WO2016140298A1 - Air trap chamber - Google Patents

Air trap chamber Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016140298A1
WO2016140298A1 PCT/JP2016/056547 JP2016056547W WO2016140298A1 WO 2016140298 A1 WO2016140298 A1 WO 2016140298A1 JP 2016056547 W JP2016056547 W JP 2016056547W WO 2016140298 A1 WO2016140298 A1 WO 2016140298A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blood
replacement fluid
layer
storage space
air trap
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Application number
PCT/JP2016/056547
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
博信 杉山
船村　重彰
加藤　亮
真悟 岡本
Original Assignee
日機装株式会社
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Publication of WO2016140298A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016140298A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/36—Other treatment of blood in a by-pass of the natural circulatory system, e.g. temperature adaptation, irradiation ; Extra-corporeal blood circuits

Definitions

  • the present invention comprises a chamber having a housing space that is connected to a blood flow path for circulating blood and can form an air layer, a replacement fluid layer, and a blood layer, and air contained in blood flowing in the blood flow path
  • the present invention relates to an air trap chamber for capturing and removing with an air layer.
  • a blood purification apparatus for performing dialysis treatment purifies blood circulating extracorporeally in an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit that constitute a blood circuit for circulating a patient's blood extracorporeally.
  • Blood purifier and a device body on which various treatment means such as a blood pump for blood purification treatment with the blood circuit and the blood purifier are arranged.
  • An arterial puncture needle and a venous puncture needle can be attached to the tips of the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit, respectively.
  • the blood of the patient flows through the blood circuit (arterial blood circuit and venous blood circuit) by driving the blood pump.
  • Blood is purified by a blood purifier during the flow process.
  • an air trap chamber for capturing and removing air contained in blood circulating in the blood circuit is connected to the blood circuit.
  • a conventional air trap chamber for example, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, it has an accommodation space in which an air layer, a replacement fluid layer (a layer such as a physiological saline solution), and a blood layer can be formed in order from the top.
  • a replacement fluid layer a layer such as a physiological saline solution
  • a blood layer can be formed in order from the top.
  • a replacement fluid is formed by injecting a replacement fluid at the initial stage of treatment, or a replacement fluid layer is formed by continuously supplying a replacement fluid during the treatment.
  • the inflowing replacement fluid is strong, the above problem will occur.
  • the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an air trap chamber that can prevent blood coagulation reliably by suppressing diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer.
  • the invention described in claim 1 is composed of a chamber having an accommodation space that can be connected to a blood flow channel for circulating blood and can form an air layer, a replacement fluid layer, and a blood layer.
  • a replacement fluid introduction port capable of introducing a replacement fluid into the storage space, and a flow path of the replacement fluid between the replacement fluid introduction port and the storage space
  • a wall portion that can receive the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet and flow into the storage space.
  • the wall portion is formed over the entire circumference of the opening facing the accommodation space, and overflows the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet. It can be made to flow in the accommodation space.
  • the wall portion is formed to be higher at a portion facing the opening portion than a portion facing the replacement fluid inlet.
  • the wall portion is formed over a half circumference of the opening facing the accommodation space, and the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet is applied to the wall. It can be made to flow along the part and flow into the accommodation space.
  • the invention according to claim 5 is a blood circuit to which the air trap chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is connected.
  • the invention according to claim 6 is a blood purification apparatus to which the blood circuit according to claim 5 is attached.
  • the replacement fluid introduction port through which the replacement fluid can be introduced into the storage space, and the replacement fluid flow path formed between the replacement fluid introduction port and the storage space, the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid introduction port. Since the wall portion that can be received and allowed to flow into the accommodation space is provided, diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer can be suppressed and blood coagulation can be reliably prevented.
  • the wall portion is formed over the entire circumference of the opening facing the accommodation space, so that the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid introduction port can overflow and flow into the storage space. While reducing the momentum of the replacement fluid, the replacement fluid can be made to flow into the accommodation space substantially evenly.
  • the wall portion is formed higher at the portion facing the opening portion than the portion facing the replacement fluid inlet, the inflow of the replacement fluid into the accommodation space is made more uniform. Can do.
  • the wall portion is formed over a half circumference of the opening facing the storage space, and the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet is caused to flow along the wall portion and flow into the storage space.
  • the replacement fluid flowing into the accommodation space can be guided to the flow path along the wall portion while reducing the momentum of the replacement fluid flowing in.
  • a blood purification apparatus having the effect of the invention of claim 5 can be provided.
  • FIG. 1 The schematic diagram which shows the blood circuit and the blood purification apparatus to which the air trap chamber which concerns on embodiment of this invention is applied.
  • Front view and side view showing a dialysis machine body to which the air trap chamber is applied Plan view showing the dialysis machine body
  • the perspective view which shows the state attached to the dialyzer main body, and the air trap chamber which concerns on this embodiment was attached
  • the perspective view which shows the air trap chamber which concerns on embodiment of this invention Front view and side view showing the air trap chamber Sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. VIII-VIII sectional view in FIG. Sectional view showing the vicinity of the replacement fluid inlet in the air trap chamber Sectional drawing which shows the wall part in the air trap chamber
  • FIG. XII-XII sectional view in FIG. XIII-XIII cross-sectional view in FIG. The front view and side view which show the air trap chamber which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.
  • the air trap chamber according to the present embodiment is for capturing and removing air contained in blood circulating in the blood flow path, and is applied to the blood purification apparatus shown in FIG.
  • a blood purification apparatus is applied to a dialysis apparatus for purifying a patient's blood while circulating it outside the body, and includes a blood circuit 1, a dialyzer 2 as a blood purifier, And a dialysis machine main body A equipped with a monitor M (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
  • the dialyzer 2 is formed by housing a plurality of hollow fibers in which micropores (pores) are formed in a casing portion, and the blood inlet port 2a, blood outlet port 2b, dialysate inlet port are provided in the casing portion. 2c and dialysate outlet port 2d are formed.
  • the blood circuit 1 is a flexible circuit having an arterial blood circuit 1a in which an arterial puncture needle can be attached to the distal end and a venous blood circuit 1b in which a venous puncture needle can be attached to the distal end.
  • the proximal end of the arterial blood circuit 1a is connected to the blood introduction port 2a of the dialyzer 2, and the proximal end of the venous blood circuit 1b is connected to the blood outlet port 2b of the dialyzer 2.
  • this dialyzer can be attached with a dialysate introduction tube L1 for introducing dialysate into the dialyzer 2 and a dialysate lead-out tube L2 for extracting dialysate (drainage) from the dialyzer 2.
  • the tip of the liquid introduction tube L1 is connected to the dialysate introduction port 2c of the dialyzer 2
  • the tip of the dialysate lead-out tube L2 is connected to the dialysate lead-out port 2d of the dialyzer 2.
  • a replacement fluid introduction tube L3 that connects the dialysate introduction tube L1 and the venous blood circuit 1b is formed.
  • the arterial blood circuit 1a and the venous blood circuit 1b, the dialysate introduction tube L1, the dialysate lead-out tube L2, and the replacement fluid introduction tube L3 constituting the blood circuit 1 are all flexible tubes through which fluid can flow. It consists of.
  • a blood pump P1 is disposed in the middle of the arterial blood circuit 1a.
  • the blood pump P1 is disposed at a portion (see FIG. 3) to which the case C is attached, and includes a rotor that rotates within the inner peripheral surface of the stator, and a pair of rollers formed on the rotor.
  • a squeezing type pump configured to feed liquid by a pair of rollers squeezing a flexible tube D1 for squeezing that is connected to the arterial blood circuit 1a by rotating the rotor in the liquid flow direction. Consists of.
  • the ironing flexible tube D2 is connected in the middle of the dialysate introduction tube L1, and the ironing flexible tube D3 is in the middle of the replacement fluid introduction tube L3. And are attached to ironing type pumps P2 and P3 provided in the dialysis machine, respectively. Furthermore, the ironing flexible tube D4 is connected to the dialysate outlet tube L2 and attached to the ironing pump P4 provided in the dialysis machine. And it is comprised so that drainage can be discharged
  • the ironing pumps P2 to P4 are disposed at a portion (see FIG. 3) to which the case C is attached, and are formed on the rotor that rotates within the inner peripheral surface of the stator and the rotor.
  • a pair of rollers, and the pair of rollers squeeze the flexible tubes (D2 to D4) for ironing that are connected to the flow path by rotating the rotor in the liquid flow direction.
  • the liquid can be sent.
  • the specific configuration of the ironing pumps P2 to P4 is the same as that of the blood pump P1, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the present dialysis apparatus is provided with the blood pump P1 and the ironing type pumps (P2 to P4), and the case C is a flexible tube for ironing in which each flow path is connected. (D1 to D4) are formed, and when the case C is attached to the dialyzer, the ironing flexible tube D1 is set to the blood pump P1, and the ironing flexible tube (D2 to D4) are set to the ironing type pumps P2 to P4, respectively.
  • the case C is fitted and attached to a portion (stator) where the blood pump P1 and the ironing pumps P2 to P4 in the dialysis apparatus are disposed (see FIGS. 2 and 3), and the cover H is closed.
  • the ironing flexible tubes (D1 to D4) are collectively attached to the blood pump P1 and the ironing pumps (P2 to P4).
  • a storage bag B1 containing a dialysate to be supplied to the dialyzer 2 is connected to the proximal end of the dialysate introduction tube L1.
  • a heating bag (not shown) for heating the dialysate is connected to the dialysate introduction tube L1.
  • the storage bag B1 is configured to be hooked on a hook F formed in the dialysis apparatus and to measure the weight in real time by the weigh scale 3. Thereby, the dialysate can be supplied to the dialyzer 2 at the set flow rate, and the dialysate can be discharged from the dialyzer 2.
