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US006496713B2

(12) United States Patent ao) Patent No.: us 6,496,713 B2

Avrin et al. (45) Date of Patent: Dec. 17,2002 Page 2

(54) FERROMAGNETIC FOREIGN BODY DETECTION WITH BACKGROUND CANCELING

(75) Inventors: William F. Avrin, San Diego, CA (US);

Peter V. Czipott, San Diego, CA (US);
R. Kemp Massengill, Leucadia, CA
(US)

(73) Assignees: MedNovus, Inc., Escondido, CA (US);

Quantum Magnetics, Inc., San Diego,
CA (US)

( * ) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term ol this patent is extended or adjusted under 35 U.S.C. 154(b) by 0 days.

(21) Appl. No.: 09/960,878

(22) Filed: Sep. 21, 2001

(65) Prior Publication Data

US 2002/0077537 Al Jun. 20, 2002

Related U.S. Application Data

(63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 09/818,700, filed on Mar. 27,2001, which is a continuation-in-part of application No. 09/741,774, filed on Dec. 15, 2000, which is a continuation of application No. 09/135,890, filed on Aug. 18,1998, now Pat. No. 6,208,884, which is a continuation-in-part of application No. 08/670,393, filed on Jun. 25,1996, now Pat. No. 5,842,986.

(51) Int. CI. A61B 5/05

(52) U.S. CI 600/409; 324/207.21; 324/260

(58) Field of Search 600/407, 409,

600/410; 324/260, 261, 207.11-207.19,

67

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OTHER PUBLICATIONS

Avrin, W.; Improved Nondestructive Evaluation of Deep, Inaccessible Flaws in Metal Structures; National Science Foundation Phase I final Report; pp. 1-29; Dec, 1995.

(List continued on next page.)

Primary Examiner—Marvin M. Lateel
Assistant Examiner—Eleni Mantis Mercader
(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Gerald W. Spinks

(57) ABSTRACT

Methods are disclosed for non-invasive screening ol the human body by rejecting the magnetic response from biological tissues in the region ol interest and outputting data corresponding to the magnetic response ol a lerromagnetic foreign body within the region ol interest.

34 Claims, 7 Drawing Sheets

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Avrin, W.; Magnetoresistive Eddy-Current Sensor for Detecting Deeply Buried Flaws; Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, vol. 15; Proceedings of Conference in Seattle; pp. 1-6; Jul. 30-Aug. 4, 1995.

Bastuscheck, CM.; Technique for Measuring the AC Susceptibility of Portions of the Human Body or Other Large Objects; J. Appl. Phys. 58(10), pp. 3896-3906, Nov., 1985.

Brittenham, Gary M.; et al.; Hepatic Iron Stores and Plasma Ferritin Concentration in Patients With Sickle Cell Anemia and Thalassemia Major; American Journal of Hematology; Jul. 23, 1992; pp. 81-85; vol. 42; Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Brittenham, Gary M., et al.; Magnetic-Susceptibility Measurement of Human Iron Stores; The New England Journal of Medicine; Dec. 30, 1982; pp. 1671-1675; vol. 307 No. 27;.

Bryden, F.M.; Real Time Ultrasound in the Assessment of Intraocular Foreign Bodies; Eye 4, pp. 727-731; (1990).

Costa Monteiro, E.; Magnetic Measurement Techniques for Locating Foreign Bodies in Humans; Tenth International Conference on Biomagnetism, p. 314 (1996).

Farrell, E.J ., Magnetic Measurement of Human Iron Stores, IEEE ransactions on Magnetics, vol. MAG-16, No. 5, pp. 818-823, (1980).

Finn, et al., Ferromagnetic Materials in Patients: Detection Before MR Imaging; Radiology 156, pp. 139-141 (1985).

Fischer, R. et al.; Liver Iron Quantification in the Diagnosis and Therapy Control of Iron Overload Patients; Biomagnetism Clinical Aspects; 1992; pp. 585-588; Elsevier Science Publishers.

Greenblatt, R.E.; Probabilistic Reconstruction of Multiple Sources in the Bioelectromagnetic Inverse Problem; Inverse Problems 9, pp. 271-284 (1992).

Kanal, E.; Aneurysm Clip Testing for Ferromagnetic Properties: Clip Variability Issues; Radiology, pp. 576-578; (1995).

Mentor Corporation; The Detector, Injection Port Detection System; Brochure, 6 pp. (1996).

Paulson, D.N.; Biomagnetic Susceptometer with SQUID Instrumentation; IEEE Transaction on Magnetics, vol. 27; No. 2; pp. 3249-3252.

Paulson, D.N.; The Hamburg Biosusceptometer for Liver Iron Quantification; Advances in Biomagnetism; pp. 497-500; (date unknown).

Scholz, B., et al.; Probability-Based Current Dipole Localization from Biomagnetic Fields; IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering; vol. 41, No. 8; pp. 735-742; Aug., 1993.

Sekihara, K., et al.; Reduction of Brain Noise Influence in Evoked Neuromagnetic Source Localization Using Noise Spatial Correlation; Phys. Med. Biol. 39; pp. 937-946;).

Sepulveda, N., et al.; Magnetic Susceptibility Tomography for Three—Dimensional Imaging of Diamagnetic and Paramagnetic Objects; IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, vol. 30; No. 6; pp. 5062-5069; (1993).

Shellock, EG.; Magnetic Resonance; Bioeffects, Safety and Patient Management; pp. 115-126; (1996).

Smith, N.; A High—Sensitivity Magnetoresistive Magnetometer; J. Appl. Phys. 69 (8); pp. 5052-5084; (1991).

Scholz, B., Probability—Based Current Sipole Localization from Biomagnetic Fields, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 41, No. 8, pp. 735-742, (1993).

Wynn, W.M.; Advanced Superconducting Gradiometer/ Magnetometer Arrays and a Novel Signal Processing Technique; IEEE Transactions on Magnetics; vol. MAG-11; No. 2; pp. 701-707; (1974).

Thomas, I.M., et al.; Spatial Resolution and Sensitivity of Magnetic Susceptibility Imaging; IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 3, No. 1, (1992).

* cited by examiner

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