Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Potentiel'
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Braun, Pascal. "La quête du Graal dans l’évaluation des hauts-potentiels : de la détection du potentiel à la construction de son acceptabilité." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016IEPP0066.
Since the 1990s, French big companies are implementing evaluation policies of "high-potential" to prepare the renewal of leadership teams. There are few empirical studies regarding these processes, whereas they have crucial impacts on the professional future of employees. The thesis opens the black box by studying the construction of "potential" in the evaluation processes (internal to companies and outsourced to a consulting firm) set up by three big companies. Relying on the conventionalist approach of competencies and the sociology of organized action and using a rich empirical material (150 semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation, analysis of assessment tools and evaluation reports) this dissertation specifies how the evaluation is constructed in an extended process from the development of evaluation policies until feedbacks to the assessed employee. It stresses that the main challenge for the different actors involved in the process is not the objectification, but the legitimation of the evaluation in the company. It shows how the social acceptability of the assessment is built by a work of convergence and by ignoring disagreements. Finally, it highlights the integrative role of HR managers at the core of the process of construction of acceptability
Le, Thi Thu Hien. "Exposants de Lyapunov et potentiel aléatoire." Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0025/document.
In this thesis, we are interested in Lyapunov exponent for two models in random media : random walk in random potential, Brownian motion in Poisson potential.In the first part (chapter II), we study a random walk in a random potential given by a family of i.i.d random non-negative variables. The continuity of Lyapunov exponents with respect to the law of potential is shown in the case transient, that is, in the dimension d ≥ 3 or in the dimension d = 2 for a lower bounded potential. Next, we consider the critical exponents : the exponent of volume ξ and the exponent of fluctuation X. We give an inequality suggested by the KPZ conjecture under a condition of asymptotic form. Lyapunov exponents play an important role in this work.The second part (chapter III) is mainly devoted to the study Brownian motion in a long-range random potential. However, we begin with a classical finite-range potential. Sznitman (1987-1998) investigated several aspects of this model. The first result of this part is the continuity of the Lyapunov exponents with respect to the parameter of the Poisson process. Then, we study the model proposed by Lacoin (2012) which is a long-range potential model. He obtained some estimations of critical exponents that are significantly different from those of Wüthrich (1998) for the model of Sznitman.In this thesis, we pursue the study of Lacoin model. We show the existence of Lyapunov exponents, the shape limit theorem and an estimation of large deviations
JACQMART, FLAMENT SYLVIE. "Potentiel therapeutique des basidiomycetes." Lille 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIL2P036.
Telenczuk, Maria. "Intracellular and extracellular signatures of action potentials initiated in the axon." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066211/document.
The action potential is considered one of the major signaling events in the brain.Although it has been studied for years, many questions remain unanswered. The present work is dedicated to the study of action potential generation, its impact on extracellular field and local network establishment. We considered three questions: Firstly, (i) we asked why mammalian neurons often have characteristically sharp onset in the somatic recordings of action potentials. We show that the Critical Resistive Coupling Hypothesis is sufficient to explain how the action potential is initiated in the axon initial segment to provide for the ‘kink’ in the soma, while the Back propagation Hypothesis is not sufficient to explain it. Next, (ii)we asked how the placement of the axon initial segment might affect the extracellular field. We show that the impact of the axon initial segment position on the shape and amplitude ofextracellular action potential depends on the distance between the recording site andthe axon and on its position along the soma–axon initial segment axis. Finally, (iii)we inquired if a single action potential might have an effect on the network activity. Weshow that a single action potential from a single pyramidal neuron in the hippocampus can trigger sharp-wave ripple activity consisting of the firing of multiple interneurons.Altogether, our results show that action potentials are complex events shaped by the biochemistry of the neuronal membrane and morphology of the axon. In addition these features strongly modulate the neuron’s impact on the extracellular field and network activity
Garcia, Sylvain. "Caractérisation de l'état de corrosion des aciers dans le béton par cartographie de potentiel." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU30383/document.
Half-cell potential mapping is commonly used to detect corrosion risks in reinforced concrete structures. This method uses a reference electrode positioned on the surface of concrete for measuring potential difference by using a voltmeter connected to the reinforcement. However, there are two major drawbacks in the implementation of this method: the necessity to make an electrical connection to the reinforcement and the electrical continuity of this reinforcement. In order to overcome these disadvantages, a new method is proposed. Instead of using electrical connection to rebar, a second reference electrode is used, also positioned on the surface. These two electrodes configuration gives the electrical potential gradient on the concrete surface. By performing both experimental work and numerical modelling this method configuration is tested. For experimental work, two reinforced concrete slabs (3x3x0.15 meter sized) were cast to be close to actual structural conditions. The corroded areas are created with an accelerated method, using the migration of chloride ions. Corrosion size and localisation are controlled during the experiment. The thickness of the concrete cover has an influence on the measures, for this reason in the first slab reinforcement depth is fixed, while it is variable in the second slab. Concerning modelling, a parametric study using a finite element model is performed. This model allows the study of the influence of several parameters such as resistivity, corroded area size, concrete cover and also the measurement process. It is the analysis of the corrosion current, as well as potential mapping that allows the correlation between the experimental and modelling results. Discussion of both results concludes on the feasibility of this method and confirms its benefits compared to the usual half-cell potential mapping
Fekete, Aurélie. "Les déterminants du seuil du potentiel d'action dans les neurones corticaux." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0459/document.
