Monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMICs) having conductor-backed coplanar waveguides and method of designing such MMICs |
CN102193142B (en) | 2011-06-28 | 2013-06-26 | éæé£å ēŗ¤å ē¼ęéå ¬åø | Bending-resistant large core high numerical aperture multimode fiber |
US8483291B2 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2013-07-09 | Broadcom Corporation | Analog to digital converter with increased sub-range resolution |
US20130002409A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-03 | Broadcom Corporation | Powerline communication device with adaptable interface |
US8769622B2 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2014-07-01 | International Business Machines Corporation | Authentication and authorization methods for cloud computing security |
US8917148B2 (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2014-12-23 | Yes Way Enterprise Corporation | Transmission unit with reduced crosstalk signal |
US9088074B2 (en) | 2011-07-14 | 2015-07-21 | Nuvotronics, Llc | Hollow core coaxial cables and methods of making the same |
US8819264B2 (en) | 2011-07-18 | 2014-08-26 | Verizon Patent And Licensing Inc. | Systems and methods for dynamically switching between unicast and multicast delivery of media content in a wireless network |
US8977268B2 (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2015-03-10 | Alcatel Lucent | Methods and systems for controlling handovers in a co-channel network |
US8712711B2 (en) | 2011-07-21 | 2014-04-29 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Identification of electrical grid phase information for end-points in a grid network |
WO2013013465A1 (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-31 | ę·±å³å åÆé«ēēå·„ē ē©¶é¢ | Cassegrain radar antenna |
US8723730B2 (en) | 2011-07-27 | 2014-05-13 | Exelis Inc. | System and method for direction finding and geolocation of emitters based on line-of-bearing intersections |
US8938255B2 (en) | 2011-08-01 | 2015-01-20 | Aeroscout, Ltd | Devices, methods, and systems for radio map generation |
US8683502B2 (en) | 2011-08-03 | 2014-03-25 | Intent IQ, LLC | Targeted television advertising based on profiles linked to multiple online devices |
AU2014200748A1 (en) | 2011-08-04 | 2014-03-06 | Michael Bank | A single-wire electric system |
GB2496833A (en) | 2011-08-04 | 2013-05-29 | Phoenix Photonics Ltd | Mode-selective launching and detecting in an optical waveguide |
SG2014010177A (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2014-04-28 | Aviat Networks Inc | Systems and methods of antenna orientation in a point-to-point wireless network |
US8422540B1 (en) | 2012-06-21 | 2013-04-16 | CBF Networks, Inc. | Intelligent backhaul radio with zero division duplexing |
WO2013025051A2 (en) | 2011-08-17 | 2013-02-21 | ģģ§ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Method and apparatus for inter-cell interference coordination for transmission point group |
US8467363B2 (en) | 2011-08-17 | 2013-06-18 | CBF Networks, Inc. | Intelligent backhaul radio and antenna system |
US8699461B2 (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2014-04-15 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Optimized home evolved NodeB (eNB) handover in an LTE network |
US8957818B2 (en) | 2011-08-22 | 2015-02-17 | Victory Microwave Corporation | Circularly polarized waveguide slot array |
US9143084B2 (en) | 2011-08-25 | 2015-09-22 | California Institute Of Technology | On-chip power-combining for high-power schottky diode based frequency multipliers |
SG188012A1 (en) | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-28 | Sony Corp | An on pcb dielectric waveguide |
US8810251B2 (en) | 2011-08-31 | 2014-08-19 | General Electric Company | Systems, methods, and apparatus for locating faults on an electrical distribution network |
GB2494435B (en) | 2011-09-08 | 2018-10-03 | Roke Manor Res Limited | Apparatus for the transmission of electromagnetic waves |
WO2013035110A2 (en) | 2011-09-09 | 2013-03-14 | Enersys Astra Limited | System and method for monitoring and restoring a fault occurring in an electric transmission and distribution network |
US9019164B2 (en) | 2011-09-12 | 2015-04-28 | Andrew Llc | Low sidelobe reflector antenna with shield |
US20130064178A1 (en) | 2011-09-13 | 2013-03-14 | Adishesha CS | System For Monitoring Electrical Power Distribution Lines In A Power Grid Using A Wireless Sensor Network |
US8629811B2 (en) | 2011-09-15 | 2014-01-14 | The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. | Dual band electrically small tunable antenna |
FR2980277B1 (en) | 2011-09-20 | 2013-10-11 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | HIGH-HEAD MICROSTRUCTURE OPTIC FIBER WITH BASIC FIXED MODE, AND METHOD FOR DESIGNING THE SAME, APPLICATION TO LASER MICROFABRICATION |
US9893773B2 (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2018-02-13 | Provenance Asset Group Llc | System and method of wireless communication using large-scale antenna networks |
US8856530B2 (en) | 2011-09-21 | 2014-10-07 | Onyx Privacy, Inc. | Data storage incorporating cryptographically enhanced data protection |
KR20130033869A (en) | 2011-09-27 | 2013-04-04 | ģ¼ģ±ģ źø°ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Method and system for association between controller and device in home network |
US9965614B2 (en) | 2011-09-29 | 2018-05-08 | Oracle International Corporation | Mobile application, resource management advice |
US20130095875A1 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2013-04-18 | Rami Reuven | Antenna selection based on orientation, and related apparatuses, antenna units, methods, and distributed antenna systems |
JP2013080126A (en) | 2011-10-04 | 2013-05-02 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Polarization-maintaining multi-core optical fiber |
US9048929B2 (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2015-06-02 | Tyco Electronics Corporation | Broadband radio frequency data communication system using twisted pair wiring |
US9256735B2 (en) | 2011-10-10 | 2016-02-09 | Masergy Communications, Inc. | Detecting emergent behavior in communications networks |
CN202253536U (en) | 2011-10-18 | 2012-05-30 | ęę¬å¾· | Street lamp post with wireless router |
WO2013058673A1 (en) | 2011-10-20 | 2013-04-25 | Limited Liability Company "Radio Gigabit" | System and method of relay communication with electronic beam adjustment |
EP2584652B1 (en) | 2011-10-21 | 2013-12-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Horn antenna for a radar device |
US8160825B1 (en) | 2011-10-26 | 2012-04-17 | Roe Jr George Samuel | Process for remote grounding, transmission sensing, and temperature monitoring device |
KR101583171B1 (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2016-01-07 | ģģ§ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Method and apparatus for measuring interference in wireless communication system |
WO2013066315A1 (en) | 2011-11-01 | 2013-05-10 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Cable with optical fiber for prestressed concrete |
JPWO2013069755A1 (en) | 2011-11-09 | 2015-04-02 | ę±äŗ¬ē¹ę®é»ē·ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | High-speed signal transmission cable |
US8515383B2 (en) | 2011-11-10 | 2013-08-20 | General Electric Company | Utility powered communications gateway |
US20130124365A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 | 2013-05-16 | Anantha Pradeep | Dynamic merchandising connection system |
US8925079B2 (en) | 2011-11-14 | 2014-12-30 | Telcordia Technologies, Inc. | Method, apparatus and program for detecting spoofed network traffic |
JP2013106322A (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-30 | Panasonic Corp | Radio communication device and radio communication system including the same |
KR101318575B1 (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2013-10-16 | ģ£¼ģķģ¬ ķ¬ķ | Mobile terminal having antenna for tunning resonance frequency band and operating method there of |
CN103117118A (en) | 2011-11-16 | 2013-05-22 | ę²é³åč¾¾ęęÆäŗ¤ęåøåŗęéå ¬åø | Carbon fiber anti-corrosion tensile movable electric cable |
JP5789492B2 (en) | 2011-11-18 | 2015-10-07 | ę°ę„ę¬ē”ē·ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Microwave antenna |
GB201120121D0 (en) | 2011-11-22 | 2012-01-04 | Wfs Technologies Ltd | Improvements in or relating to wireless data recovery |
US9325074B2 (en) | 2011-11-23 | 2016-04-26 | Raytheon Company | Coaxial waveguide antenna |
BR112014013645A2 (en) | 2011-12-05 | 2017-06-13 | Adaptive Spectrum & Signal Alignment Inc | systems and methods for load balancing across multiple wan return transport channels and multiple distinct lan networks |
KR101807700B1 (en) | 2011-12-09 | 2017-12-14 | ķźµģ ģķµģ ģ°źµ¬ģ | Authentication method and apparatus for detection and prevention of source spoofing packets |
BR112014013646A2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2017-07-04 | Thomson Licensing | system and method for inserting local content into satellite broadcast programs and electronic program guide (epg) into a network |
CN104137429A (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2014-11-05 | éåŗę§é¢č°±åäæ”å·ę ”ę£č”份ęéå ¬åø | Method and apparatus for reducing the power of a signal electromagnetically coupled from a plc medium to a dsl medium |
KR101280910B1 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2013-07-02 | ķźµģ ģķµģ ģ°źµ¬ģ | Two-stage intrusion detection system for high speed packet process using network processor and method thereof |
CN103163881A (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2013-06-19 | å½å®¶ēµē½å ¬åø | Power transmission line inspection system based on fixed-wing unmanned aerial vehicle |
US9293798B2 (en) | 2011-12-19 | 2016-03-22 | Intel Corporation | Crosstalk cancellation and/or reduction |
US9099787B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2015-08-04 | Sony Corporation | Microwave antenna including an antenna array including a plurality of antenna elements |
US9166290B2 (en) | 2011-12-21 | 2015-10-20 | Sony Corporation | Dual-polarized optically controlled microwave antenna |
US8901916B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2014-12-02 | Lenovo Enterprise Solutions (Singapore) Pte. Ltd. | Detecting malicious hardware by measuring radio frequency emissions |
US10038927B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2018-07-31 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Out-of-band signaling and device-based content control |
US9628585B2 (en) | 2011-12-27 | 2017-04-18 | Intel Corporation | Systems and methods for cross-layer secure connection set up |
TWI496346B (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2015-08-11 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Dielectric antenna and antenna module |
US9229036B2 (en) | 2012-01-03 | 2016-01-05 | Sentient Energy, Inc. | Energy harvest split core design elements for ease of installation, high performance, and long term reliability |
US9182429B2 (en) | 2012-01-04 | 2015-11-10 | Sentient Energy, Inc. | Distribution line clamp force using DC bias on coil |
JP5778047B2 (en) | 2012-01-18 | 2015-09-16 | ć«ććµć¹ćØć¬ćÆććććÆć¹ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Semiconductor integrated circuit and operation method thereof |
JP5916525B2 (en) | 2012-01-19 | 2016-05-11 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ććøćÆć© | Multi-core fiber |
US8839350B1 (en) | 2012-01-25 | 2014-09-16 | Symantec Corporation | Sending out-of-band notifications |
FR2986376B1 (en) | 2012-01-31 | 2014-10-31 | Alcatel Lucent | SECONDARY REFLECTOR OF DOUBLE REFLECTOR ANTENNA |
EP2810112A4 (en) | 2012-01-31 | 2015-10-14 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Apparatus for use in optoelectronics |
WO2013115802A1 (en) | 2012-01-31 | 2013-08-08 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Zig zag routing |
PL2812457T3 (en) | 2012-02-06 | 2021-11-29 | Nv Bekaert Sa | Method for making a non-magnetic stainless steel wire and an armouring wire for power cables |
EP2816678B1 (en) | 2012-02-14 | 2018-10-31 | Nec Corporation | Relay device, and excitation light supply device and excitation light supply method therefor |
WO2013123445A1 (en) | 2012-02-17 | 2013-08-22 | Interdigital Patent Holdings, Inc. | Smart internet of things services |
DE102012003398B4 (en) | 2012-02-23 | 2015-06-25 | Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh | According to the radar principle working level gauge |
KR20130098098A (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2013-09-04 | ķźµģ ģķµģ ģ°źµ¬ģ | High-gain wideband antenna apparatus |
WO2013127254A1 (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2013-09-06 | The Hong Kong University Of Science And Technology | Interference alignment for partially connected cellular networks |
US9537572B2 (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2017-01-03 | Dali Systems Co. Ltd. | Hybrid data transport for a virtualized distributed antenna system |
US9098325B2 (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2015-08-04 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Persistent volume at an offset of a virtual block device of a storage server |
US8847840B1 (en) | 2012-02-28 | 2014-09-30 | General Atomics | Pseudo-conductor antennas |
US8847846B1 (en) | 2012-02-29 | 2014-09-30 | General Atomics | Magnetic pseudo-conductor spiral antennas |
JP5244990B1 (en) | 2012-03-01 | 2013-07-24 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ę±č | Defect detection device |
US9413571B2 (en) | 2012-03-06 | 2016-08-09 | University Of Maryland | System and method for time reversal data communications on pipes using guided elastic waves |
DE102012203816A1 (en) | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-26 | Deutsche Telekom Ag | Telecommunication system installed in public place, has pole that is arranged with telecommunication antenna and arranged on underground bottom tank which is arranged with heat-generating electrical component and embedded into soil |
