Imagining the City of Tomorrow Through Foresight and Innovative Design

Towards the Regeneration of Urban Planning Routines?

Authors

Downloads

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24306/TrAESOP.2021.01.004

Keywords:

Urban futures, strategic foresight, routines, rule-based design, innovative design

Abstract

Ecological and digital transitions alongside concerns over social inequalities have signalled the advent of complex new challenges for contemporary cities. These challenges raise issues pertaining to the dynamic capability of urban planners: more specifically, their ability to revise their tools and planning routines in urban projects. New paradigms of collective action for the transition towards innovative cities have been developed in large organisations. European companies, especially in public transportation, have developed such tools based on innovative design theories. One of these methodological tools, the Definition-Knowledge-Concept-Proposition (DKCP) process, was used to generate a new range of planning options for an urban district in Montreal, Canada. For many municipal organisations, the formulation of innovative ideas only concerns one stage of the process, represented by the ‘P’ phase. However, innovative routines should rather include the earlier phases of identifying the scope of possible innovations, the search for intriguing knowledge and disruptive design activities. The desire to tackle the complex challenges of 21st century cities has led to a new professional identity: the ‘innovative urban planner’.

How to Cite

Lavoie, N., Abrassart, C., & Scherrer, F. (2021). Imagining the City of Tomorrow Through Foresight and Innovative Design: Towards the Regeneration of Urban Planning Routines?. Transactions of the Association of European Schools of Planning, 5(1), 40–54. https://doi.org/10.24306/TrAESOP.2021.01.004

Published

01-06-2021

Issue

Section

Articles

References

Abrassart, Christophe, Nicolas Lavoie and Franck Scherrer (2016) Le co-design prospectif, un nouveau modèle d’action collective pour l’innovation urbaine? Retour d’expérience de plusieurs cas à Montréal. APERAU Conference, 2016.

Abrassart, Christophe, Nicolas Lavoie, Franck Scherrer, Émilie Laliberté and Antoinette Rodrigue (2018) Vivre, travailler, se divertir à Rosemont-La Petite-Patrie en 2037. Rapport d’activités. Montréal, Arrondissement de Rosemont-La Petite-Patrie et Lab Ville prospective, Université de Montréal. p.53.

Abramovici, Marianne, Sonia Adam-Ledunois, Emilie Canet, Sébastien Damart, Albert David, Muriel Jougleux, Fabrice Periac and Mathias Szpirglas (2016) Projet ‘Lien social, Habitat, Situations de fragilité dans la ville innovante de 2030’, LISOHASIF.

Aggeri, Franck (2016) La recherche-intervention: Fondements et pratiques. In Bathelémy, Jérome and Nicolas Mottis (eds) A la pointe du management: Ce que la recherche apporte au manager. Paris, Duno, pp.79-100. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3917/dunod.barth.2016.01.0079

Agogué, Marine, Sophie Hooge, Frédéric Arnoux and Ingi Brown (2014) An introduction to innovative design-Elements and applications of CK theory. Paris: Presses des Mines.

Amar, Georges (2010) Homo mobilis: Le nouvel âge de la mobilité. Paris: Fyp.

Amar, Georges (2015) Prospective conceptive: Pour un futur ouvert. Futuribles (404), pp.17-29.

Amar, Georges and Véronique Michaud (2009) La marche au coeur des mobilités: état des connaissances. Lyon: Éditions du CERTU. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1261-694X(09)73709-5

Argyris, Chris and Donald. A. Schön (1978) Organizational Learning: A theory of action perspective. Reading, MA, Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. 344 p.

Arnoux, Frédéric and Mathias Béjean (2015) Strategies for building radical innovation potential: Exploring the role of collaborative creative design. Paper presented at the 17th International Product Development Management Conference, Murcia, Espagne.

Brem, Alexander, Rogello Puente-Diaz and Marine Agogué (2017) Creativity and innovation: State of the art and future perspectives for research. In Brem, Alexander, Rogelio Puente-Diaz and Marine Agogué (eds) The role of creativity in the management of innovation: State of the art and future research outlook, pp.1-12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/9781786342010_0001

Cohen, Wesley M. and Daniel A. Levinthal (1990) Absorptive capacity: A new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly, 35 (1), Special Issue: Technology, Organizations, and Innovation, pp.128-152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2393553

Coriat, Benjamin and Olivier Weinstein (1995) Les nouvelles théories de l’entreprise.

David, Albert (1999) Logique, épistémologie et méthodologie de gestion: trois hypothèses revisitées. In David, Albert, Armand Hatchuel and Romain Laufer (eds) Les nouvelles fondations des sciences de gestion. Paris, Presses des Mines, pp.83-109.