The neuron is a highly specialized cell which permits, thanks to electrical impulsion called action potential (AP), to ensure the neuronal communication in a quick and efficient manner towards the other neurons of the brain. The axon takes a privileged place in AP genesis. Indeed, a specified region of the axon, called the axon initial segment (AIS) concentrates channel proteins that are at the origin of the AP, the sodium channels.The subject of this thesis aims to identify the geometrical and electrical factors controlling the threshold of AP. Essentially using an electrophysiological approach coupled with modeling, we identify for the first time here the importance of the axial resistance of the axon, the sodium channels, and some of the potassium channels in the threshold of AP measured in the cell body. This study should permit to refine and validate models of AP threshold by bringing a better understanding of neuronal excitability
Chakou, Fatma Zohra. "Caractérisation et potentiel biologique des polysaccharides hydrosolubles issus d'Alhagi maurorum Medik. (Fabaceae)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2023. http://theses.bu.uca.fr/nondiff/2023UCFA0022_CHAKOU.pdf.
Alhagi maurorum Medik. (Fabaceae) is a spontaneous plant with medicinal character, called "Atjer". An ethnobotanical study previously conducted in the South-East of Algeria (wilaya of Illizi) has highlighted its traditional use and notably by illiterate interviewed persons in over 55 years old and to treat various ailments such as fever (28.99%) and gastrointestinal disorders (26.08%). This thesis aimed at developing extraction and purification processes of water-soluble polysaccharides (hydrocolloids) from Alhagi maurorum seeds collected in Algerian Sahara in order to identify their structures. In a second step, the physicochemical characteristics of the isolated macromolecules were determined in diluted and semi-diluted regimes and their biological potential as antihyperglycemic, gastroprotective and anti-inflammatory agents was quantified in vitro in order to validate the traditional uses of this plant. This work led to the detection of the presence of a galactomannan in the seeds of Alhagi maurorum. This galactomannan has a high molecular weight (1.4x106Da) and consists of a main chain of β-(1,4)-D-mannan branched into α-(1,6) by D-galactopyranose residues with an M/G ratio of 2.2. Characterization of its rheological properties revealed typical pseudoplastic behavior and viscoelastic properties. The study of the biological activities associated with this biopolymer revealed its biological potential as anti-hyperglycemic, anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective agent
Vo, Thi Ha. "Évaluation de l'impact potentiel des interventions pharmaceutiques : développement et validation de l'outil multidimensionnel CLEO." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAS034/document.
In times of limited resources allocation, it is necessary for pharmacists to justify the added value of their pharmacist interventions (PIs) made during medication review (MR). The purpose of this thesis work is to research on methodologies of evaluation of value of PIs as well as development and validation of a new tool for assessing potential impacts of PIs. The work consists of 3 major parties: (i) context in which MR locates, characteristics of practice of MR, and methodologies of evaluation of impacts of PIs, (ii) systematic review of tools for assessing the potential significance of PIs in literature , (iii) process of development and validation of the new multidimensional tool - named CLEO for assessing potential impacts of PIs. The whole results of this research are useful to evaluate and demonstrate the value of PIs in efforts to expand clinical pharmacy services
Prévost, Jean-Jacques. "Le financement des organismes sans but lucratif écorécréatifs : étude du potentiel relationnel et sollicitatif de leurs sites Web." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6531.
Raoult, Cécile. "Modélisation numérique non-linéaire et dispersive des vagues en zone côtière." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1150/document.