  • the ironing flexible tube D3 is connected to the replacement fluid introducing tube L3 branched from the dialysate introducing tube L1, and the ironing flexible tube D3 is connected to the ironing pump P3. It is attached. Then, by driving the squeezing pumps P2 and P3, the dialysate in the storage bag B1 can be supplied to the air trap chamber 5 connected to the venous blood circuit 1b to form the replacement fluid layer ⁇ . ing.
  • the air trap chamber 5 may be connected to the arterial blood circuit 1a, and the distal end of the replacement fluid introduction tube L3 may be connected to the air trap chamber 5 to supply the dialysate.
  • the air trap chamber 5 is attached to the case C, and is connected to the replacement fluid introduction tube L3 and the blood circuit 1 (venous side blood circuit 1b).
  • the air trap chamber 5 includes a chamber that is connected to a blood circuit 1 that circulates blood and has an accommodation space in which an air layer ⁇ , a replacement fluid layer ⁇ , and a blood layer ⁇ can be formed in order from the top. The air contained in the circulating blood is captured and removed by the air layer ⁇ .
  • the lower chamber portion 5a has a first storage space S1 that is connected to the blood circuit 1 (venous side blood circuit 1b) and can store the blood flowing through the blood circuit 1, and the first storage space S1.
  • a blood inlet 5aa through which blood can be introduced and a blood outlet 5ab through which blood can be led out are formed.
  • the blood introduction port 5aa is extended in a substantially horizontal direction from a substantially central portion of the lower chamber portion 5a so that blood can flow into the first storage space S1, and the blood outlet port 5ab is provided in the lower chamber portion 5a. It extends in a substantially horizontal direction from the lower portion of the blood and allows blood in the first storage space S1 to flow out.
  • the blood layer ⁇ is formed by the blood introduced into the first accommodation space S1.
  • the upper chamber part 5b is formed in the upper part of the lower chamber part 5a and has a second storage space S2 that can store a replacement fluid (dialysate in the present embodiment), and a replacement fluid is supplied to the second storage space S2.
  • a replacement fluid introduction port 5ba that can be introduced and a monitor opening 5bb to which a tube (not shown) for monitoring the pressure of the air layer ⁇ can be connected are formed.
  • the upper chamber portion 5b according to the present embodiment includes a cover member K, and a replacement fluid inlet 5ba and a monitor opening 5bb are formed in the cover member K.
  • the replacement fluid inlet 5ba extends in a substantially horizontal direction from the upper chamber portion 5b so that the replacement fluid can flow into the second storage space S2, and the replacement fluid layer ⁇ is formed by the flowed replacement fluid.
  • the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer is not limited to the dialysate as in this embodiment, but may be other fluids such as physiological saline as long as they are harmless even if introduced into the patient's body.
  • the upper chamber portion 5b may not have the cover member K. In that case, the replacement fluid inlet 5ba and the like are directly formed in the upper chamber portion 5b integrally formed from the lower chamber portion 5a. .
  • the step portion 5c is located at the boundary between the upper chamber portion 5b and the lower chamber portion 5a, and the upper chamber portion 5b side is cross-sectional area (parallel to the inflow direction of blood or replacement fluid) than the lower chamber portion 5a side, and This is a portion formed in a step shape so that the cross-sectional area in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction is small. That is, the boundary between the upper chamber portion 5b and the lower chamber portion 5a is formed in a step shape at the step portion 5c, and the upper cross-sectional area of the step portion 5c is formed to be smaller than the lower cross-sectional area. It is.
  • a blood layer ⁇ is formed in the first storage space S1, and an air layer ⁇ is formed in the second storage space S2, and the replacement fluid layer ⁇ is disposed above the step portion 5c between the air layer ⁇ and the blood layer ⁇ .
  • the amount of the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba is set. Accordingly, when blood flows into the first storage space S1 from the blood introduction port 5aa, the blood flow to the second storage space S2 above the stepped portion 5c is reduced, and the replacement fluid in the second storage space S2 is diffused.
  • the blood flow in the second storage space S2 can be secured to some extent, and the blood in the lower part of the second storage space S2 can be prevented from staying.
  • the blood introduction port 5aa has an opening R (the second accommodation space S2 in the second accommodation space S2 of the upper chamber portion 5b).
  • the part opened to the front) is formed at a position outside the range W projected on the first accommodation space S1 side. That is, if the deviation (offset dimension) of the center line of the blood introduction port 5aa relative to the center line of the second accommodation space S2 is Of, the width dimension of the second accommodation space S2 is Mm, and the inner diameter dimension of the blood introduction port 5aa is mm,
  • the blood inlet 5aa is formed at a position having a relationship of Of ⁇ (Mm + mm) / 2.
  • the lower chamber portion 5a has a bowl-shaped portion (that is, a portion protruding laterally) on the side where the blood introduction port 5aa is formed (the inner peripheral surface is curved). And a circular shape when viewed from the front.
  • blood flowing from the blood introduction port 5aa at the position facing the blood introduction port 5aa on the inner wall surface of the first storage space S1 is vertically (see the vertical arrow in FIG. 7) and side (see FIG. 7).
  • a curved surface G1 is formed which can be divided into two (see arrow 8).
  • the blood introduced into the first accommodation space S1 from the blood introduction port 5aa avoids the portion where the second accommodation space S2 is projected (the portion where the opening R is projected in the vertical direction on the paper surface in FIG. 8).
  • the blood layer ⁇ is formed, and then the blood is led out from the blood outlet 5ab. Therefore, the blood that has flowed into the first accommodation space S1 from the blood introduction port 5aa can be divided at the curved surface G1, and a part of the divided flow can be caused to flow into the second accommodation space S2.
  • the upper chamber portion 5b and the lower chamber portion 5a have an oval cross section (the shape of the inner peripheral wall surface constituting the first accommodation space S1 and the second accommodation space S2).
  • the wall portion 6 is a portion formed in the upper chamber portion 5b, and is formed on the flow path of the replacement fluid between the replacement fluid inlet 5ba and the second storage space S2.
  • the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba can be received and flowed into the second storage space S2.
  • the wall portion 6 according to the present embodiment is formed over the entire circumference of the opening R facing the second storage space S2, and overflows the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba. It is comprised so that it can be made to flow in accommodation space S2.
  • the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba diverges along the wall portion 6 and then flows along the wall portion 6, and the outer peripheral wall surface and the cover member of the wall portion 6.
  • the wall portion 6 overflows toward the opening R and enters the second storage space S ⁇ b> 2.
  • the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba vigorously flows into the second storage space S2 as it is, making it difficult to form the replacement fluid layer ⁇ , or the replacement fluid of the formed replacement fluid layer ⁇ diffuses. Can be suppressed.
  • a wall portion 6 ′ formed with a portion G3 facing the opening R higher than the portion G2 facing the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba is formed higher. Good.
  • the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba flows into the portion G2 of the wall portion 6 ′, and then flows along the wall portion 6 ′ to reach the portion G3.
  • the part G3 of the wall part 6 ′ is higher than the other parts (the height of the wall part 6 ′ gradually increases from the part G2 toward the part G3). Therefore, the replacement fluid overflows the wall 6 'almost uniformly.
  • a wall portion 6 ′′ formed over a half circumference of the opening R facing the accommodation space (second accommodation space S2) may be used.
  • the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba can flow along the wall portion 6 ′′ and flow into the storage space (second storage space S2). That is, as shown in FIG. 16, the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba flows into the portion G of the wall portion 6 ′′ and then flows along the wall portion 6 ′′, and then flows through the opening portion R. 2 will flow into the storage space S2.
  • the wall 6 ′′ is formed over the half circumference of the opening R facing the accommodation space (second accommodation space S2), and the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba is the wall 6 ′′. Therefore, it is possible to guide the replacement fluid flowing into the second storage space S2 to the flow path along the wall portion 6 ′′ while reducing the momentum of the replacement fluid flowing into the second storage space S2. it can.
  • a replacement fluid introduction port 5ba that can introduce a replacement fluid into the second storage space S2, and a flow path of the replacement fluid between the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba and the second storage space S2, the replacement fluid introduction Since the wall portion (6, 6 ′, 6 ′′) that can receive the replacement fluid introduced from the port 5ba and flow into the second storage space S2, the diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer ⁇ is suppressed and blood coagulation is ensured. Can be prevented.
  • the wall part 6 which concerns on this embodiment is formed over the perimeter of the opening part R which faced 2nd accommodation space S2, overflows the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba, and enters 2nd storage space S2. Since it can be made to flow in, the replacement fluid can be made to flow into the second storage space S2 substantially evenly while reducing the momentum of the replacement fluid flowing in. Furthermore, as in the other embodiments shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the wall 6 ′ is formed to be higher in the part G3 facing the opening R than the part G2 facing the replacement fluid inlet 5ba. If it makes it, inflow of the replacement fluid with respect to 2nd accommodation space S2 can be equalized more.
  • the blood circuit 1 having the effect of the air trap chamber 5 as described above can be provided.
  • a blood purification device having the effect can be provided.
  • the first storage space S1 is connected to the blood circuit 1 (blood flow channel) and can store blood flowing through the blood circuit 1, and the first storage space S1 includes the first storage space S1.
  • a blood inlet 5aa through which blood can be introduced and a blood outlet 5ab through which blood can be led out are respectively formed in the lower chamber portion 5a, and a second chamber capable of accommodating a replacement fluid.
  • the upper chamber part 5b is formed at the boundary between the upper chamber part 5b and the lower chamber part 5a.
  • the upper chamber portion 5b side has a step portion 5c formed in a step shape so that the cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the lower chamber portion 5a side, diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer ⁇ and It is possible to reliably prevent blood clotting by suppressing the accumulation of blood in the liquid phase alpha.