US9008093B2 (en) | 2012-03-12 | 2015-04-14 | Comcast Cable Communications, Llc | Stateless protocol translation |
US8782195B2 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2014-07-15 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Group operations in machine-to-machine networks using a shared identifier |
IL218625A (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2017-10-31 | Israel Aerospace Ind Ltd | Phased array antenna |
US8789164B2 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2014-07-22 | International Business Machines Corporation | Scalable virtual appliance cloud (SVAC) and devices usable in an SVAC |
US9178564B2 (en) | 2012-03-16 | 2015-11-03 | Schneider Electric Industries Sas | Communication cable breaker and method using same |
EP2829152A2 (en) | 2012-03-23 | 2015-01-28 | Corning Optical Communications Wireless Ltd. | Radio-frequency integrated circuit (rfic) chip(s) for providing distributed antenna system functionalities, and related components, systems, and methods |
TW201340457A (en) | 2012-03-27 | 2013-10-01 | Nat Univ Tsing Hua | Multi-channel mode converter and rotary joint operating with a series of TE mode electromagnetic wave |
US8561104B1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-15 | United Video Properties, Inc. | Systems and methods for adaptively transmitting media and advertising content |
US20130262656A1 (en) | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | Jin Cao | System and method for root cause analysis of mobile network performance problems |
JP5926441B2 (en) | 2012-04-01 | 2016-05-25 | ćŖć¼ć»ć³ćć£ćć”ć¤ć»ć¤ć³ćÆļ¼”ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ ļ¼©ļ½ļ½ļ¼ | Secure authentication in multi-party systems |
US9405064B2 (en) | 2012-04-04 | 2016-08-02 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Microstrip line of different widths, ground planes of different distances |
US8719938B2 (en) | 2012-04-09 | 2014-05-06 | Landis+Gyr Innovations, Inc. | Detecting network intrusion using a decoy cryptographic key |
WO2013157978A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 | 2013-10-24 | Esaulov Evgeny Igorevich | A self-propelled system of cleanup, inspection and repairs of the surface of vessel hulls and underwater objects |
US8994474B2 (en) | 2012-04-23 | 2015-03-31 | Optim Microwave, Inc. | Ortho-mode transducer with wide bandwidth branch port |
EP2841893A4 (en) | 2012-04-25 | 2016-02-10 | Hewlett Packard Development Co | Analyzing light by mode interference |
MX2014013184A (en) | 2012-05-08 | 2014-11-25 | Nec Corp | Antenna device and method for attaching antenna device. |
US9572038B2 (en) | 2012-05-13 | 2017-02-14 | Amir Keyvan Khandani | Full duplex wireless transmission with channel phase-based encryption |
US9503463B2 (en) | 2012-05-14 | 2016-11-22 | Zimperium, Inc. | Detection of threats to networks, based on geographic location |
US9185070B2 (en) | 2012-05-17 | 2015-11-10 | Harris Corporation | MANET with DNS database resource management and related methods |
JP5947618B2 (en) | 2012-05-21 | 2016-07-06 | ē¢å“ē·ę„ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Waveguide and in-vehicle communication system |
US20130326063A1 (en) | 2012-05-31 | 2013-12-05 | Lloyd Leon Burch | Techniques for workload discovery and organization |
CN104488136A (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2015-04-01 | ä¼ęÆå ē½ē»å ¬åø | Automatic antenna pointing and stabilization system and method thereof |
US20130326494A1 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2013-12-05 | Yonesy F. NUNEZ | System and method for distributed patch management |
CN102694351B (en) | 2012-06-06 | 2015-05-13 | éæę„ēå·„å¤§å¦ | High voltage overhead transmission line line-inspection unmanned aerial vehicle photoelectric detection device |
US8565689B1 (en) | 2012-06-13 | 2013-10-22 | All Purpose Networks LLC | Optimized broadband wireless network performance through base station application server |
US8917964B2 (en) | 2012-06-14 | 2014-12-23 | Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina | Composite communications cables having a fiber optic component located adjacent an outer surface of the central conductor of a coaxial cable component and related methods |
US9102341B2 (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2015-08-11 | Transportation Technology Center, Inc. | Method for detecting the extent of clear, intact track near a railway vehicle |
DE102012011765B4 (en) | 2012-06-15 | 2016-05-19 | Tesat-Spacecom Gmbh & Co. Kg | Waveguide busbar |
US9219594B2 (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2015-12-22 | Rf Micro Devices, Inc. | Dual antenna integrated carrier aggregation front end solution |
US9699135B2 (en) | 2012-06-20 | 2017-07-04 | Openvpn Technologies, Inc. | Private tunnel network |
US9494033B2 (en) | 2012-06-22 | 2016-11-15 | Intelliserv, Llc | Apparatus and method for kick detection using acoustic sensors |
US10404556B2 (en) | 2012-06-22 | 2019-09-03 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Methods and computer program products for correlation analysis of network traffic in a network device |
US9172486B2 (en) | 2012-06-22 | 2015-10-27 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Apparatus and method for time-division multiplexing of dedicated channel |
US9490768B2 (en) | 2012-06-25 | 2016-11-08 | Knowles Cazenovia Inc. | High frequency band pass filter with coupled surface mount transition |
US20140003775A1 (en) | 2012-06-28 | 2014-01-02 | Jamyuen Ko | Fiber optic cable |
US9312390B2 (en) | 2012-07-05 | 2016-04-12 | Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. | Remote control system |
US10966141B2 (en) | 2012-07-09 | 2021-03-30 | Nokia Solutions And Networks Oy | Millimeter wave access architecture with cluster of access points |
RU2494506C1 (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2013-09-27 | ŠŠ±ŃŠµŃŃŠ²Š¾ Ń Š¾Š³ŃŠ°Š½ŠøŃŠµŠ½Š½Š¾Š¹ Š¾ŃŠ²ŠµŃŃŃŠ²ŠµŠ½Š½Š¾ŃŃŃŃ "Š Š°Š“ŠøŠ¾ ŠŠøŠ³Š°Š±ŠøŃ" | Electronic beam scanning lens antenna |
CN106249362B (en) | 2012-07-10 | 2019-04-23 | 3Måę°ęéå ¬åø | Wireless connector and wireless communication system |
US9055118B2 (en) | 2012-07-13 | 2015-06-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Edge caching using HTTP headers |
US9244190B2 (en) | 2012-07-13 | 2016-01-26 | Osaka Electro-Communication University | Transmitting electric power using electromagnetic waves |
US9202371B2 (en) | 2012-07-17 | 2015-12-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for robust data collection schemes for large grid wireless networks |
CN104641400A (en) | 2012-07-19 | 2015-05-20 | ęę夫Ā·ē¦čØ | User-controlled 3D simulation for providing realistic and enhanced digital object viewing and interaction experience |
US9306682B2 (en) | 2012-07-20 | 2016-04-05 | Commscope Technologies Llc | Systems and methods for a self-optimizing distributed antenna system |
US9101042B2 (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2015-08-04 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Control of uniformity in a surface wave plasma source |
US9391373B2 (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2016-07-12 | The Boeing Company | Inflatable antenna |
US9155183B2 (en) | 2012-07-24 | 2015-10-06 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Adjustable slot antenna for control of uniformity in a surface wave plasma source |
TW201414128A (en) | 2012-07-25 | 2014-04-01 | Edison Global Circuits | Circuit breaker panel |
US9513648B2 (en) | 2012-07-31 | 2016-12-06 | Causam Energy, Inc. | System, method, and apparatus for electric power grid and network management of grid elements |
US9859038B2 (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2018-01-02 | General Cable Technologies Corporation | Surface modified overhead conductor |
KR20140021380A (en) | 2012-08-10 | 2014-02-20 | ģ¼ģ±ģ źø°ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Dielectric resonator array antenna |
US8963790B2 (en) | 2012-08-15 | 2015-02-24 | Raytheon Company | Universal microwave waveguide joint and mechanically steerable microwave transmitter |
JP5931649B2 (en) | 2012-08-24 | 2016-06-08 | ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ę„ē«č£½ä½ę | Dynamic cipher change system |
WO2014035136A1 (en) | 2012-08-28 | 2014-03-06 | ģģ§ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Method for providing feedback of channel state information in wireless communication system and apparatus for same |
JP6048694B2 (en) | 2012-08-29 | 2016-12-21 | ę„ę¬é»ę°ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | Communication system, base station, and communication method |
US9324020B2 (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2016-04-26 | Nxp B.V. | Antenna structures and methods for omni directional radiation patterns |
US8564497B1 (en) | 2012-08-31 | 2013-10-22 | Redline Communications Inc. | System and method for payload enclosure |
US9894623B2 (en) | 2012-09-14 | 2018-02-13 | Andrew Wireless Systems Gmbh | Uplink path integrity detection in distributed antenna systems |
WO2014045236A2 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2014-03-27 | Visa International Service Association | A dynamic object tag and systems and methods relating thereto |
US8982895B2 (en) | 2012-09-21 | 2015-03-17 | Blackberry Limited | Inter-device communication in wireless communication systems |
US10332059B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2019-06-25 | Google Llc | Security scoring in a smart-sensored home |
US9351228B2 (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2016-05-24 | Optis Cellular Technology, Llc | Metric computation for interference-aware routing |
GB2507269A (en) | 2012-10-23 | 2014-04-30 | Wfs Technologies Ltd | Determining the spatial relationship between two surfaces |
NL2009684C2 (en) | 2012-10-23 | 2014-04-29 | Draka Comteq Bv | An optical fiber cable. |
WO2014065952A1 (en) | 2012-10-24 | 2014-05-01 | Solarsort Technologies, Inc | Optical fiber source and repeaters using tapered core waveguides |
US9270013B2 (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2016-02-23 | Cambium Networks, Ltd | Reflector arrangement for attachment to a wireless communications terminal |
US8674630B1 (en) | 2012-10-27 | 2014-03-18 | Wayne Douglas Cornelius | On-axis RF coupler and HOM damper for superconducting accelerator cavities |
CN103795525B (en) | 2012-10-31 | 2017-03-01 | č±äøč¾¾ē§ęęéå ¬åø | The method of data encryption |
WO2014069941A1 (en) | 2012-11-02 | 2014-05-08 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Method and device for measuring interference in communication system |
US20140130111A1 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2014-05-08 | Tollgrade Communications, Inc. | Agent-based communication service quality monitoring and diagnostics |
US9349507B2 (en) | 2012-11-06 | 2016-05-24 | Apple Inc. | Reducing signal loss in cables |
US10049281B2 (en) | 2012-11-12 | 2018-08-14 | Shopperception, Inc. | Methods and systems for measuring human interaction |
US8958665B2 (en) | 2012-11-13 | 2015-02-17 | Infinera Corporation | Scattering device on an arrayed waveguide grating |
US20140143055A1 (en) | 2012-11-19 | 2014-05-22 | John R. Johnson | In-store merchandise offer system |
US9276304B2 (en) | 2012-11-26 | 2016-03-01 | Triquint Semiconductor, Inc. | Power combiner using tri-plane antennas |
US9293801B2 (en) | 2012-11-26 | 2016-03-22 | Triquint Cw, Inc. | Power combiner |
US8917210B2 (en) | 2012-11-27 | 2014-12-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Package structures to improve on-chip antenna performance |
EP2926470B1 (en) | 2012-11-28 | 2021-09-29 | Andrew Wireless Systems GmbH | Reconfigurable single and multi-sector cell site system |
CN103078673B (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2016-01-20 | ē¦å»ŗēēµåęéå ¬åø | A kind of dedicated unmanned Helicopter System being applicable to mountain area electrical network and patrolling and examining |
US9113347B2 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2015-08-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Backhaul link for distributed antenna system |
US10009065B2 (en) | 2012-12-05 | 2018-06-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Backhaul link for distributed antenna system |
US9025527B2 (en) | 2012-12-13 | 2015-05-05 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Adaptive channel reuse mechanism in communication networks |
US9287605B2 (en) | 2012-12-18 | 2016-03-15 | Triquint Cw, Inc. | Passive coaxial power splitter/combiner |
US9591508B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2017-03-07 | Google Technology Holdings LLC | Methods and apparatus for transmitting data between different peer-to-peer communication groups |
US9473187B2 (en) | 2012-12-20 | 2016-10-18 | Cellco Partnership | Wireless radio extension using up- and down-conversion |
GB201223250D0 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2013-02-06 | Sec Dep For Business Innovation & Skills The | Antenna assembly and system |
US9198500B2 (en) | 2012-12-21 | 2015-12-01 | Murray W. Davis | Portable self powered line mountable electric power line and environment parameter monitoring transmitting and receiving system |
US8955075B2 (en) | 2012-12-23 | 2015-02-10 | Mcafee Inc | Hardware-based device authentication |
US9459856B2 (en) | 2013-01-02 | 2016-10-04 | International Business Machines Corporation | Effective migration and upgrade of virtual machines in cloud environments |
US20140191913A1 (en) | 2013-01-09 | 2014-07-10 | Intermec Ip Corp. | Techniques for standardizing antenna architecture |
US9420065B2 (en) | 2013-01-18 | 2016-08-16 | Google Inc. | Peer-to-peer software updates |