David, Albert (2013) La place des chercheurs dans l’innovation managériale. Revue française de gestion, 235 (6), p.91-112. https://doi.org/10.3166/rfg.235.91-112 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3166/rfg.235.91-112

David, Albert and Armand Hatchuel (2014) Intervention research in management. In Coghlan, David and Mary Brydon-Miller (eds) The SAGE Encyclopedia of Action Research. London: SAGE Communications Ltd. pp.461-463.

David, Albert and Sylvaine Scheffer (2017) La méthode DKCP au service de l’innovation collaborative (1:3).

Debarbieux, Bernard (2009) Territoires, territorialité, territorialisation: aujourd’hui encore et moins que demain…. In Vanier, Martin (ed.) Territoires, territorialité, territorialisation. Controverses et perspectives. Rennes: Presses universitaires de Rennes. pp.19-30. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4000/norois.2770

Duany, Andres and Emily Talen (2007) Transect Planning. Journal of the American Planning Association, 68 (3), pp.245-266. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/01944360208976271

Durance, Philippe (2010) Reciprocal influences in future thinking between Europe and the USA. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 77 (9), p.1469-1475. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2010.06.006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2010.06.006

Durance, Philippe and Michel Godet (2010) Scenario building: Uses and abuses. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 77 (9), p.1488-1492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2010.06.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2010.06.007

Georg, Susse, Gabriela Garza De Linde, Rebecca Pinheiro-Croisel and Franck Aggeri (2011,). Eco-districts and Sustainable Cities: Institutionalization through Experimentation. Paper presented at the Academy of Management Meeting, August 16, 2011, San Antonio, Tx.

Hatchuel, Armand (2000) Intervention research and the production of knowledge. In Cerff, Marianne (ed.) Cow up a Tree. Paris: Institut national de la recherche agronomique. pp.55-68.

Hatchuel, Armand, Pascal Le Masson and Benoit Weil (2011) Teaching innovative design reasoning: How concept–knowledge theory can help overcome fixation effects. Artificial Intelligence for Engineering Design, Analysis and Manufacturing, 25 (01), pp.77-92. https://doi.org/10.1017/s089006041000048x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S089006041000048X

Hatchuel, Armand and Hugues Molet (1986) Rational modelling in understanding and aiding human decision-making: About two case studies. European Journal of Operational Research, 24, p.178-186. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-2217(86)90024-X

Hatchuel, Armand and Benoit Weil (2002,). La théorie C-K : Fondements et usages d’une théorie unifiée de la conception. Paper presented at the Colloque Sciences de la conception, March 15-16, 2002, Lyon.

Hatchuel, Armand and Benoit Weil (2003) A new approach of innovative Design: An introduction to CK theory. Paper presented at the DS 31: Proceedings of ICED 03, the 14th International Conference on Engineering Design, Stockholm.

Hatchuel, Armand, Benoit Weil and Pascal Le Masson (2009) Design theory and collective creativity: A conceptual framework to evaluate KCP process. Paper presented at the International Conference on Engineering Design, ICED’09, Stanford University.

Hodgson, Geoffrey M (2008) The concept of a routine In Becker, Marcus C. (ed.) Handbook of organizational routines. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, pp.15-28.

Hooge, Sophie, Milena Klasing Chen and Dominique Laousse (2018). Dynamics of innovative concepts in exploratory projects: managing consistency between originality, collaboration and strategy. Paper presented at the RandD Management Conference RandDesigning Innovation: Transformational Challenges for Organizations and Society, June 30 - July 4, 2018, Milan.

Juan, Salvador (2015) Le concept de routine dans la socio-anthropologie de la vie quotidienne. Espace populations sociétés, (2015/1-2).

Klauser, Francisco R. (2012) Thinking through territoriality: Introducing Claude Raffestin to Anglophone sociospatial theory. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 30 (1), pp.106-120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/d20711

Knudsen, Thorbjørn (2008) Organizational routines in evolutionary theory. In Becker, Marcus C. (ed.) Handbook of organizational routines. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar, pp.125-151. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4337/9781848442702.00014

Labatut, Julie, Franck Aggeri and Nathalie Girard (2012) Discipline and change: How technologies and organizational routines interact in new practice creation. Organization Studies, 33 (1), pp.39-69. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0170840611430589

Laousse, Dominique and Sophie Hooge (2015) Innovative urban temporalities: Conceptive and generative temporal regimes. Paper presented at the HyperUrban 5. City temporalities, Florence.

Lascoumes, Pierre and Patrick Le Gales (2007) Introduction: Understanding public policy through its instruments—from the nature of instruments to the sociology of public policy instrumentation. Governance, 20 (1), pp.1-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0491.2007.00342.x

Lazarus, Richard J. (2010) Super wicked problems and climate change: Restraining the present to liberate the future. Cornell Law Review, 94, pp.1153-1233.

