French National Police Organisation - SAINT
French National Police Organisation - SAINT
French National Police Organisation - SAINT
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<strong>French</strong> <strong>National</strong> <strong>Police</strong><br />
Formed 1966<br />
Preceding Agency<br />
Sûreté <strong>National</strong>e<br />
Employees 150,000<br />
Jurisdictional Structure<br />
Size<br />
551,695km²<br />
Population<br />
60 million<br />
Operational Structure<br />
Headquarters<br />
Paris<br />
Directorates 13<br />
France<br />
(Metropolitan and Overseas Territories)<br />
The <strong>National</strong> <strong>Police</strong> (<strong>Police</strong> <strong>National</strong>e), is one of two national police forces and the main civil law<br />
enforcement agency of France. The <strong>National</strong> <strong>Police</strong> comes under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of the<br />
Interior and has about 150,000 employees.<br />
With primary jurisdiction in large cities and towns, <strong>Police</strong> <strong>National</strong>e:<br />
• conducts security operations (patrols, traffic control, identity checks etc.)<br />
• under orders and supervision of the Investigating magistrates of the judiciary, conducts<br />
criminal enquiries, serves search warrants, etc.;<br />
• maintains specific services ("judicial police") for criminal enquiries.<br />
The other main agency is the military Gendarmerie, with primary jurisdiction in smaller towns and<br />
rural and border areas.<br />
<strong>Organisation</strong><br />
Headed by the DGPN (Direction Générale de la <strong>Police</strong> nationale, General Direction of the <strong>National</strong><br />
<strong>Police</strong>), the police is divided into directorates:<br />
• Direction de l'administration de la police nationale (Directorate of Administration of the<br />
<strong>National</strong> <strong>Police</strong>; DAPN)<br />
• Direction de la formation de police nationale (Directorate of Training of the <strong>National</strong> <strong>Police</strong>;<br />
DFPN)<br />
• Direction centrale de la police judiciaire (Central Directorate of Judicial <strong>Police</strong>; DCPJ) – major<br />
• criminal investigations (known as "36 Quai des Orfèvres" in<br />
Paris) (It is actually located at 11 rue des Saussaies.)<br />
• Direction centrale de la sécurité publique (Central<br />
Directorate of Public Security; DCSP) ‐ uniformed patrol and<br />
response<br />
• Groupes d'Intervention de la <strong>Police</strong> <strong>National</strong>e<br />
(Intervention Groups of the <strong>National</strong> <strong>Police</strong>; GIPN) ‐ 9<br />
regional SWAT teams<br />
• Direction centrale de la police aux frontières (Central<br />
Directorate of Border <strong>Police</strong>; DCPAF)<br />
• Inspection générale de la police nationale (Inspectorate<br />
General of the <strong>National</strong> <strong>Police</strong>; IPGN) ‐ headed by the<br />
Inspector General and responsible for internal affairs<br />
• Direction centrale des compagnies républicaines de sécurité CRS in riot control gear<br />
(Central Directorate of the Republican Security Companies;<br />
DCCRS) ‐ riot police commonly referred to as the CRS<br />
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<strong>Police</strong> Language and Culture
• Service de coopération technique internationale de police (Technical International <strong>Police</strong> Cooperation<br />
Service; SCTIP)<br />
• Service de protection des hautes personnalités (Important Persons Protection Service; SPHP) – VIP<br />
protection, although the President of the <strong>French</strong> Republic is protected by both the Gendarmerie &<br />
the <strong>National</strong> <strong>Police</strong> (half/half) joined in a service called the Groupe de Sécurité de la Présidence de<br />
la République<br />
• The Préfecture de <strong>Police</strong> (Prefecture of <strong>Police</strong>) provides police and security services in Greater Paris<br />
• Recherche Assistance Intervention Dissuasion (Research, Assistance, Intervention, Deterrence;<br />
RAID) ‐ counter‐terrorist unit<br />
Former Directorates<br />
