Grows from a shrub into a small or medium-size tree with a pyramidal to broad oval crown. The crown branches very densely. This effect is reinforced by the tough, evergreen leaf. The leaves are glossy dark green and have a very undulate margin with several pronounced prickles. The flowers are small and inconspicuous. They are hermaphroditic. The female flowers are followed by glossy red, fleshy drupes (commonly called ‘berries’). The Common holly is indigenous to western Europe and an important tree in the cultural history of various peoples. Prefers a humic, moist but well-drained soil and tolerates either acidic or calcareous soil. I. aquifolium is an excellent hedge plant as well as being used as a park tree, in narrow streets and in gardens. Dozens of cultivars have been named, many of which have variegated leaves.