  • a blood layer ⁇ is formed in the first storage space S1
  • an air layer ⁇ is formed in the second storage space S2
  • a replacement fluid layer ⁇ is formed above the step portion 5c between the air layer ⁇ and the blood layer ⁇ . Since it is formed (that is, there is a boundary between the blood layer ⁇ and the replacement fluid layer ⁇ in the second storage space S2), the diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer ⁇ and the retention of blood in the blood layer ⁇ can be more reliably suppressed. it can.
  • the blood introduction port 5aa is formed at a position outside the range W in which the opening R of the second storage space S2 of the upper chamber portion 5b is projected to the first storage space S1 side, and therefore is directed to the replacement fluid layer ⁇ .
  • the momentum of the blood flow can be reduced more reliably, and the diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer ⁇ and the retention of blood in the blood layer ⁇ (particularly, the blood layer ⁇ located in the second accommodation space S2) can be more reliably performed. Can be suppressed.
  • the blood flowing into the first storage space S1 from the blood introduction port 5aa is located above the top surface of the step portion 5c at the boundary with the second storage space S2, so that the replacement fluid layer ⁇ in the second storage space S2 However, after the momentum is reduced, it flows into the replacement fluid layer ⁇ .
  • a curved surface G1 that can divert blood flowing in from the blood introduction port 5aa vertically and laterally is formed at a position facing the blood introduction port 5aa on the inner wall surface of the first accommodation space S1
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the present invention is not divided into the upper chamber portion 5b and the lower chamber portion 5a, and the lower chamber portion 5a has one accommodating space inside. What is not offset in the width direction with respect to the upper chamber portion 5b, one in which the curved surface G1 is not formed at a position facing the blood introduction port 5aa on the inner wall surface of the first accommodation space, or a blood introduction port instead of the curved surface G1
  • the blood flowing in from 5aa may be divided in the vertical direction, and the inclined surface may have a larger flow rate in the downward flow than in the upward flow.
  • the wall portion is formed on the flow path of the replacement fluid between the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba and the storage space (second storage space S2), receives the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba, and receives the second storage space S2.
  • second storage space S2 the storage space
  • it is good also as a convex part etc. which were projected and formed between the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba and the opening part R (it is not limited to what was erected along the circumferential direction of the opening part R).
  • the applied blood purification treatment is not limited to dialysis treatment, and may be a blood purification device for other treatments that purifies the patient's blood while circulating it extracorporeally.
  • a replacement fluid introduction port that can introduce a replacement fluid into the storage space, and a wall that is formed on a flow path of the replacement fluid between the replacement fluid introduction port and the storage space and that can receive the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid introduction port and flow into the storage space
  • it is an air trap chamber having a portion, it may be one with other functions added.
  • Blood circuit 1a Arterial blood circuit (flow path) 1b Venous blood circuit (flow path) 2 Dialyzer (blood purifier) 3 Weighing Scale 5 Air Trap Chamber 5a Lower Chamber 5b Upper Chamber 5c Step 6, 6 ', 6 "Wall

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Abstract

Provided is an air trap chamber capable of reliably preventing blood coagulation by suppressing the diffusion of replenishing fluid in a replenishing fluid layer. This air trap chamber 5 is constituted by a chamber including a containing space that is connected to a blood circuit where blood is circulated, and that is capable of forming an air layer, a replenishing fluid layer, and a blood layer, the air trap chamber being for the purpose of trapping, in the air layer, air included in the blood circulating through the blood circuit and removing the air, the air trap chamber comprising: a replenishing fluid inlet 5ba capable of introducing replenishing fluid to the containing space; and a wall part 6 that is formed in a flow path of the replenishing fluid between the replenishing fluid inlet 5ba and the containing space, and that is capable of receiving replenishing fluid introduced from the replenishing fluid inlet 5ba and letting the replenishing fluid flow into the containing space.

Description

エアトラップチャンバAir trap chamber
　本発明は、血液を流通させる血液流路に接続されて空気層、補液層及び血液層を形成し得る収容空間を有したチャンバから成り、当該血液流路にて流通する血液に含まれる空気を空気層で捕捉して除去するためのエアトラップチャンバに関するものである。 The present invention comprises a chamber having a housing space that is connected to a blood flow path for circulating blood and can form an air layer, a replacement fluid layer, and a blood layer, and air contained in blood flowing in the blood flow path The present invention relates to an air trap chamber for capturing and removing with an air layer.
　一般に、透析治療を行うための血液浄化装置は、患者の血液を体外循環させるための血液回路を構成する動脈側血液回路及び静脈側血液回路と、血液回路にて体外循環する血液を浄化するための血液浄化器と、血液回路及び血液浄化器にて血液浄化治療させるための血液ポンプ等の種々の治療手段が配設された装置本体とを具備している。動脈側血液回路及び静脈側血液回路の先端には、それぞれ動脈側穿刺針及び静脈側穿刺針が取り付け可能とされている。 In general, a blood purification apparatus for performing dialysis treatment purifies blood circulating extracorporeally in an arterial blood circuit and a venous blood circuit that constitute a blood circuit for circulating a patient's blood extracorporeally. Blood purifier, and a device body on which various treatment means such as a blood pump for blood purification treatment with the blood circuit and the blood purifier are arranged. An arterial puncture needle and a venous puncture needle can be attached to the tips of the arterial blood circuit and the venous blood circuit, respectively.
　そして、動脈側穿刺針及び静脈側穿刺針を患者に穿刺した後、血液ポンプを駆動させることにより、患者の血液が血液回路（動脈側血液回路及び静脈側血液回路）を流動することとなり、その流動過程において血液浄化器にて血液浄化されるようになっている。血液回路には、通常、血液回路にて流通する血液に含まれる空気を捕捉して除去するためのエアトラップチャンバが接続されている。 Then, after puncturing the patient with the arterial puncture needle and the venous side puncture needle, the blood of the patient flows through the blood circuit (arterial blood circuit and venous blood circuit) by driving the blood pump. Blood is purified by a blood purifier during the flow process. Normally, an air trap chamber for capturing and removing air contained in blood circulating in the blood circuit is connected to the blood circuit.
　従来のエアトラップチャンバとして、例えば特許文献１、２にて開示されているように、上から順に空気層、補液層（生理食塩液等の層）及び血液層を形成し得る収容空間を有したチャンバから成り、血液回路にて流通する血液に含まれる空気を空気層で捕捉して除去するものが挙げられる。すなわち、血液層と空気層との間に補液層を介在させることにより、血液層の血液が空気層の空気に直接触れてしまうのを回避することができ、血液凝固を抑制することができるのである。 As a conventional air trap chamber, for example, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2, it has an accommodation space in which an air layer, a replacement fluid layer (a layer such as a physiological saline solution), and a blood layer can be formed in order from the top. There is one that consists of a chamber and traps and removes air contained in blood circulating in the blood circuit with an air layer. That is, by interposing a replacement fluid layer between the blood layer and the air layer, it is possible to avoid blood in the blood layer from directly touching the air in the air layer, and blood coagulation can be suppressed. is there.
実用新案登録３１２８７２４号公報Utility Model Registration No. 3128724 特表２００５－５３０５４３号公報JP 2005-530543 Gazette
　しかしながら、上記従来のエアトラップチャンバにおいては、その内部の収容空間に補液を流入させて補液層を形成するとき、流入する補液の勢いが強い場合、補液層の補液が拡散して血液凝固を防止する効果が低減してしまう虞があった。なお、エアトラップチャンバにおいては、専ら治療初期に補液を流入させて補液層を形成するもの、或いは治療中継続して補液を流入させて補液層を形成するものがあるが、いずれの場合であっても流入する補液の勢いが強い場合、上記問題が生じてしまう。 However, in the above-described conventional air trap chamber, when the replacement fluid is formed by flowing the replacement fluid into the accommodating space inside the chamber, if the flow of the replacement fluid is strong, the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer is diffused to prevent blood coagulation. There is a risk that the effect of the reduction will be reduced. In some air trap chambers, a replacement fluid is formed by injecting a replacement fluid at the initial stage of treatment, or a replacement fluid layer is formed by continuously supplying a replacement fluid during the treatment. However, if the inflowing replacement fluid is strong, the above problem will occur.
　本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたもので、補液層の補液の拡散を抑制して血液凝固を確実に防止することができるエアトラップチャンバを提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an air trap chamber that can prevent blood coagulation reliably by suppressing diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer.
　請求項１記載の発明は、血液を流通させる血液流路に接続されて空気層、補液層及び血液層を形成し得る収容空間を有したチャンバから成り、当該血液流路にて流通する血液に含まれる空気を前記空気層で捕捉して除去するためのエアトラップチャンバにおいて、前記収容空間に補液を導入し得る補液導入口と、前記補液導入口と収容空間との間における補液の流動経路上に形成され、当該補液導入口から導入した補液を受けて前記収容空間に流入させ得る壁部とを具備したことを特徴とする。 The invention described in claim 1 is composed of a chamber having an accommodation space that can be connected to a blood flow channel for circulating blood and can form an air layer, a replacement fluid layer, and a blood layer. In an air trap chamber for capturing and removing air contained in the air layer, a replacement fluid introduction port capable of introducing a replacement fluid into the storage space, and a flow path of the replacement fluid between the replacement fluid introduction port and the storage space And a wall portion that can receive the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet and flow into the storage space.
　請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載のエアトラップチャンバにおいて、前記壁部は、前記収容空間を臨んだ開口部の全周に亘って形成され、前記補液導入口から導入した補液をオーバーフローさせて前記収容空間に流入させ得ることを特徴とする。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the air trap chamber according to the first aspect, the wall portion is formed over the entire circumference of the opening facing the accommodation space, and overflows the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet. It can be made to flow in the accommodation space.
　請求項３記載の発明は、請求項２記載のエアトラップチャンバにおいて、前記壁部は、前記補液導入口と対峙した部位より前記開口部を挟んで対向する部位の方が高く形成されたことを特徴とする。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the air trap chamber according to the second aspect, the wall portion is formed to be higher at a portion facing the opening portion than a portion facing the replacement fluid inlet. Features.