In this work, a potential flow model based on the Euler-Zakharov equations was developed with the objective of simulating the propagation of irregular and multidirectional sea states from deep water conditions to the coast over variable bathymetry. A highly accurate representation of nonlinear and dispersive effects for bidimensional (2DH) nearshore and coastal domains on the order of kilometers is targeted.The preexisting 1DH version of the model, resolving the Laplace Boundary Value problem using a combination of high-order finite difference schemes in the horizontal direction and a spectral approach in the vertical direction, was improved and validated. The generation of incident waves through the implementation of specific Dirichlet and Neumann boundary conditions was studied in detail. In practice, these conditions were used in combination witha relaxation zone to improve the stability of the model.The linear dispersion relation of the model was derived analytically for the flat bottom case. Its analysis showed that the accuracy of the representation of dispersive effects improves significantly by increasing the vertical resolution (i.e. the maximum degree of the Chebyshev polynomial basis used to project the potential in the vertical). A convergence study conducted for moderate to highly nonlinear solitary waves confirmed the exponential convergence in the vertical dimension owing to the spectral approach, and the algebraic convergence in time and in space (horizontal dimension) with orders of about 4 (or higher) in agreement with the numerical schemes used.The capability of the model to represent nonlinear effects induced by variable bathymetry, such as the transfer of energy between harmonic components, as well as the accurate representation of dispersive properties, were demonstrated with comparisons to several experimental data sets. A visco-potential flow formulation was also implemented to take into account viscous effects induced by bulk viscosity and bottom friction. This formulation was validated inthe limit of small viscosity for mild slope bathymetries.To represent 2DH wave fields in complex nearshore domains, the model was extended using an unstructured discretization (scattered nodes) in the horizontal plane. The horizontal derivatives were estimated using the RBF-FD (Radial Basis Function - Finite Difference) method, while the spectral approach in the vertical remained unchanged. A series of sensitivity tests were conducted to evaluate numerically the robustness of the RBF-FD method, including a comparison of a variety of RBFs with or without shape factors and augmented polynomials. The 2DH version of the model was used to simulate two wave basin experiments, validating the approach and demonstrating the applicability of this method for 3D wave propagation, including nonlinear effects. As an initial attempt to improve the computational efficiency ofthe model for running simulations of large spatial domains, the code was adapted to use a parallelized direct linear solver
Dupaigne, Louis. "Equations elliptiques semilineaires avec potentiel singulier." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002721.
Chacrone, Seddik. "Théorie du potentiel et approximation complexe." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq21442.pdf.
Conway, Valérie. "Potentiel nutraceutique des constituants du babeurre." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/30039/30039.pdf.
Les composés mineurs de la membrane du globule de gras laitier (milk fat globule membrane, MFGM) ont été associés à diverses activités biologiques. Le babeurre, en raison de son processus d’obtention, est un produit d’origine laitière particulièrement riche en composés de la MFGM. Cette caractéristique explique l’intérêt grandissant porté à ce sous-produit de la fabrication du beurre, quadruplant le nombre d’articles scientifiques lui étant consacré au cours des 20 dernières années (PubMed). La grande majorité des travaux réalisés jusqu’à aujourd’hui au sujet du babeurre visait à fractionner ou encore à concentrer ses différents constituants, principalement ses phospholipides. Par contre, l’impact biologique de l’ensemble des composantes du babeurre, avant et après digestion, reste encore mal connu. Le but de cette recherche était donc d’évaluer l’impact de l’ensemble des constituants du babeurre sur différents facteurs de risque associés aux maladies cardiovasculaires (CVD). Dans un premier temps, les résultats de cette recherche ont permis de démontrer le potentiel du babeurre frais concentré par microfiltration (MF) à diminuer la solubilité micellaire du cholestérol dans un modèle d’étude in vitro. Ces résultats probants laissaient présager la capacité de certains constituants du babeurre à moduler l’absorption intestinale du cholestérol. Par contre, le fractionnement de ces derniers s’est avéré avoir un impact négatif sur le potentiel d’insolubilisation du cholestérol observé précédemment. Ensuite, les constituants mineurs du babeurre, fort possiblement en raison de ses phospholipides, ont démontré leur capacité à influencer positivement le profil lipidique chez des sujets modérément hypercholestérolémiques lors d’une étude clinique réalisée en chassé-croisé. De plus, lors de cette même étude clinique, la consommation de babeurre, possiblement en résultante de l’action de composantes peptidiques, s’est avérée capable d’abaisser la tension artérielle chez des patients normotendus lorsque comparée à un placebo. Enfin, des peptides issus de l’hydrolyse de babeurre frais (UF) ont démontré un potentiel antioxydant supérieur à ceux obtenus du lactosérum (UF) et du lait écrémé dans un modèle d’étude in vitro. Dans le cadre de l’ensemble des études de ce projet, les différentes activités biologiques se sont avérées peu influencées par l’action des traitements thermiques lorsque les produits subissaient une hydrolyse (p. ex. à la suite de leur consommation). Les résultats de cette étude permettent de mieux comprendre les propriétés bénéfiques du babeurre et ouvrent la voie à une nouvelle utilisation de ce dernier comme ingrédient actif. En effet, ce projet novateur a permis de démontrer le potentiel du babeurre en tant qu’aliment fonctionnel plutôt que comme une source de composés nutraceutiques devant être purifiés ou concentrés. Ainsi, il semble que l’ensemble des constituants du babeurre joue un rôle au niveau des bienfaits observés sur les facteurs de risque de CVD.