KR102066130B1 (en) | 2013-01-18 | 2020-02-11 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Method and apparatus for controlling traffic in wireless communication system |
EP2760081A1 (en) | 2013-01-28 | 2014-07-30 | BAE Systems PLC | Directional multi-band antenna |
US9685711B2 (en) | 2013-02-04 | 2017-06-20 | Ossia Inc. | High dielectric antenna array |
US20140222997A1 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2014-08-07 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Hidden markov model based architecture to monitor network node activities and predict relevant periods |
US9027097B2 (en) | 2013-02-06 | 2015-05-05 | Dropbox, Inc. | Client application assisted automatic user log in |
JP2014155098A (en) | 2013-02-12 | 2014-08-25 | Nitto Denko Corp | Antenna module and method for manufacturing the same |
US20140227905A1 (en) | 2013-02-13 | 2014-08-14 | Bradley David Knott | Device and method for impedance matching microwave coaxial line discontinuities |
KR101435538B1 (en) | 2013-02-15 | 2014-09-02 | ėģėķźµģ°ķķė „ėØ | A broadband plannar Quasi-Yagi antenna |
US9082307B2 (en) | 2013-02-19 | 2015-07-14 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Circular antenna array for vehicular direction finding |
KR101988472B1 (en) | 2013-02-20 | 2019-06-13 | ģ£¼ģķģ¬ ģ¼ģ“ķ° | Method for P2P Connection between devices in M2M system and Apparatus for the Same |
EP2959698A1 (en) | 2013-02-22 | 2015-12-30 | Adaptive Mobile Security Limited | System and method for embedded mobile (em)/machine to machine (m2m) security, pattern detection, mitigation |
US9473243B2 (en) | 2013-02-25 | 2016-10-18 | Jo-Chieh Chiang | Optical transceiver device |
US9601819B2 (en) | 2013-02-27 | 2017-03-21 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Dielectric waveguide with extending connector and affixed deformable material |
US9128941B2 (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2015-09-08 | Imperva, Inc. | On-demand content classification using an out-of-band communications channel for facilitating file activity monitoring and control |
US9362629B2 (en) | 2013-03-06 | 2016-06-07 | Mimosa Networks, Inc. | Enclosure for radio, parabolic dish antenna, and side lobe shields |
KR102089437B1 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2020-04-16 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Method and apparatus for controlling interference in wireless communication system |
JP6176869B2 (en) | 2013-03-08 | 2017-08-09 | ćć¼ć¹ććć ć°ć«ćć³ ć·ć¹ćć ćŗ ć³ć¼ćć¬ć¼ć·ć§ć³ļ¼®ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ ļ¼§ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ ļ¼³ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ ļ½ļ½ ļ¼£ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ļ½ | Waveguide and semiconductor packaging |
US9285461B2 (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2016-03-15 | Nokia Technologies Oy | Steerable transmit, steerable receive frequency modulated continuous wave radar transceiver |
US9184998B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2015-11-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Distributed path update in hybrid networks |
US9527392B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-12-27 | Aurora Flight Sciences Corporation | Aerial system and vehicle for continuous operation |
US9379556B2 (en) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-06-28 | Cooper Technologies Company | Systems and methods for energy harvesting and current and voltage measurements |
US9048943B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-06-02 | Dockon Ag | Low-power, noise insensitive communication channel using logarithmic detector amplifier (LDA) demodulator |
US9319916B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-04-19 | Isco International, Llc | Method and appartus for signal interference processing |
US9385435B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2016-07-05 | The Invention Science Fund I, Llc | Surface scattering antenna improvements |
US8907222B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-12-09 | Preformed Line Products Co. | Adjustable cover for conductors and insulators |
SI2972528T1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2018-03-30 | Nlight, Inc. | Spun non-circular and non-elliptical fibers and apparatuses utilizing the same |
US9515366B2 (en) | 2013-03-19 | 2016-12-06 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Printed circuit board dielectric waveguide core and metallic waveguide end |
CN104064844B (en) | 2013-03-19 | 2019-03-15 | å¾·å čØęÆä»ŖåØč”份ęéå ¬åø | Retractible dielectric waveguide |
KR101447809B1 (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2014-10-08 | ź¹ėŖ ķø | Aerial Vehicle With Mltipurpose Grip Type Taking Off an Landing Devic |
US9520635B2 (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2016-12-13 | Peraso Technologies Inc. | RF system-in-package with microstrip-to-waveguide transition |
US9077754B2 (en) | 2013-04-06 | 2015-07-07 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | Systems and methods for nextproto negotiation extension handling using mixed mode |
CN203204743U (en) | 2013-04-08 | 2013-09-18 | č„æå®č±čÆŗč§éäæ”ęÆęęÆęéå ¬åø | Mobile external-damage-preventive remote monitoring device of electric transmission line |
US20140317229A1 (en) | 2013-04-23 | 2014-10-23 | Robbin Hughes | Automatic versioning and updating M2M network applications |
US20140320364A1 (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-30 | Research In Motion Limited | Substrate integrated waveguide horn antenna |
US9021575B2 (en) | 2013-05-08 | 2015-04-28 | Iboss, Inc. | Selectively performing man in the middle decryption |
US9093754B2 (en) | 2013-05-10 | 2015-07-28 | Google Inc. | Dynamically adjusting width of beam based on altitude |
EP2804259B1 (en) | 2013-05-15 | 2019-09-18 | Alcatel- Lucent Shanghai Bell Co., Ltd | Radome for a concave reflector antenna |
US9065172B2 (en) | 2013-05-23 | 2015-06-23 | Commscope Technologies Llc | Mounting hub for antenna |
US9235710B2 (en) | 2013-05-23 | 2016-01-12 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Out of band management of basic input/output system secure boot variables |
RU2626559C2 (en) | 2013-05-27 | 2017-07-28 | ŠŠ±ŃŠµŃŃŠ²Š¾ Ń Š¾Š³ŃŠ°Š½ŠøŃŠµŠ½Š½Š¾Š¹ Š¾ŃŠ²ŠµŃŃŃŠ²ŠµŠ½Š½Š¾ŃŃŃŃ "Š Š°Š“ŠøŠ¾ ŠŠøŠ³Š°Š±ŠøŃ" | Lens antenna |
US20140359275A1 (en) | 2013-05-29 | 2014-12-04 | Certes Networks, Inc. | Method And Apparatus Securing Traffic Over MPLS Networks |
US9654960B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2017-05-16 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Server-assisted device-to-device discovery and connection |
US9525524B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2016-12-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Remote distributed antenna system |
US9999038B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2018-06-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Remote distributed antenna system |
AU2014280835C1 (en) | 2013-06-11 | 2016-06-23 | E M Solutions Pty Ltd | A stabilized platform for a wireless communication link |
US9472840B2 (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2016-10-18 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Dielectric waveguide comprised of a core, a cladding surrounding the core and cylindrical shape conductive rings surrounding the cladding |
GB2515771A (en) | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-07 | Roke Manor Research | A surface wave launcher |
EP3017504B1 (en) | 2013-07-03 | 2018-09-26 | HRL Laboratories, LLC | Electronically steerable, artificial impedance, surface antenna |
WO2015006314A2 (en) | 2013-07-08 | 2015-01-15 | L-Com, Inc. | Antennas |
CA2913186C (en) | 2013-07-11 | 2020-10-27 | Andrew Wireless Systems Gmbh | Small cell network architecture for servicing multiple network operators |
JP6236152B2 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2017-11-22 | ć³ć³ć“ć£ć¼ć ćÆć¤ć¤ć¬ć¹ļ¼ ćØć«ćØć«ć·ć¼ | Neighbor discovery to support Sleepy Node |
US9460296B2 (en) | 2013-07-19 | 2016-10-04 | Appsense Limited | Systems, methods and media for selective decryption of files containing sensitive data |
IN2014MN02240A (en) | 2013-07-22 | 2015-10-09 | Andrew Llc | |
US9246227B2 (en) | 2013-07-28 | 2016-01-26 | Finetek Co., Ltd. | Horn antenna device and step-shaped signal feed-in apparatus thereof |
EP2833661B1 (en) | 2013-07-31 | 2016-07-13 | Fujitsu Limited | A method for limiting inter-cell interference and load balancing and a wireless communication system and base station |
EP3028404A1 (en) | 2013-08-02 | 2016-06-08 | Nokia Solutions and Networks Oy | Methods and apparatuses for load balancing in a self-organising network |
US20150049998A1 (en) | 2013-08-13 | 2015-02-19 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Compact Optical Waveguide Arrays and Optical Waveguide Spirals |
CN105874367B (en) | 2013-08-21 | 2018-05-18 | å éęÆå¤ä½Ā·BĀ·č°¢å | Traceable networking cable with long-range release connector |
US9325067B2 (en) | 2013-08-22 | 2016-04-26 | Blackberry Limited | Tunable multiband multiport antennas and method |
US9346547B2 (en) | 2013-08-26 | 2016-05-24 | Google Inc. | Mechanisms for lowering a payload to the ground from a UAV |
US9282435B2 (en) | 2013-08-31 | 2016-03-08 | Location Sentry Corp | Location spoofing detection |
EP2846480B1 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2017-08-23 | Alcatel Lucent | Method and device for measuring a link loss of an optical transmission line |
US9488793B2 (en) | 2013-09-10 | 2016-11-08 | Corning Optical Communications LLC | Combined optical fiber and power cable |
KR101454878B1 (en) | 2013-09-12 | 2014-11-04 | ķźµź³¼ķźø°ģ ģ | Subatrate Embedded Horn Antenna having Selection Capability of Vertical and Horizontal Radiation Pattern |
WO2015035463A1 (en) | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-19 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Quad ridged feed horn including a dielectric spear |
US9172326B2 (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2015-10-27 | Globalfoundries Inc. | Speed of light based oscillator frequency |
KR101480905B1 (en) | 2013-09-25 | 2015-01-13 | ķźµģ ģķµģ ģ°źµ¬ģ | Apparatus and method for protecting communication pattern of network traffic |
CN103490842B (en) | 2013-09-26 | 2016-09-28 | ę·±å³åø大ēåę°ē§ęęéå ¬åø | Data transmission system and method |
US8913862B1 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2014-12-16 | Corning Optical Communications LLC | Optical communication cable |
US9843089B2 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2017-12-12 | BluFlux RF Technologies, LLC | Portable antenna |
US9276526B2 (en) | 2013-09-27 | 2016-03-01 | Peregrine Semiconductor Corporation | Amplifier with variable feedback impedance |
CA2829368A1 (en) | 2013-10-08 | 2015-04-08 | Shelton G. De Silva | Combination of unmanned aerial vehicles and the method and system to engage in multiple applications |
WO2015052480A1 (en) | 2013-10-08 | 2015-04-16 | Arkessa Limited | Method and apparatus for providing a data feed for internet of things |
US9474069B2 (en) | 2013-10-09 | 2016-10-18 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Enabling a communication feasibility determination time to complete communication exchanges between an M2M server and one or more M2M devices |
US20150104005A1 (en) | 2013-10-10 | 2015-04-16 | Elwha Llc | Methods, systems, and devices for handling captured image data that is received by devices |
WO2015055230A1 (en) | 2013-10-15 | 2015-04-23 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Transmitting communications traffic across an optical communication network |
US9923271B2 (en) | 2013-10-21 | 2018-03-20 | Elwha Llc | Antenna system having at least two apertures facilitating reduction of interfering signals |
US9183424B2 (en) | 2013-11-05 | 2015-11-10 | Symbol Technologies, Llc | Antenna array with asymmetric elements |
US8897697B1 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2014-11-25 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Millimeter-wave surface-wave communications |
US9577341B2 (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2017-02-21 | Harris Corporation | Microcellular communications antenna and associated methods |
US10509101B2 (en) | 2013-11-21 | 2019-12-17 | General Electric Company | Street lighting communications, control, and special services |
US20150156266A1 (en) | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-04 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Discovering cloud-based services for iot devices in an iot network associated with a user |
CN103700442A (en) | 2013-12-04 | 2014-04-02 | ę±čåēę·®čēµē¼ęéå ¬åø | Water-blocking medium voltage aluminum alloy power cable |
US9209902B2 (en) | 2013-12-10 | 2015-12-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Quasi-optical coupler |
US9137004B2 (en) | 2013-12-12 | 2015-09-15 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Neighbor network channel reuse with MIMO capable stations |
EP3085183A1 (en) | 2013-12-18 | 2016-10-26 | Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson (publ) | A network node and method for enabling interference alignment of transmissions to user equipments |
US9401863B2 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2016-07-26 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Dynamic source route computation to avoid self-interference |
US20150181449A1 (en) | 2013-12-23 | 2015-06-25 | Alcatel-Lucent Usa Inc. | Method And Apparatus For Monitoring Mobile Communication Networks |
EP2892251B1 (en) | 2014-01-06 | 2017-09-13 | 2236008 Ontario Inc. | System and method for machine-to-machine communication |
KR101553710B1 (en) | 2014-01-20 | 2015-09-17 | ģ£¼ģķģ¬ ķķ | Uav tracking antenna, communication apparatus and method that uses it |
US9130637B2 (en) | 2014-01-21 | 2015-09-08 | MagnaCom Ltd. | Communication methods and systems for nonlinear multi-user environments |