　請求項４記載の発明は、請求項１記載のエアトラップチャンバにおいて、前記壁部は、前記収容空間を臨んだ開口部の半周に亘って形成され、前記補液導入口から導入した補液を当該壁部に沿って流動させて前記収容空間に流入させ得ることを特徴とする。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the air trap chamber according to the first aspect, the wall portion is formed over a half circumference of the opening facing the accommodation space, and the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet is applied to the wall. It can be made to flow along the part and flow into the accommodation space.
　請求項５記載の発明は、請求項１～４の何れか１つに記載のエアトラップチャンバが接続されたことを特徴とする血液回路である。 The invention according to claim 5 is a blood circuit to which the air trap chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is connected.
　請求項６記載の発明は、請求項５記載の血液回路が取り付けられたことを特徴とする血液浄化装置である。 The invention according to claim 6 is a blood purification apparatus to which the blood circuit according to claim 5 is attached.
　請求項１の発明によれば、収容空間に補液を導入し得る補液導入口と、補液導入口と収容空間との間における補液の流動経路上に形成され、当該補液導入口から導入した補液を受けて収容空間に流入させ得る壁部とを具備したので、補液層の補液の拡散を抑制して血液凝固を確実に防止することができる。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, the replacement fluid introduction port through which the replacement fluid can be introduced into the storage space, and the replacement fluid flow path formed between the replacement fluid introduction port and the storage space, the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid introduction port. Since the wall portion that can be received and allowed to flow into the accommodation space is provided, diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer can be suppressed and blood coagulation can be reliably prevented.
　請求項２の発明によれば、壁部は、収容空間を臨んだ開口部の全周に亘って形成され、補液導入口から導入した補液をオーバーフローさせて収容空間に流入させ得るので、流入する補液の勢いを低減させつつ収容空間に対して略均等に補液を流入させることができる。 According to the second aspect of the present invention, the wall portion is formed over the entire circumference of the opening facing the accommodation space, so that the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid introduction port can overflow and flow into the storage space. While reducing the momentum of the replacement fluid, the replacement fluid can be made to flow into the accommodation space substantially evenly.
　請求項３の発明によれば、壁部は、補液導入口と対峙した部位より開口部を挟んで対向する部位の方が高く形成されたので、収容空間に対する補液の流入をより均等化させることができる。 According to the invention of claim 3, since the wall portion is formed higher at the portion facing the opening portion than the portion facing the replacement fluid inlet, the inflow of the replacement fluid into the accommodation space is made more uniform. Can do.
　請求項４の発明によれば、壁部は、収容空間を臨んだ開口部の半周に亘って形成され、補液導入口から導入した補液を当該壁部に沿って流動させて収容空間に流入させ得るので、流入する補液の勢いを低減させつつ収容空間に流入する補液を壁部に沿った流路に案内することができる。 According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the wall portion is formed over a half circumference of the opening facing the storage space, and the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet is caused to flow along the wall portion and flow into the storage space. Thus, the replacement fluid flowing into the accommodation space can be guided to the flow path along the wall portion while reducing the momentum of the replacement fluid flowing in.
　請求項５の発明によれば、請求項１～４の発明の効果を有した血液回路を提供することができる。 According to the invention of claim 5, it is possible to provide a blood circuit having the effects of the inventions of claims 1 to 4.
　請求項６の発明によれば、請求項５の発明の効果を有した血液浄化装置を提供することができる。 According to the invention of claim 6, a blood purification apparatus having the effect of the invention of claim 5 can be provided.
本発明の実施形態に係るエアトラップチャンバが適用される血液回路及び血液浄化装置を示す模式図The schematic diagram which shows the blood circuit and the blood purification apparatus to which the air trap chamber which concerns on embodiment of this invention is applied. 同エアトラップチャンバが適用される透析装置本体を示す正面図及び側面図Front view and side view showing a dialysis machine body to which the air trap chamber is applied 同透析装置本体を示す平面図Plan view showing the dialysis machine body 同透析装置本体に取り付けられるケースであって本実施形態に係るエアトラップチャンバが取り付けられた状態を示す斜視図The perspective view which shows the state attached to the dialyzer main body, and the air trap chamber which concerns on this embodiment was attached 本発明の実施形態に係るエアトラップチャンバを示す斜視図The perspective view which shows the air trap chamber which concerns on embodiment of this invention 同エアトラップチャンバを示す正面図及び側面図Front view and side view showing the air trap chamber 図６中ＶＩＩ－ＶＩＩ線断面図Sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. 図６中ＶＩＩＩ－ＶＩＩＩ線断面図VIII-VIII sectional view in FIG. 同エアトラップチャンバにおける補液導入口近傍を示す断面図Sectional view showing the vicinity of the replacement fluid inlet in the air trap chamber 同エアトラップチャンバにおける壁部を示す断面図Sectional drawing which shows the wall part in the air trap chamber 本発明の他の実施形態に係るエアトラップチャンバを示す正面図及び側面図The front view and side view which show the air trap chamber which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. 図１１中ＸＩＩ－ＸＩＩ線断面図XII-XII sectional view in FIG. 図１１中ＸＩＩＩ－ＸＩＩＩ線断面図XIII-XIII cross-sectional view in FIG. 本発明の更に他の実施形態に係るエアトラップチャンバを示す正面図及び側面図The front view and side view which show the air trap chamber which concerns on other embodiment of this invention. 図１４中ＸＶ－ＸＶ線断面図XV-XV sectional view in FIG. 図１４中ＸＶＩ－ＸＶＩ線断面図XVI-XVI sectional view in FIG.
　以下、本発明の実施形態について図面を参照しながら具体的に説明する。
　本実施形態に係るエアトラップチャンバは、血液流路にて流通する血液に含まれる空気を捕捉して除去するためのもので、図１で示す血液浄化装置に適用されたものである。かかる血液浄化装置は、図１～３に示すように、患者の血液を体外循環させつつ浄化するための透析装置に適用されたもので、血液回路１と、血液浄化器としてのダイアライザ２と、モニタＭ（図２、３参照）を具備した透析装置本体Ａとを有して構成されている。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
The air trap chamber according to the present embodiment is for capturing and removing air contained in blood circulating in the blood flow path, and is applied to the blood purification apparatus shown in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, such a blood purification apparatus is applied to a dialysis apparatus for purifying a patient's blood while circulating it outside the body, and includes a blood circuit 1, a dialyzer 2 as a blood purifier, And a dialysis machine main body A equipped with a monitor M (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
　ダイアライザ２は、微小孔（ポア）が形成された複数の中空糸を筐体部に収容して成るものであり、その筐体部に、血液導入ポート２ａ、血液導出ポート２ｂ、透析液導入ポート２ｃ及び透析液導出ポート２ｄが形成されている。また、血液回路１は、先端に動脈側穿刺針が取り付け可能とされた動脈側血液回路１ａと、先端に静脈側穿刺針が取り付け可能とされた静脈側血液回路１ｂとを有した可撓性チューブから構成されたもので、動脈側血液回路１ａの基端がダイアライザ２の血液導入ポート２ａに接続されるとともに、静脈側血液回路１ｂの基端がダイアライザ２の血液導出ポート２ｂに接続されている。 The dialyzer 2 is formed by housing a plurality of hollow fibers in which micropores (pores) are formed in a casing portion, and the blood inlet port 2a, blood outlet port 2b, dialysate inlet port are provided in the casing portion. 2c and dialysate outlet port 2d are formed. In addition, the blood circuit 1 is a flexible circuit having an arterial blood circuit 1a in which an arterial puncture needle can be attached to the distal end and a venous blood circuit 1b in which a venous puncture needle can be attached to the distal end. It is composed of a tube, and the proximal end of the arterial blood circuit 1a is connected to the blood introduction port 2a of the dialyzer 2, and the proximal end of the venous blood circuit 1b is connected to the blood outlet port 2b of the dialyzer 2. Yes.
　さらに、本透析装置には、ダイアライザ２に透析液を導入する透析液導入チューブＬ１と、ダイアライザ２から透析液（排液）を導出する透析液導出チューブＬ２とを取り付け可能とされており、透析液導入チューブＬ１の先端がダイアライザ２の透析液導入ポート２ｃに接続されるとともに、透析液導出チューブＬ２の先端がダイアライザ２の透析液導出ポート２ｄに接続されている。また、本実施形態においては、透析液導入チューブＬ１と静脈側血液回路１ｂとを接続する補液導入チューブＬ３が形成されている。なお、血液回路１を構成する動脈側血液回路１ａ及び静脈側血液回路１ｂ、透析液導入チューブＬ１、透析液導出チューブＬ２並びに補液導入チューブＬ３は、何れも液体が流通し得る可撓性チューブから成るものである。 Furthermore, this dialyzer can be attached with a dialysate introduction tube L1 for introducing dialysate into the dialyzer 2 and a dialysate lead-out tube L2 for extracting dialysate (drainage) from the dialyzer 2. The tip of the liquid introduction tube L1 is connected to the dialysate introduction port 2c of the dialyzer 2, and the tip of the dialysate lead-out tube L2 is connected to the dialysate lead-out port 2d of the dialyzer 2. In the present embodiment, a replacement fluid introduction tube L3 that connects the dialysate introduction tube L1 and the venous blood circuit 1b is formed. The arterial blood circuit 1a and the venous blood circuit 1b, the dialysate introduction tube L1, the dialysate lead-out tube L2, and the replacement fluid introduction tube L3 constituting the blood circuit 1 are all flexible tubes through which fluid can flow. It consists of.