Richard, Laurence. "Caractérisation et potentiel des fibroblastes endoneuraux." Limoges, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIMO310C.
LE, GOFF PHILIPPE. "Le potentiel asymetrique des 1-phosphanorbornadienes." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EPXXA012.
Dupaigne, Louis. "Equations elliptiques semilinéaires avec potentiel singulier." Paris 6, 2001. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002721.
Hadjur, Christophe. "Etude du potentiel photochimiothérapeutique de l'hypéricine." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE10041.
Hamel, Chantal. "Le potentiel d'apprentissage des enfants autistiques." Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 1997. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2177847R.htm.
Bibliographie : f. [155]-166. Le résumé et la table des matières sont disponibles en format électronique sur le site Web de la bibliothèque. CaQTU
Julien, Frédéric. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes de l'adsorption de molécules organiques sur différents types de charbons actifs." Poitiers, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994POIT2305.
Lechaptois, Luis. "Ferritin nanocages used as programmable bricks for biomolecular electronics." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS462.
Ferritin nanocages are ubiquitous proteins, widely known for their ability to handle iron atoms inside many living species. This particular protein has a unique architecture made of an amino acid shell with an iron core and has appeared as an attractive candidate to be incorporated into an electrical device (junction, solid-state transistor). The goal is to characterise the electrostatic properties, charge states, and interactions with a semi-conductor surface of ferritins for biomolecular electronics. Furthermore, the overall surface of ferritin (naturally negatively charged) can be modulated through bioengineering techniques (site-directed mutagenesis) to be positively charged. During this thesis, the ferritin nanocages were produced and bioengineered in the NTU laboratory in Singapore, and were characterised in solution using light scattering techniques (ELS, DLS). The mutations of the ferritins were performed by substitution of negative amino acids with positive ones, and the ferritin mutants showed a shift in their isoelectric point (IEP). In order to study the electrostatic behaviour of the ferritin proteins on a solid surface, they were deposited on a doped silicon substrate, and the sample surfaces were scanned by Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy (KPFM), which is an advanced technique of the atomic force microscopy that simultaneously measures the topography and the surface potential of a sample surface. The characterisation of ferritin immobilized on a silicon surface by KPFM reveals a change in the ferritin morphology (flattening) and electrostatics properties (surface potential) as a function of their iron content. Moreover, these results present a new method to determine the orientation and conformality of proteins directly on a solid surface by measuring their electric dipole. For the mutated ferritins, the surface potential measured by KPFM showed no change in the sign of the surface charge (from negative to positive), but significant changes are noticeable and indicate the modulation of the surface charge of the mutated ferritins. This study gives strong insight into the possible incorporation of the ferritin inside electronic devices. For this, other electrostatic interactions remain to be studied when a nanoparticle is deposited on a semi-conductor such as the formation of a Schottky barrier, which was investigated during this thesis with a model particle (50 nm gold nanoparticles) deposited on silicon and measured by KPFM. Based on the electrostatic study of the ferritin (and gold nanoparticles), one of the next ideas would be to achieve an active mixed monolayer of positive and negative ferritin that will be deposited onto a pseudo-MOSFET structure. The change in the positive/negative particle ratio will modulate the source-drain current
Kermarrec, Solen. "Relations entre potentiel intellectuel, anxiété et dépression chez l'enfant." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB216/document.
Gifted children and adolescents may present a wide range of psychological disorders, justifying specialized care in a child psychiatric care facility. Among these disorders, anxiety and depression are frequently cited by parents. To better understand the characteristics and specificities of anxiety and depressive disorders in the population of gifted children and adolescents, we have conducted a review of literature on epidemiological studies of anxiety and depression in gifted children and adolescents. There are some discrepant results. Methodological biases (lack of consensus in the definition of giftedness, bias of anxiety or depression assessment, small sample sizes) may explain, in part, the observed contradictory results. Then, we conducted an exploratory study with the main objective of comparing anxiety and depressive disorders in gifted and non gifted children and adolescents, trying to account for these biases. Our study has therefore been carried out in large samples of gifted children and non gifted children using different sources of observation (parental assessment, child self-assessment and child psychiatric assessment). Concerning anxiety disorders, the results of study 1 suggest that gifted children (Total IQ130) would be more anxious than non-gifted children (Total IQ <130) according to the ICD-10 and DSM-5 criteria. In addition, according to the child's self-assessment with R-CMAS, children with high verbal potential (VCI130) would perceive themselves to be more anxious than children with no high verbal potential (VCI<130), whereas children with high perceptual reasoning (PRI130) would perceive themselves to be less anxious than children with no high perceptual reasoning (PRI <130). High VCI would thus have a negative effect on anxiety perceived by the child, whereas high PRI would have a protective effect on anxiety. Concerning depressive disorders, the results of study 2 show that, according to the parents' assessment, children with high verbal potential (VCI130) would have more depressive disorder than children with no high verbal potential (VCI< 130). According to child self-assessment using MDI-C, gifted children (Total IQ130), but also children with high potential in working memory (WMI130) or in speed processing (PSI130), would describe themselves less depressive on the total score of MDI-C than non-gifted children. Finally, the results of study 3 analyzing the correlations between the R-CMAS and MDI-C scores confirm the protective effects of PRI on anxiety, and WMI or PSI on depression as highlighted in studies 1 and 2. Future studies are requested to confirm these results and to better understand the mechanisms of the protective and negative effects of certain intellectual dimensions and domains
Roland, Aurélie. "Influence des phénomènes d'oxydation lors de l'élaboration des moûts sur la qualité aromatique des vins de Melon B. et de Sauvignon Blanc en Val de Loire." Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NSAM0016/document.
