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(21) Appl. No.: 09/658,815

(22) Filed: Sep. 11, 2000

Related U.S. Application Data

(63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 09/072,913, filed on May 4, 1998, now Pat. No. 6,261,279, which is a continuation of application No. 08/670,699, filed on Jun. 26, 1996, now Pat. No. 5,820,583, which is a continuation-in-part of application No. PCT/US95/16028, filed on Dec. 12, 1995, which is a continuation-in-part of application No. 08/353, 775, filed on Dec. 12, 1994, now abandoned.

(60) Provisional application No. 60/162,416, filed on Oct. 28, 1999.

(51) Int. CI.7 A61K 38/00; A61K 31/70;

A61K 31/55; A61K 31/54; A61K 31/495;

A61K 31/505

(52) U.S. CI 514/12; 514/25; 514/217

514/226.2; 514/253; 514/254.06; 514/258 514/259; 514/280; 514/288; 514/317; 514/327 514/353; 514/356; 514/397; 514/413; 514/415 514/509; 514/619; 514/654; 514/680

(58) Field of Search 514/12, 25, 217,

514/226.2, 253, 254.06, 258, 259, 280, 288, 317, 327, 353, 356, 397, 413, 415, 509, 619, 654, 680

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OTHER PUBLICATIONS

Thulesius, O., et al., "Ketanserin in intermittent claudication: effect on walking distance, blood pressure, and cardiovascular complications," /. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 9:728-733 (1987).

Hedner, T, et al., "Effects of a new serotonin antagonist, ketanserin, in experimental and clinical hypertension," Am. J. Hypertens. 1:317S-323S (1988).

Hof, R.P, et al., "Antiarrhythmic and hemodynamic effects of tropisetron in anesthetized rabbits," /. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 22:499-505 (1993).

Naesh, O., et al., "Platelet activation in mental stress," Clin. Physiol. 13:299-307 (1993).

(List continued on next page.)

Primary Examiner—William R. A. Jarvis

(74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm—Christensen O'Connor

Johnson Kindness PLLC

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OTHER PUBLICATIONS

Evans, R.G., et al., "Effects of 5-HT-receptor and alpha 2-androceptor ligands on the haemodynamic response to acute central hypovolemia in conscious rabbits," Br. J. Pharmacol. 109:37-47 (1993).

Van Hemelrijck, J., et al., "Blood pressure management during aortic surgery: unrapidl compared to isosorbide dinitrate," /. Cardiothorac. Vase. Anesth. 7:273-278 (1993). Evans, R.G., et al., "A CNS serotonergic mechanism in acute central hypovolemia in conscious rabbits?" /. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 19:1009-1017 (1992).

Vyssoulis, G.P, et al., "Left ventricular hypertrophy regression and function changes with ketanserin in elderly hypertensives," Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther. 4:81-84 (1990). Sigal, S.L., et al., "Effects of Serotonin-Receptor Blockade on Angioplasty-Induced Vasospasm in an Atherosclerotic Rabbit Model," Arterioscler. Thrombosis 11:770-783

(1991) .

Kalsner, S., et al., "Coronary arteries of cardiac patients are hyperreactive and contain stores of amines: a mechanism for coronary spasm," Science 223:1435-1437 (1984). Willerson, J.T., et al., "Specific Platelet mediators and unstable coronary artery lesions," Circulation 80:198-205 (1989).

Saxena, PR., et al., "Cardiovascular effects on serotonin agonists and antagonists," /. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 15:S17-S34 (1990).

Ashton, J.H., et al., "Serotonin as a mediator of cyclic flow variations in stenosed canine coronary arteries," Circulation 73:572-578 (1986).

Douglas, W.W. "Histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) and their antagonists," In: The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics 605-638 (1985).

Kessler, W., et al., "Excitation of cutaneous afferent nerve endings in vitro by a combination of inflammatory mediators and conditioning effect of substance P," Exp. Brain Res. 91:467-476 (1992).

Lang, E., et al., "Chemosensitivity of fine afferents from rat skin in vitro," /. Neurophysiol. 63:887-901 (1990). Levine, J.D., et al., "Desipramine enhances opiate postoperative analgesia," Pain 27:45-49 (1986). Richardson, B.P, et al., "Identification of serotonin M-receptor subtypes and their specific blockade by a new class of drugs," Nature 316:126-131 (1985).

Ringkamp, M., et al., "Activated human platelets in plasma excite nociceptors in rat skin, in vitro," Neurosci. Lett. 170:103-106 (1994).

Buzzi, M.G., et al., "The antimigraine drug, sumatriptan (GR43175), selectively blocks neurogenic plasma extravasation from blood vessels in dura mater," Br. J. Pharmacol. 99:202-206 (1990).