Le Masson, Pascal, Armand Hatchuel and Benoit Weil (2010) Strategic management of innovation and design. New York: Cambridge University Press. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511779916

Le Masson, Pascal, Armand Hatchuel and Benoit Weil (2011) The interplay between creativity issues and design theories: A new perspective for design management studies? Creativity and Innovation Management, 20 (4), pp.217-237. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8691.2011.00613.x

Le Masson, Pascal, Benoit Weil and Armand Hatchuel (2017) Design theory. Methods and organizations for innovation. Heidelberg, Germany: Springer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-50277-9

Lehmann, Valerie, Marina Frangioni and Patrick Dubé (2015) Living Lab as knowledge system: An actual approach for managing urban service projects? Journal of Knowledge Management, 19 (5), pp.1087-1107. https://doi.org/10.1108/jkm-02-2015-0058 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-02-2015-0058

Lewin, Kurt (1947) The research center for group dynamics. New York, Beacon House. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/001872674700100201

Miner, Anne S., Michael P. Ciuchta and Yan Gong (2008) Organizational routines and organizational learning. In Becker,

Marcus C. (ed.) Handbook of organizational routines. Northampton, MA: Eward Elgar, pp.152-186.

Mould, Oli (2014) Tactical urbanism: The new vernacular of the creative city. Geography Compass, 8 (8), pp.529-539. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/gec3.12146

Mulder, Ingrid (2012) Living Labbing the Rotterdam way: Co-creation as an enabler for urban innovation. Technology Innovation Management Review, 2 (9), pp.39-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22215/timreview/607

Munthe-Kaas, Peter (2014) Infrastructuring public sector innovation: Challenging municipal work practices in Copenhagen. European Planning Studies, 23 (8), pp.1588-1608. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2014.941791

Nelson, Richard R., and Winter, Sidney G. (1982). An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press.

Nesti, Giorgia (2017) Co-production for innovation: The urban living lab experience. Policy and Society, 37 (3), pp.310-325. https://doi.org/10.1080/14494035.2017.1374692 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/14494035.2017.1374692

Nevens, Frank, Niki Frantzeskaki, Leen Gorissen and Derk Loorbach (2013) Urban transition labs: Co-creating transformative action for sustainable cities. Journal of Cleaner Production, 50, p.111-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.12.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.12.001

Oldenburg, Ray (1989) The great good place: Cafés, coffee shops, bookstores, bars, hair salons, and other hangouts at the heart of a community. New York: Paragon House. Pinheiro-Croisel, Rebecca (2014) Urbanisme durable: ou Pilotage des collectifs d’innovation: Paris : Presses des Mines-Transvalor.

Potier, Olivier, Juliette Brun, Pascal Le Masson and Benoit Weil (2015) How innovative design can contribute to Chemical and Process Engineering development? Opening new innovation paths by applying the C–K method. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 103, pp.108-122. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2015.05.040

Radaelli, Giovanni, Marco Guerci, Stefano Cirella and Abraham B. Rami Shani (2014) Intervention research as management research in practice: Learning from a case in the fashion design industry. British Journal of Management, 25 (2), pp.335-351. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2012.00844.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2012.00844.x

Raffestin, Claude and Samuel A. Butler (2012) Space, territory, and territoriality. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space, 30 (1), pp.121-141. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1068/d21311

Rampa, Romain, Christophe Abrassart and Marine Agogué (2017) Training for innovative design to increase organizational creativity: A longitudinal study of hdro Quebec’s research center. In Brem, Alexander, Rogelio Puente-Diaz and Marine Agogué (eds) The role of creativity in the management of innovation: State of the art and future perspectives for research. New Jersey: World Scientific. pp.97-113. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1142/9781786342010_0005

Rittel, Horst and Melvin Webber (1973) Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. Integrating Knowledge and Practice to Advance Human Dignity 4 (2), pp.155-169. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01405730

Scherrer, Franck, Nicolas Lavoie, Christophe Abrassart and Agnès Bastin (2017) La conception innovante en urbanisme. Recherche-expérimentation pédagogique associée à l’atelier de maîtrise en urbanisme de l’Université de Montréal, RIURBA, Revue Internationale d’Urbanisme, no 3, janvier-juin 2017.

Schön, Donald A. (1980) Policy planning as a design process: A seminar. Vancouver, B.C.: Centre for Human Settlements, University of British Columbia, Faculty of Graduate Studies.

Schön, Donald A. (1993) Generative metaphor: A perspective on problem-setting in social policy. In Ortony, Andrew (ed.) Metaphor and thought. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, pp.137-163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139173865.011

Simon, Herbert A. (1969) The sciences of the artificial. Cambridge: MIT Press.

Teece, David J., Gary Pisano and Amy Shuen (1997) Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 18 (7), pp.509-533. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199708)18:7<509::AID-SMJ882>3.0.CO;2-Z