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Black powder in gas pipelines - Wikipedia
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Black powder results from chemical and bacterial reactions within hydrocarbon systems. Bacterially, sulfate-reducing bacteria and acid-producing bacteria are dependent on the reaction of water and iron to form the hydrogen sulfides that cause oxidization and in turn black powder. Chemically, the three primary catalysts of ...Here Are Procedures For Handling Persistent Black-Powder ...
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Microbiologically influenced corrosion is a serious form of corrosion that can occur in pipelines to produce black powder or iron sulfide. MIC is pitting of the pipe wall ... The microbes that cause pipe corrosion are of two families: sulfate-[PDF]Black Powder Removal from Transmission Pipelines - Pall Corporation
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de O Trifilieff - Autres articles
It can be a dry powder, a liquid suspension, or an intermediate sticky sludge depending on pipeline conditions. Previous studies have identified. Black Powder to contain in some cases, primarily iron oxides1,2 and in other instances, a mixture of iron oxides and iron sulfides3,4. In gas streams containing carbon dioxide, iron.[PDF]winning the war against black powder - Mueller Environmental
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The formation of black powder -- a chemical reaction of H2S, water and iron -- is a problem for compressors ... difficulties that foreign materials in the gas stream pose for production, gathering, processing and pipeline ... The SRB microbes Clostridium and Desulfovibrio deulfuricans consume sulfates and produce H2S.[PDF]Improved Methods for Effective Black Powder ... - Engineering.com
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Alternatively, the H2S may be produced by sulphate reducing bacteria (SRBs) on the pipewall; this tends to have a more localised effect ... + Fe ⇒ Fe. 2+. +H2. (Eq.
corrosion of x-70 carbon steel pipeline subject to sulfate reducing ...
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de MKFM Ali - 2006 - Autres articles
with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy results show that corrosion activity due to Sulfate Reducing Bacteria will form biofilm and iron sulfide layer on the metal surface. Future research should emphasize using local strain bacteria rather than microorganisms from culture collection sample to represent the activity and the effect ...[DOC]Black Powder in Natural Gas Pipelines - Texas Gas Association
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It is called “black “ powder because the presence of iron salts make it black, although it can also be rust colored (rouge) or even gray. The one thing it is not is the black powder used to shoot guns. II.B Sources of Black Powder in Pipelines. Most black powder is generated by corrosion in the pipeline caused mainly by having ...Termes manquants : sulfate
[PDF]11084: Black Powder Formation in Thin Water Layers Under Stagnant ...
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carbonate, iron sulfide or iron oxides, which are formed by internal corrosion of the pipeline. Mill scale. (e.g. Fe3O4) can also contribute to black powder in new pipelines. Black powder may contain other solid constituents such as elemental sulfur, salts, sand, clay, welding splatter, formation cuttings and metal debris.[PDF]Critical Review of Pipeline Scale Measurement ... - MedCrave
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22 janv. 2018 - will combine with sulfate ion and barite scale will deposit [10]. Especially in gas pipelines, black powder is the most common solid contaminant through the world [11]. Its composition differs from different situations and can be considered as the mixture of either iron sulfides, carbonates, hydroxides or oxides ...