　またさらに、動脈側血液回路１ａの途中には、血液ポンプＰ１が配設されている。かかる血液ポンプＰ１は、ケースＣが取り付けられる部位（図３参照）に配設されたもので、ステータの内周面内で回転するロータと、ロータに形成された一対のローラとを具備して構成されており、液体の流通方向にロータが回転して動脈側血液回路１ａに接続された被しごき用可撓性チューブＤ１を一対のローラがそれぞれしごくことにより送液可能とされたしごき型ポンプから成る。 Furthermore, a blood pump P1 is disposed in the middle of the arterial blood circuit 1a. The blood pump P1 is disposed at a portion (see FIG. 3) to which the case C is attached, and includes a rotor that rotates within the inner peripheral surface of the stator, and a pair of rollers formed on the rotor. A squeezing type pump configured to feed liquid by a pair of rollers squeezing a flexible tube D1 for squeezing that is connected to the arterial blood circuit 1a by rotating the rotor in the liquid flow direction. Consists of.
　また、図１、３に示すように、被しごき用可撓性チューブＤ２は、透析液導入チューブＬ１の途中に接続されるとともに、被しごき用可撓性チューブＤ３は、補液導入チューブＬ３の途中に接続され、本透析装置に配設されたしごき型ポンプＰ２、Ｐ３にそれぞれ取り付けられる。さらに、被しごき用可撓性チューブＤ４は、透析液導出チューブＬ２の途中に接続され、本透析装置に配設されたしごき型ポンプＰ４に取り付けられる。そして、しごき型ポンプＰ４の駆動によって排液を系外に排出し得るよう構成されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the ironing flexible tube D2 is connected in the middle of the dialysate introduction tube L1, and the ironing flexible tube D3 is in the middle of the replacement fluid introduction tube L3. And are attached to ironing type pumps P2 and P3 provided in the dialysis machine, respectively. Furthermore, the ironing flexible tube D4 is connected to the dialysate outlet tube L2 and attached to the ironing pump P4 provided in the dialysis machine. And it is comprised so that drainage can be discharged | emitted out of the system by the drive of the ironing type pump P4.
　しごき型ポンプＰ２～Ｐ４は、血液ポンプＰ１と同様、ケースＣが取り付けられる部位（図３参照）に配設されたもので、ステータの内周面内で回転するロータと、ロータに形成された一対のローラとを具備して構成されており、液体の流通方向にロータが回転して流路に接続された被しごき用可撓性チューブ（Ｄ２～Ｄ４）を一対のローラがそれぞれしごくことにより送液可能とされたものである。なお、しごき型ポンプＰ２～Ｐ４の具体的な構成については、血液ポンプＰ１と同様であるため、詳細な説明を省略する。 Like the blood pump P1, the ironing pumps P2 to P4 are disposed at a portion (see FIG. 3) to which the case C is attached, and are formed on the rotor that rotates within the inner peripheral surface of the stator and the rotor. A pair of rollers, and the pair of rollers squeeze the flexible tubes (D2 to D4) for ironing that are connected to the flow path by rotating the rotor in the liquid flow direction. The liquid can be sent. The specific configuration of the ironing pumps P2 to P4 is the same as that of the blood pump P1, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
　このように、本透析装置には、血液ポンプＰ１及びしごき型ポンプ（Ｐ２～Ｐ４）が配設されるとともに、ケースＣには、各流路が接続された状態の被しごき用可撓性チューブ（Ｄ１～Ｄ４）が形成されており、本透析装置にケースＣを取り付けると、被しごき用可撓性チューブＤ１が血液ポンプＰ１に対してセット状態とされるとともに、被しごき用可撓性チューブ（Ｄ２～Ｄ４）がしごき型ポンプＰ２～Ｐ４に対してそれぞれセット状態とされるようになっている。 As described above, the present dialysis apparatus is provided with the blood pump P1 and the ironing type pumps (P2 to P4), and the case C is a flexible tube for ironing in which each flow path is connected. (D1 to D4) are formed, and when the case C is attached to the dialyzer, the ironing flexible tube D1 is set to the blood pump P1, and the ironing flexible tube (D2 to D4) are set to the ironing type pumps P2 to P4, respectively.
　しかして、ケースＣを本透析装置における血液ポンプＰ１及びしごき型ポンプＰ２～Ｐ４が配設された部位（ステータ）に嵌合して取り付け（図２、３参照）、カバーＨを閉じることにより、被しごき用可撓性チューブ（Ｄ１～Ｄ４）が血液ポンプＰ１及びしごき型ポンプ（Ｐ２～Ｐ４）に一括して取り付けられるようになっている。そして、動脈側穿刺針及び静脈側穿刺針を患者に穿刺した後、血液ポンプＰ１（血液ポンプ）を駆動させると、動脈側血液回路１ａ及び静脈側血液回路１ｂにおいて患者の血液を体外循環させ得るようになっている。 Then, the case C is fitted and attached to a portion (stator) where the blood pump P1 and the ironing pumps P2 to P4 in the dialysis apparatus are disposed (see FIGS. 2 and 3), and the cover H is closed. The ironing flexible tubes (D1 to D4) are collectively attached to the blood pump P1 and the ironing pumps (P2 to P4). When the blood pump P1 (blood pump) is driven after puncturing the patient with the arterial puncture needle and the venous side puncture needle, the patient's blood can be circulated extracorporeally in the arterial blood circuit 1a and the venous blood circuit 1b. It is like that.
　一方、透析液導入チューブＬ１の基端には、ダイアライザ２に供給するための透析液を収容した収容バッグＢ１が接続されている。なお、透析液導入チューブＬ１の途中には、透析液を加温するための加温バッグ（不図示）等が接続されている。そして、しごき型ポンプＰ２を駆動させると、収容バッグＢ１の透析液がダイアライザ２に向かって流れるとともに、ダイアライザ２の透析液（排液）が透析液導出チューブＬ２を流れて外部に排出されることとなる。収容バッグＢ１は、本透析装置に形成されたフックＦに引っ掛けられるとともに、重量計３にてリアルタイムに重量が計測されるよう構成されている。これにより、設定された流量にて透析液をダイアライザ２に供給し、当該ダイアライザ２から透析液を排出させることができる。 On the other hand, a storage bag B1 containing a dialysate to be supplied to the dialyzer 2 is connected to the proximal end of the dialysate introduction tube L1. A heating bag (not shown) for heating the dialysate is connected to the dialysate introduction tube L1. When the ironing pump P2 is driven, the dialysate in the storage bag B1 flows toward the dialyzer 2, and the dialysate (drainage) in the dialyzer 2 flows through the dialysate lead-out tube L2 and is discharged to the outside. It becomes. The storage bag B1 is configured to be hooked on a hook F formed in the dialysis apparatus and to measure the weight in real time by the weigh scale 3. Thereby, the dialysate can be supplied to the dialyzer 2 at the set flow rate, and the dialysate can be discharged from the dialyzer 2.
　なお、本実施形態においては、透析液導入チューブＬ１から分岐した補液導入チューブＬ３に被しごき用可撓性チューブＤ３が接続されており、この被しごき用可撓性チューブＤ３がしごき型ポンプＰ３に取り付けられている。そして、しごき型ポンプＰ２、Ｐ３を駆動させることにより、収容バッグＢ１の透析液を静脈側血液回路１ｂに接続されたエアトラップチャンバ５に供給して補液層βを形成することができるようになっている。動脈側血液回路１ａにエアトラップチャンバ５を接続するよう構成し、そのエアトラップチャンバ５に補液導入チューブＬ３の先端を接続して透析液を供給するようにしてもよい。 In the present embodiment, the ironing flexible tube D3 is connected to the replacement fluid introducing tube L3 branched from the dialysate introducing tube L1, and the ironing flexible tube D3 is connected to the ironing pump P3. It is attached. Then, by driving the squeezing pumps P2 and P3, the dialysate in the storage bag B1 can be supplied to the air trap chamber 5 connected to the venous blood circuit 1b to form the replacement fluid layer β. ing. The air trap chamber 5 may be connected to the arterial blood circuit 1a, and the distal end of the replacement fluid introduction tube L3 may be connected to the air trap chamber 5 to supply the dialysate.
　エアトラップチャンバ５は、図３、４に示すように、ケースＣに取り付けられており、補液導入チューブＬ３及び血液回路１（静脈側血液回路１ｂ）にそれぞれ接続されるようになっている。かかるエアトラップチャンバ５は、血液を流通させる血液回路１に接続されて上から順に空気層γ、補液層β及び血液層αを形成し得る収容空間を有したチャンバから成り、当該血液回路１にて流通する血液に含まれる空気を空気層γで捕捉して除去するためのもので、図５～１０に示すように、下部チャンバ部５ａと、上部チャンバ部５ｂと、段部５ｃと、壁部６とを有して構成されている。 3 and 4, the air trap chamber 5 is attached to the case C, and is connected to the replacement fluid introduction tube L3 and the blood circuit 1 (venous side blood circuit 1b). The air trap chamber 5 includes a chamber that is connected to a blood circuit 1 that circulates blood and has an accommodation space in which an air layer γ, a replacement fluid layer β, and a blood layer α can be formed in order from the top. The air contained in the circulating blood is captured and removed by the air layer γ. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 10, the lower chamber portion 5a, the upper chamber portion 5b, the step portion 5c, the wall Part 6.