Buzzi, M.G., et al., "5-Hydroxytryptamine receptor agonists for the abortive treatment of vascular headaches block mast cell, endothelial and platelet activation within the rat dura mater after trigeminal stimulation," Brain Res. 583:137-149

(1992) .

Zochodne, D.W., et al., "Sumatriptan blocks neurogenic inflammation in the peripheral nerve trunk," Neurology 44:161-163 (1994).

Schwartz, M.M., et al., "Vascular leakage in the kidney and lower urinary tract: effects of histamine, serotonin and bradykinin," Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 140:535-539 (1972).

Holliman, C.J., et al., "The effect of ketanserin, a specific serotonin antagonist, on burn shock hemodynamic parameters in a porcine burn model," /. Trauma 23:867-871 (1983).

Serruys, P.W., et al., "Evaluation of ketanserin in the prevention of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty; a multicenter randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial," Circulation 88:1588-1601

(1993) .

Cohen, B.M., et al., "Intracoronary cocktail infusion during rotational ablation: safety and efficacy," Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics (1995).

Berkenboom, G., et al., "Atherosclerosis and responses of human isolated coronary arteries to endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilators," /. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 14:S35-S39 (1989).

Kaumann, A.J., et al., "Variable participation of 2HTl-like receptors and 5-HT1 receptors in serotonin-induced contraction of human isolated coronary arteries," Circulation 90:1141-1153 (1994).

Quast, U., et al., "Cellular Pharmacology of Potassium Channel Openers in Vascular Smooth Muscle," Cardiovascular Research 28:805-810 (1994).

Golino, P., et al., "Failure of nitroglycerine and diltiazem to reduce platelet-mediated vasoconstriction in dogs with coronary artery stenosis and endothelial injury: further evidence for thromboxane A2 and serotonin as mediators of coronary artery vasoconstriction in vivo," /. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 15:718-726 (1990).

DeCaterina, R., et al., "A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study of Ketanserin in Patients with Prinzmetal's Angina," Circulation 69:889-894 (1984).

Golino, P., et al., "Divergent Effects of Serotonin on Coronary-Artery Dimensions and Blood Flow in Patients with Coronary Artherosclerosis and Control Patients," New Engl. J. Med. 324:641-648 (1991).

Golino, P., et al, "Local Effect of Serotonin Released During Coronary Angioplasty," New Engl. J. Med. 330:523-528

(1994) .

Ashton, J.H., et al., "Serotonin S2 and Thromboxane A2-Prostaglandid H2 Receptor Blockade Provide Protection Against Epinephrine-Induced Cyclic Flow Variations in Severly Narrowed Canine Coronary Arteries," /. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 13:755-763 (1989).

Yao, S., et al., "Combined ADP and Thromboxane A2 Antagonism Prevents Cyclic Flow Variations is Stenosed and Endofhelium-Injured Arteries in Nonhuman Primates," Circulation 88:2888-2893 (1993).

Cohen, B.M., et al., "Cocktail attenuation of rotational ablation flow effects (CARAFE) study: pilot," Cathet. Cardiovasc. Diagn. Suppl. 3:69-72 (1996). Sosnowski, M., et al., "Spinal Administration of Receptor-Selective Drugs as Analgesics: New Horizons," /. Pain Symptom Manag. 5:204-213 (1990). Kuga, T, et al., "Inhibitory Effects of Aspirin on Coronary Hyperreactivity to Autoco ids After Arterial Balloon Injury in Minature Pigs," /. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 25:273-281

(1995) .

Willerson, J.T., et al., "Pretreatment with Antagonists to Thromboxane A2, Serotonin and ADP Reduces Neointimal Proliferation in Canine Coronary Arteries after Endothelial Injury," /. Am. Coll. Cardiol. Incomplete Data:906-32(1994).

Page 3

Knorr, A.M. "Why is Nisoldipine a Specific Agent in Ischemic Left Ventricular Dysfunction?", Am. J. Cardiol. 75:36E-40E (1995).

Pierce, PA., et al., "Dual Effect of the Serotonin Agonist, Sumatriptan, on Peripheral Neurogenic Inflammation," Reg. Anesth. 21:219-225 (1996).

el-Sanadiki, M.N., et al., "Reduction of Intimal Hyperplasia and Enhanced Reactivity of Experimental Vein Bypass Grafts with Verapamil Treatment," Ann. Surg. 212:87-96 (1990).

Hirayama et al., "NK, Receptors Mediate Tachykinin-Induced Plasma Extravasion in the Rat Knee," Agents Actions 40:171-175 (1994).