In order to characterize Melon B. and Sauvignon Blanc musts in composition and to study their oxidation profiles, several analytical methodologies have been developed and validated. The quantification of thiols precursors by Stable Isotope Dilution Assay required the synthesis of labeled molecules, which have been used either as analytical standards or as tracers for relationship studies in complex matrices. Thus, we established that, during the alcoholic fermentation, the S-3-(hexan-1-ol)-glutathione (G3MH) and the S-4-(4-méthylpentan-2-one)-glutathione (G4MMP) are metabolized by the yeast to release the 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol (3MH) and the 4-méthyl-4-mercaptopentan-2-one (4MMP) with molar conversion yields close to 4.4 % and 0.3 % respectively. Oxidation mechanisms study at laboratory scale demonstrated that aromatic potential was not affected by oxidative reactions, as expected in regard to their chemical structures. On the contrary, the G3M H was produced in the same time as the Grape Reaction Product peak (GRP). The validation of these observations at industrial scale was conducted by comparing traditional and inerted pressing systems. The elaboration of a Melon B. must under inert gas was not in favor of a G3MH pre-fermentary production, which induced a decrease of 3MH concentration in wine without affecting the organoleptic qualities of young wines. For Sauvignon Blanc must, the aromatic potential was not affected by the kind of pressing systems but a significant decrease in 3MH was observed in the wines obtained with juices from the beginning of pressing. The E-(2)-hexenal pathway could certainly explain such aromatic losses. Thus, under our experimental conditions, a mild and controlled oxidation of Melon B. must and, in a certain extend of Sauvignon Blanc must, is in favor of the aromatic quality of wines from Loire Valley
Karadjian, Marine. "Endurance et tenue diélectrique de l’isolation de câbles électriques pour l’aéronautique." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC104/document.
In future "more electric" aircraft, the increase in on board electrical power will result in an increase in voltage. The voltages envisaged today are lower than 1000 V DC, but higher values can be considered in the medium to long term. It is therefore essential to study possible premature degradation of existing equipment induced by this rise in voltage. This thesis work, specifically on aeronautical cables, is a contribution to this goal. The examined cables, consisting of a multi-stranded core on which PTFE and PI layers are wound, have undergone various static and dynamic accelerated thermal aging, under humidity, without or with electrical stress. Aging has been carried out in some cases for more than 9000 hours. Partial discharges (DP) were studied on these cables in terms of the appearance voltage PDIV and RPDIV. These DPs can occur outside the cable but alsoinside (for higher voltages) in the air gaps between the insulation and the conductive strands. This location has been confirmed by an electrostatic model. The effect of aging was only found in the case of internal discharges, with in some cases a significant reduction in RPDIV values.Physicochemical analyses of the electrical insulation system were carried out as well as x-ray radiography. Chemical modifications of the interfaces of the insulation system occur during aging. For the most advanced aging (after 9000h under thermal stress at 240°C), these changes result in the formation of cavities where DP can then take place. Finally, electrostatic measurements of surface potential (decline and return after neutralization) have shown, well before the observation of cavities, an increase in conductivity of one of the layers of the insulation
Cuc, Bogdan Sébastian. "Les manifestations du potentiel traumatique des expériences archaïques présentes dans trois situations cliniques différentes : la psychanalyse classique, la psychanalyse des enfants institutionalyse et le travail psychanalytique avec des couple mère-enfants." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD047.