　下部チャンバ部５ａは、血液回路１（静脈側血液回路１ｂ）に接続されて当該血液回路１を流通する血液を収容し得る第１収容空間Ｓ１を有するとともに、当該第１収容空間Ｓ１に対して血液を導入し得る血液導入口５ａａ及び血液を導出し得る血液導出口５ａｂがそれぞれ形成されている。血液導入口５ａａは、下部チャンバ部５ａの略中央部から略水平方向に延設され、血液を第１収容空間Ｓ１内に流入可能とされているとともに、血液導出口５ａｂは、下部チャンバ部５ａの下部から略水平方向に延設され、第１収容空間Ｓ１内の血液を流出可能とされている。なお、第１収容空間Ｓ１に導入された血液によって血液層αが形成されることとなる。 The lower chamber portion 5a has a first storage space S1 that is connected to the blood circuit 1 (venous side blood circuit 1b) and can store the blood flowing through the blood circuit 1, and the first storage space S1. A blood inlet 5aa through which blood can be introduced and a blood outlet 5ab through which blood can be led out are formed. The blood introduction port 5aa is extended in a substantially horizontal direction from a substantially central portion of the lower chamber portion 5a so that blood can flow into the first storage space S1, and the blood outlet port 5ab is provided in the lower chamber portion 5a. It extends in a substantially horizontal direction from the lower portion of the blood and allows blood in the first storage space S1 to flow out. The blood layer α is formed by the blood introduced into the first accommodation space S1.
　上部チャンバ部５ｂは、下部チャンバ部５ａの上部に形成され、補液（本実施形態においては透析液）を収容し得る第２収容空間Ｓ２を有するとともに、当該第２収容空間Ｓ２に対して補液を導入し得る補液導入口５ｂａ、及び空気層γの圧力をモニタするためのチューブ（不図示）が接続可能なモニタ用開口５ｂｂがそれぞれ形成されている。本実施形態に係る上部チャンバ部５ｂは、カバー部材Ｋを有しており、当該カバー部材Ｋに補液導入口５ｂａ及びモニタ用開口５ｂｂが形成されている。 The upper chamber part 5b is formed in the upper part of the lower chamber part 5a and has a second storage space S2 that can store a replacement fluid (dialysate in the present embodiment), and a replacement fluid is supplied to the second storage space S2. A replacement fluid introduction port 5ba that can be introduced and a monitor opening 5bb to which a tube (not shown) for monitoring the pressure of the air layer γ can be connected are formed. The upper chamber portion 5b according to the present embodiment includes a cover member K, and a replacement fluid inlet 5ba and a monitor opening 5bb are formed in the cover member K.
　また、補液導入口５ｂａは、上部チャンバ部５ｂから略水平方向に延設され、第２収容空間Ｓ２に補液を流入可能とされており、その流入した補液によって補液層βが形成されることとなる。補液層の補液は、本実施形態の如く透析液に限らず、生理食塩液等、患者の体内に導入されても無害であれば他の液体であってもよい。なお、上部チャンバ部５ｂは、カバー部材Ｋを有さないものとしてもよく、その場合、下部チャンバ部５ａから一体的に形成された上部チャンバ部５ｂに直接、補液導入口５ｂａ等が形成される。 Further, the replacement fluid inlet 5ba extends in a substantially horizontal direction from the upper chamber portion 5b so that the replacement fluid can flow into the second storage space S2, and the replacement fluid layer β is formed by the flowed replacement fluid. Become. The replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer is not limited to the dialysate as in this embodiment, but may be other fluids such as physiological saline as long as they are harmless even if introduced into the patient's body. The upper chamber portion 5b may not have the cover member K. In that case, the replacement fluid inlet 5ba and the like are directly formed in the upper chamber portion 5b integrally formed from the lower chamber portion 5a. .
　段部５ｃは、上部チャンバ部５ｂと下部チャンバ部５ａとの境界に位置するとともに、当該上部チャンバ部５ｂ側が下部チャンバ部５ａ側よりも断面積（血液又は補液の流入方向に対し平行で、且つ、上下方向に対し垂直な方向の断面積）が小さくなるように段状に形成された部位である。すなわち、上部チャンバ部５ｂと下部チャンバ部５ａとの境界は、段部５ｃにて段状に形成されており、その段部５ｃの上方の断面積が下方の断面積より小さくなるよう形成されているのである。 The step portion 5c is located at the boundary between the upper chamber portion 5b and the lower chamber portion 5a, and the upper chamber portion 5b side is cross-sectional area (parallel to the inflow direction of blood or replacement fluid) than the lower chamber portion 5a side, and This is a portion formed in a step shape so that the cross-sectional area in a direction perpendicular to the vertical direction is small. That is, the boundary between the upper chamber portion 5b and the lower chamber portion 5a is formed in a step shape at the step portion 5c, and the upper cross-sectional area of the step portion 5c is formed to be smaller than the lower cross-sectional area. It is.
　しかして、第１収容空間Ｓ１に血液層α、第２収容空間Ｓ２に空気層γがそれぞれ形成されるとともに、当該空気層γと血液層αとの間における段部５ｃより上方に補液層βが形成されるよう、例えば補液導入口５ｂａから導入される補液の量が設定される。これにより、血液導入口５ａａから第１収容空間Ｓ１に血液が流入した際、段部５ｃより上方の第２収容空間Ｓ２に対する血液の流れが小さくなり、当該第２収容空間Ｓ２の補液が拡散してしまうのを抑制できるとともに、第２収容空間Ｓ２に対する血液の流れをある程度確保して、第２収容空間Ｓ２の下部にある血液が滞留してしまうのを抑制できる。 Thus, a blood layer α is formed in the first storage space S1, and an air layer γ is formed in the second storage space S2, and the replacement fluid layer β is disposed above the step portion 5c between the air layer γ and the blood layer α. For example, the amount of the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba is set. Accordingly, when blood flows into the first storage space S1 from the blood introduction port 5aa, the blood flow to the second storage space S2 above the stepped portion 5c is reduced, and the replacement fluid in the second storage space S2 is diffused. In addition, the blood flow in the second storage space S2 can be secured to some extent, and the blood in the lower part of the second storage space S2 can be prevented from staying.
　ここで、本実施形態に係るエアトラップチャンバ５において、血液導入口５ａａは、図６～８に示すように、上部チャンバ部５ｂの第２収容空間Ｓ２の開口部Ｒ（第２収容空間Ｓ２を臨んで開口した部位）を第１収容空間Ｓ１側に投影させた範囲Ｗの外側の位置に形成されている。すなわち、第２収容空間Ｓ２の中心線に対する血液導入口５ａａの中心線のずれ（オフセット寸法）をＯｆ、第２収容空間Ｓ２の幅寸法をＭｍ、血液導入口５ａａの内径寸法をｍｍとすると、Ｏｆ≧（Ｍｍ＋ｍｍ）／２なる関係を有する位置に血液導入口５ａａが形成されているのである。 Here, in the air trap chamber 5 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the blood introduction port 5aa has an opening R (the second accommodation space S2 in the second accommodation space S2 of the upper chamber portion 5b). The part opened to the front) is formed at a position outside the range W projected on the first accommodation space S1 side. That is, if the deviation (offset dimension) of the center line of the blood introduction port 5aa relative to the center line of the second accommodation space S2 is Of, the width dimension of the second accommodation space S2 is Mm, and the inner diameter dimension of the blood introduction port 5aa is mm, The blood inlet 5aa is formed at a position having a relationship of Of ≧ (Mm + mm) / 2.
　さらに、本実施形態に係る下部チャンバ部５ａは、図６に示すように、血液導入口５ａａが形成された側の部位（すなわち、側方に突出した部位）が椀状（内周面が湾曲したカップ状）に形成されているとともに、正面視で円形とされている。これにより、第１収容空間Ｓ１の内壁面における血液導入口５ａａと対峙した位置には、当該血液導入口５ａａから流入した血液を上下方向（図７の上下方向の矢印参照）及び側方（図８の矢印参照）に分流させ得る湾曲面Ｇ１が形成されている。 Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 6, the lower chamber portion 5a according to the present embodiment has a bowl-shaped portion (that is, a portion protruding laterally) on the side where the blood introduction port 5aa is formed (the inner peripheral surface is curved). And a circular shape when viewed from the front. As a result, blood flowing from the blood introduction port 5aa at the position facing the blood introduction port 5aa on the inner wall surface of the first storage space S1 is vertically (see the vertical arrow in FIG. 7) and side (see FIG. 7). A curved surface G1 is formed which can be divided into two (see arrow 8).
　しかして、血液導入口５ａａから第１収容空間Ｓ１に導入された血液は、第２収容空間Ｓ２を投影した部位（図８中、開口部Ｒを紙面上鉛直方向に投影した部位）を避けて湾曲面Ｇ１に向かって流れ、その湾曲面Ｇ１にて上下方向及び側方（内側）に分流されて血液層αを形成した後、血液導出口５ａｂから導出されるのである。したがって、血液導入口５ａａから第１収容空間Ｓ１に流入した血液を湾曲面Ｇ１にて分流させ、その分流した一部を第２収容空間Ｓ２側に流入させることができる。 Thus, the blood introduced into the first accommodation space S1 from the blood introduction port 5aa avoids the portion where the second accommodation space S2 is projected (the portion where the opening R is projected in the vertical direction on the paper surface in FIG. 8). After flowing toward the curved surface G1 and diverted vertically and laterally (inside) by the curved surface G1, the blood layer α is formed, and then the blood is led out from the blood outlet 5ab. Therefore, the blood that has flowed into the first accommodation space S1 from the blood introduction port 5aa can be divided at the curved surface G1, and a part of the divided flow can be caused to flow into the second accommodation space S2.
　また、本実施形態に係る上部チャンバ部５ｂ及び下部チャンバ部５ａは、断面（第１収容空間Ｓ１及び第２収容空間Ｓ２を構成する内周壁面の形状）が長円形状とされている。これにより、上部チャンバ部５ｂの長手方向（上下方向）の寸法をある程度大きくしても、全体としての容量を小さくすることができる。したがって、補液層βの補液の拡散及び血液層αの血液の滞留を抑制しつつ収容空間（第１収容空間Ｓ１及び第２収容空間Ｓ２）を小さくすることができ、プライミングボリュームを小さくすることができる。 Further, the upper chamber portion 5b and the lower chamber portion 5a according to the present embodiment have an oval cross section (the shape of the inner peripheral wall surface constituting the first accommodation space S1 and the second accommodation space S2). Thereby, even if the dimension of the upper chamber portion 5b in the longitudinal direction (vertical direction) is increased to some extent, the overall capacity can be reduced. Therefore, the storage space (the first storage space S1 and the second storage space S2) can be reduced while suppressing the diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer β and the retention of blood in the blood layer α, and the priming volume can be reduced. it can.