US9001689B1 (en) | 2014-01-24 | 2015-04-07 | Mimosa Networks, Inc. | Channel optimization in half duplex communications systems |
US9217762B2 (en) | 2014-02-07 | 2015-12-22 | Smart Wires Inc. | Detection of geomagnetically-induced currents with power line-mounted devices |
US9859972B2 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2018-01-02 | Ubiqomm Llc | Broadband access to mobile platforms using drone/UAV background |
WO2015120626A1 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2015-08-20 | åäøŗęęÆęéå ¬åø | Multiband common-caliber antenna |
US9853712B2 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2017-12-26 | Ubiqomm Llc | Broadband access system via drone/UAV platforms |
US9853715B2 (en) | 2014-02-17 | 2017-12-26 | Ubiqomm Llc | Broadband access system via drone/UAV platforms |
KR102271072B1 (en) | 2014-03-20 | 2021-06-30 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģ ģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Method and Device Transmitting Interference Information for Network Assisted Interference Cancellation and Suppression in Wireless Communication Systems |
US9488601B2 (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2016-11-08 | Paneratech, Inc. | Material erosion monitoring system and method |
CN103943925B (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2016-10-05 | åäŗ¬å¤§å¦ | A kind of full carbon coaxial line and preparation method thereof |
JP5770876B1 (en) | 2014-03-27 | 2015-08-26 | ę„ę¬é»äæ”é»č©±ę Ŗå¼ä¼ē¤¾ | MMIC integrated module |
DK3127187T3 (en) | 2014-04-01 | 2021-02-08 | Ubiquiti Inc | Antenna device |
US9714087B2 (en) | 2014-04-05 | 2017-07-25 | Hari Matsuda | Winged multi-rotor flying craft with payload accomodating shifting structure and automatic payload delivery |
US9681320B2 (en) | 2014-04-22 | 2017-06-13 | Pc-Tel, Inc. | System, apparatus, and method for the measurement, collection, and analysis of radio signals utilizing unmanned aerial vehicles |
US9668146B2 (en) | 2014-04-25 | 2017-05-30 | The Hong Kong University Of Science And Technology | Autonomous robot-assisted indoor wireless coverage characterization platform |
KR102112003B1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2020-05-18 | ģ¼ģ±ģ ģģ£¼ģķģ¬ | Apparatus and method for adjusting beam pattern in communication system supporting beam division multiple access scheme |
US9369177B2 (en) | 2014-05-01 | 2016-06-14 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Path diversity with poly-phase links in a power line communication network |
US9393683B2 (en) | 2014-05-02 | 2016-07-19 | M. W. Bevins Co. | Conductive boot for power tool protection |
CN203813973U (en) | 2014-05-05 | 2014-09-03 | ę·±å³åøęµ·ä¹ęÆē§ęęéå ¬åø | Lamp post type WIFI access terminal |
US10003379B2 (en) | 2014-05-06 | 2018-06-19 | Starkey Laboratories, Inc. | Wireless communication with probing bandwidth |
CN203931626U (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2014-11-05 | å®å¾½å½ēµēµē¼éå¢ęéå ¬åø | In a kind of water proof type, press aluminium alloy power cable |
US9214987B2 (en) | 2014-05-18 | 2015-12-15 | Auden Techno Corp. | Near field antenna for object detecting device |
US9422139B1 (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2016-08-23 | Google Inc. | Method of actively controlling winch swing via modulated uptake and release |
US9633547B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2017-04-25 | Ooma, Inc. | Security monitoring and control |
US9334052B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2016-05-10 | Verizon Patent And Licensing Inc. | Unmanned aerial vehicle flight path determination, optimization, and management |
US9646283B2 (en) | 2014-05-20 | 2017-05-09 | Verizon Patent And Licensing Inc. | Secure payload deliveries via unmanned aerial vehicles |
US9611038B2 (en) | 2014-06-03 | 2017-04-04 | Working Drones, Inc. | Mobile computing device-based guidance navigation and control for unmanned aerial vehicles and robotic systems |
US9458974B2 (en) | 2014-06-08 | 2016-10-04 | Robert E. Townsend, Jr. | Flexible moment connection device for mast arm signal mounting |
US10192182B2 (en) | 2014-06-10 | 2019-01-29 | Wellaware Holdings, Inc. | Aerial drone for well-site and signal survey |
CN104052742A (en) | 2014-06-11 | 2014-09-17 | äøęµ·åŗ·ē ¦ęŗč½ē§ęęéå ¬åø | Internet of things communication protocol capable of being encrypted dynamically |
US9494937B2 (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2016-11-15 | Verizon Telematics Inc. | Method and system for drone deliveries to vehicles in route |
EP2961113B1 (en) | 2014-06-24 | 2017-05-24 | Alcatel Lucent | Control of protection switching in a communication network |
US9351182B2 (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2016-05-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Method and apparatus for monitoring and adjusting multiple communication services at a venue |
CN104091987B (en) | 2014-07-01 | 2016-07-06 | äøå½ē§å¦é¢ēē¦»åä½ē©ēē ē©¶ę | A kind of MW class corrugated waveguide attenuator |
EP3164672B1 (en) | 2014-07-02 | 2019-05-29 | Tecom AS | Permittivity measurements of layers |
US9722316B2 (en) | 2014-07-07 | 2017-08-01 | Google Inc. | Horn lens antenna |
US20160068277A1 (en) | 2014-07-08 | 2016-03-10 | Salvatore Manitta | Unmanned Aircraft Systems Ground Support Platform |
CN203950607U (en) | 2014-07-09 | 2014-11-19 | å®å¾½åč±ēµē¼éå¢ęéå ¬åø | In a kind of aluminium alloy, press fireproof power cable |
WO2016009402A2 (en) | 2014-07-18 | 2016-01-21 | Altec S.P.A. | Image and/or radio signals capturing platform |
US9363008B2 (en) | 2014-07-22 | 2016-06-07 | International Business Machines Corporation | Deployment criteria for unmanned aerial vehicles to improve cellular phone communications |
US10398369B2 (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2019-09-03 | Medtronic Xomed, Inc. | Wireless stimulation probe device for wireless nerve integrity monitoring systems |
CN113232547B (en) | 2014-08-08 | 2023-07-18 | ę·±å³åø大ēåę°ē§ęęéå ¬åø | Unmanned aerial vehicle battery replacement system and method |
CN104181552B (en) | 2014-08-21 | 2017-07-25 | ę¦ę±å¤§å¦ | A kind of method of the anti-interference normal state nulling widening of dynamic GNSS receiver |
US9692101B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2017-06-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided wave couplers for coupling electromagnetic waves between a waveguide surface and a surface of a wire |
US9174733B1 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2015-11-03 | Google Inc. | Payload-release device and operation thereof |
US10762571B2 (en) | 2014-09-02 | 2020-09-01 | Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. | Use of drones to assist with insurance, financial and underwriting related activities |
WO2016033797A1 (en) | 2014-09-05 | 2016-03-10 | SZ DJI Technology Co., Ltd. | Multi-sensor environmental mapping |
US9731821B2 (en) | 2014-09-10 | 2017-08-15 | International Business Machines Corporation | Package transport by unmanned aerial vehicles |
US9887587B2 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2018-02-06 | Cpg Technologies, Llc | Variable frequency receivers for guided surface wave transmissions |
US9882397B2 (en) | 2014-09-11 | 2018-01-30 | Cpg Technologies, Llc | Guided surface wave transmission of multiple frequencies in a lossy media |
US9768833B2 (en) | 2014-09-15 | 2017-09-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for sensing a condition in a transmission medium of electromagnetic waves |
US10063280B2 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2018-08-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Monitoring and mitigating conditions in a communication network |
US20160088498A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 | 2016-03-24 | King Fahd University Of Petroleum And Minerals | Unmanned aerial vehicle for antenna radiation characterization |
US9776200B2 (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2017-10-03 | Luryto, Llc | Systems and methods for unmanned aerial painting applications |
US20160181701A1 (en) | 2014-09-19 | 2016-06-23 | Pragash Sangaran | Antenna having a reflector for improved efficiency, gain, and directivity |
US9260244B1 (en) | 2014-09-25 | 2016-02-16 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Wireless visualization interface for autonomous ground vehicle signal coverage |
WO2016048214A1 (en) | 2014-09-26 | 2016-03-31 | Telefonaktiebolaget L M Ericsson (Publ) | Signaling for interference reduction |
US9628854B2 (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2017-04-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for distributing content in a communication network |
US11695657B2 (en) | 2014-09-29 | 2023-07-04 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Network embedded framework for distributed network analytics |
US9615269B2 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2017-04-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus that provides fault tolerance in a communication network |
US9685992B2 (en) | 2014-10-03 | 2017-06-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Circuit panel network and methods thereof |
US9503189B2 (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2016-11-22 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for arranging communication sessions in a communication system |
US9762289B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2017-09-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving signals in a transportation system |
ES2868348T3 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2021-10-21 | Ubiquiti Inc | Signal isolation covers and reflectors for antenna |
US9973299B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2018-05-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for adjusting a mode of communication in a communication network |
US11157021B2 (en) | 2014-10-17 | 2021-10-26 | Tyco Fire & Security Gmbh | Drone tours in security systems |
US9577306B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-02-21 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided-wave transmission device and methods for use therewith |
US9769020B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-09-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for responding to events affecting communications in a communication network |
US9312919B1 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2016-04-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Transmission device with impairment compensation and methods for use therewith |
US9520945B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2016-12-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for providing communication services and methods thereof |
US9564947B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-02-07 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided-wave transmission device with diversity and methods for use therewith |
US9780834B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-10-03 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves |
US9627768B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-04-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided-wave transmission device with non-fundamental mode propagation and methods for use therewith |
US9653770B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-05-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided wave coupler, coupling module and methods for use therewith |
US20170373385A1 (en) | 2014-11-04 | 2017-12-28 | Board Of Regents, The University Of Texas System | Dielectric-core antennas surrounded by patterned metallic metasurfaces to realize radio-transparent antennas |
CA2893727C (en) | 2014-11-07 | 2022-09-13 | Traffic Hardware + Design Inc. | Traffic signal mounting bracket |
US9742462B2 (en) | 2014-12-04 | 2017-08-22 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium and communication interfaces and methods for use therewith |
US10505249B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2019-12-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Communication system having a cable with a plurality of stranded uninsulated conductors forming interstitial areas for guiding electromagnetic waves therein and method of use |
US9680670B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-06-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission device with channel equalization and control and methods for use therewith |
US10554454B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2020-02-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for inducing electromagnetic waves in a cable |
US9997819B2 (en) | 2015-06-09 | 2018-06-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium and method for facilitating propagation of electromagnetic waves via a core |
US9800327B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-10-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for controlling operations of a communication device and methods thereof |
US9461706B1 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2016-10-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Method and apparatus for exchanging communication signals |
US10505250B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2019-12-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Communication system having a cable with a plurality of stranded uninsulated conductors forming interstitial areas for propagating guided wave modes therein and methods of use |
US10340573B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher with cylindrical coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US9654173B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-05-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for powering a communication device and methods thereof |