The clinical situations we encounter within the classic psychoanalytical setting during thepsychoanalytic sessions bring us, often in foreground, moments when the patients use the settingas a construction tool, a construction that is developed in the negative of the relationship betweenthe patient and the psychoanalyst, as an attempt to recreate the "original shape". These are themoments in which the patient brings within the analytic situation different forms of expression ofthe archaic experiences or of the traumatic potential, forms coming from a space-time nonintegrated,a time that keeps the actuality of his expressions due to an not-enough elaboration ofits contents.I started on the basis of the following hypothesis:The violent appearance of the archaic elements or of the traumatic potential within the analyticsituation is a form of manifestation of the actual, which has not been developed the form of ametaphor, nor the primary form of representation, but an archaic form, inaccessible to thesymbolization process, in a shape similar to the presentation, Darstellung, which aspires to representation,that is to say, to a transformation in a form accessible to the primary developmentalprocesses.. When the archaic experiences and traumatic potential violently penetrate the analytic situationwith archaic realities repeating an actual that is outside of the psychic time of the patients, thosethey want to live and be a Here and Now.6 Each of the cases presented in this thesis represents experiences that first started to explore thepotential of each clinical situation at hand. The psychoanalytic setting, the setting of the analysiswith institutionalized children or the setting of the psychoanalytic consultations with the motherchildcouples, offer a spatiotemporal potentiality in which the relational dynamics benefit from aspace and time in a floating and associative expression. This process of free dynamic contentbrought by patients together with the forms in which I have received and developed such contentopened the access to the experience of the here and now, bringing us to what eventuallyrepresented the solution exit from the impasse and that continue the developing andtransformation process
Moisan, Geneviève. "La coopération triangulaire : potentiel ou illusion d'efficacité?" Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31969.
Balde, Elhadj Saïdou. "Identification de nouvelles molécules à potentiel anticancéreux." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210113.
Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Maurin, Anne-Catherine. "Interactions adipocytes-ostéoblastes : rôle potentiel de PPARγ." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO1T052.
ALEXOPOULOS, GEORGES. "Theorie du potentiel et groupes de lie." Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066704.
Héduit, Alain. "Potentiel d'électrode de platine en épuration biologique." Paris 12, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA120014.
Daly, Douraid. "Solutions périodiques dans un puits de potentiel." Paris 9, 1989. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1989PA090012.
Samot, Johan. "Evaluation du potentiel probiotique de lactobacilles buccaux." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR21970/document.
The oral cavity is a complex and dynamic ecosystem with a delicate balance. On the occasion of changes in environmental conditions or an increase in the sensitivity of the host, a break can occur. The alteration of local conditions will allow the growth and development of pathogenic species hitherto poorly represented, which will allow the occurrence of various oral infectious diseases. Due to the lack of solutions given by a purely mechanical support, additional resources should be considered. Probiotic strategy appears as an attractive way since it proposes to replace pathogenic bacteria by microorganisms having beneficial effects on oral health. The aim of this study was therefore to identify probiotic strains among oral lactobacilli isolates. To this end, sixty-six strains were evaluated. To predict persistence in mouth, three different methods of assessing adherence were used: a method on glass tube, the MATS method and a monospecie biofilm model. In vitro studies were conducted to determine whether lactobacilli could inhibit caries pathogens (Streptococcus mutans and Actinomyces viscosus) and some periopathogens (Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis) and to identify the mechanisms involved. Finally, the fermentation capacity of certain strains was assessed in order to avoid the occurrence of adverse effects such as carious demineralization. Only three strains showed adhesion interesting capabilities. According to the criteria we defined to characterize an activity as antibacterial, no strain inhibited P. gingivalis and 9 strains were selected for their inhibitory potency against the others pathogens. The precise mode of action of the inhibition remains unclear. Under the conditions of this study, none of the strains tested for its fermentative activity has introduced a cariogenic risk. This work has highlighted interesting strains because of their adhesion or because of their inhibitory activity. Additional in vitro studies seem necessary (evaluation of immune stimulation, precision of the mechanisms involved in the observed effects) before continuing in an animal model and clinical studies in humans
Houle, Josée. "Le potentiel d'abus et les mères adolescentes." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2008. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/1643/1/030105402.pdf.
Johansen, Bianca. "Potentiel antimicrobien de principes actifs d’origine naturelle." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0242.
The development of a natural bioactive compounds could be a mean of developing new alternatives to antibiotics. Tea tree essential oil is known for its numerous properties and its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, but also for its toxicity and its high content in allergens due to its composition in monoterpenes. In this study, we search for new natural compounds extracted from tea tree essential oil, which has equivalent antimicrobial activity but less toxicity and a reduced allergenic activity. Two bioactive compounds have been thus studied. Titroléane™ - a fraction of tea tree essential oil enriched in monoterpene alcohols but with a very low rate of monoterpenes - has shown microbiological activities similar to tea tree essential oil. As for Synterpicine™, it is only composed of the two main molecules of the essential oil, and presents a reduced cytotoxicity. The characterization of the compounds’ efficacy was carried out with different in vitro study methods, to define their inhibitory and bactericide activity, on planktonic and biofilm bacteria. Finally, the research of new active molecules within the active compounds, was pursued thanks to a high performance thin layer chromatography, paired up with a microbiological study by bioautography. This study has highlighted the antimicrobial activity of two new natural active extracts which can be valorised on different markets- especially human health
Henry, Patrice. "Potentiels evoques moteurs : aspects actuels et apport personnel." Nancy 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NAN11257.