Yeo et al., "Increased Hyaluronan at Sites of Attachment of Mesentery by CD44-Positive Mouse Ovarian and Breast Tumor Cells," American J. Pathology 148(6): 1733-1740 (1996).

Sy et al., "Inhibition of Tumor Growth In Vivo with a Soluble CD44-immunoglobulin Fusion Protein," /. Exp. Med. 176:623-627 (1992).

Diamond et al., "Reduction of de novo postsurgical adhesions by intraoperative precoating with Sepracoat* (HAL-C) solution: a prospective, randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled multicenter study," Fertility and Sterility® 69(6): 1067-1074 (1998).

Gastpar, H., "The Inhibition of Cancer Cell Stickiness by the Methylxanthine Derivative Pentoxifylline (BL 191)," Thrombosis Research 5:277-289 (1974). Lee et al., "Peritoneal Irrigation with Povidone-Iodine Solution After Laparoscopic Assisted Splenectomy Significantly Decreases Port-Tumor Recurrence in a Murine Model," Dis Colon Rectum 42(3):319-326 (1999). Lapierre et al., "Chemical modifications of heparin that diminish its anticoagulant but preserve its heparanase-inhibitory, angiostatic, anti-tumor and anti-metastatic properties," Glycobiology 6(3):355-366 (1966). Engelberg, H., "Actions of Heparin That May Effect the Malignant Process," Cancer 85(2):257-272 (1999). Neuhaus et al., "Experimental study of the effect of intraperitoneal heparin on tumour implantation following laparoscope" British J. Surgery 86:400-404 (1999). Jacobi et al., "Inhibition of Peritoneal Tumor Cell Growth and Implantation in Laparoscopic Surgery in a Rat Model," American J. Surgery® 174:359-363 (1997). Whalen, Giles E, and Donald E. Ingber, "Inhibition of Tumor-Cell Attachment to Extracellular Matrix as a Method for Preventing Tumor Recurrence in a Surgical Wound," Ann. Surg. 210(6):758-764 (1989).

Nakashio et al., "Adhesion Molecules and TGF-(31 are Involved in the Peritoneal Dissemination of NUGC^l Human Gastric Cancer Cells," Int. J. Cancer 70:612-618 (1997).

Zhang et al., "Effect of tumor necrosis factor-a on adhesion of human endometrial stromal cells to peritoneal mesothelial cells: an in vitro system," Fertility and Sterility 59(6):1196-1201 (1993).

Kiihnlein et al., "Tumor cells adhere to intraperitoneal injection sites," Virchows Arch. 45:339-345 (1984). Cannistra et al., "Binding of Ovarian Cancer Cells to Peritoneal Mesothelium in Vitro is Partly Mediated by CD44H," Cancer Research 53:3830-3838 (1993). .

Lessan et al., "CD44 and (31 Integrin Mediate Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Adhesion to Peritoneal Mesothelial Cells," American J. Pathology 154(5): 1525-1537 (1999).

Hosono et al., "Involvement of Adhesion Molecules in Metastasis of SW1990, Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells," /. Surgical Oncology 67:77-84 (1998).

Ohlsson-Wilhelm, B. M., et al., "Zyn-Linkewr Delivery of Antirheumatic Agents," Immunol Res. 13:82-95 (1995).

Abstract Only. Goldstein, D.S., et al., "Inhibition of Peritoneal Tumor-Cell Implantation: Model for Laparoscopic Cancer Surgery," / Endourol 7:237-241 (1993). Igarashi, N., et al., "Preventive Effect of Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitor, R-94138, in Combination with Mitomycin C or Cisplatin on Peritoneal Dissemination of Human Gastric Cancer Cell Line TMK-1 in Nude Mice," Jpn J Cancer Res. 90:116-121 (1999).

Nakashio, T., et al., "The Association of Metastasis with the Expression of Adhesion Molecules in Cell Lines Derived from Human Gastric Cancer," Anticancer Research. 17:293-300 (1997).

Kobayashi, H., et al., "Anti-Metastatic Therapy by Urinary Trypsin Inhibitor in Combination with an Anti-cancer Agent," Br J Cancer. 72:1131-1137 (1995).

Karczac, E., et al., "Mouse Peritoneal Cells Activated with a Combination of Indomethacin, Poly I: C and Syncumar Inhibit the Take of Lewis Lung Carcinoma in Adoptive Transfer Assay," Acta Microbiologiea Hungariea. 34:207-214 (1987).

Abstract Only. Sindelar, W. E, et al., "Randomised Trial of Intraperitoneal Irrigation with Low Molecular Weight Povidone-Iodine Solution to Reduce Intra-Abdominal Infectious Complications," / Hosp Infect. 6:103-114 (1985).

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