　一方、壁部６は、図９に示すように、上部チャンバ部５ｂに形成された部位であり、補液導入口５ｂａと第２収容空間Ｓ２との間における補液の流動経路上に形成され、当該補液導入口５ｂａから導入した補液を受けて第２収容空間Ｓ２に流入させ得るものである。より具体的には、本実施形態に係る壁部６は、第２収容空間Ｓ２を臨んだ開口部Ｒの全周に亘って形成され、補液導入口５ｂａから導入した補液をオーバーフローさせて第２収容空間Ｓ２に流入させ得るよう構成されている。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 9, the wall portion 6 is a portion formed in the upper chamber portion 5b, and is formed on the flow path of the replacement fluid between the replacement fluid inlet 5ba and the second storage space S2. The replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba can be received and flowed into the second storage space S2. More specifically, the wall portion 6 according to the present embodiment is formed over the entire circumference of the opening R facing the second storage space S2, and overflows the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba. It is comprised so that it can be made to flow in accommodation space S2.
　しかして、補液導入口５ｂａから導入された補液は、図１０に示すように、壁部６に流れが当たった後、当該壁部６に沿って分流し、壁部６の外周壁面とカバー部材Ｋの内周壁面との間の空間に充填されるとともに、その補液の液位が壁部６の上端を超えると、開口部Ｒに向かって壁部６をオーバーフローし、第２収容空間Ｓ２に流入することとなる。これにより、補液導入口５ｂａから導入された補液がそのまま勢いよく第２収容空間Ｓ２に流れ、補液層βの良好な形成を困難とし、或いは形成された補液層βの補液が拡散してしまうのを抑制することができる。 Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba diverges along the wall portion 6 and then flows along the wall portion 6, and the outer peripheral wall surface and the cover member of the wall portion 6. When the space between the inner peripheral wall surface of K is filled and the liquid level of the replacement fluid exceeds the upper end of the wall portion 6, the wall portion 6 overflows toward the opening R and enters the second storage space S <b> 2. Will flow in. As a result, the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba vigorously flows into the second storage space S2 as it is, making it difficult to form the replacement fluid layer β, or the replacement fluid of the formed replacement fluid layer β diffuses. Can be suppressed.
　さらに、他の実施形態として、図１１～１３に示すように、補液導入口５ｂａと対峙した部位Ｇ２より開口部Ｒを挟んで対向する部位Ｇ３の方が高く形成された壁部６’としてもよい。この場合、補液導入口５ｂａから導入された補液は、図１３に示すように、壁部６’の部位Ｇ２に流れが当たった後、当該壁部６’に沿って分流し、部位Ｇ３に至ると合流する。その合流によって液位が他の部位より高くなってしまうが、壁部６’の部位Ｇ３が他の部位より高い（部位Ｇ２から部位Ｇ３に向かって壁部６’の高さが徐々に高い）ので、当該壁部６’を補液が略均等にオーバーフローすることとなる。 Furthermore, as another embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, a wall portion 6 ′ formed with a portion G3 facing the opening R higher than the portion G2 facing the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba is formed higher. Good. In this case, as shown in FIG. 13, the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba flows into the portion G2 of the wall portion 6 ′, and then flows along the wall portion 6 ′ to reach the portion G3. To join. Although the liquid level becomes higher than other parts by the merging, the part G3 of the wall part 6 ′ is higher than the other parts (the height of the wall part 6 ′ gradually increases from the part G2 toward the part G3). Therefore, the replacement fluid overflows the wall 6 'almost uniformly.
　加えて、更に他の実施形態として、図１４～１６に示すように、収容空間（第２収容空間Ｓ２）を臨んだ開口部Ｒの半周に亘って形成された壁部６”としてもよく、これにより、補液導入口５ｂａから導入した補液を当該壁部６”に沿って流動させて収容空間（第２収容空間Ｓ２）に流入させることができる。すなわち、補液導入口５ｂａから導入された補液は、図１６に示すように、壁部６”の部位Ｇに流れが当たった後、当該壁部６”に沿って分流し、開口部Ｒから第２収容空間Ｓ２に流入することとなる。かかる実施形態によれば、壁部６”は、収容空間（第２収容空間Ｓ２）を臨んだ開口部Ｒの半周に亘って形成され、補液導入口５ｂａから導入した補液を当該壁部６”に沿って流動させて第２収容空間Ｓ２に流入させ得るので、流入する補液の勢いを低減させつつ第２収容空間Ｓ２に流入する補液を壁部６”に沿った流路に案内することができる。 In addition, as another embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 14 to 16, a wall portion 6 ″ formed over a half circumference of the opening R facing the accommodation space (second accommodation space S2) may be used. As a result, the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba can flow along the wall portion 6 ″ and flow into the storage space (second storage space S2). That is, as shown in FIG. 16, the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba flows into the portion G of the wall portion 6 ″ and then flows along the wall portion 6 ″, and then flows through the opening portion R. 2 will flow into the storage space S2. According to this embodiment, the wall 6 ″ is formed over the half circumference of the opening R facing the accommodation space (second accommodation space S2), and the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba is the wall 6 ″. Therefore, it is possible to guide the replacement fluid flowing into the second storage space S2 to the flow path along the wall portion 6 ″ while reducing the momentum of the replacement fluid flowing into the second storage space S2. it can.
　本実施形態によれば、第２収容空間Ｓ２に補液を導入し得る補液導入口５ｂａと、補液導入口５ｂａと第２収容空間Ｓ２との間における補液の流動経路上に形成され、当該補液導入口５ｂａから導入した補液を受けて第２収容空間Ｓ２に流入させ得る壁部（６、６’、６”）とを具備したので、補液層βの補液の拡散を抑制して血液凝固を確実に防止することができる。 According to the present embodiment, a replacement fluid introduction port 5ba that can introduce a replacement fluid into the second storage space S2, and a flow path of the replacement fluid between the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba and the second storage space S2, the replacement fluid introduction Since the wall portion (6, 6 ′, 6 ″) that can receive the replacement fluid introduced from the port 5ba and flow into the second storage space S2, the diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer β is suppressed and blood coagulation is ensured. Can be prevented.
　また、本実施形態に係る壁部６は、第２収容空間Ｓ２を臨んだ開口部Ｒの全周に亘って形成され、補液導入口５ｂａから導入した補液をオーバーフローさせて第２収容空間Ｓ２に流入させ得るので、流入する補液の勢いを低減させつつ第２収容空間Ｓ２に対して略均等に補液を流入させることができる。またさらに、図１１～１３に示す他の実施形態のように、壁部６’は、補液導入口５ｂａと対峙した部位Ｇ２より開口部Ｒを挟んで対向する部位Ｇ３の方が高く形成するようにすれば、第２収容空間Ｓ２に対する補液の流入をより均等化させることができる。 Moreover, the wall part 6 which concerns on this embodiment is formed over the perimeter of the opening part R which faced 2nd accommodation space S2, overflows the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet 5ba, and enters 2nd storage space S2. Since it can be made to flow in, the replacement fluid can be made to flow into the second storage space S2 substantially evenly while reducing the momentum of the replacement fluid flowing in. Furthermore, as in the other embodiments shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the wall 6 ′ is formed to be higher in the part G3 facing the opening R than the part G2 facing the replacement fluid inlet 5ba. If it makes it, inflow of the replacement fluid with respect to 2nd accommodation space S2 can be equalized more.
　また、本実施形態によれば、エアトラップチャンバ５が接続された血液回路１及び血液浄化装置とされているので、上記の如きエアトラップチャンバ５の効果を有した血液回路１を提供することができるとともに、その効果を有した血液浄化装置を提供することができる。 Moreover, according to this embodiment, since it is set as the blood circuit 1 and the blood purification apparatus to which the air trap chamber 5 was connected, the blood circuit 1 having the effect of the air trap chamber 5 as described above can be provided. In addition, a blood purification device having the effect can be provided.
　加えて、上記実施形態によれば、血液回路１（血液流路）に接続されて当該血液回路１を流通する血液を収容し得る第１収容空間Ｓ１を有するとともに、当該第１収容空間Ｓ１に対して血液を導入し得る血液導入口５ａａ及び血液を導出し得る血液導出口５ａｂがそれぞれ形成された下部チャンバ部５ａと、該下部チャンバ部５ａの上部に形成され、補液を収容し得る第２収容空間Ｓ２を有するとともに、当該第２収容空間Ｓ２に対して補液を導入し得る補液導入口５ｂａが形成された上部チャンバ部５ｂと、上部チャンバ部５ｂと下部チャンバ部５ａとの境界に位置するとともに、当該上部チャンバ部５ｂ側が下部チャンバ部５ａ側よりも断面積が小さくなるように段状に形成された段部５ｃとを有したので、補液層βの補液の拡散及び血液層αの血液の滞留を抑制して血液凝固を確実に防止することができる。 In addition, according to the above embodiment, the first storage space S1 is connected to the blood circuit 1 (blood flow channel) and can store blood flowing through the blood circuit 1, and the first storage space S1 includes the first storage space S1. On the other hand, a blood inlet 5aa through which blood can be introduced and a blood outlet 5ab through which blood can be led out are respectively formed in the lower chamber portion 5a, and a second chamber capable of accommodating a replacement fluid. The upper chamber part 5b is formed at the boundary between the upper chamber part 5b and the lower chamber part 5a. In addition, since the upper chamber portion 5b side has a step portion 5c formed in a step shape so that the cross-sectional area is smaller than that of the lower chamber portion 5a side, diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer β and It is possible to reliably prevent blood clotting by suppressing the accumulation of blood in the liquid phase alpha.