Laurent, Annie. "Potentiels évoqués et schizophrénie : revue de la littérature et étude du P300 dans un groupe de 20 schizophrènes." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M461.
SMETS, MARC. "Etude des potentiels evoques sensoriels et cognitifs chez 18 patients schizophrenes." Lille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL2M180.
THOMAS, CHARLES EDWARD III. "Cartographie des potentiels evoques : un nouveau facteur d'interpolation." Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL1M075.
Sams, Mikko. "Electrical and magnetic responses of the humain brain to auditory pitch changes : reflections of automatic and controlled information processing /." Helsinki : Suomalainen tiedeakatemia, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34885954k.
Fesser-Blaess, Mireille. "La détection du potentiel dans le contexte de travail quotidien : Analyse des dirigeants potentiels d'une entreprise internationale." Corte, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CORT1027.
When shared signs that signal professional potential remain largely based upon surface appearences, those who strive to be seen, rather than to contribute significantly to a company's growth, can give the illusion of having potential. The biases that distort the evaluator's perception, the employee's tactical strategy, and the common traps (e. G. , heightened self-confidence gained through the achievement of ostensibly objective signs, such as an esteemed diploma or past mobility) are in fact ambiguous. In this study, we propose alternative evaluation criteria which can be widely employed throughout a compagny whithout procuring additional cost. Framed whithin a HR Development approach, the proposed alternative evaluation criteria include : the modesty with which a candidate speaks about his performance and his ability to incorporate past experiences in order to strengthen his professional competencies. We tested the hypothesis that these alternative criteria constitute better signs for detecting real potential than conventional ones. Utilizing participative observation, our research was carried out in a company strongly informed by a cannoned approach to detecting potential and entrenched within a cultural elitism. The target group constituted recently promoted managers and we sought to determine if the former presented the presumed indicators of potential in addition to the deep-level criteria that we have posited. Using the standardized company performance evaluation tool, we compared the expected and the real performance of this population and found the existence of a performance gap occuring when a manager does not possess the deep-level indicators. The findings validated our hypothesis and the functionality of our criteria for detecting potential ; managers possessing unconventional indicators performed well, while those without exhibited a sub-standard performance level, thereby demonstrating the pertinence of fundamental signs to detec managerial potential
Petit, Tristan. "Modifications de surface des nanodiamants : compréhension des mécanismes d’échanges électroniques et mise en évidence d’un effet thérapeutique." Thesis, Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DENS0010/document.
In this thesis, a therapeutic effect of nanodiamonds (NDs) has been evidenced by investigating the role of NDs surface chemistry on their electronic properties. More precisely, the generation of reactive oxygen species from detonation NDs under ionizing radiation, which could improve current radiotherapy treatments, has been demonstrated. To this end, surface treatments facilitating electron transfer from NDs to their environment, namely hydrogenation and surface graphitization, were developed. Experimental conditions ensuring an efficient hydrogenation by hydrogen plasma were determined under ultrahigh vacuum, before being used to prepare large quantities of NDs in powder phase. A similar procedure was applied to the surface graphitization of NDs, performed by annealing under vacuum at high temperature. The impact of such surface treatments on the electronic interaction properties of NDs has been investigated under ambient air and after dispersion in water. These surface treatments induce a positive Zeta potential to NDs in water, which origin has been discussed. Finally, their interactions with human tumor cells were observed. Radiosensitization of tumor cells using NDs under gamma irradiation was demonstrated, opening new perspectives for NDs in nanomedicine
Escoda, Aurélie. "Etude du transfert de solutés neutres et chargés à travers des membranes de nanofiltration et caractérisation des propriétés diélectriques des nanopores." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01068644.
Briffaud, Virginie. "Rythme lent du bulbe olfactif : étude des oscillations du potentiel de membrane des cellules mitrales/à panache et de leurs relations avec l'activité de décharge et l'activité du réseau." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00820089.
Nouri, Nowrouz Mohammad. "Dynamique du tourbillon dans un écoulement potentiel avec surface libre." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL105N.
Morais, Anne. "Potentiel hydrométéorologique du schéma de surface canadien CLASS." Thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2012/29013/29013.pdf.