US9954287B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2018-04-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for converting wireless signals and electromagnetic waves and methods thereof |
US10505252B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2019-12-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Communication system having a coupler for guiding electromagnetic waves through interstitial areas formed by a plurality of stranded uninsulated conductors and method of use |
US10505248B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2019-12-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Communication cable having a plurality of uninsulated conductors forming interstitial areas for propagating electromagnetic waves therein and method of use |
US10411920B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2019-09-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for inducing electromagnetic waves within pathways of a cable |
US9813925B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-11-07 | Ixia | Systems, methods, and computer readable media for utilizing a plurality of unmanned aerial vehicles to conduct performance testing in a wireless communications network |
US10009067B2 (en) | 2014-12-04 | 2018-06-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for configuring a communication interface |
US11025460B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2021-06-01 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for accessing interstitial areas of a cable |
US10516555B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2019-12-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for creating interstitial areas in a cable |
US9544006B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-01-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission device with mode division multiplexing and methods for use therewith |
US10243784B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2019-03-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System for generating topology information and methods thereof |
US9094407B1 (en) | 2014-11-21 | 2015-07-28 | Citrix Systems, Inc. | Security and rights management in a machine-to-machine messaging system |
US20160165472A1 (en) | 2014-12-09 | 2016-06-09 | Futurewei Technologies, Inc. | Analytics assisted self-organizing-network (SON) for coverage capacity optimization (CCO) |
WO2016096029A1 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-23 | Here Global B.V. | A method, an apparatus and a computer program product for positioning |
DE102014119259A1 (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2016-06-23 | Intel Corporation | An apparatus for providing a control signal for a variable impedance matching circuit and a method therefor |
US9571908B2 (en) | 2014-12-23 | 2017-02-14 | Raytheon Company | Extendable synchronous low power telemetry system for distributed sensors |
US10071803B2 (en) | 2015-01-16 | 2018-09-11 | International Business Machines Corporation | Package transport container and transport operations for an unmanned aerial vehicle |
US10144036B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2018-12-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for mitigating interference affecting a propagation of electromagnetic waves guided by a transmission medium |
US10372122B2 (en) | 2015-02-04 | 2019-08-06 | LogiCom & Wireless Ltd. | Flight management system for UAVs |
CN204538183U (en) | 2015-02-06 | 2015-08-05 | ę©ęÆ天ēŗæęęÆļ¼ę·±å³ļ¼ęéå ¬åø | Grid lamp rod-type embellished antenna |
WO2016133509A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 | 2016-08-25 | Calabazas Creek Research, Inc. | Gyrotron whispering gallery mode coupler for direct coupling of rf into he11 waveguide |
US9876570B2 (en) | 2015-02-20 | 2018-01-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Guided-wave transmission device with non-fundamental mode propagation and methods for use therewith |
WO2016137982A1 (en) | 2015-02-24 | 2016-09-01 | Airogistic, L.L.C. | Methods and apparatus for unmanned aerial vehicle landing and launch |
US9414126B1 (en) | 2015-03-09 | 2016-08-09 | Arcom Digital, Llc | Passive time domain reflectometer for HFC network |
SG11201707306YA (en) | 2015-03-12 | 2017-10-30 | Nightingale Intelligent Systems | Automated drone systems |
US9749013B2 (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2017-08-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for reducing attenuation of electromagnetic waves guided by a transmission medium |
US9705561B2 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2017-07-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Directional coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US10224981B2 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2019-03-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Passive electrical coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US9948354B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2018-04-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Magnetic coupling device with reflective plate and methods for use therewith |
US9793954B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2017-10-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Magnetic coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US9490869B1 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2016-11-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium having multiple cores and methods for use therewith |
US10276907B2 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2019-04-30 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium and methods for use therewith |
US9871282B2 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2018-01-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | At least one transmission medium having a dielectric surface that is covered at least in part by a second dielectric |
US9748626B2 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2017-08-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Plurality of cables having different cross-sectional shapes which are bundled together to form a transmission medium |
US9917341B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2018-03-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and method for launching electromagnetic waves and for modifying radial dimensions of the propagating electromagnetic waves |
US10103801B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-10-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Host node device and methods for use therewith |
US10348391B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2019-07-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Client node device with frequency conversion and methods for use therewith |
US9912381B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Network termination and methods for use therewith |
US10812174B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2020-10-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Client node device and methods for use therewith |
US10154493B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-12-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Network termination and methods for use therewith |
US9866309B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-01-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Host node device and methods for use therewith |
US10142086B2 (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2018-11-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Repeater and methods for use therewith |
US9608692B2 (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2017-03-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Repeater and methods for use therewith |
US9509415B1 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2016-11-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for inducing a fundamental wave mode on a transmission medium |
US9865911B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2018-01-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Waveguide system for slot radiating first electromagnetic waves that are combined into a non-fundamental wave mode second electromagnetic wave on a transmission medium |
US9640850B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2017-05-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for inducing a non-fundamental wave mode on a transmission medium |
US9363690B1 (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2016-06-07 | Cisco Technology, Inc. | Closed-loop optimization of a wireless network using an autonomous vehicle |
US10129057B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-11-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for inducing electromagnetic waves on a cable |
US9628116B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2017-04-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for transmitting wireless signals |
US9722318B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2017-08-01 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device |
US10044409B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-08-07 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium and methods for use therewith |
US10439290B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-10-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for wireless communications |
US10170840B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-01-01 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for sending or receiving electromagnetic signals |
US10320586B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-06-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating non-interfering electromagnetic waves on an insulated transmission medium |
US10148016B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-12-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for communicating utilizing an antenna array |
US9853342B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2017-12-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dielectric transmission medium connector and methods for use therewith |
US10033108B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-07-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating an electromagnetic wave having a wave mode that mitigates interference |
US10341142B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating non-interfering electromagnetic waves on an uninsulated conductor |
US9882257B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-01-30 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for launching a wave mode that mitigates interference |
US10033107B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-07-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device |
US10511346B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-12-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for inducing electromagnetic waves on an uninsulated conductor |
US10205655B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-02-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for communicating utilizing an antenna array and multiple communication paths |
US10790593B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2020-09-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus including an antenna comprising a lens and a body coupled to a feedline having a structure that reduces reflections of electromagnetic waves |
US9847566B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2017-12-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for adjusting a field of a signal to mitigate interference |
US9608740B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2017-03-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for launching a wave mode that mitigates interference |
US10090606B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2018-10-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna system with dielectric array and methods for use therewith |
US9793951B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2017-10-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for launching a wave mode that mitigates interference |
US9749053B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2017-08-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Node device, repeater and methods for use therewith |
US9871283B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2018-01-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Transmission medium having a dielectric core comprised of plural members connected by a ball and socket configuration |
US9439092B1 (en) | 2015-07-27 | 2016-09-06 | Sprint Communications Company L.P. | Detection of component fault at cell towers |
CN204760545U (en) | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-11 | äøå½äŗŗę°č§£ę¾åēå·„å¤§å¦ | Co -planar waveguide feed broadband circular polarization microstrip antenna |
KR200479199Y1 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2015-12-31 | ź¹ģ©źµ | unmanned air vehicle |
US10009901B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-06-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method, apparatus, and computer-readable storage medium for managing utilization of wireless resources between base stations |
US10051629B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-08-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an in-band reference signal |
US9705571B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2017-07-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system |
US10136434B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-11-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an ultra-wideband control channel |
US10009063B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-06-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an out-of-band reference signal |