　特に、第１収容空間Ｓ１に血液層α、第２収容空間Ｓ２に空気層γがそれぞれ形成されるとともに、当該空気層γと血液層αとの間における段部５ｃより上方に補液層βが形成される（すなわち、第２収容空間Ｓ２に血液層αと補液層βとの境界がある）ので、補液層βの補液の拡散及び血液層αの血液の滞留をより確実に抑制することができる。 In particular, a blood layer α is formed in the first storage space S1, an air layer γ is formed in the second storage space S2, and a replacement fluid layer β is formed above the step portion 5c between the air layer γ and the blood layer α. Since it is formed (that is, there is a boundary between the blood layer α and the replacement fluid layer β in the second storage space S2), the diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer β and the retention of blood in the blood layer α can be more reliably suppressed. it can.
　また、血液導入口５ａａは、上部チャンバ部５ｂの第２収容空間Ｓ２の開口部Ｒを第１収容空間Ｓ１側に投影させた範囲Ｗの外側の位置に形成されたので、補液層βに向かう血液の流れの勢いをより確実に低減させることができ、補液層βの補液の拡散及び血液層α（特に、第２収容空間Ｓ２に位置する血液層α）の血液の滞留をより一層確実に抑制することができる。すなわち、血液導入口５ａａから第１収容空間Ｓ１に流入した血液は、その上方に第２収容空間Ｓ２との境界の段部５ｃの天面が位置するので、第２収容空間Ｓ２の補液層βに直接向かって流れることがなく、勢いが低減した後、当該補液層βに流れることとなるのである。 Further, the blood introduction port 5aa is formed at a position outside the range W in which the opening R of the second storage space S2 of the upper chamber portion 5b is projected to the first storage space S1 side, and therefore is directed to the replacement fluid layer β. The momentum of the blood flow can be reduced more reliably, and the diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer β and the retention of blood in the blood layer α (particularly, the blood layer α located in the second accommodation space S2) can be more reliably performed. Can be suppressed. That is, the blood flowing into the first storage space S1 from the blood introduction port 5aa is located above the top surface of the step portion 5c at the boundary with the second storage space S2, so that the replacement fluid layer β in the second storage space S2 However, after the momentum is reduced, it flows into the replacement fluid layer β.
　さらに、第１収容空間Ｓ１の内壁面における血液導入口５ａａと対峙した位置には、当該血液導入口５ａａから流入した血液を上下方向及び側方に分流させ得る湾曲面Ｇ１が形成されたので、血液の流れを上下方向及び側方に分流させて補液層βに向かう流れの勢いを低減させることができ、補液層βの補液の拡散及び血液層αの血液の滞留をより一層確実に抑制することができる。 Furthermore, since a curved surface G1 that can divert blood flowing in from the blood introduction port 5aa vertically and laterally is formed at a position facing the blood introduction port 5aa on the inner wall surface of the first accommodation space S1, It is possible to divert the blood flow vertically and laterally to reduce the momentum of the flow toward the replacement fluid layer β, and more reliably suppress the diffusion of the replacement fluid in the replacement fluid layer β and the retention of blood in the blood layer α. be able to.
　以上、本実施形態について説明したが、本発明はこれに限定されず、例えば上部チャンバ部５ｂ及び下部チャンバ部５ａに区分けされず、内部に１つの収容空間を有したもの、下部チャンバ部５ａが上部チャンバ部５ｂに対して幅方向にオフセットされないもの、第１収容空間の内壁面における血液導入口５ａａと対峙した位置に湾曲面Ｇ１が形成されないもの、或いは当該湾曲面Ｇ１に代えて血液導入口５ａａから流入した血液を上下方向に分流させ、上方に向かう流れより下方に向かう流れの方が流量を大きくする傾斜面としたもの等としてもよい。 Although the present embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention is not divided into the upper chamber portion 5b and the lower chamber portion 5a, and the lower chamber portion 5a has one accommodating space inside. What is not offset in the width direction with respect to the upper chamber portion 5b, one in which the curved surface G1 is not formed at a position facing the blood introduction port 5aa on the inner wall surface of the first accommodation space, or a blood introduction port instead of the curved surface G1 The blood flowing in from 5aa may be divided in the vertical direction, and the inclined surface may have a larger flow rate in the downward flow than in the upward flow.
　また、壁部は、補液導入口５ｂａと収容空間（第２収容空間Ｓ２）との間における補液の流動経路上に形成され、当該補液導入口５ｂａから導入した補液を受けて第２収容空間Ｓ２に流入させ得るものであれば、補液導入口５ｂａと開口部Ｒとの間に突出形成された凸部等（開口部Ｒの周方向に沿って立設されたものに限定されない）としてもよい。なお、ダイアライザ２に代えて他の血液浄化器（ヘモフィルタ、血漿分離器、血液吸着器等）としてもよく、或いは血液回路１に代えて体外循環させない血液流路（例えば、輸血等の流路）に適用してもよい。また、適用される血液浄化治療は、透析治療に限定されず、患者の血液を体外循環させつつ浄化する他の治療のための血液浄化装置であってもよい。 The wall portion is formed on the flow path of the replacement fluid between the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba and the storage space (second storage space S2), receives the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba, and receives the second storage space S2. As long as it can be made to flow in, it is good also as a convex part etc. which were projected and formed between the replacement fluid introduction port 5ba and the opening part R (it is not limited to what was erected along the circumferential direction of the opening part R). . Instead of the dialyzer 2, another blood purifier (hemofilter, plasma separator, blood adsorber, etc.) may be used, or a blood flow path (for example, a flow path for blood transfusion, etc.) that is not circulated outside the body instead of the blood circuit 1. You may apply to. The applied blood purification treatment is not limited to dialysis treatment, and may be a blood purification device for other treatments that purifies the patient's blood while circulating it extracorporeally.
　収容空間に補液を導入し得る補液導入口と、補液導入口と収容空間との間における補液の流動経路上に形成され、当該補液導入口から導入した補液を受けて収容空間に流入させ得る壁部とを具備したエアトラップチャンバであれば、他の機能が付加されたもの等であってもよい。 A replacement fluid introduction port that can introduce a replacement fluid into the storage space, and a wall that is formed on a flow path of the replacement fluid between the replacement fluid introduction port and the storage space and that can receive the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid introduction port and flow into the storage space As long as it is an air trap chamber having a portion, it may be one with other functions added.
　１　　血液回路
　１ａ　動脈側血液回路（流路）
　１ｂ　静脈側血液回路（流路）
　２　　ダイアライザ（血液浄化器）
　３　　重量計
　５　　エアトラップチャンバ
　５ａ　下部チャンバ部
　５ｂ　上部チャンバ部
　５ｃ　段部
　６、６’、６”　　壁部 1 Blood circuit 1a Arterial blood circuit (flow path)
1b Venous blood circuit (flow path)
2 Dialyzer (blood purifier)
3 Weighing Scale 5 Air Trap Chamber 5a Lower Chamber 5b Upper Chamber 5c Step 6, 6 ', 6 "Wall

Claims (6)

  1. 　血液を流通させる血液流路に接続されて空気層、補液層及び血液層を形成し得る収容空間を有したチャンバから成り、当該血液流路にて流通する血液に含まれる空気を前記空気層で捕捉して除去するためのエアトラップチャンバにおいて、
    　前記収容空間に補液を導入し得る補液導入口と、
    　前記補液導入口と収容空間との間における補液の流動経路上に形成され、当該補液導入口から導入した補液を受けて前記収容空間に流入させ得る壁部と、
    を具備したことを特徴とするエアトラップチャンバ。     The chamber is connected to a blood flow path for circulating blood and has an accommodation space capable of forming an air layer, a replacement fluid layer, and a blood layer, and air contained in the blood flowing in the blood flow path is In an air trap chamber for capture and removal,
    A replacement fluid inlet capable of introducing a replacement fluid into the housing space;
    A wall portion that is formed on a flow path of the replacement fluid between the replacement fluid inlet and the storage space, and that can receive the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet and flow into the storage space;
    An air trap chamber comprising:
  2. 　前記壁部は、前記収容空間を臨んだ開口部の全周に亘って形成され、前記補液導入口から導入した補液をオーバーフローさせて前記収容空間に流入させ得ることを特徴とする請求項１記載のエアトラップチャンバ。 The said wall part is formed over the perimeter of the opening part which faced the said accommodation space, The overflow of the replacement fluid introduced from the said replacement fluid introduction port can be made to flow in into the said storage space. Air trap chamber.
  3. 　前記壁部は、前記補液導入口と対峙した部位より前記開口部を挟んで対向する部位の方が高く形成されたことを特徴とする請求項２記載のエアトラップチャンバ。 3. The air trap chamber according to claim 2, wherein the wall portion is formed to be higher at a portion facing the opening portion than a portion facing the replacement fluid introduction port.
  4. 　前記壁部は、前記収容空間を臨んだ開口部の半周に亘って形成され、前記補液導入口から導入した補液を当該壁部に沿って流動させて前記収容空間に流入させ得ることを特徴とする請求項１記載のエアトラップチャンバ。 The wall portion is formed over a half circumference of the opening facing the storage space, and the replacement fluid introduced from the replacement fluid inlet can flow along the wall portion and flow into the storage space. The air trap chamber according to claim 1.
  5. 　請求項１～４の何れか１つに記載のエアトラップチャンバが接続されたことを特徴とする血液回路。 A blood circuit to which the air trap chamber according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is connected.
  6. 　請求項５記載の血液回路が取り付けられたことを特徴とする血液浄化装置。 A blood purification apparatus to which the blood circuit according to claim 5 is attached.
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