The performance of the Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS) was assessed using meteorological observations from stations located in a potato field during a whole season in 2007, and from tuber initiation to tuber bulking in 2010. The scheme’s performance has been evaluated for both the energetic and hydric balance. Over the two seasons, CLASS overestimated the latent flux and generated a ground heat flux of higher amplitude compared to the observed one. The evapotranspiration and the drainage generated by CLASS were then compared to those of BV3C, a submodel of the hydrological model HYDROTEL. BVC3 seemed to have produced an overestimated evapotranspiration, which the dynamics did not match with those of the observed one. Finally, both CLASS and ISBA, an other land surface scheme in use in Canada, were run with data derived from the regional product of the global environmental multiscale model, for the same location. During this test, ISBA showed a higher flow than CLASS. ISBA also showed little quantity of drained water in disagreement with the available observations.
André, Mathieu. "Potentiel de la combustion HCCI et injection précoce." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00597281.
Fichaux, Nicolas. "Évaluation du potentiel éolien offshore et imagerie satellitale." Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2003. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001276.
Bayle, Morgane. "Potentiel antidiabétique de métabolites de polyphénols : les urolithines." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTT018.
The objective of our thesis was to study the anti-diabetic potential of metabolites of ellagic acid tanins, present notably in pomegranate and nuts, that are formed by the colon microbiote. The metabolites are urolithins A, B, C and D.The first part of thesis is bibliographic and reviews: •The control of glycemic plasma levels, and in particular the role of insulin secretion in this process; • The pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D); •The various polyphenols and their metabolites, along with their potential anti-diabetic activity.The second part describes the effects of urolithins on various experimental models: •On a model of insulin secreting beta cells (the INS-1cell line), urolithins concentration-dependently amplified insulin secretion induced by glucose, but also by insulinotropic drugs used in the treatment of T2D such as a GLP-1 analogue or a sulfonylurea. In addition, urolithins were able to induce insulin secretion on cells rendered unresponsive to glucose by oxidative stress. • The insulinotropic effect of urolithins was also confirmed on isolated rat islets of Langerhans. •As urolithin C appeared to be the most promising antidiabetic compound, we further characterized its activity on an ex vivo model mimicking the physiological situation, the isolated infused pancreas. While urolithin C (20µM) had no effect in the presence of 5 mM glucose concentration, it amplified the stimulation of insulin secretion in the presence of 8.3mM glucose. The effect of urolithin C was also strictly glucose-dependent, as insulin secretion immediately returned to basal level when glucose concentration was switched from 8.3 to 5mM glucose in the presence of urolithin C. •We also conducted studies aiming at designing a validated methodology for rat plasma urolithin C determination using a liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method. The applicability of this assay was demonstrated in a preclinical pharmacokinetic study carried out in rats receiving intraperitoneal administration of urolithin C (10mg/kg). We found that the urolithin C followed a three-compartment model, suggesting a long-term tissue storage of urolithin C.Some other (confidential) results, not described in this abstract, confirmed urolithin C as a potential glucose-dependent insulinotropic treatment for type 2 diabetes
Genard, Thaïs. "Potentiel agronomique et environnemental des associations Fabacées-colza." Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN2028.
Excessive use of nitrogen (N) fertilizers in intensive agricultural systems has affected the balance of the global N cycle, resulting in negative environmental impacts. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new cultural practices to limit N inputs. This issue is particularly important for winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. ) which required high N fertilization level due to a low N use efficiency. The use of N fixing legumes (Fabaceae) grown in mixture is known to improve the use of available resources by the companion plants. Legumes can contribute to N nutrition by transfer or N rhizodeposition. The objective of this work was to estimate the impact of legumes as companion plants of oilseed rape at vegetative and reproductive stages to reduce N inputs while maintaining yield rapeseed. A screening of 7 legumes was performed to select 3 species maintaining or improving the growth of rapeseed under low N input: lupine (Lupinus albus L. ), clover (Trifolium incarnatum L. ) and vetch (Vicia sativa L. ). An experiment was performed to evaluate the impact of these 3 species on performances of mixture (biomass, N and S nutrition and biological N fixation) under controlled conditions. The results show that the proportion of N derived from the atmosphere was increased by 34, 140 and 290% in lupine, clover and vetch, respectively. Moreover, clover and lupine maintained the soil N pool. The quantification of N transfer from legumes to rapeseed was performed using the split-root 15N labelling method: lupin and clover had a higher capacity of transfer. The clover-rapeseed intercrop was more particularly studied to evaluate the impact of S fertilizer (30 et 60 kg S. Ha-1) on N and S nutrition of both plants, and yield and grain quality of rapeseed grown in lysimeter under low N input (100 kg N. Ha-1). Overall, the results show that growth and grain quality of rapeseed grown in mixture were similar with monoculture and that a 30 kg S. Ha-1 of fertilization was optimal for maintaining yield of rapeseed in mixture
Prudent, Dominique. "Valorisation du potentiel aromatique de quatre plantes tropicales." Toulouse, INPT, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPT051G.
Emonet, Sébastien. "Arénavirus à potentiel bioterroriste : génomique, évolution et diagnostic." Aix-Marseille 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006AIX20680.