US10079661B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-09-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having a clock reference |
US9421869B1 (en) | 2015-09-25 | 2016-08-23 | Amazon Technologies, Inc. | Deployment and adjustment of airborne unmanned aerial vehicles |
US9876264B2 (en) | 2015-10-02 | 2018-01-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Communication system, guided wave switch and methods for use therewith |
US10355367B2 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2019-07-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna structure for exchanging wireless signals |
US10665942B2 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2020-05-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for adjusting wireless communications |
US10051483B2 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2018-08-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for directing wireless signals |
CN205265924U (en) | 2016-01-05 | 2016-05-25 | éę | Unmanned aerial vehicle |
US9860075B1 (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2018-01-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and communication node for broadband distribution |
US11032819B2 (en) | 2016-09-15 | 2021-06-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having a control channel reference signal |
US10135147B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2018-11-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching guided waves via an antenna |
US10340600B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching guided waves via plural waveguide systems |
US10135146B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2018-11-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching guided waves via circuits |
US10374316B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2019-08-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System and dielectric antenna with non-uniform dielectric |
US10811767B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2020-10-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System and dielectric antenna with convex dielectric radome |
US9991580B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2018-06-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher and coupling system for guided wave mode cancellation |
US9876605B1 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2018-01-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher and coupling system to support desired guided wave mode |
US10312567B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-06-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher with planar strip antenna and methods for use therewith |
US10305190B2 (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2019-05-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Reflecting dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10361489B2 (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2019-07-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dielectric dish antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10727599B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2020-07-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher with slot antenna and methods for use therewith |
US10637149B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2020-04-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Injection molded dielectric antenna and methods for use therewith |
US10205212B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2019-02-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for adjusting a phase of electromagnetic waves |
US10096883B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2018-10-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for adjusting a wavelength electromagnetic waves |
US10135145B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2018-11-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating an electromagnetic wave along a transmission medium |
US10819035B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2020-10-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher with helical antenna and methods for use therewith |
US10027397B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2018-07-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Distributed antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US9893795B1 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2018-02-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Method and repeater for broadband distribution |
US10446936B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2019-10-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Multi-feed dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10389029B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2019-08-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Multi-feed dielectric antenna system with core selection and methods for use therewith |
US10243270B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2019-03-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Beam adaptive multi-feed dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10027427B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2018-07-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for measuring signals |
US10530505B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2020-01-07 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching electromagnetic waves along a transmission medium |
US10601494B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2020-03-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dual-band communication device and method for use therewith |
US10069535B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2018-09-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching electromagnetic waves having a certain electric field structure |
US10389037B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2019-08-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for selecting sections of an antenna array and use therewith |
US9998870B1 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2018-06-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for proximity sensing |
US10938108B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2021-03-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Frequency selective multi-feed dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10411356B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2019-09-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for selectively targeting communication devices with an antenna array |
US10264586B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2019-04-16 | At&T Mobility Ii Llc | Cloud-based packet controller and methods for use therewith |
US10062970B1 (en) | 2017-09-05 | 2018-08-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dual mode communications device and methods for use therewith |
US10051488B1 (en) | 2017-10-19 | 2018-08-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dual mode communications device with remote device feedback and methods for use therewith |
US9998172B1 (en) | 2017-10-04 | 2018-06-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for processing ultra-wideband electromagnetic waves |
US10003364B1 (en) | 2017-11-09 | 2018-06-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided wave communication system with interference cancellation and methods for use therewith |
-
2014
- 2014-10-14 US US14/513,550 patent/US9762289B2/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-09-14 WO PCT/US2015/049932 patent/WO2016060762A1/en active Application Filing
-
2017
- 2017-07-11 US US15/646,520 patent/US9991934B2/en active Active
-
2018
- 2018-05-04 US US15/971,481 patent/US10355746B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050143868A1 (en) * | 2003-12-30 | 2005-06-30 | Anthony Whelan | Broadband data services over vehicle power lines |
US20120078452A1 (en) * | 2010-09-28 | 2012-03-29 | Wolfgang Daum | Rail communication system and method for communicating with a rail vehicle |
Cited By (183)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9999038B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2018-06-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Remote distributed antenna system |
US10051630B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2018-08-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Remote distributed antenna system |
US9930668B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2018-03-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Remote distributed antenna system |
US10091787B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2018-10-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Remote distributed antenna system |
US9674711B2 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2017-06-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Surface-wave communications and methods thereof |
US10096881B2 (en) | 2014-08-26 | 2018-10-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided wave couplers for coupling electromagnetic waves to an outer surface of a transmission medium |
US9768833B2 (en) | 2014-09-15 | 2017-09-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for sensing a condition in a transmission medium of electromagnetic waves |
US9906269B2 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2018-02-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Monitoring and mitigating conditions in a communication network |
US10063280B2 (en) | 2014-09-17 | 2018-08-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Monitoring and mitigating conditions in a communication network |
US9973416B2 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2018-05-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus that provides fault tolerance in a communication network |
US9998932B2 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2018-06-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus that provides fault tolerance in a communication network |
US9615269B2 (en) | 2014-10-02 | 2017-04-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus that provides fault tolerance in a communication network |
US9685992B2 (en) | 2014-10-03 | 2017-06-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Circuit panel network and methods thereof |
US9866276B2 (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2018-01-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for arranging communication sessions in a communication system |
US9847850B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2017-12-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for adjusting a mode of communication in a communication network |
US9762289B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2017-09-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving signals in a transportation system |
US9973299B2 (en) | 2014-10-14 | 2018-05-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for adjusting a mode of communication in a communication network |
US9705610B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-07-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission device with impairment compensation and methods for use therewith |
US9912033B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Guided wave coupler, coupling module and methods for use therewith |
US9960808B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-05-01 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided-wave transmission device and methods for use therewith |
US9769020B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-09-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for responding to events affecting communications in a communication network |
US9948355B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-04-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for providing communication services and methods thereof |
US9780834B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2017-10-03 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves |
US9954286B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-04-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided-wave transmission device with non-fundamental mode propagation and methods for use therewith |
US9871558B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-01-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Guided-wave transmission device and methods for use therewith |
US9876587B2 (en) | 2014-10-21 | 2018-01-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission device with impairment compensation and methods for use therewith |
US9742521B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-08-22 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission device with mode division multiplexing and methods for use therewith |
US9800327B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-10-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for controlling operations of a communication device and methods thereof |
US10243784B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2019-03-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System for generating topology information and methods thereof |
US9954287B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2018-04-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for converting wireless signals and electromagnetic waves and methods thereof |
US9749083B2 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2017-08-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission device with mode division multiplexing and methods for use therewith |
US9742462B2 (en) | 2014-12-04 | 2017-08-22 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium and communication interfaces and methods for use therewith |
US10009067B2 (en) | 2014-12-04 | 2018-06-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for configuring a communication interface |