As of 1 July 2008, the following two <strong>National</strong> <strong>Police</strong> directorates:<br />
• Direction de la surveillance du territoire (Directorate of Territorial Surveillance; DST) ‐<br />
counterintelligence, counterespionage, counterterrorism<br />
• Direction centrale des renseignements généraux (Central Directorate of General Information; DCRG<br />
or RG) ‐ records, research, analysis, policing gambling and horse racing<br />
were merged into one single domestic intelligence agency titled the Direction centrale du<br />
renseignement intérieur (DCRI), and placed directly under the Ministry of the Interior.<br />
Ranks<br />
The <strong>National</strong> <strong>Police</strong> is divided into three corps, in the terminology of the <strong>French</strong> Civil Service, in<br />
ascending order of seniority:<br />
The Corps de maîtrise et d'application (Authority and Enforcement Corps) corresponds approximately<br />
to the enlisted and non‐commissioned ranks in a military force, or to constables and sergeants in a<br />
British‐style civil police force.<br />
Gardien de la paix stagiaire ("guardian of the peace, intern") 1 st year after school<br />
Gardien de la paix ("guardian of the peace")<br />
Sous‐brigadier, after 12 years of service<br />
Brigadier<br />
Brigadier‐chef<br />
Brigadier‐major<br />
The Corps de commande et d'encadrement (Command and Management Corps) corresponds<br />
approximately to the lower commissioned ranks of a military force, or to grades of inspector in a<br />
British‐style civil police force. These ranks were previously known as inspecteurs if detectives or<br />
officiers de la paix if uniformed, although CRS officers always used the current ranks.<br />
Lieutenant student<br />
Lieutenant intern<br />
Lieutenant (formerly Officier de la paix or Inspecteur)<br />
Capitaine (formerly Officer de la paix principal or Inspecteur principal)<br />
Commandant (formerly Commandant or Inspecteur divisionnaire)<br />
The Corps de conception et de direction (Conception and Direction Corps) corresponds approximately<br />
to the higher commissioned ranks of a military force, or to grades of superintendent and chief officers<br />
in a British‐style civil police force.<br />
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left to right : <strong>Police</strong> Commissioner, Divisional Commissioner, Controller<br />
General, Inspector General, Director of the Active Services<br />
Commissaire de police ‐ <strong>Police</strong> Commissioner<br />
Commissaire divisionnaire ‐ Divisional Commissioner<br />
Contrôleur général ‐ Controller General<br />
Inspecteur général ‐ Inspector General<br />
Directeur des services actifs ‐ Director of the Active Services<br />
Rank insignia is worn on the shoulders or on the chest (squared shaped instead of rectangular).<br />
Prior to 1995 two civilian corps ("Inspecteurs" and "Enquêteurs") existed in which plain‐clothes officers<br />
were given the training and authority to conduct investigations. The closest Anglo‐American equivalent<br />
is the private investigator.<br />
The powers of making a full arrest, hearing suspects, overseeing searches ordered by the judiciary,<br />
etc., are restricted to members of the police or the gendarmerie with the qualification of "officer of<br />
judiciary police" (officier de police judiciaire or OPJ). Other officers are only "agents of judiciary police"<br />
(agents de police judiciaire or APJ) and have only limited authority, restricted to assisting the officers.<br />
Equipment<br />
Vehicles<br />
Generally, in the provinces, a police station has six vehicles (four cars and two vans), eight motorcycles<br />
and two cars CRS (a van and an unmarked car). Most police vehicles are <strong>French</strong> brands such as Renault<br />
and Citroen but other <strong>French</strong> brands are also seen, e.g. Peugeot.<br />
The <strong>Police</strong> operate 45 helicopters.<br />
• Aérospatiale Alouette III (SE 3160, SA 316, SA 319B)<br />
• Eurocopter EC 145<br />
• Eurocopter Ecureuil (AS 350B, AS 350BA, AS 350B‐1)<br />
• Eurocopter Fennec (AS 550U‐2)<br />
Reference: www.interieur.gouv.fr/rubriques/c/c3_police_nationale/c33_organisation<br />
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