US10144036B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2018-12-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for mitigating interference affecting a propagation of electromagnetic waves guided by a transmission medium |
US9876571B2 (en) | 2015-02-20 | 2018-01-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Guided-wave transmission device with non-fundamental mode propagation and methods for use therewith |
US9876570B2 (en) | 2015-02-20 | 2018-01-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Guided-wave transmission device with non-fundamental mode propagation and methods for use therewith |
US9749013B2 (en) | 2015-03-17 | 2017-08-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for reducing attenuation of electromagnetic waves guided by a transmission medium |
US9793955B2 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2017-10-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Passive electrical coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US9831912B2 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2017-11-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Directional coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US10224981B2 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2019-03-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Passive electrical coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US9705561B2 (en) | 2015-04-24 | 2017-07-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Directional coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US9948354B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2018-04-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Magnetic coupling device with reflective plate and methods for use therewith |
US9793954B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2017-10-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Magnetic coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US9871282B2 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2018-01-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | At least one transmission medium having a dielectric surface that is covered at least in part by a second dielectric |
US9887447B2 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2018-02-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium having multiple cores and methods for use therewith |
US9748626B2 (en) | 2015-05-14 | 2017-08-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Plurality of cables having different cross-sectional shapes which are bundled together to form a transmission medium |
US10650940B2 (en) | 2015-05-15 | 2020-05-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium having a conductive material and methods for use therewith |
US9917341B2 (en) | 2015-05-27 | 2018-03-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and method for launching electromagnetic waves and for modifying radial dimensions of the propagating electromagnetic waves |
US10050697B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-08-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Host node device and methods for use therewith |
US10797781B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2020-10-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Client node device and methods for use therewith |
US9866309B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-01-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Host node device and methods for use therewith |
US10812174B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2020-10-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Client node device and methods for use therewith |
US9912382B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Network termination and methods for use therewith |
US9967002B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-05-08 | At&T Intellectual I, Lp | Network termination and methods for use therewith |
US9935703B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-04-03 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Host node device and methods for use therewith |
US9912381B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Network termination and methods for use therewith |
US10103801B2 (en) | 2015-06-03 | 2018-10-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Host node device and methods for use therewith |
US9913139B2 (en) | 2015-06-09 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Signal fingerprinting for authentication of communicating devices |
US9997819B2 (en) | 2015-06-09 | 2018-06-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium and method for facilitating propagation of electromagnetic waves via a core |
US10142086B2 (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2018-11-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Repeater and methods for use therewith |
US10142010B2 (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2018-11-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Repeater and methods for use therewith |
US10027398B2 (en) | 2015-06-11 | 2018-07-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Repeater and methods for use therewith |
US9820146B2 (en) | 2015-06-12 | 2017-11-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for authentication and identity management of communicating devices |
US9667317B2 (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2017-05-30 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for providing security using network traffic adjustments |
US10069185B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2018-09-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for inducing a non-fundamental wave mode on a transmission medium |
US9787412B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2017-10-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for inducing a fundamental wave mode on a transmission medium |
US9865911B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2018-01-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Waveguide system for slot radiating first electromagnetic waves that are combined into a non-fundamental wave mode second electromagnetic wave on a transmission medium |
US9640850B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2017-05-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for inducing a non-fundamental wave mode on a transmission medium |
US9882657B2 (en) | 2015-06-25 | 2018-01-30 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for inducing a fundamental wave mode on a transmission medium |
US9847566B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2017-12-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for adjusting a field of a signal to mitigate interference |
US10686496B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2020-06-16 | At&T Intellecutal Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device |
US10382072B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-08-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device |
US9853342B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2017-12-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dielectric transmission medium connector and methods for use therewith |
US10341142B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating non-interfering electromagnetic waves on an uninsulated conductor |
US11177981B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2021-11-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating non-interfering electromagnetic waves on an uninsulated conductor |
US10439290B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-10-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for wireless communications |
US10469107B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-11-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for transmitting wireless signals |
US10511346B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-12-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for inducing electromagnetic waves on an uninsulated conductor |
US10320586B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-06-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating non-interfering electromagnetic waves on an insulated transmission medium |
US10305545B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-05-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device |
US10566696B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2020-02-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating an electromagnetic wave having a wave mode that mitigates interference |
US10819542B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2020-10-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for inducing electromagnetic waves on a cable |
US10587048B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2020-03-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for communicating utilizing an antenna array |
US11189930B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2021-11-30 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for sending or receiving electromagnetic signals |
US10594039B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2020-03-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for sending or receiving electromagnetic signals |
US9929755B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-03-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device |
US11658422B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2023-05-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for sending or receiving electromagnetic signals |
US10033107B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-07-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device |
US10033108B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-07-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating an electromagnetic wave having a wave mode that mitigates interference |
US10044409B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-08-07 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Transmission medium and methods for use therewith |
US10594597B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2020-03-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for communicating utilizing an antenna array and multiple communication paths |
US10205655B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-02-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for communicating utilizing an antenna array and multiple communication paths |
US9882257B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-01-30 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for launching a wave mode that mitigates interference |
US9628116B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2017-04-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for transmitting wireless signals |
US11212138B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2021-12-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating non-interfering electromagnetic waves on an insulated transmission medium |
US10170840B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2019-01-01 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for sending or receiving electromagnetic signals |
US9722318B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2017-08-01 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device |
US10790593B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2020-09-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus including an antenna comprising a lens and a body coupled to a feedline having a structure that reduces reflections of electromagnetic waves |
US10148016B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-12-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for communicating utilizing an antenna array |
US10129057B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2018-11-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for inducing electromagnetic waves on a cable |
US10741923B2 (en) | 2015-07-14 | 2020-08-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for coupling an antenna to a device |
US9793951B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2017-10-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for launching a wave mode that mitigates interference |
US9608740B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2017-03-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for launching a wave mode that mitigates interference |
US10090606B2 (en) | 2015-07-15 | 2018-10-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna system with dielectric array and methods for use therewith |
US10074886B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2018-09-11 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dielectric transmission medium comprising a plurality of rigid dielectric members coupled together in a ball and socket configuration |
US9912027B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for exchanging communication signals |
US9948333B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2018-04-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for wireless communications to mitigate interference |
US9871283B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2018-01-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Transmission medium having a dielectric core comprised of plural members connected by a ball and socket configuration |
US9806818B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2017-10-31 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Node device, repeater and methods for use therewith |
US9749053B2 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2017-08-29 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Node device, repeater and methods for use therewith |
US9735833B2 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2017-08-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for communications management in a neighborhood network |
US9967173B2 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2018-05-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for authentication and identity management of communicating devices |
US9838078B2 (en) | 2015-07-31 | 2017-12-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for exchanging communication signals |
US9904535B2 (en) | 2015-09-14 | 2018-02-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for distributing software |
US10079661B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-09-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having a clock reference |
US10009063B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-06-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an out-of-band reference signal |
US10136434B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2018-11-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having an ultra-wideband control channel |
US9769128B2 (en) | 2015-09-28 | 2017-09-19 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for encryption of communications over a network |
US9729197B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 | 2017-08-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for communicating network management traffic over a network |
US9876264B2 (en) | 2015-10-02 | 2018-01-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Communication system, guided wave switch and methods for use therewith |
US10355367B2 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2019-07-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna structure for exchanging wireless signals |
US10665942B2 (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2020-05-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for adjusting wireless communications |
US9912419B1 (en) | 2016-08-24 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for managing a fault in a distributed antenna system |
US9860075B1 (en) | 2016-08-26 | 2018-01-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and communication node for broadband distribution |
US10291311B2 (en) | 2016-09-09 | 2019-05-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for mitigating a fault in a distributed antenna system |
US11032819B2 (en) | 2016-09-15 | 2021-06-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for use with a radio distributed antenna system having a control channel reference signal |
US10135146B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2018-11-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching guided waves via circuits |
US10135147B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2018-11-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching guided waves via an antenna |
US10340600B2 (en) | 2016-10-18 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching guided waves via plural waveguide systems |
US10374316B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2019-08-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System and dielectric antenna with non-uniform dielectric |
US9876605B1 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2018-01-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher and coupling system to support desired guided wave mode |
US10811767B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2020-10-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System and dielectric antenna with convex dielectric radome |
US9991580B2 (en) | 2016-10-21 | 2018-06-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher and coupling system for guided wave mode cancellation |
US10312567B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-06-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher with planar strip antenna and methods for use therewith |
US10340573B2 (en) | 2016-10-26 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher with cylindrical coupling device and methods for use therewith |
US10498044B2 (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2019-12-03 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for configuring a surface of an antenna |
US10225025B2 (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2019-03-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for detecting a fault in a communication system |
US10291334B2 (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2019-05-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | System for detecting a fault in a communication system |
US10224634B2 (en) | 2016-11-03 | 2019-03-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods and apparatus for adjusting an operational characteristic of an antenna |
US10178445B2 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2019-01-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Methods, devices, and systems for load balancing between a plurality of waveguides |
US10090594B2 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2018-10-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna system having structural configurations for assembly |
US10535928B2 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2020-01-14 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10340601B2 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Multi-antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10340603B2 (en) | 2016-11-23 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Antenna system having shielded structural configurations for assembly |
US10361489B2 (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2019-07-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dielectric dish antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10305190B2 (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2019-05-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Reflecting dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10382976B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2019-08-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for managing wireless communications based on communication paths and network device positions |
US10439675B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2019-10-08 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for repeating guided wave communication signals |
US10819035B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2020-10-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher with helical antenna and methods for use therewith |
US10727599B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2020-07-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Launcher with slot antenna and methods for use therewith |
US10755542B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2020-08-25 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for surveillance via guided wave communication |
US10020844B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2018-07-10 | T&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for broadcast communication via guided waves |
US10326494B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2019-06-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus for measurement de-embedding and methods for use therewith |
US10135145B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2018-11-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for generating an electromagnetic wave along a transmission medium |
US9927517B1 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2018-03-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for sensing rainfall |
US10637149B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2020-04-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Injection molded dielectric antenna and methods for use therewith |
US10694379B2 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2020-06-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Waveguide system with device-based authentication and methods for use therewith |
US10446936B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2019-10-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Multi-feed dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10359749B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2019-07-23 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for utilities management via guided wave communication |
US10243270B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2019-03-26 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Beam adaptive multi-feed dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10027397B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2018-07-17 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Distributed antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US10547348B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2020-01-28 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for switching transmission mediums in a communication system |
US10168695B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2019-01-01 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for controlling an unmanned aircraft |
US10139820B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2018-11-27 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for deploying equipment of a communication system |
US10389029B2 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2019-08-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Multi-feed dielectric antenna system with core selection and methods for use therewith |
US9893795B1 (en) | 2016-12-07 | 2018-02-13 | At&T Intellectual Property I, Lp | Method and repeater for broadband distribution |
US10530505B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2020-01-07 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching electromagnetic waves along a transmission medium |
US9998870B1 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2018-06-12 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for proximity sensing |
US10601494B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2020-03-24 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Dual-band communication device and method for use therewith |
US10777873B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2020-09-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for mounting network devices |
US10389037B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2019-08-20 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for selecting sections of an antenna array and use therewith |
US10069535B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2018-09-04 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for launching electromagnetic waves having a certain electric field structure |
US9911020B1 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2018-03-06 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for tracking via a radio frequency identification device |
US10326689B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2019-06-18 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and system for providing alternative communication paths |
US10411356B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2019-09-10 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for selectively targeting communication devices with an antenna array |
US10103422B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2018-10-16 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for mounting network devices |
US10916969B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2021-02-09 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for providing power using an inductive coupling |
US10938108B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2021-03-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Frequency selective multi-feed dielectric antenna system and methods for use therewith |
US9838896B1 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2017-12-05 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for assessing network coverage |
US10340983B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2019-07-02 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Method and apparatus for surveying remote sites via guided wave communications |
US10264586B2 (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2019-04-16 | At&T Mobility Ii Llc | Cloud-based packet controller and methods for use therewith |
US9973940B1 (en) | 2017-02-27 | 2018-05-15 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus and methods for dynamic impedance matching of a guided wave launcher |
US10298293B2 (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2019-05-21 | At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. | Apparatus of communication utilizing wireless network devices |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US9762289B2 (en) | 2017-09-12 |
US20170373720A1 (en) | 2017-12-28 |
US20180254800A1 (en) | 2018-09-06 |
US20160105218A1 (en) | 2016-04-14 |
US9991934B2 (en) | 2018-06-05 |
US10355746B2 (en) | 2019-07-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US10355746B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for transmitting or receiving signals in a transportation system | |
US10530423B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for sensing a condition in a transmission medium of electromagnetic waves | |
US10361750B2 (en) | Monitoring and mitigating conditions in a communication network | |
US9973416B2 (en) | Method and apparatus that provides fault tolerance in a communication network | |
WO2016081136A1 (en) | System for generating topology information and methods thereof | |
EP3210257A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for transmitting electromagnetic waves |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 15775286 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 15775286 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |